Rolling bearing

Abstract

A rolling bearing that can prevent peeling on a surface of an iron-based metal member by hydrogen brittleness even under a severe environment is provided. The rolling bearing 1 has plural bearing elements formed of an iron-based metal, and a lubricant composition 7 that lubricates metal contact surfaces of the respective bearing elements, the lubricant composition 7 is a grease containing a base oil and alkanolamine and being free of alkali metal salts and alkaline earth metal salts of inorganic acids, the base oil is at least one oil selected from alkyl diphenyl ether oils, poly-α-olefin oils and ester oils, and the alkanolamine is contained by 0.1 to 10 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the base oil and a thickener.

Claims

1. A rolling bearing comprising a plurality of bearing elements formed of an iron-based metal, and a lubricant composition that lubricates metal contact surfaces of the respective bearing elements, wherein the lubricant composition is a grease consisting of a base oil, diethanolamine, a thickener, a zinc dithiophosphate, and an amine-based antioxidant, wherein the grease is free of alkali metal salts and alkaline earth metal salts of inorganic acids, wherein the base oil is (A) an oil containing an alkyl diphenyl ether by 25% by weight or more with respect to the entirety of the base oil, or (B) an oil containing an ester oil by 25% by weight or more with respect to the entirety of the base oil, wherein the thickener contains at least one urea compound selected from aliphatic diurea compounds, alicyclic diurea compounds, and wherein diethanolamine is contained by 0.1 to 10 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the base oil and the thickener.

2. The rolling bearing according to claim 1, wherein the rolling bearing is a bearing for an electrical component/an auxiliary machine for automobiles, which rotatably supports a rotation axis that is rotated and driven by output of an engine on a static element.

3. The rolling bearing according to claim 2, wherein the base oil contains a poly-α-olefin oil.

4. The rolling bearing according to claim 2, wherein the thickener is an alicyclic diurea compound.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a deep groove ball bearing, which is an example of the rolling bearing of the present invention.

(2) FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a motor using the rolling bearing of the present invention.

(3) FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a speed-up gear using the rolling bearing of the present invention.

(4) FIGS. 4(a) and 4(b) are cross-sectional views showing a fan coupling device using the rolling bearing of the present invention.

(5) FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an alternator using the rolling bearing of the present invention.

(6) FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing an idler pulley using the rolling bearing of the present invention.

(7) FIG. 7 is a drawing showing the result of the measurement of the acid value of the base oil.

MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

(8) In order to prevent peeling on a rolling surface (a surface of an iron-based metal member) due to hydrogen brittleness in a rolling bearing, the inventors did intensive studies on lubricating oils or greases to be provided to lubrication, and consequently found that peeling on a rolling surface due to hydrogen brittleness can be effectively prevented by incorporating alkanolamine as an essential additive in a predetermined base oil.

(9) In the case when two iron-based metal members, such as a rolling body and a bearing ring, a rolling body and a cage, or the like roll while contacting with a lubricating oil or a grease, and are brought into a contact and sliding state in a rolling bearing, there are some cases in which an oil film is almost lost on the contact surface of the iron-based metal members, and thus the iron-based metal members are put into a border lubrication condition, i.e. a state in which the surfaces of the metals are partially brought into direct contact. In rolling bearings for electrical components and auxiliary machines for automobiles, and the like in recent years, as mentioned above, oil film shortage easily occurs due to increase in a surface pressure between a rolling body and a bearing ring, and increase of slipping due to rapid acceleration and deceleration. Even in such a case when an oil film is thin under a severe condition (a border lubrication condition) on a sliding surface as mentioned above, the direct contact of a newly-generated surface of an iron-based metal and a lubricating oil or a grease can be prevented by adsorption or the like of alkanolamine on the abrasion-worn surface on the contact part or the newly generated surface of the iron-based metal which has been exposed by wearing. It is considered that the generation of hydrogen due to the decomposition of the lubricating oil or grease can be suppressed in this way to thereby prevent specific peeling due to hydrogen brittleness, and thus the lifetime of the rolling bearing can be extended. The present invention is based on these findings, and can be preferably used for lubrication, specifically for lubrication in which an environment under which an iron-based metal member and a lubricating oil or a grease is brought into contact with each other is a lubrication condition of the surface of the iron-based metal member surface in a rolling bearing.

