Torque-limiting return stop device

Abstract

A return stop device with a freewheel having an internal ring, an external ring, and retaining elements arranged in an annular gap therebetween. A flange is provided at the attachment side and a housing part, between which the external ring is clamped, and a clamping device by which the external ring is pressed with its face between the flange and the housing part against a friction area, in order to generate a friction-fitting connection between the flange and the external ring. A release device is provided to at least partially overcome the contact pressure, in order to reduce or remove the friction-fitting connection. The release device includes an actuating organ, which acts upon a first gliding element, displaceable in an operating direction, to act upon a second gliding element, arranged displaceable perpendicular to the operating direction, that acts via a second wedge against the contact pressure upon the housing part.

Claims

1. A torque-limiting return stop arrangement, comprising an internal ring (2), an external ring (3) concentric in reference to the internal ring, retaining elements (4) arranged in an annular gap between the internal and the external ring, to permit a relative rotation between the internal and the external ring (2, 3) in one direction and block rotation in the other direction in a form or friction-fitting fashion, a flange (5) at an attachment side and a housing part (6) adapted to clamp the external ring (3) therebetween, a clamping device (8, 9a, 9b) acting in an axial direction, which applies a compression force, by which the external ring (3) is pressed with a face thereof against at least one friction area between the flange (5) and the housing part (6) in order to generate a friction-fitting connection between the flange (5) and the external ring (3), at least one release device (10, 11, 12) that at least partially overcomes a contact pressure of the clamping device (8, 9a, 9b) in order to reduce or release the friction-fitting connection, the at least one release device comprises an actuating organ (10), which acts upon a first gliding element (11) displaceable in an operating direction, such that the first gliding element (11) acts via a first wedge area (13) upon at least one second gliding element (12), which is arranged displaceable generally perpendicular in reference to an operating direction, and the second gliding element (12) acts via a second wedge area (14) upon the housing part (6) opposite the compression force.

2. The return stop arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the friction area is provided with a friction coating (7a, 7b).

3. The return stop arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the clamping device comprises at least one disk spring (9a, 9b) clamped via connection screws, by which the housing part (6) is held against the flange (5), that press the external ring (3) against the flange (5).

4. The return stop arrangement according to claim 3, wherein the disk springs (9a, 9b) press the housing part (6) via a cap ring (8) against the flange (5).

5. The return stop arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the clamping device comprises a plurality of helical compression springs (9′) stressed via connection screws (18′), by which the housing part (6′) is held against the flange (5′) and presses the external ring (3) against the flange (5′).

6. The return stop arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the actuating organ is a release screw (10).

7. The return stop arrangement according to claim 6, wherein the release screw (10) is spring-loaded in reference to the housing part (6).

8. The return stop arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the first gliding element (11′) comprises two first wedge areas (13a, 13b) arranged symmetrically, which act upon two second gliding elements (12a, 12b) in order to push them apart upon actuation.

9. The return stop arrangement according to claim 8, wherein the first gliding element (11′) comprises a symmetrical wedge shape and is pressed by the actuating organ (10′) in a direction of pressure between the two second gliding elements (12a, 12b) in order to push them apart.

10. The return stop arrangement according to claim 8, wherein the first gliding element (11″) comprises a symmetrical, inversely wedge-segment shape and is pulled by the actuating organ (10″) in a tensile direction against the second gliding elements (12a′, 12b′) in order to push them apart.

11. The return stop arrangement according to claim 1, wherein three or more of the release devices are arranged at the return stop device distributed in a circumferential direction.

12. The return stop arrangement according to claim 1, further comprising a safety device (15) that is adjusted or removed prior to activating the release device (10).

13. The return stop arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the friction area is provided with a carbon-based friction coating.

14. The return stop arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the clamping device (8, 9a, 9b) acts in the axial direction and applies the compression force which is adjustable, by which the external ring (3) is pressed with the face thereof against the at least one friction area between the flange (5) and the housing part (6).

