Synergist for improving crop stress resistance and fertilizer absorption capacity

Abstract

The invention discloses a synergist for improving crop resistance and fertilizer absorption capacity. The synergist includes the following components by weight: 20-30 parts of an oyster shell powder, 20-30 parts of a water chestnut skin powder, 10-20 parts of a chinaberry bark powder, 10-20 parts of a magnetic material, 10-20 parts of an illite powder, 5-10 parts of a shiitake mushroom polysaccharide extract. The synergist can, on one hand, improve the resistance of crops, especially reducing the pests and diseases significantly, improving waterlogging and drought resistance; and, on the other hand, greatly reduce the use of fertilizers, especially nitrogen fertilizers, preventing soil compaction. It can also significantly increase the content of active polysaccharides, especially β-glucan in crops. In addition, the raw materials are readily available, the cost is low, and there are significant economic benefits.

Claims

1. A synergist for improving crop stress resistance and fertilizer absorption capacity, consisting of the following components by weight: 20-30 parts of an oyster shell powder, 20-30 parts of a water chestnut skin powder, 10-20 parts of a chinaberry bark powder, 10-20 parts of a magnetic material, 10-20 parts of an illite powder, and 5-10 parts of a shiitake mushroom extract, wherein the magnetic material is a mixture of a permanent ferrite powder and a magnetite powder, and the magnetite powder is Panzhihua vanadium-titanium magnetite; and wherein the shiitake mushroom extract is prepared by the following steps: freeze drying a raw material, crushing the raw material to 30 mesh at room temperature, adding water in an amount of 5-10 times the weight of the raw material, adding baking soda in an amount of 0.3% of the water, stirring, conducting an ultrasonication extraction for 2-3 hours, filtering to obtain a filtrate, concentrating the filtrate under reduced pressure, and freeze drying to obtain the shiitake mushroom extract.

2. A synergist for improving crop stress resistance and fertilizer absorption capacity, consisting of the following components by weight: 26 parts of the oyster shell powder, 23 parts of the water chestnut skin powder, 16 parts of the chinaberry bark powder, 15 parts of the magnetic material, 12 parts of the illite powder, and 8 parts of the shiitake mushroom extract.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE ILLUSTRATED EMBODIMENTS

(1) Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention.

Example 1

(2) A synergist for improving crop resistance and fertilizer absorption capacity includes the following components by weight: 30 parts of oyster shell powder, 20 parts of water chestnut skin powder, 20 parts of chinaberry bark powder, 10 parts of the magnetic material, 10 parts of the illite powder, and 10 parts of the shiitake mushroom polysaccharide extract.

(3) Among them, the magnetic material is a mixture of a permanent ferrite powder (purchased from Dongyang Hengdian Excellent Magnet Factory) and Panzhihua vanadium-titanium magnetite powder (from the Panzhihua vanadium-titanium magnetite deposit 15 km northeast of Panzhihua City, crushed to 50 mesh). The mass ratio of the permanent ferrite powder to the Panzhihua vanadium-titanium magnetite powder is 15:85.

(4) The shiitake mushroom polysaccharide extract is prepared as follows: taking the freeze-dried raw material, pulverizing it to 30 mesh at room temperature, adding water in an amount of 5-10 times the weight of the raw material, and adding baking soda in an amount of about 0.3% of the water mass, mixing well, conducting an ultrasonication extraction for 2-3 hours, filtering, distilling under reduced pressure, and freeze-drying to obtain the extract as a powder.

(5) The above materials are weighed and mixed uniformly to obtain “Synergist A.”

Example 2

(6) A synergist for improving crop resistance and fertilizer absorption capacity includes the following components by weight: 20 parts of oyster shell powder, 30 parts of water chestnut skin powder, 15 parts of chinaberry bark powder, 15 parts of the magnetic material, 15 parts of the illite powder, and 5 parts of the shiitake mushroom polysaccharide extract.