(10) The embodiments of the lubricant composition used for the rolling bearing of the present invention includes two kinds: (1) a lubricating oil containing a predetermined base oil and a predetermined alkanolamine as essential constitutions, and (2) a grease containing a predetermined base oil, a predetermined thickener and a predetermined alkanolamine as essential constitutions. Furthermore, in either of these cases, alkali metal salts of inorganic acids and alkaline earth metal salts of inorganic acids are not contained. Examples of the inorganic acids herein include phosphoric acid (orthophosphoric acid), hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, boric acid and the like, and examples of the alkali metals and alkaline earth metals include lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, strontium, barium and the like. Specific examples include calcium triphosphate (a calcium salt of orthophosphoric acid) and the like.

(11) Examples of the alkanolamine used in the present invention include primary alkanolamines such as monoisopropanolamine, monoethanolamine and mono-n-propanolamine, secondary alkanolamines such as N-alkylmonoethanolamine and N-alkylmonopropanolamine, and tertiary alkanolamines such as triethanolamine, cyclohexyldiethanolamine, tri(n-propanol)amine, triisopropanolamine, N,N-dialkylethanolamine and N-alkyl (or alkenyl)diethanolamine. Furthermore, the alkanolamines are classified into monoalkanolamines, dialkanolamine and trialkanolamines depending on the number of the alkanol group(s). It is preferable to use a dialkanolamine or a trialkanolamine in the present invention, since iron ion is present in between to thereby easily prevent the exposure of the newly generated surface of the iron-based metal by the chelate action of the plural hydroxyl groups (alkanol groups) and the amino group.

(12) Among the above-mentioned alkanolamines, it is preferable to use an N-alkyl (or alkenyl) diethanolamine of the following formula (1), since it is excellent in compatibility with the base oil and ability to prevent peeling phenomenon, and also excellent in availability.

(13) ##STR00001##

(14) R.sub.1 in the formula represents a straight chain or branched alkyl group or alkenyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atom(s). Furthermore, the number of the carbon atom(s) is preferably from 1 to 12, more preferably from 1 to 8. Examples of the specific compounds include N-methyldiethanolamine, N-ethyldiethanolamine, N-propyldiethanolamine, N-butyldiethanolamine, N-pentyldiethanolamine, N-hexyldiethanolamine, N-heptyldiethanolamine, N-octyldiethanolamine, N-nonyldiethanolamine, N-decyldiethanolamine, N-undecyldiethanolamine, N-lauryldiethanolamine, N-tridecyldiethanolamine, N-myristyldiethanolamine, N-pentadecyldiethanolamine, N-palmityldiethanolamine, N-heptadecyldiethanolamine, N-oleyldiethanolamine, N-stearyldiethanolamine, N-isostearyldiethanolamine, N-nonadecyldiethanolamine, N-eicosyldiethanolamine and the like.

(15) One kind of the alkanolamine may be used singly, or two or more kinds of the alkanolamines may be used in combination. Alternatively, the alkanolamine is preferably alkanolamine that is a liquid or paste form at room temperature and use temperature. Alternatively, the alkanolamine may be in a state in which it is dispersed in a solvent, a mineral oil or the like. By using such alkanolamine, even in the case when the oil film at a sliding part is thinned under a severe condition, the alkanolamine easily enters the sliding part. The kinetic viscosity of the alkanolamine is preferably from 10 to 100 mm.sup.2/s at 40° C., more preferably from 40 to 70 mm.sup.2/s at 40° C.

(16) Examples of commercial products of the alkanolamine (tertiary diethanolamine) include Adeka Kiku-Lube FM-812 and Adeka Kiku-Lube FM-832 manufactured by ADEKA Corporation, and the like.

(17) In the case when the above-mentioned lubricant composition is used as a lubricating oil, the incorporation ratio of the alkanolamine is set to from 0.1 to 10% by weight with respect to the entirety of the lubricant composition. In this range, specific peeling by hydrogen brittleness can be prevented. When the incorporation ratio goes beyond 10% by weight, the peeling generation lifetime cannot be extended because, for example, the reactivity with iron becomes too high and corrosion wearing occurs. The incorporation ratio is preferably from 0.3 to 10% by weight, more preferably from 0.3 to 5% by weight, further preferably from 2 to 5% by weight.

(18) In the case when the above-mentioned lubricant composition is used as a grease, the incorporation ratio of the alkanolamine is set to 0.1 to 10 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the base oil and the thickener. In this range, specific peeling by hydrogen brittleness can be prevented. When the incorporation ratio goes beyond 10 parts by weight, the peeling generation lifetime cannot be extended because, for example, the reactivity with iron becomes too high and thus corrosion wearing occurs. The incorporation ratio is preferably from 0.3 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably from 0.3 to 5 parts by weight, further preferably from 2 to 5 parts by weight.