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) In the following, additional features, advantages, and characteristics of the present invention are explained based on the figures and based on exemplary embodiments. Shown are:

(2) FIG. 1 a longitudinal cross-section through the upper half of a return stop device according to the invention in a first exemplary embodiment,

(3) FIG. 2 a cross-section along the line I-I in FIG. 1,

(4) FIG. 2A a schematic view showing three release devices offset by 120° ,

(5) FIG. 3 a cross-section in the circumferential direction along the line III-III in FIG. 1,

(6) FIG. 4 an illustration of a detail of a release device of the return stop device shown in FIG. 1 in a longitudinal cross-section,

(7) FIG. 5 a cross-section through the illustration of a detail of FIG. 4 in a radial plane along the line V-V in FIG. 4,

(8) FIG. 6 an illustration of a detail of a safety device of the return stop device in a cross-section along the line II-II in FIG. 1,

(9) FIG. 7 a longitudinal cross-section through the upper half of the return stop device according to the invention in a second exemplary embodiment,

(10) FIG. 8 a cross-section along the line VI-VI in FIG. 7,

(11) FIG. 9 a cross-section in the circumferential direction along the line VII-VII in FIG. 7,

(12) FIG. 10 a longitudinal cross-section through the upper half of a return stop device according to the invention in a third exemplary embodiment,

(13) FIG. 11 a cross-section along the line IX-IX in FIG. 10,

(14) FIG. 12 a cross-section in the circumferential direction along the line VIII-VIII in FIG. 10, and

(15) FIG. 13 an alternative embodiment of the release device of FIG. 12.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

(16) A torque-limiting return stop device according to the prevent invention is formed by a freewheel, which is held in a friction-fitting fashion against a flange at the attachment side. A first exemplary embodiment of such a return stop device is shown in FIG. 1. Here only the upper half of the return stop device is shown in a longitudinal cross-section.

(17) The freewheel includes an internal freewheel ring 2, which is assembled in a form-fitting fashion, for example via a key, to a shaft (not shown). An external freewheel ring 3 is arranged concentrically about the internal freewheel ring 2, with a freewheel cage with a plurality of retaining elements 4 being located in an annular gap between the internal freewheel ring 2 and the external freewheel ring 3, following each other. Such retaining elements may for example represent clamping rolls, clamping bodies, or blocking links, which are arranged in a known fashion such that they permit a relative rotation between the internal ring 2 and the external ring 3 in one direction and block it in the other direction in a form-fitting or friction-fitting fashion.

(18) In this context, a multi-part ring, particularly divided into several axially adjacent partial rings, may also be considered an external freewheel ring 3, as described in DE 10 2011 122 006, with here additional friction disks or friction coatings potentially being arranged like a multi-disk clutch between the partial rings arranged axially adjacent.

(19) At the attachment side, the return stop device comprises a flange 5, against which the external freewheel ring 3 is held by a housing part 6 in a friction-fitting fashion. For this purpose, the flange 5 comprises a contact area covered with a friction coating 7a, against which the face of the external freewheel ring is pressed at the flange side. The housing part 6 is shaped like a cup so that the freewheel is received therein. A radially extending internal area of the housing part 6 serves as a contact area for the face of the freewheel ring 3, facing away from the flange 5, and is also provided with a friction coating 7b. Particularly carbon-based coatings are suitable as friction coatings 7a, 7b, because they allow a very strong contact pressure, exhibit sufficiently high friction values, and also operate nearly without any wear and tear, even under high stress due to pressure.

(20) At its side open towards the flange 5 the cup-shaped housing part 6 comprises an annular projection 6a, pointing radially outwardly, with a cap ring 8 placed around it, which stresses the housing part 6 via two disk springs 9a, 9b, without the invention here being limited to this number, against the flange 5 and here clamps the external freewheel ring 3 between the friction coatings 7a, 7b at the face. The cap ring 8 is connected to the flange 5 via a plurality of connection screws, distributed in the circumferential direction, which are not visible in the cross-section shown in FIG. 1. By the appropriate selection of the tightening torque of the connection screws the preliminary stress of the disk springs 9a, 9b and thus also the contact pressure can be precisely adjusted, by which the external freewheel ring 3 is clamped between the friction coatings 7a, 7b. The contact pressure in turn determines the slippage torque of the return stop device, and once it is exceeded the friction-fitting connection between the flange 5 and the external freewheel ring 3 is overcome and the freewheel therefore can slip in the blocking direction in reference to the flange 5 assembled in a torque-proof fashion.

(21) At its face pointing away from the flange 5 the housing part 6 is closed via a lid 22. Additionally, a gasket is provided between the flange 5 and the housing part 6, not shown in greater detail in the figures, so that the freewheel is encased and/or encapsulated inside the housing part 6, sealed from dust and dirt. A bearing socket 5b is located inside the flange 5, which centers the external freewheel ring 3 on the flange 5.

(22) The use of one or more disk springs 9a, 9b, which are stressed via a cap and/or fastening ring 8 against the flange 5, allows an extremely simple and reliable construction, which can be assembled with little assembly expense and allows here very high compression forces.

