Intravascular heat exchange catheter with non-round coiled coolant path

Abstract

A catheter has a hollow conduit through which working fluid from a heat exchange system flows. The conduit in turn is configured to extend along a longitudinal central axis in a continuously varying non-constant azimuthal orientation so that it defines a non-round enclosed passageway through which blood can flow to exchange heat through a wall of the conduit with the working fluid flowing within the conduit.

Claims

1. A catheter, comprising: a proximal segment configured to receive and return working fluid to a heat exchange system through supply and return lumens, respectively; and a distal segment communicating with the proximal segment and configured to circulate working fluid therewith, the distal segment defining a supply conduit and a return conduit joining each other at distal junction, at least a first one of the conduits configured for conveying all fluid flowing therethrough along a non-round coiled path and a second one of the conduits being straight, wherein the non-round path defines a triangle when viewed in transverse.

2. The catheter of claim 1, wherein the supply conduit is configured for conveying all fluid flowing therethrough along a non-round coiled path.

3. The catheter of claim 1, wherein the return conduit is configured for conveying all fluid flowing therethrough along a non-round coiled path.

4. The catheter of claim 1, wherein the non-round path is established by intravascular balloon material.

5. The catheter of claim 1, wherein the coiled path extends continuously along a longitudinal axis albeit with varying angles of extension.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example catheter engaged with an example heat exchange system;

(2) FIG. 2 shows an example heat exchange region which when viewed transversely appears to be rectangular;

(3) FIG. 3 is a cross-section taken along the line 3-3 in FIG. 2 illustrating that the heat exchange region when viewed transversely appears to be rectangular, with only a portion of the region being cross-hatched since remaining portions extend proximally or distally away from the point of cross-section;

(4) FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of another example heat exchange region which when viewed transversely appears to be triangular; and

(5) FIG. 5 is a cross-section taken along the line 5-5 in FIG. 4 illustrating that the heat exchange region when viewed transversely appears to be triangular, with only a portion of the region being cross-hatched since remaining portions extend proximally or distally away from the point of cross-section.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

(6) Referring initially to FIG. 1, an intravascular temperature management catheter 10 is in fluid communication with a catheter temperature control system 12 that includes a processor executing logic that in some non-limiting examples is in accordance with disclosure in the above-referenced system patents to control the temperature of working fluid circulating through the catheter 10 in accordance with a treatment paradigm responsive to patient core temperature feedback signals. In accordance with present principles, the catheter 10 can be used to induce therapeutic hypothermia in a patient 14 using the catheter, in which coolant such as but not limited to saline circulates in a closed loop, such that no coolant enters the body. Such treatment may be indicated for stroke, cardiac arrest (post-resuscitation), acute myocardial infarction, spinal injury, and traumatic brain injury. The catheter 10 can also be used to warm a patient, e.g., after bypass surgery or burn treatment, and to combat hyperthermia in, e.g., patient suffering from sub-arachnoid hemorrhage or intracerebral hemorrhage.

(7) As shown, working fluid such a refrigerant may be circulated between the heat exchange system 12 and catheter 10 through supply and return lines 16, 18 that connect to the proximal end of the catheter 10 as shown. Note that as used herein, “proximal” and “distal” in reference to the catheter are relative to the system 12. A patient temperature signal from a catheter-borne temperature sensor may be provided to the system 12 through an electrical line 20 or wirelessly if desired. Alternatively, a patient temperature signal may be provided to the system 12 from a separate esophageal probe or rectal probe or tympanic sensor or bladder probe or other temperature probe that measures the temperature of the patient 14.

(8) The catheter 10, in addition to interior supply and return lumens through which the working fluid is circulated, may also have one or more infusion lumens connectable to an IV component 22 such as a syringe or IV bag for infusing medicaments into the patient, or an instrument such as an oxygen or pressure monitor for monitoring patient parameters, etc.

(9) The catheter 10 can be positioned typically in the vasculature of the patient 14 and more preferably in the venous system of the patient 14 such as in the inferior vena cava through a groin insertion point or the superior vena cava through a neck (jugular or subclavian) insertion point.

(10) Referring to FIG. 2, the present catheter 10 has a proximal segment 100 configured to receive working fluid from and return working fluid to the heat exchange system 12 through supply and return lumens, 102, 104, respectively. Connected in fluid communication with the proximal segment 100 is a distal segment 106 configured to circulate working fluid to and from the proximal segment (and, hence, the heat exchange system 12). As shown in FIG. 2, the distal segment 106 when inflated with working fluid defines a supply conduit 108 and a return conduit 110, and in the example shown in FIG. 2 the supply conduit 108 is configured for conveying all fluid flowing therethrough along a non-round coiled path, it being understood that the roles of the conduits may be reversed. The supply and return conduits 108, 110 join each other at a distal junction 111.

(11) In the example of FIGS. 2 and 3, the non-round path of the supply conduit 108 defines a rectangle when viewed in transverse. In another example shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the non-round path defines a triangle when viewed in transverse. In either case, the non-round path can be established by intravascular balloon material and can extend continuously along a longitudinal axis albeit with varying angles of extension.

(12) Note that the tangent lines at various points on the conduit 108 do not establish a constant angle relative to the longitudinal axis defined by the conduit. In other words, the ratio of curvature of the conduit to torsion is not constant along the length of the conduit, but constantly varies along the length of the conduit.

(13) Blood may flow through the non-round passageway 112 as well as around the periphery of the supply conduit 108 when the catheter 10 is advanced into a patient and working fluid from the heat exchange system 12 is circulated through the catheter 10. The blood exchanges heat through the wall of the catheter with the working fluid flowing in the non-round coiled path defined by the supply conduit 108.

(14) While the particular INTRAVASCULAR HEAT EXCHANGE CATHETER WITH NON-ROUND COILED COOLANT PATH is herein shown and described in detail, it is to be understood that the subject matter which is encompassed by the present invention is limited only by the claims.