(7) Among them, the magnetic material is a mixture of a permanent ferrite powder (purchased from Dongyang Hengdian Excellent Magnet Factory) and Panzhihua vanadium-titanium magnetite powder (from the Panzhihua vanadium-titanium magnetite deposit 15 km northeast of Panzhihua City, crushed to 50 mesh). The mass ratio of the permanent ferrite powder to the Panzhihua vanadium-titanium magnetite powder is 15:85.

(8) The shiitake mushroom polysaccharide extract is prepared as follows: taking the freeze-dried raw material, pulverizing it to 30 mesh at room temperature, adding water in an amount of 5-10 times the weight of the raw material, and adding baking soda in an amount of about 0.3% of the water mass, mixing well, conducting an ultrasonication extraction for 2-3 hours, filtering, distilling under reduced pressure, and freeze-drying to obtain the extract as a powder.

(9) The above materials are weighed and mixed uniformly to obtain “Synergist B.”

Example 3

(10) A synergist for improving crop resistance and fertilizer absorption capacity includes the following components by weight: 26 parts of oyster shell powder, 23 parts of water chestnut skin powder, 16 parts of chinaberry bark powder, 15 parts of the magnetic material, 12 parts of the illite powder, and 8 parts of the shiitake mushroom polysaccharide extract.

(11) Among them, the magnetic material is a mixture of a permanent ferrite powder (purchased from Dongyang Hengdian Excellent Magnet Factory) and Panzhihua vanadium-titanium magnetite powder (from the Panzhihua vanadium-titanium magnetite deposit 15 km northeast of Panzhihua City, crushed to 50 mesh). The mass ratio of the permanent ferrite powder to the Panzhihua vanadium-titanium magnetite powder is 15:85.

(12) The shiitake mushroom polysaccharide extract is prepared as follows: taking the freeze-dried raw material, pulverizing it to 30 mesh at room temperature, adding water in an amount of 5-10 times the weight of the raw material, and adding baking soda in an amount of about 0.3% of the water mass, mixing well, conducting an ultrasonication extraction for 2-3 hours, filtering, distilling under reduced pressure, and freeze-drying to obtain the extract as a powder.

(13) The above materials are weighed and mixed uniformly to obtain “Synergist C.”

Example 4

(14) This example is a comparative example. Compared with Example 3, this example does not include oyster shell powder, i.e. the materials include 23 parts of water chestnut skin powder, 16 parts of chinaberry bark powder, 15 parts of magnetic material, 12 parts of illite powder, and 8 parts of the shiitake mushroom polysaccharide extract. The rest is the same as in Example 3. “Comparative Example A” is obtained.

Example 5

(15) This example is a comparative example. Compared with Example 3, this example does not include the water chestnut skin powder, that is, materials include 26 parts of oyster shell powder, 16 parts of chinaberry bark powder, 15 parts of magnetic material, 12 parts of illite powder, and 8 parts of the shiitake mushroom polysaccharide extract. The rest is the same as in Example 3. “Comparative Example B” is obtained.

Example 6

(16) This example is a comparative example. Compared with Example 3, this example does not include chinaberry bark powder, i.e. the materials include 26 parts of oyster shell powder, 23 parts of water chestnut skin powder, 15 parts of magnetic material, 12 parts of illite powder, and 8 parts of the shiitake mushroom polysaccharide extract. The rest is the same as in Example 3. “Comparative Example C” is obtained.

Example 7

(17) This example is a comparative example. Compared with Example 3, this example does not include magnetic material, i.e. the materials include 26 parts of oyster shell powder, 23 parts of water chestnut skin powder, 16 parts of chinaberry bark powder, 12 parts of illite powder, and 8 parts of the shiitake mushroom polysaccharide extract. The rest is the same as in Example 3. “Comparative Example D” is obtained.