(23) FIG. 1 furthermore shows a release device according to the invention, which in addition to a release screw 10 comprises a slide cylinder 11 and a gliding element 12, radially displaceable in a recess between the flange 5 and the housing part 6. The slide cylinder 11 is supported in a bore 5a of the flange 5 in a fashion displaceable in the axial direction. The cap ring 8 has a bore with an internal thread, in which the release screw 10 is inserted. When the release screw 10 is driven further in the direction of the flange 5 in order to release the return stop device, it presses upon the face of the sliding cylinder 11 and displaces it further into the bore 5a of the flange 5. Instead of a bore 5a, of course a prismatic opening, for example, and an appropriately formed gliding element 11 may be provided, with it being possible to produce a cylindrical bore in a particularly simple and cost-effective fashion and therefore this embodiment being preferred.

(24) The sliding cylinder 11 comprises a milled slot, which serves as a wedge-shaped thrust surface 13 for the gliding element 12. When the gliding cylinder 11 is moved towards the left in FIG. 1, the wedge area 13 presses the gliding element 12 radially inwardly between the flange 5 and the housing part 6. The gliding element 12 comprises a second wedge area 14, which presses against an appropriate projection 14a of the housing part 6. When the gliding element 12 is therefore moved radially inwardly by the release screw 10 being driven in, the housing part 6 is pushed away from the flange 5 against the spring force of the disk springs 9a, 9b so that the friction-fitting connection between the external freewheel ring 3 and the flange 5 is reduced at the friction coatings 7a, 7b and the external freewheel ring 3 can therefore slip easier in reference to the flange 5.

(25) A locking plate 15, which is pushed under the screw head of the safety screw 10 and is held by a safety screw 16, prevents any unintentional and/or forbidden insertion of the release screw 10. For an intentional release of the return stop device the safety screw 16 is released and the locking plate 15 is removed and/or pivoted out from underneath the screw head of the release screw 10. Subsequently the release screw 10 for releasing the return stop device can be driven in. The locking plate 15 and the safety screw 16 are shown in greater detail in the drawing in FIG. 6.

(26) FIG. 2 shows a detail of a return stop device in a cross-section along the line I-I in FIG. 1. In the cross-section shown through the flange 5 an oblong recess 17 is discernible, extending in the radial direction, which serves for accepting the gliding elements 12. Perpendicular in reference to the drawing plane, the bore 5a extends in the upper section of the recess 17, in which the sliding cylinder 11 is arranged in a displaceable fashion with its wedge-shaped thrust surface 13 for the gliding element 12. The contact area of the release screw 10 is shown in dot-dash lines as a hidden contour. In the interior of the annular flange 5 the bearing socket 5b is discernible, as well as the mobile internal freewheel ring 2, arranged rotational in one direction in reference to the external freewheel ring 3, showing a groove 2′ to accept a key.

(27) Offset in the circumferential direction in reference to the release screw 10 a connection screw 18 is shown, by which the disk springs 9a, 9b are stressed and the housing part 6 is screwed tightly against the flange 5. Overall, distributed in the circumferential direction, a plurality of such connection screws is provided, with only one being shown for reasons of clarity. Additionally, a penetrating bore 19 is shown in the exterior area of the flange 5. It serves to screw the flange 5 to a conveyer system, for example at the housing of a transmission.

(28) Three or more release devices of the above-described type are arranged distributed in the circumferential direction. The use of three release devices, which are arranged along the circumference offset by 120° is shown schematically in FIG. 2A.

(29) FIG. 3 shows a cross-section along a line III-III in FIG. 1 extending annularly in the circumferential direction. In the area of the release device the cross-sectional line extends with a step at the contact point between the connection screw 10 and the sliding cylinder 11 such that in FIG. 3 they seem centered in reference to each other. The sliding cylinder 11 comprises the above-described milled slot, extending diagonal in reference to its longitudinal axis, which serves as the wedge-shaped thrust surface 13 for the gliding element 12 and causes a first wedge amplification of the release force. The sliding cylinder 11 is arranged in a mobile fashion in a bore 5a of the flange 5. The release screw 10 acts from the top upon the sliding cylinder 11 and displaces it during the driving process into a released position further in the flange 5 if the locking plate 15 had been removed. For this purpose the release screw 10 engages a thread in the cap ring 8.

