COMPONENT CONVEYING INSTRUMENT WITH AN ADJUSTING UNIT AND METHOD OF ADJUSTING A COMPONENT CONVEYING INSTRUMENT
20220270902 · 2022-08-25
Inventors
Cpc classification
H01L21/67144
ELECTRICITY
H01L21/67721
ELECTRICITY
International classification
Abstract
A component conveying instrument comprising a first and second conveying instrument for conveying a component. The first conveying instrument is arranged to transfer the component to the second conveying instrument at a transfer location. The component conveying instrument further comprises an adjustment unit for adjusting one of the conveying instruments relative to the other conveying instrument along at least one or about at least one adjustment axis and an imaging unit. The imaging unit captures at least one image of the transfer location showing an end region of the first conveying instrument, and an end region of the second conveying instrument. The component conveying instrument also comprises an analyzing unit for analyzing the image, where the analyzing unit is coupled to the adjusting unit and is adapted to determine an asymmetry measure between the end region of the first conveying instrument and the end region of the second conveying instrument.
Claims
1. A component conveying device, comprising: a first conveying instrument for conveying a component; a second conveying instrument for conveying the component; wherein the first conveying instrument is arranged to transfer the component to the second conveying instrument at a transfer location; an adjustment unit for adjusting one of the first or second conveying instruments relative to the other conveying instrument along at least one or about at least one adjustment axis; a first imaging unit configured to record at least one image of the transfer location that shows at least one end region of the first conveying instrument in a first section and at least one end region of the second conveying instrument in a second section; and an analysis unit, coupled to the adjustment unit, for analyzing the at least one image, which analysis unit is set up to determine from the at least one image a measure of an asymmetry between the end region of the first conveying instrument and the end region of the second conveying instrument, said adjustment unit being configured to adjust at least one of the conveying instruments with respect to the other conveying instrument along the at least one adjustment axis or about the at least one adjusting axis as a function of the determined asymmetry measure.
2. The component conveying device according to claim 1, wherein the analysis unit is adapted to use a mirror axis, which is either oriented perpendicular to a transfer path of the component or coincides with the transfer path, for determining the asymmetry measure between the end region of the first conveying instrument and the end region of the second conveying instrument.
3. The component conveying device according to claim 2, wherein the analysis unit is adapted to determine, for the asymmetry measure (a) to detect a grey value for each pixel on one side of the mirror axis, (b) to determine the mirrored pixel for the pixel under consideration with the mirror axis in each case and to detect its grey value, (c) determining in each case a difference value which represents a measure of the difference between the grey value of the pixel and the grey value of the mirrored pixel, and (d) to sum up all difference values determined in this way, wherein the sum formed in step (d) determines the asymmetry measure to the image.
4. The component conveying device according to claim 2, wherein the analysis unit is adapted to determine, for the image, the measure of asymmetry by (a) creating a mirror image, which is generated by a reflection around a mirror axis, which is at least approximately parallel to the transfer path, (b) acquiring the grey values for each pixel of the image and the corresponding pixel of the mirror image, (c) determining in each case a difference value which represents a measure of the difference between grey value of the image point and the grey value of the corresponding image point of the mirror image, (d) summing up all the difference values determined in this way, (e) producing at least one further mirror image by moving the mirror image produced in step (a) in a direction perpendicular to the mirror axis, and (f) repeating steps (b) to (d) using the at least one further mirror image, wherein the respective sums produced in step (d) are compared and the minimum of the sums determines the asymmetry measure for the image concerned.
5. The component conveying device according to claim 1, said device being arranged to perform the following steps: (i) acquiring a first image with the first imaging unit; (ii) determining the asymmetry measure of the first image by the analysis unit; (iii) adjusting one of the conveying instruments relative to the other conveying instrument in a first direction by the adjusting unit; (iv) acquiring a second image with the first imaging unit; (v) determining the asymmetry measure of the second image by the analysis unit; (vi) comparing the asymmetry measure of the second image with the asymmetry measure of the first image by the analysis unit; (vii) if the asymmetry measure of the second image is smaller than the asymmetry measure of the first image further moving the one conveying instrument with respect to the respective other conveying instrument in the first direction by the adjusting unit; and if the asymmetry measure of the second image is greater than or equal to the asymmetry measure of the first image moving one conveying instrument with respect to the other conveying instrument in a second direction opposite to the first direction by the adjusting unit.
