ANTIMICROBIAL AGENT FOR THE BIOCIDAL FINISH OF POLYMERS

Abstract

An antimicrobial agent for the biocidal finish of polymers based on biocides is described, whose molecules have at least one nitrogen atom with a free electron pair. In order to achieve an extensive insolubility without loss of the biocidal effect, it is proposed that the biocide is coordinatively bound to a metal complex via the free electron pair of the nitrogen atom.

Claims

1. Antimicrobial agent for the biocidal finish of polymers based on biocides, whose molecules have at least one nitrogen atom with a free electron pair, wherein the biocide is coordinatively bound to a metal complex via the free electron pair of the nitrogen atom.

2. The antimicrobial agent according to claim 1, wherein the biocide is an imidazole, benimidazole, oxazole, isoxazole, ozadiazole, biguanide, triazole, isothiazole, pyrimidine or a pyridine.

3. The antimicrobial agent according to claim 1, wherein the metal complex is a phthalocyanine with copper, zinc, tin, iron or cobalt as central atom, porphyrine with magnesium, copper or iron as central atom or a corrole with copper, zinc, iron, gold, silver, vanadium, molybdenum or cobalt as central atom.

4. The antimicrobial agent according to claim 2, wherein a phthalocyanine with copper as central atom is coordinatively bound with a polyaminopropyl biguanide, a polyhexamethylene biguanide or a polyoxyalkylene biguanide.

5. The antimicrobial agent according to claim 2, wherein a porphyrine with magnesium or copper as central atom is coordinatively bound with an imidazole or a benzimidazole.

6. The antimicrobial agent according to claim 2, wherein a porphryine with iron as central atom is coordinatively bound with a hexamethylene bis(p-chlorophenyl) biguanide, an oxazole, isoxazole or oxadiazole or a 2-mercaptopyridine nitrogen oxide.

7. Workpiece made of a polymer, in particular of a foam, wherein the workpiece is finished with an antimicrobial agent according to claim 1.

Description

EXAMPLE 1

[0013] Phthalocyanine with copper as central atom (CuPhthC) occurs in a total of 11 stereo-specific configurations of which the α, β and ε variants are used technically. Purely visually they are distinguished by different blue shades: [0014] α red-tinged blue, thermally not very stable [0015] β green-tinged blue, thermally highly stable [0016] ε strongly red-tinged blue, chemically unstable, less reactive than α and β so that only the ε variant is used according to the invention.

[0017] 57.6 g (0.1 mol) of CuPhthC is suspended in 200 ml of dimethyl formamide (DMF) and mixed under heat (60° C.) with 1300 g (0.1 mol) of polyhexamethylene biguanide (polyhexanide), relative mass M.sub.r=1298, dissolved in 1800 ml of H.sub.2O and agitated for 2 hours. The red-tinged component very rapidly loses its colour, the suspension becomes significantly more viscous.

[0018] After filtration and drying the product obtained, 1216 g of the coordination compound 1 mol CuPhthC+1 mol polyhexanide was obtained as an azure blue colour.

EXAMPLE 2

[0019] 73 g (0.1 mol) of a copper-containing chlorophylline (CuChloroph) available commercially as E141—natural green (food colouring) was partially dissolved, partially suspended in 250 ml of water and mixed with 20.3 g (0.1 mol) of 2-(4-thiazolyl)benzimidazole (“thiobendazole”) and the green suspension was agitated for 30 minutes at room temperature. The shade was significantly more intense and yellow-tinged. After isolation, 85.4 g of the coordination component 1 mol CuChloroph 1 mol thiobendazole was obtained as a greenish yellow colour.

EXAMPLE 3

[0020] 67 g (1 mol) of pyrrol was reflux-boiled with 92 g (1 mol) of 4-methylbenzaldehyde in 400 ml of methanol+20 ml conc. HCl in a nitrogen atmosphere for 1 hour, whereby a dark blue solution of tetratolyl porphyrine was spontaneously obtained. After adding 136 g (1 mol) of zinc chloride, a suspension of the porphyrine zinc complex was obtained. 282 g of 4,5-dichloro-2-octylisothiazolone (DCOIT) was then added and after a 1 hour agitating phase, the deep-blue coordination compound formed was extracted. After drying, 310 g of tetratolyl porphyrine/Zn/DCOIT coordination compound was obtained.

EXAMPLE 4

[0021] 6.52 g (0.01 mol) of hemin was dissolved in 250 ml of distilled H2O and mixed with 1.5 g (0.01 mol) of 2-pyridinthiol-1-oxide (pyrithione), sodium salt, whereupon a reddish brown precipitate of the predicted coordination compound 1 mol hemin+1 mol pyrithione was obtained. After the usual isolation, 7.4 g of the desired product was obtained.