(30) A connection screw 18 is also shown offset in reference to the release screw 10, with at this point the cross-section is not shown stepped for better clarity. The connection screw 18 extends through respective penetrating bores in the cap ring 8 and the annular attachment 6a of the housing part 6 and is screwed tightly in a threaded bore in the flange 5. By appropriately selecting the tightening torque of the connection screw 18 as well as the other connection screws, not shown, the pre-stressing of the disk springs 9a, 9b located inside the cap ring and thus the contact pressure of the external freewheel ring 3 are adjusted at the respective friction areas 7a, 7b.

(31) FIG. 4 shows in an illustration of a detail the cooperation of the individual parts of the release device, with the cross-section being equivalent to the one in FIG. 1. The wedge-shaped tapering end of the gliding element 12 engages the diagonally extending milled slot of the sliding cylinder 11 and contacts the wedge-shaped thrust surface 13. At the face the release screw 10 in FIG. 4 acts from the top upon the sliding cylinder 11 and upon activation presses it further into the bore 5a of the flange 5. This way the gliding element 12 is pushed towards the right in FIG. 4 and here presses the flange 5 and the housing part 6 apart from each other. At its end projecting from the top of the flange 5 the sliding cylinder 11 comprises laterally cut areas 20 (shown as a cross-hatched area in FIG. 4), which engage an appropriate recess in the housing part 6 such that the sliding cylinder is secured from rotation.

(32) FIG. 5 shows a cross-section along the lines V-V in FIG. 4. Here, in the upper area face milled lateral areas 20 of the sliding cylinder 11 are discernible, which are guided in an appropriate recess 21 in the annular attachment 6a of the housing part 6.

(33) FIGS. 7 to 9 show a second exemplary embodiment of a return stop device. Similar to FIG. 1, FIG. 7 shows here once more the upper half of the return stop device in a longitudinal cross-section. It again includes a freewheel with an internal freewheel ring 2, an external freewheel ring 3, and a plurality of retaining elements 4 arranged between the internal and the external ring. The external freewheel ring 3 is stressed at the face between a flange 5′ at the attachment side and a housing part 6′. Similar to the previous exemplary embodiment, friction coatings 7a, 7b are located at the contact areas of the faces of the external ring 3. Contrary to the first exemplary embodiment, the compression force, by which the housing part 6′ is held against the flange 5′, is here not applied by disk springs but similar to return stop devices of prior art held by a plurality of helical compression springs distributed along the circumference of the housing part 6′, which however are not shown in the cross-section illustrated in FIG. 7.

(34) In the second exemplary embodiment the release device comprises a release screw 10′, a wedge slider 11′, and two gliding elements supported in a displaceable fashion perpendicular in reference to the drawing plane, which are not shown in the cross-sectional illustration of FIG. 7.

(35) The wedge slider 11 exhibits a round cross-section, with the invention not being limited thereto, though, and tapers like a wedge at the lower section pointing towards the flange 5′. Again a locking plate 15 is provided as a safety device, which is held by a safety screw 16 and prevents in the inserted state that the release screw 10′ can be driven in.

(36) FIG. 8 shows a cross-section along the line VI-VI in FIG. 7. In this cross-section the two gliding elements 12a, 12b are discernible, which are arranged in a displaceable fashion in an oblong milled slot 17′ extending in the tangential direction. The wedge-shaped tapering end of the wedge slider 11′ engages a gap between the two gliding elements 12a, 12b and pushes them apart when it is moved by the release screw 10′ in the direction towards the flange 5′.

(37) The connection screw 18 arranged in the circumferential direction, which is impinged with the helical compression spring, not shown in FIG. 8, serves to screw the housing part 6′ against the flange 5′ and here clamps the external freewheel ring 3 between the friction coatings 7a, 7b.

(38) Similar to FIG. 3, FIG. 9 shows a cross-section along the line VII-VII in FIG. 7 extending in the circumferential direction, disclosing the functionality of the release device. When the connection screw 10′ is screwed into the housing part 6′, it presses upon the cylindrical wedge-slider 11′. The cylindrical wedge-slider 11′ comprises two symmetrical wedge areas 13a, 13b, by which it engages a clearance between the two gliding elements 12a, 12b, and pushes them apart. The gliding elements 12a, 12b taper like wedge segments towards the outside and act with their wedge areas 14′ against the housing part 6′ such that it is lifted in reference to the flange 5′ when the gliding elements 12a, 12b are pushed apart.