(19) In the case when the above-mentioned lubricant composition is used as the lubricating oil, as the base oil for the lubricant composition, at least one oil selected from mineral oils, highly-purified mineral oils and water-soluble lubricating oils is used. Examples of the mineral oils include spindle oils, refrigerator oils, turbine oils, machine oils, dynamo oils and the like. Examples of the water-soluble lubricating oils include water-glycol-based operation oils and the like. The highly-purified mineral oils can be obtained by, for example, synthesizing by subjecting a slug wax obtained from a residual oil of distillation under a reduced pressure to catalytic hydrogenation thermal decomposition. In the highly-purified oils, the sulfur content ratio is preferably lower than 0.1% by weight, more preferably lower than 0.01% by weight. Furthermore, a GTL oil synthesized by the Fischer-Tropsch process is exemplified.

(20) In the case when the above-mentioned lubricant composition is used as a grease, as the base oil for the lubricant composition, at least one oil selected from alkyl diphenyl ether oils, PAO and ester oils is used. These are excellent in heat resistance and lubrication property. These base oils may be used singly or in combination of two or more kinds.

(21) Examples of the alkyl diphenyl ether oils include monoalkyl diphenyl ether oils represented by the following formula (2), dialkyl diphenyl ether oils represented by the following formula (3), or polyalkyl diphenyl ethers, and the like.

(22) ##STR00002##

(23) R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 in the formulas are each an alkyl group having 8 to 20 carbon atoms, and are bonded to one phenyl ring, or are respectively bonded to two phenyl rings. Among these, dialkyl diphenyl ether oils having R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are preferable with consideration for heat-resistance and the like.

(24) The PAO (synthetic hydrocarbon oil) is generally a mixture of an α-olefin or an isomerized α-olefin with an oligomer or a polymer. Specific examples of the α-olefin include 1-octene, 1-nonene, 1-decene, 1-dodecene, 1-tridecene, 1-tetradecene, 1-pentadecene, 1-hexadecene, 1-heptadecene, 1-octadecene, 1-nonadecene, 1-eicosene, 1-dococene, 1-tetradococene and the like, and mixtures thereof are generally used.

(25) Examples of the ester oils include diester oils such as dibutyl sebacate, di-2-ethylhexyl sebacate, dioctyl adipate, diisodecyl adipate, ditridecyl adipate, ditridecyl glutalate and methyl acetyl cinnolate, aromatic ester oils such as trioctyltrimellitate, tridecyltrimellitate and tetraoctylpyromellitate, polyol ester oils such as trimethylolpropane caprylate, trimethylolpropane pelargonate, pentaerythritol-2-ethylhexanoate and pentaerythritol belargonate, carbonate ester oils, phosphate ester oils, polymer ester oils, polyglycol oils, and the like.

(26) In the case when the above-mentioned lubricant composition is used as a grease in rolling bearings for automobile electrical components and auxiliary machines, it is preferable to form (A) an oil containing, as an essential component, an alkyl diphenyl ether oil by 25% by weight or more with respect to the entirety of the base oil, or (B) an oil containing, as an essential component, an ester oil by 25% by weight or more with respect to the entirety of the base oil. The base oil may be a base oil formed of only an alkyl diphenyl ether oil, or a base oil formed of only an ester oil. As shown in FIG. 7, the alkyl diphenyl ether oil is excellent in acid value stability, and also excellent in high temperature durability. Furthermore, even in the case of a base oil containing an ester oil, the acid value can be decreased by using the base oil and alkanolamine in combination, and thus a rolling bearing having a sufficient high temperature durability for use in electrical components and auxiliary machines for automobiles can be produced. Furthermore, as long as the above-mentioned (A) and (B) are satisfied, other oils such as PAOs and mineral oils may be contained besides the alkyl diphenyl ether oil and ester oil. Specifically it is preferable to form a mixed oil containing a PAO in the above-mentioned (A) or (B).

(27) The kinetic viscosity of the base oil (in the case of a mixed oil, the kinetic viscosity of the mixed oil) is preferably from 10 to 200 mm.sup.2/s, more preferably from 10 to 100 mm.sup.2/s, further preferably from 30 to 100 mm.sup.2/s at 40° C.