[0022] The following examples are intended to show the biocidal effect when incorporated in a polyurethane foam.

EXAMPLE 5

[0023] 95 g of a trifunctional polypropylene glycol (OH number: 46), 3.4 g of H.sub.2O, 2.0 g of silicon stabilizer based on a polysiloxane polyethylene glycol copolymer and 1.5 g of 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) as foam catalyst dissolved in 3 g of tripropylene glycol are intensively mixed with 65 g of diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) having an NCO content of 29.5% corresponding to an NCO index of 103% and foamed within about 60 seconds to an elastic foam having a weight per unit volume RG=45 kg/m.sup.3. A part of this foam is used as a proof sample (zero sample).

EXAMPLE 6

[0024] Similar to Example 5 but with a 5% addition (0.85 g) of polyhexanide, M.sub.r=1300) relative to the total weight of 170 g. The foam obtained had a weight per unit volume RG=46 kg/m.sup.3.

EXAMPLE 7

[0025] Similar to Example 5 but with a 0.3%=0.50 g addition of thiabendazole relative to the total weight. The foam obtained had a weight per unit volume RG=45 kg/m.sup.3.

EXAMPLE 8

[0026] As Example 5 but with an addition of 0.45% of a CuPhtC/polyhexanide complex (corresponding to 0.5% polyhexanide from Example 1.

EXAMPLE 9

[0027] Similar to Example 5 but with an addition of 1.8% of a coordination complex from Example 2 (corresponding to 0.4% thiabendazole).

EXAMPLE 10

[0028] 105 g of the polyol mixture according to Example 5 is mixed intensively with 0.05 g of ε-copper phthalocyanine and 0.6 g of polyhexanide hydrogen chloride and after a waiting time of 15 minutes mixed with 65 g of methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) similar to Example 5 and foamed. The foam obtained had a weight per unit volume RG=46 kg/m.sup.3.

EXAMPLE 11

[0029] 95 g of a polyol mixture according to Example 5 is mixed homogeneously with 5.03 g of a finely dispersed mixture of 0.03 g of Cu-phthalocyanine in 5.0 g of the trifunctional base polypropylene glycol (OH number: 46) and 5.3 g of a finely dispersed mixture of 0.3 g of zinc pyrithione in 5.0 g of the same polypropylene glycol and foamed with 62.0 g of toluene diisocyanate in a known manner. A fine-pored open-cell foam having a weight per unit volume of 42 kg/m.sup.3 having biocidal properties according to Example 10 is obtained, where the biocidal properties were completely retained even after thirty washing cycles with water at 30° C. In a similar comparative foaming without Cu-phthalocyanine, the biocidal effect diminished to zero after just 6 washing cycles.

Test of the Biocidal Effect

[0030] Samples were prepared from the foams according to Examples 5 to 10 under otherwise the same conditions and the antimicrobial activity was determined according to the Japanese industrial standard JIS Z 2801:2000 by determining the reduction factor IR for Escherichia coli (gram positive) and Staphylococcus aureus (gram negative) after a period of a week. The results are summarized in the following table. In this case, the values of the original sample are compared with those of the samples after washing three times in water at a temperature of 60° C. (not eluted/eluted).

TABLE-US-00001 IR IR Escherichia coli Staphylococcus aureus Sample No. Not eluted Eluted Not eluted Eluted 5 0.3 −0.2 0.2 0.1 6 3.8 2.2 3.6 1.8 7 3.2 2.3 2.9 1.9 8 4.4 4.3 4.7 4.5 9 4.0 3.4 3.9 3.2 10 4.8 4.8 5.0 4.8

[0031] The low biocidal effect of the zero sample (No. 5) is attributed to the content of the tert. amine used as catalyst before elution.

[0032] A comparison of the reduction factor IR of Samples No. 8 to 10 according to the invention with the proof samples according to the prior art shows on the one hand the exceptional biocidal effect and on the other hand the good stability and insolubility of the coordination compounds which must be partly attributable to the chemical incorporation in the polyurethane matrix.

[0033] The examples were carried out with PUR soft foam but are naturally not restricted to cellular bodies nor to polyurethane. Comparative results were obtained with epoxy formulations for metal coatings.

[0034] When used in thermoplastics, in situ synthesis (according to Example 10) naturally cannot be used because of the lack of a temporary solvent. In this case, isolated coordination compounds (according to Examples 1 to 4) can be used, in which case the thermal stability (processing temperature usually >150-250° C.) should be checked in advance. Compared to this, the processing temperature for the aforementioned polyaddition plastics is a moderate 25-80° C.