(39) The connection screw 18′, by which the housing part 6′ is screwed towards the flange 5′, is arranged offset in the circumferential direction. For this purpose, the connection screw 18′ extends through a penetrating bore 21, which widens in a step towards the top in order to accept the helical compression spring 9′, which is clamped by the connection screw 18′. In this exemplary embodiment therefore, in a manner known per se, the compression force, by which the friction-fitting connection is generated between the external freewheel ring 3 and the flange 5′, a plurality of connection screws 18′ and corresponding helical compression springs 9′ are applied, distributed in the circumferential direction.

(40) A third exemplary embodiment of a return stop device according to the invention is shown in FIGS. 10, 11, and 12 and/or 13. FIG. 10 shows once more, cross-sectioned in the axial direction, a detail through the upper half of the return stop device. Like in the first exemplary embodiment, here too the housing part 6″ and the flange 5″ are clamped together via a cap ring 8″ and two disk springs 9a, 9b. The disk springs 9a, 9b are here pre-stressed by connection springs 18″, distributed in the circumferential direction such that the external freewheel ring 3 of the return stop device is clamped between the torque-proof friction coatings 7a, 7b.

(41) In the third exemplary embodiment a release screw 10″ serves as the release device, which is guided through a penetrating bore in the housing part 6″ and is screwed at its bottom end, pointing towards the flange side, into a gliding element 11″ provided with a threaded bore, which gliding element shows an inverse, wedge-segment shaped design.

(42) From the cross-section along the line IX-IX in FIG. 10, shown in FIG. 11, it is discernible that the gliding element 11″ moved by the release screw 10″ is arranged between two wedge elements 12a′, 12b′ arranged in a displaceable fashion and pushes them apart, when by driving the release screw 10″ it is pulled in the tensile direction against the two wedge elements 12a′, 12b′. The wedge elements 12a′, 12b′ are arranged in a gliding fashion in a recess 17″ milled into the flange 5″ in the tangential direction.

(43) FIG. 12 shows a cross-section along the line VIII-VIII in FIG. 10, from which the cooperation of the gliding elements 1″, 12a′, and 12b′ is discernible. The two wedge-segment shaped gliding elements 12a′, 12b′ are arranged in a bowl-shaped recess 17″ with lateral areas ending diagonally towards the outside. The inverse wedge-shaped sliding element 11″ shows at both sides symmetrical, wedge-shaped thrust surfaces 13″ which act against the gliding elements 12a′, 12b′. When the connection screw 10″ is driven into a sliding element 11″ provided with a threaded bore, it rests with its end on the bottom of the bowl-shaped recess 17″ and presses the sliding element 11″ upwards in the plane of the drawing, so that the two gliding elements 12a′, 12b′ are pushed apart and lift the housing part 6″ via their wedge areas 14″ off the flange 5″ against the spring force of the disk springs 9a, 9b.

(44) An alternative embodiment is shown in FIG. 13. Here the release screw 10″ ends in the threaded bore of the sliding element 11″, however rests not towards the bottom on the bowl-shaped recess 17″ but acts under tension against the housing part 6″.

(45) In the above-described exemplary embodiments the release screw is respectively arranged such that it must be driven into the housing part in a direction parallel to the axis, in order for the first gliding element being displaced with its first wedge area in reference to at least one second gliding element. The gliding element and/or the second gliding elements can here be either arranged displaceable between the flange and the housing part in a radial or a tangential direction.

(46) Similarly it would also be possible to arrange the release screw or another actuating organ acting in the linear direction, for example a hydraulic cylinder, such that it is inserted in a radial direction either into the flange or the housing part. In this case the first gliding element would be moved in a radial direction, in order to displace via respective wedge-shaped thrust surfaces one and/or two second gliding elements in a tangential direction, causing the flange and the housing part to be pressed apart against the contact pressure applied by a clamping device.

(47) It is also possible to embody the first gliding element in the form of a ring located about the flange, which acts via appropriate wedge-shaped thrust surfaces upon several wedge elements distributed radially in the circumferential direction and upon actuating via an appropriate actuation organ pushes them radially inwardly towards the axial center between the flange and the housing part in order to push apart the latter.

(48) It has proven particularly advantageous and thus it is preferred however, as shown in FIGS. 7 to 9 as well as 10 to 12, that here the release screws provided in the housing part rests on the flange and thus supports the axial force of releasing the return stop device acting in the screw.

(49) Furthermore it has proven particularly advantageous for the release screw to be supported spring-loaded in reference to the housing part, for example via disk or helical compression springs, because here a more sensitive return stop device is yielded.