(28) In the case when the above-mentioned lubricant composition is used as a grease, a thickener is further incorporated. The thickener is not specifically limited, and a general thickener that is generally used in the field of greases can be used. For example, soap-based thickeners such as metal soaps and composite metal soaps, and non-soap-based thickeners such as benton, silica gel, urea compounds, urea-urethane compounds, and the like can be used. Examples of the metal soaps include sodium soaps, calcium soaps, aluminum soaps, lithium soaps and the like, and examples of the urea compounds and urea-urethane compounds include diurea compounds, triurea compounds, tetraurea compounds, other polyurea compounds, diurethane compounds and the like. Among these, it is preferable to use urea compounds, which are excellent in heat-resistant durability and also excellent in property to intervene to a sliding part and adhesiveness.

(29) The urea compound can be obtained by reacting a polyisocyanate component and a monoamine component. Examples of the polyisocyanate component include phenylene diisocyanate, trylene diisocyanate, diphenyl diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, octadecane diisocyanate, decane diisocyanate, hexane diisocyanate and the like. Furthermore, as the monoamine component, aliphatic monoamines, alicyclic monoamines and aromatic monoamines can be used. Examples of the aliphatic monoamines include hexylamine, octylamine, dodecylamine, hexadecylamine, octadecylamine, stearylamine, oleylamine and the like. Examples of the alicyclic monoamines include cyclohexylamine and the like. Examples of the aromatic monoamines include aniline, p-toluidine and the like.

(30) Among these urea compounds, it is preferable to use diurea compounds using an aromatic diisocyanate as a polyisocyanate component, such as aromatic diurea compounds using an aromatic monoamine as a monoamine component, aliphatic diurea compounds using an aliphatic monoamine, and alicyclic diurea compounds using an alicyclicmonoamine are preferable, since these are specifically excellent in heat-resistant durability. Specifically, in use in rotation of outer wheels such as pulleys, alicyclic diurea compounds are preferably used since they are excellent in oil feeding property.

(31) A base grease is obtained by incorporating a thickener such as an urea compound in a base oil. The base grease containing an urea compound as a thickener is prepared by reacting the above-mentioned polyisocyanate component and monoamine component in a base oil. The incorporation ratio of the thickener in the base grease is from 1 to 40% by weight, preferably from 3 to 25% by weight. When the content of the thickener is lower than 1% by weight, the viscosity-increasing effect is decreased, and thus formation of a grease is difficult, whereas when the content goes beyond 40% by weight, the obtained base grease becomes too hard, and thus the desired effect is difficult to be obtained.

(32) The method for preparing the grease may be either a method in which alkanolamine is firstly incorporated in a base oil, and a thickener is then prepared by using this base oil, or a method in which a grease is adjusted and a dispersion liquid is then added thereto. Since the alkanolamine contains an amino group, in the case when an urea compound is used as the thickener, a preferable method is such that the above-mentioned polyisocyanate component and monoamine component are reacted in a base oil to prepare a base grease, and alkanolamine is then added.

(33) In the case of the above-mentioned grease, the worked penetration (JIS K 2220) is preferably in the range of 200 to 350. In the case when the penetration is lower than 200, oil separation is small, and thus the lubrication may be poor. On the other hand, when the penetration goes beyond 350, it is not preferable since the grease is soft and easily flows out of the bearing.

(34) In the lubricant composition used in the rolling bearing of the present invention, the alkanolamine is present in its original form rather than a form of a reacted product such as a salt with an acid. Therefore, incorporation of an additive that forms a salt with alkanolamine such as an aliphatic acid is avoided. Where necessary, the above-mentioned lubricant composition may contain known additives to the extent that such purpose of the present invention is not deteriorated. Examples of the additives include antioxidants such as organic zinc compounds, amine-based and phenol-based compounds, metal inactivators such as benzotriazole, viscosity index improvers such as polymethacrylate and polystyrene, solid lubricants such as molybdenum disulfide and graphite, anticorrosives such as metal sulfonates and polyvalentalcohol esters, oil-based agents such as esters and alcohols, other antiwearing agents, and the like. These can be added singly, or by combining two or more kinds. Furthermore, in the present invention, even in the case of a constitution in which an organic molybdenum compound such as molybdenum dithiophosphate or molybdenum dithiocarbamate is not incorporated, the peeling on a rolling surface or the like due to hydrogen brittleness can be prevented.

(35) In the case of the above-mentioned grease, it is preferable to contain at least one antioxidant selected from phenol-based antioxidants, amine-based antioxidants and zinc dithiophosphates. Among these, it is preferable to use a zinc dithiophosphate as an essential component, and use one of a phenol-based antioxidant and an amine-based antioxidant in combination. Specifically, it is preferable to use a zinc dithiophosphate and an amine-based antioxidant in combination. Furthermore, the incorporation ratio of these antioxidants is preferably 0.5 to 5 parts by weight in total with respect to 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the base oil and thickener.