6. The component conveying device according to claim 5, said device being arranged for subsequently carrying out the following further steps: (viii) acquiring a third image with the first imaging unit; (ix) determining the asymmetry measure of the third image by the analysis unit; (x) comparing the asymmetry measure of the third image with the asymmetry measure of the second image by the analysis unit; (xi) if the asymmetry measure of the third image is smaller than the asymmetry measure of the second image: further moving the one conveying instrument with respect to the respective other conveying instrument in the direction of the last moving by the adjusting unit; and if the asymmetry measure of the third image is greater than or equal to the asymmetry measure of the second image: moving one conveying instrument with respect to the other conveying instrument concerned in the opposite direction to the direction of the last movement by the adjusting unit.
7. The component conveying device according to claim 1, wherein the first conveying instrument and/or the second conveying instrument is formed by a pipette or an ejector or a pick-up having a suction contact point.
8. The component conveying device according to claim 2, wherein the first conveying instrument and/or the second conveying instrument is part of a conveying apparatus which is mounted so as to be linearly movable along an axis and/or rotatable about an axis of rotation, which is mounted so as to be linearly movable along an axis and/or rotatable about an axis of rotation, wherein by means of a presetting movement of the conveying apparatus along the axis or about the axis of rotation the respective conveying instrument can be moved into a transfer position provided for the transfer of the component along the transfer path; wherein the adjusting unit is adapted to move the respective conveying instrument along the axis and/or to rotate about the axis of rotation for adjusting the transfer position of the respective conveying instrument.
9. The component conveying device according to claim 7, wherein the first conveying instrument is a turning device on a linear axis.
10. The component conveying device according to claim 1, wherein the adjustment axis makes an angle with a main axis of the first conveying instrument which is between 70° and 110°.
11. The component conveying device according to claim 1, wherein a direction from the first imaging unit to the transfer location includes an angle with a main axis of the first conveying instrument that is between 70° and 110°.
12. The component conveying device according to claim 1, further comprising a second imaging unit adapted to capture at least one image of the transfer location, which in a first portion of the at least one image captured by the second imaging unit shows at least one end region of the first conveying instrument and in a second portion of the at least one image captured by the second imaging unit shows at least one end region of the second conveying instrument, wherein a direction from the second imaging unit to the transfer location differs from a direction from the first imaging unit to the transfer location.
13. The component conveying device according to claim 12, wherein the analysis unit is further adapted to analyze the at least one image captured by the second imaging unit and determine a further asymmetry measure between the end region of the first conveying instrument and the end region of the second conveying instrument; wherein the adjusting unit is arranged to adjust at least one of the conveying instruments relative to the respective other conveying instrument along or about a further adjustment axis in dependence on the determined further measure of asymmetry.
14. A method for using a component conveying device having a first conveying instrument for conveying a component and a second conveying instrument for conveying the component, wherein the first conveying instrument is configured to transfer the component to the second conveying instrument at a transfer location, comprising the steps: (ii) acquiring a first image of the transfer location with an imaging unit; (iii) determining an asymmetry measure of the first image by a unit analysis; (iv) adjusting one of the conveying instruments relative to the other conveying instrument in a first direction by means of a setting unit; (v) acquiring a second image of the transfer location with the imaging unit; (vi) determining an asymmetry measure of the second image by the unit analysis; (vii) comparing the asymmetry measure of the second image with the asymmetry measure of the first image by the analysis unit; (viii) wherein if the asymmetry measure of the second image is smaller than the asymmetry measure of the first image further adjusting the one conveying instrument with respect to the respective other conveying instrument in the first direction by the adjusting unit; and (ix) if the asymmetry measure of the second image is greater than or equal to the asymmetry measure of the first image: (x) adjusting one of the conveying instruments relative to the other conveying instrument in a second direction opposite to the first direction by the adjusting unit.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0064] Further features, characteristics, advantages and possible variations will become clear to a person skilled in the art from the following description, in which reference is made to the accompanying drawings. In this respect, the figures schematically show variants of a component conveying instrument, without limiting the variants of the described device to the latter.
