DEVICE AND METHOD FOR MEASUREMENT OF DISPERSED OBJECTS USING FLUORESCENT AND NON-FLUORESCENT IMAGING WITH LASER

Abstract

Measuring devices and methods are described for generating microscopic fluorescence and excitation light images of dispersed objects in liquid or gas, and for analyzing the images to determine the volume fractions of dispersed objects and distinguish different types of objects by comparing the images.

Claims

1-15. (canceled)

16. A measurement device for determining the amount of dispersed objects in a liquid or a gas, distinguishing the types of dispersed objects, and determining the distribution of object sizes, comprising, a laser source, a probe, said probe further comprising an objective and a dichromatic mirror, a fiber optic cable, said fiber optic cable configured to transmit laser light from laser source to said probe, a first camera, an image processing unit, said image processing unit configured to receive information from said first camera, a human machine interface.

17. The measurement device of claim 16 wherein the laser source is a pulsed laser.

18. The measurement device of claim 16 wherein the laser source is a continuous wave laser.

19. The measurement device of claim 17 further comprising a second camera wherein said first camera is positioned to capture fluorescence images and said second camera is positioned to capture excitation light images and said image processing unit configured to receive information from said second camera.

20. The measurement device of claim 19 further comprising a beam splitter, said beam splitter configured to direct excitation light from the liquid or gas to said second camera.

21. The measurement device of claim 19 further comprising a lens configured to focus transmitted excitation light to said second camera.

22. The measurement device of claim 18 further comprising a second camera wherein said first camera is positioned to capture fluorescence images and said second camera is positioned to capture excitation light images and said image processing unit configured to receive information from said second camera.

23. The measurement device of claim 22 further comprising a beam splitter, said beam splitter configured to direct excitation light from the liquid or gas to said second camera.

24. The measurement device of claim 22 further comprising a lens configured to focus transmitted excitation light to said second camera.

25. A method for determining the amount of dispersed objects in a liquid or a gaseous fluid, distinguishing the types of dispersed objects, and determining the distribution of object sizes, comprising, illuminating the fluid with a laser light from a laser source, capturing fluorescence emissions from the laser illuminated fluid with a first camera, thereby generating fluorescence images, capturing excitation light from the illuminated fluid with a second camera, thereby generating excitation light images, analyzing the fluorescence images and excitation light images with an image processing unit, repeating the sequence of illuminating, capturing, and analyzing steps at a predetermined time interval, statistically analyzing the accumulated results from the repeated illuminating, capturing, and analyzing steps wherein the types of dispersed objects are distinguished and their respective distributions of object sizes determined.

26. The method of claim 25 wherein a pulsed laser illuminates the fluid in the illuminating step.

27. The method of claim 26 wherein the excitation light from the illuminated fluid is captured by the second camera by means of a beam splitter.

28. The method of claim 26 wherein transmitted excitation light from the illuminated fluid is focused through a lens, said lens directing the excitation light to said second camera.

29. The method of claim 25 wherein a continuous wave laser illuminates the fluid in the illuminating step.

30. The method of claim 29 wherein the excitation light from the illuminated fluid is captured by the second camera by means of a beam splitter.

31. The method of claim 30 wherein the excitation light from the illuminated fluid is captured by the second camera by means of a beam splitter.

32. The method of claim 30 wherein transmitted excitation light from the illuminated fluid is focused through a lens, said lens directing the excitation light to said second camera.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWING(S)

[0012] FIG. 1 A Configuration for Fluorescence and Reflected Excitation Light Images

[0013] FIG. 2 A configuration such that the excitation light can be used to form transmitted light images

[0014] FIG. 3 A configuration for taking transmitted excitation fight images simultaneously with the fluorescence images

[0015] FIG. 4 A configuration for taking transmitted excitation fight images simultaneously with the fluorescence images

REFERENCE NUMERALS USED IN THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] 101 A conduit containing the mixture of the dispersed objects to be measured and the flowing carrier fluid