Example 8

(18) This example is a comparative example. Compared with Example 3, this example does not include the shiitake mushroom polysaccharide extract, i.e. the materials include 26 parts of oyster shell powder, 23 parts of water chestnut skin powder, 16 parts of chinaberry bark powder, 15 parts of magnetic material, and 12 parts of illite powder. The rest is the same as in Example 3. “Comparative Example E” is obtained.

Example 9

(19) This example is a comparative example. Compared with Example 3, this example does not include illite powder, i.e. the materials include 26 parts of oyster shell powder, 23 parts of water chestnut skin powder, 16 parts of chinaberry bark powder, 15 parts of magnetic material, and 8 parts of the shiitake mushroom polysaccharide extract. The rest is the same as in Example 3. “Comparative Example F” is obtained.

Example 10

(20) In this example, planting rice was used as an example, and a test was performed in a paddy field in Pengzhou, Sichuan. Base fertilizer, tiller fertilizer, and ear fertilizer (including combined fertilizers including nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium etc.) are applied according to conventional methods, respectively. Parallel experiments were carried out on eight paddy fields with an area of about 1 mu each. In seven of the test fields, 15% of “Synergist C,” “Comparative Example A,” “Comparative Example B,” “Comparative Example C,” “Comparative Example D,” “Comparative Example E,” and “Comparative Example F” were added to the fertilizers applied each time. For the remaining paddy field, no regulator was added, proceed as usual, i.e., “Blank example.”

(21) TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Processing results of each experimental group Nitrogen fertilizer Pesticide Yield Amount Cost (kg) 1 Synergist C 11.0 kg  80 Chinese Yuan 580 kg 2 Comparative Example A 13.5 kg  90 Chinese Yuan 565 kg 3 Comparative Example B 15.0 kg  95 Chinese Yuan 560 kg 4 Comparative Example C 15.0 kg  85 Chinese Yuan 565 kg 5 Comparative Example D 16.0 kg 100 Chinese Yuan 560 kg 6 Comparative Example E 17.0 kg 105 Chinese Yuan 560 kg 7 Comparative Example F 16.5 kg 105 Chinese Yuan 560 kg 8 Blank Example 18.0 kg 110 Chinese Yuan 560 kg

(22) The pesticide type and application time are the same, but the amounts of pesticide used in different fields was different, which is converted into the fertilizer cost in the table.

(23) As shown in table 1, the synergist of the present invention has a significant synergistic effect, significantly reducing the amount of nitrogen fertilizer and pesticide used, and also increasing the production.

(24) After harvesting, the rice was dried, and the β-glucan in the rice was measured. The β-glucan content was measured separately.

(25) The detailed method:

(26) The sample was first pulverized to 35 mesh. 2 g of sample was weighed and placed in a 100 mL centrifuge tube. 10 mL of ethanol-water solution (50%, v/v) was added to the centrifuge tube, and 30 mL of sodium phosphate buffer solution (20 mM, PH 6.5) was then added and shaken well. The centrifuge tube was heated in boiling water for 5 minutes, shaken, and then heated for 3 more minutes and shaken to prevent the formation of gel pieces. After the centrifuge tube was cooled to 40° C., 2 mL of lichenase was added. After enzymolysis at 40° C. for 1 hour, 18 mL of water was added to adjust the volume to 60 mL. Then the mixture was centrifuged at 1000 r/min for 10 min, 1 mL of the supernatant was transferred to a glass test tube, 1 mL of 3-glucanase was added and hydrolyzed at 40° C. for 15 minutes, 3 mL of GOPOD reagent was added and reacted at 40° C. for 20 minutes. The absorbance value was then measured at 510 nm, and converted to a percentage content. The results are shown in Table 2.

(27) TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Contents of Total β-Glucan in Rice Obtained by Various Treatment Methods (%) Synergist Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Blank Groups C Example A Example B Example C Example D Example E Example F Example Contents 4.16 3.13 3.36 3.55 1.39 1.05 3.16 0.38