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0072]
[0073] The transfer the component at a transfer location ÜS along an intended transfer path W to the second conveying instrument F2. In this case, the first conveying instrument F1 has a main axis H.sub.0 along which at least a section of the intended transfer path W runs.
[0074] The first conveying instrument 101 is a turning device which is mounted movably relative to a housing (not shown in
[0075] The first conveying instrument 101 further comprises another conveying instrument arranged opposite the first conveying instrument F1 with respect to the y-axis. In a variant not shown, the first conveying instrument 101 comprises more than two conveying instruments, for example four or eight corresponding conveying instruments arranged uniformly around the y-axis.
[0076] By rotating the first conveying instrument 101 about the y-axis, the first conveying instrument F1 is rotated about the y-axis so that it can be brought into different positions. Thereby, a transfer position, outlined in
[0077] The second conveying instrument 102 is a linear axis that is mounted for movement relative to the housing, such that it can be moved along the y-axis and along the x-axis by the controller. By moving the second conveying instrument 102 along the x-axis and/or along the y-axis, the second conveying instrument F2 is moved to different positions. A transfer position, outlined in
[0078] For a safe transfer of the component from the first conveying instrument F1 to the second conveying instrument F2, an exact alignment of the first conveying instrument F1 and the second conveying instrument F2 is required. Otherwise, there is a risk that the component will fall during the transfer.
[0079] For this purpose, the component conveying instrument 100 further comprises an adjustment unit with which one of the two conveying instruments F1, F2 can be set or adjusted relative to the respective other conveying instrument along at least one or around at least one adjustment axis. For adjustment, the two conveying instruments F1, F2 are accordingly first brought into their respective transfer position by presetting. Subsequently, a fine adjustment or adjustment of the mutual alignment of the two conveying instruments F1, F2 is carried out with the aid of the adjustment unit.
[0080] In other words, the adjusting device is used to adjust at least one of the two transfer positions so that the two conveying instruments F1, F2 are thereby precisely aligned with each other. In the example shown, the transfer position of the first conveying instrument F1 can be adjusted or set with the adjusting unit by moving the first conveying instrument 101 along the y-axis or by rotating the first conveying instrument 101 about the y-axis. The transfer position of the second conveying instrument F2 can be adjusted with the adjusting unit by moving the second conveying instrument 102 along the x-axis and/or by moving the second conveying instrument 102 along the y-axis.
[0081] Further, the second conveying instrument 102 may also be moved along the z-axis by the controller.
[0082] In a variant not shown, the second conveying instrument 102 is designed as a further turning device which corresponds in structure to the first-mentioned turning device, but the axis of rotation of the further turning device encloses an angle of more than 0° with the axis of rotation of the first-mentioned turning device, i.e. the y-axis. In one variant, the axis of rotation of the further turning device is the x-axis. In a further variant not shown, the axis of rotation of the first reversing device and the second reversing device is the y-axis.
[0083] Furthermore, the component conveying instrument 100 has an imaging unit K1 which is set up to record at least one image of the transfer location ÜS, sketched by way of example in
[0084] Furthermore, the component conveying instrument 100 has an—analysis unit, coupled to the adjustment unit, for analyzing the at least one image, which analysis unit is set up to determine, for the at least one image, a measure of an asymmetry between the end region E1 of the first conveying instrument F1 and the end region E2 of the second conveying instrument F2—in short, an asymmetry-measure. The adjustment unit is set up to adjust the first conveyor instrument F1 relative to the second conveying instrument F2 along the adjustment axis—in this case the y-axis—as a function of the determined asymmetry measure.