[0017] 102 An imaging probe inserted into the mixture (FIG. 1)

[0018] 103 A laser source

[0019] 104 A fiber optic cable transmitting the laser from laser source 103 to probe 102

[0020] 105 A camera capturing images of the dispersed objects with the fluorescence emitted by the objects

[0021] 106 A camera capturing images of the dispersed objects with the laser light reflected by the objects

[0022] 107 Power and data cables for controlling the cameras and downloading the images captured

[0023] 108 An image processing unit, which is a computer at the site or at a remote location

[0024] 109 A human-machine interface device for the user to control the device and to obtain the measurement results and other information from the device

[0025] 201 An optical connector and beam expander assembly to prepare the laser light into the appropriate beam size

[0026] 202 Excitation laser light

[0027] 203 A beam splitter which both reflects light and transmits light

[0028] 204 A dichromatic mirror

[0029] 205 A microscopic objective

[0030] 206 One of the dispersed objects to be measured

[0031] 207 Fluorescence light emitted by the object 206

[0032] 208 Light reflected by the object 206

[0033] 209 Lens for the fluorescence image camera

[0034] 210 Sensor to capture the fluorescence image

[0035] 211 Lens for the excitation light image camera

[0036] 212 Sensor to capture the excitation light image camera

[0037] 302 Probe (FIG. 3)

[0038] 306 Transmitted light (FIG. 4)

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Configuration For Fluorescence and Reflected Excitation Light Images

[0039] A preferred configuration of the device and method is to take fluorescence and reflected excitation light images. The configuration is illustrated in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2. Probe 102 for acquiring images of the objects to be measured is inserted into the pipe 101 which contains liquid or gas flowing in the direction of the arrow. The mixture of the liquid or gas, and the dispersed droplets, are illuminated with pulsed laser from laser source 103. The laser light is also referred to as the excitation light in the description of the present invention. The probe contains a microscopic objective and other optical components for separating the fluorescent light induced by the laser and the reflected excitation light. The images are captured by cameras 105 and 106, analyzed by computer 108 and reported to the user through an interface 109.

Configuration For Fluorescence and Transmitted Excitation Light Images

[0040] In an alternative configuration as shown in FIG. 2 probe 302 is configured so that the excitation light can be used to form transmitted light images, which can be analyzed using the same approach as for reflected light images above.

[0041] FIGS. 3 and 4 illustrate a configuration for taking transmitted excitation light images simultaneously with the fluorescence images. The configuration is the similar to that for simultaneous fluorescence and reflected excitation light images. Camera 106 is positioned to the side opposite of object 206 with respect to objective 205. Lens 211 focuses transmitted light 308 onto the image sensor 212. The fluorescence images which are captured by camera 105 in this configuration are acquired in essentially the same manner as described for the configuration illustrated in FIG. 2.

Variations of Configuration

[0042] The configuration can be varied for different applications without changing the principles of the invention. In one variation, the dispersed objects 205 move in vacuum confined by conduit 101, or in a larger space where probe 102 and 302 are fixed.

[0043] In another configuration, the dispersed objects 206 are moved by conveyer belt or other non-flow mechanical devices.

[0044] In yet another configuration, the liquid or was carrying the dispersed objects are in a large space not confined by conduit 101. For example, the carrier fluid is ocean water or atmosphere. The device is moved by a vehicle, with the optical end Probe 102 or 302 immersed in the fluid. The concentration of the dispersed objects are measured with the relative motion of the probe and the mixture of the fluid and dispersed objects.

[0045] In another configuration, the illumination laser light source is changed to a continuous wave laser. Imaging blurring is prevented by using the cameras with sufficiently high imaging frame rate or sufficiently short shutter time.

[0046] The above has disclosed the specifics of the present invention to measure dispersed objects in liquid or gas. It should be apparent to those skilled in the art that many other variations and modifications are possible which are within the spirit of the disclosed invention.