METHOD FOR PREPARING SOLID TRICHODERMA SEED FROM DIRECT FERMENTATION OF CROP STRAWS WITH TRICHODERMA, AND PRODUCT PREPARED BY USING THE SAME

Abstract

A method for preparing a solid Trichoderma seed from direct fermentation of crop straws with Trichoderma, and a product prepared by using the same. The method includes adding a liquid amino acid to the crop straws, adjusting the initial pH to 3.0-4.0, and inoculating a liquid Trichoderma seed for solid fermentation. An acidity that allows Trichoderma to grow and multiply rapidly and inhibits the growth of other non-target fungi is established in the material by adjusting its pH value, an optimum nutritional formula for Trichoderma is screened out, and an inexpensive proprietary process for preparing a solid Trichoderma seed through fermentation is established. 1% of the solid Trichoderma seed is added to a matured compost, which allows the density of Trichoderma spores in the Trichoderma amended bioorganic fertilizer to reach above 5×10.sup.7 spores/g, and the production increasing effect is considerable after the Trichoderma amended bioorganic fertilizer is applied.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a solid Trichoderma seed from direct fermentation of crop straws with Trichoderma, comprising adding an amino acid diluent to the crop straws, then adjusting the initial pH to 3.0-4.0, aging, and inoculating a liquid Trichoderma seed for solid fermentation, to obtain a solid Trichoderma seed, wherein the temperature in the fermentation chamber is 30±2° C., and the air humidity in the chamber is 65%±5%.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the initial pH is 3.0-3.5.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the amino acid diluent is obtained by diluting an amino acid hydrolyzate with water; and the amino acid hydrolyzate is prepared by (1) automatically smashing domestic fowl and livestock died of illness in a sealed vessel, automatically transferring all the solids and liquids to a sealed hydrolysis tank, and hydrolyzing for 2-5 hrs at an initial acid concentration c(½H.sub.2SO.sub.4) of 3-5 mol.Math.L.sup.−1 at 80-100° C. under 1-2 atmospheric pressure; and (2) after hydrolysis, cooling the solution in the hydrolysis tank to below 80° C., standing for layer separation, and collecting the middle-layer amino acid solution, that is, the amino acid hydrolyzate.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein based on the amino acid hydrolyzate, the amino acid diluent is added in an amount of 10-20 ml of the amino acid hydrolyzate per 100 g of sun dried straws.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein after being mixed, the crop straws and the amino acid diluent are aged for 6-24 hrs and then 10% (ml/100 g) of the liquid Trichoderma seed is inoculated, to obtain a piled-up mass having a water content of 60-70%.

6. The method according to claim 1, 4 or 5, wherein the crop straws are corn straws.

7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the concentration of Trichoderma in the liquid Trichoderma seed is 10.sup.8 cfu/ml.

8. A solid Trichoderma seed prepared according to the method as set forth claim 1.

9. A method of using the solid Trichoderma seed according to claim 8 in the production of bioorganic fertilizers.

10. A bioorganic fertilizer containing Trichoderma, obtainable by adding 1% of the solid Trichoderma seed according to claim 8 to a matured compost.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] FIG. 1 shows results from fermentation with Trichoderma after different liquids are added to the straws.

[0042] In FIG. 1, water blended+Trichoderma means that the straws are blended with water and then Trichoderma is inoculated; ammonium sulfate blended+Trichoderma means that the straws are blended with an aqueous ammonium sulfate solution and then Trichoderma is inoculated; and amino acid blended+Trichoderma means that the straws are blended with an amino acid diluent and then Trichoderma is inoculated.

[0043] Information about deposit of sample of biological material

[0044] SQR-T037, taxonomically designated as Trichoderma harzianum, is deposited on Sep. 22, 2009 in China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC) (Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Datun, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China, 100101) under CGMCC Accession No. 3308.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The technical solution of the present invention is described with Trichoderma harzianum SQR-T037 as an example; however, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Practically, effects comparable to that in Example 1 are obtained by the inventors through solid fermentation with a variety of self-isolated and commercially available Trichoderma strains following the method according to the present invention. In view of the requirement for sufficient disclosure of a patent, the fermentation method of the solid Trichoderma seed according to the present invention is described merely with Trichoderma harzianum SQR-T037 as an example.