[0085] The following describes the steps for setting or adjusting the—mutual alignment of the two conveying instruments F1, F2.
[0086] After the two conveying instruments F1, F2 have been brought into their respective transfer positions by moving the two conveying instruments 101, 102 accordingly, the following steps are carried out in the order indicated: [0087] (i) acquiring a first image with the imaging unit K1, [0088] (ii) determining the asymmetry measure of the first image by the analysis unit; [0089] (iii) adjusting one of the two conveying instruments, here exemplarily the second conveying instrument F2 with respect to the respective other conveying instrument F1 in a first direction, here exemplarily the y-direction by the adjusting unit; [0090] (iv) acquiring a second image with the imaging unit K1, [0091] (v) determining the asymmetry measure of the second image by the analysis unit; [0092] (vi) comparing the asymmetry measure of the second image with the asymmetry measure of the first image by the analysis unit; [0093] (vii) of the asymmetry measure of the second image is smaller than the asymmetry measure of the first image: further adjustment of the second conveying instrument F2 relative to the first conveying instrument F1 in the y-direction by the adjusting unit; and if the asymmetry measure of the second image is greater than or equal to the asymmetry measure of the first image: adjustment of the second conveying instrument F2 relative to the first conveying instrument F1 in a second direction opposite to the y-direction, i.e. in the “−y” direction, by the adjusting unit.
[0094] In this way, the second conveying instrument F2 is brought closer to the desired aligned orientation.
[0095] The steps can then be repeated using additional images until a desired precision of mutual alignment of the two conveying instruments F1, F2 is achieved.
[0096] If the first conveying instrument F1 is adjusted in relation to the second conveying instrument F2, the result is completely analogous.
[0097] In
[0098] On the left side of
[0099] After acquiring the first image B1 in step (i) above, the associated asymmetry measure for the first image B1 is determined in step (ii), referred to herein as the first asymmetry measure A1. The manner in which an asymmetry measure for an image is determined is discussed in more detail below.
[0100] In step (iii), starting from the start situation shown in
[0101] Then, in step (v), the second asymmetry measure A2 is determined for the second image B2 in a corresponding manner.
[0102] In step (vi), the first asymmetry measure A1 and the second asymmetry measure A2 are then compared. In the example shown—as will be—explained in more detail below—the second asymmetry measure A2 is the same size as the first asymmetry measure A1.
[0103] In step (vii), two cases are distinguished. If the second asymmetry measure A2 is greater than or equal to the first asymmetry measure A1, that is, if, as here, the case A2≥A1 holds, in a next step, the second conveying instrument F2 is adjusted in the opposite direction. Thus, the situation outlined in
[0104]
[0105] However, if it is determined in step S05 that the symmetry has improved, another adjustment in the same direction is performed in step S07. After performing step S07, an image is again acquired in step S08 and the corresponding asymmetry measure is determined. Then, in step S09, it is again determined whether the most recently determined asymmetry measure has decreased in comparison with the asymmetry measure determined immediately before. In other words, in step S09, it is inquired whether the symmetry has improved by the last adjustment. If the symmetry has improved, it goes back to step S07 and another adjustment is again made in the same direction. If it is determined in step S09 that the symmetry has not improved, an adjustment is made in the opposite direction in step S10, using a now smaller adjustment dimension.
[0106] In step S11, an image is again acquired and the associated asymmetry measure is determined. In step S12, it is determined again whether the last determined asymmetry measure has decreased in comparison to the asymmetry measure determined immediately before. If yes, it goes back to step S10 and a further adjustment is made. If no, using the imaging unit K1 is completed at step S13. The determined adjustment values are stored in a memory coupled to the control unit. In a subsequent use of the component conveying instrument 100, the setting values can be used by the controller and the setting unit when the two conveying instruments F1, F2 are moved to their transfer positions by appropriately moving the conveying instruments 101, 102.
[0107] The following describes how, according to a first example, the asymmetry measure for an image is determined by the analysis unit.