Example 1

[0046] A method for preparing a solid Trichoderma seed from direct fermentation of crop straws with Trichoderma was provided. Amino acid diluent was added to sun dried corn straws with a size of 3 mm, a water content of 15%, and an organic carbon content of 66% in an amount of 200 ml of the amino acid diluent per 100 g of the sun dried straws (that is, 10 ml of an amino acid hydrolyzate was added per 100 g of the sun dried straws), adjusted to pH 3.5, and aged for 12 hrs. Then, a 10% liquid Trichoderma SQR-T037 seed was inoculated, to obtain a piled-up mass having a water content of 60-70%. The piled-up mass is subjected to solid fermentation, where the temperature in the fermentation chamber was 30±2° C., and the air humidity in the chamber was 65%±5%. After 9-day fermentation, a solid Trichoderma seed was obtained, in which the Trichoderma density was 5.8×10.sup.9 cells/g, and the non-target fungi density was 5.1×10.sup.6 cells/g.

Example 2

[0047] To a matured pig manure compost, 1% of the solid Trichoderma seed prepared following the method according to the present invention was added for solid fermentation, during which the piled-up mass was stirred 1-2 times every day, such that the temperature during solid fermentation was not higher than 60° C. The fermentation was completed after 6-7 days, to obtain a Trichoderma amended bioorganic fertilizer. The field bioefficacy tests on Chinese cabbage were carried out in Nanjing and Nantong, Jiangsu respectively. The field bioefficacy test results show that in the case of equivalent nutrient input, the production is increased by 23.4% and by 9.3% in a yellow-brown-soil vegetable field in Nanjing treated with the Trichoderma amended bioorganic fertilizer vs a chemical fertilizer and an amino acid organic fertilizer (see Table 5); and the production is increased by 5.6% and by 10.5% in a slightly salinizated soil in Binhai, Nantong treated with the Trichoderma amended bioorganic fertilizer vs a chemical fertilizer and an amino acid organic fertilizer (see Table 6). The field bioefficacy test results suggest that the production increasing effect of the Trichoderma amended bioorganic fertilizer is significant than that of chemical fertilizer, which sets a material base for the generalization of the Trichoderma amended bioorganic fertilizer.

TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 Effect of application of Trichoderma amended bioorganic fertilizer on the production of Chinese cabbage (Nanjing Institute of vegetable science, Hengxi, Nanjing, 2015) Rate of production Rate of production increase compared increase compared with amino acid Treat- Average with chemical organic ment (kg/mu) fertilizer (%) fertilizer (%) CF 7417.3 ± 747.3 — — OF 8368.4 ± 562.0 12.8 — BIO 9149.6 ± 336.6 23.4 9.3 CF: Applied with chemical fertilizer OF: Applied with amino acid organic fertilizer, which is equivalent to the chemical treatment in nutrients BIO: Applied with Trichoderma amended bioorganic fertilizer, which is equivalent to the chemical treatment in nutrients

TABLE-US-00006 TABLE 6 Effect of application of Trichoderma amended bioorganic fertilizer on the production of Chinese cabbage (Haian, Nantong, 2015) Rate of Rate of Rate of production production production increase increase increase compared compared compared with amino Treat- Average with fertilizer with chemical acid organic ment (kg/mu) naïve (%) fertilizer (%) fertilizer (%) CK 8852 ± 63.3  — — — CF 9442 ± 182.8 6.7 — — OF 9029 ± 158.3 2.0 −4.4 — BIO 9973 ± 182.8 12.7 5.6 10.5 CK: blank without fertilizer applied CF: Applied with chemical fertilizer OF: Applied with amino acid organic fertilizer, which is equivalent to the chemical treatment in nutrients BIO: Applied with Trichoderma amended bioorganic fertilizer, which is equivalent to the chemical treatment in nutrients