[0108] The analysis unit is set up to use a mirror axis SA for determining the asymmetry dimension, which—as sketched in
[0109] Referring now to
[0110] The first image B1 is composed of many pixels B.sub.1, B.sub.2, B.sub.3, . . . , each pixel having a certain grey value. In
[0111] In a step (a), for each pixel B.sub.1, B.sub.2, B.sub.3, . . . B.sub.160 above the mirror axis SA, the respective grey value is detected.
[0112] In step (b), for each of these pixels B.sub.1, B.sub.2, B.sub.3, . . . B.sub.160, a mirrored pixel B.sub.1′, B.sub.2′, B.sub.3′, . . . B.sub.160′ is determined using the mirror axis SA and its grey value is detected. The mirrored pixels B.sub.1′, B.sub.2′, B.sub.3′, . . . B.sub.160′ are accordingly located below the mirror axis SA.
[0113] In step (c), a difference value Δ.sub.1, Δ.sub.2, Δ.sub.3, . . . Δ.sub.160 is determined for each of the pixels B.sub.1, B.sub.2, B.sub.3, . . . B.sub.160, respectively, by forming a difference between the grey value of the pixel B.sub.i in question and the grey value of the pixel B.sub.i′ in question which is mirrored, and then squaring the difference. The difference values Δ.sub.i thus obtained are indicated on the right in
[0114] In step (d), all the difference values Δ.sub.1, Δ.sub.2, Δ.sub.3, . . . Δ.sub.160 determined in this way are added up. In the example shown in
[0115] Here, the sum ΣΔ.sub.i formed in step (d) is selected as the asymmetry measure to the image in question. Thus, the asymmetry measure A1 of the first image B1 shown in
[0116] In the sixth image B6 shown in
[0117] In
[0118] According to a second example, the asymmetry measure may be determined using a mirror axis coinciding with the intended transfer path W, that is, with the major axis H of .sub.0the first conveying instrument F1.
[0119] As can be seen from a plausibility consideration based on
[0120] Therefore, the above calculation steps can also be carried out in an analogous manner in this case.
[0121] According to a third example, the asymmetry measure can be determined by the following steps [0122] (a) A mirror image is created for the image in question, which is generated by a reflection about a mirror axis parallel to the path of motion W, [0123] (b) for each pixel of the image and the corresponding pixel of the mirror image the grey values are recorded, [0124] (c) then a difference value is determined in each case, which represents a measure of the difference between the grey value of the pixel and the grey value of the corresponding pixel of the mirror image, [0125] (d) all difference values determined in this way are added up, [0126] (e) Subsequently, starting from the image, at least one further mirror image is generated using at least one further mirror axis which is offset perpendicularly to the first-mentioned mirror axis, [0127] (f) Steps (a) to (d) are then repeated using the at least one further mirror image.
[0128] Then, the respective sums created in step (d) are compared and the mini mum of the sums is used as the asymmetry measure to the image in question.
[0129] The more mirror images are used, in general, a greater accuracy can be achieved.
[0130] An advantage of the method described herein is that the adjustment by the adjusting unit can also be carried out in the case of differently shaped conveying instruments, as exemplarily outlined in
[0131] The variants of the device described above, as well as the structural and operational aspects thereof, are merely intended to provide a better understanding of the structure, operation and characteristics; they do not limit the disclosure to the variants. The figures are partially schematic, with essential features and effects sometimes shown in significantly enlarged form, in order to clarify the functions, operating principles, technical variants and features. In this regard, any—mode of operation, principle, technical variant and feature disclosed in the FIGS. or in the text may be freely and arbitrarily combined with any claim, feature in the text and in the other FIGS., other modes of operation, principles, technical variants and features contained in or resulting from the present disclosure, so that all conceivable combinations are attributable to the described method of operation. Combinations between all individual variants in the text, i.e. in each section of the description, in the claims and also combinations between different variants in the text, in the claims and in the FIGS. are also included. Also, the claims do not limit the disclosure and thus the combinations of all disclosed features with each other. All disclosed features are also explicitly disclosed herein individually and in combination with all other features.