(36) As the zinc dithiophosphate (zinc dithiophosphate; hereinafter referred to as “ZnDTP”), dialkyl dithiozinc dithiophosphates and diaryl zinc dithiophosphates represented by the following formula (4), and the like are exemplified.

(37) ##STR00003##

(38) R.sub.5 in the formula represents a primary or secondary alkyl group having 1 to 24 carbon atom(s), or an aryl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms. Examples of R.sub.5 include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a butyl group, a secondary butyl group, an isobutyl group, a pentyl group, a 4-methylpentyl group, a hexyl group, a 2-ethylhexyl group, a heptyl group, an octyl group, a nonyl group, a decyl group, an isodecyl group, a dodecyl group, a tetradecyl group, a hexadecyl group, an octadecyl group, an eicosyl group, a docosyl group, a tetracosyl group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a methylcyclohexyl group, an ethylcyclohexyl group, a dimethylcyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a phenyl group, a tolyl group, a xylyl group, an ethylphenyl group, a propylphenyl group, a butylphenyl group, a pentylphenyl group, a hexylphenyl group, a heptylphenyl group, an octylphenyl group, a nonylphenyl group, a decylphenyl group, a dodecylphenyl group, a tetradecylphenyl group, a hexadecylphenyl group, an octadecylphenyl group, a benzyl group and the like. These respective R.sub.5s may be the same or different.

(39) Among these, R.sub.5 is preferably a primary alkyl group since the zinc dithiophosphate has excellent stability and also contributes to prevention of peeling on a rolling surface due to hydrogen brittleness. Furthermore, in the case when R.sub.5 is an alkyl group, the zinc dithiophosphate has more excellent heat-resistance and is dissolved in the base oil more easily at a larger number of carbon atoms. On the other hand, the zinc dithiophosphate has more excellent antiwearing property and becomes more difficult to be solved in a base oil at a smaller number of carbon atoms. Examples of preferable commercial products of ZnDTP include Adeka Kiku-Lube 2112 manufactured by ADEKA Corporation, and the like.

(40) Furthermore, it is preferable for the above-mentioned lubricant composition not to contain a solid powder that does not dissolve in a base oil. “A solid powder that does not dissolve in a base oil” refers to, for example, a solid powder whose insoluble component is precipitated in the base oil when visually observed after 0.5% by weight of the solid powder with respect to the total weight after dissolution is added to a base oil and stirred, and the mixture is retained at 70° C. for 24 hours. When the insoluble component is precipitated, the base oil is not transparent, and the solid powder is put into a colloidal state or a suspension state, and this can be determined by visual observation. Examples of such solid powder include metal powders of aluminum, silicon, titanium, tungsten, molybdenum, chromium, cobalt, gold, silver, copper, yttrium, zirconium, iridium, palladium, platinum, rhodium, ruthenium, hafnium, tantalum, tungsten, rhenium, osmium and the like. The present invention can prevent peeling on a rolling surface or the like due to hydrogen brittleness by incorporating alkanolamine (a liquid or paste form) without incorporating these metal powders.

(41) The rolling bearing of the present invention has a plurality of bearing elements formed of an iron-based metal and a lubricant composition for lubricating the metal contact surfaces of the respective bearing elements. The rolling bearing of the present invention will be explained based on FIG. 1. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a deep groove ball bearing. In the rolling bearing 1, an inner wheel 2 having an inner wheel rolling surface 2a on the outer periphery surface and an outer wheel 3 having an outer wheel rolling surface 3a on the inner periphery surface are concentrically disposed, and a plurality of rolling bodies 4 are disposed between the inner wheel rolling surface 2a and the outer wheel rolling surface 3a. These rolling bodies 4 are retained by a cage 5. Furthermore, openings 8a and 8b on the both ends in the axis direction of the inner and outer wheels are sealed by a seal element 6, and the above-mentioned lubricant composition 7 is enclosed in at least the peripheries of the rolling bodies 4. The inner wheel 2, outer wheel 3 and rolling bodies 4 are formed of high carbon-chromium bearing steel, which is an iron-based metal, and the lubricant composition 7, which is a grease, intervenes in the rolling surface with the rolling bodies 4, whereby lubrication is performed.

(42) In the rolling bearing of the present invention, the iron-based metal material that constitutes the bearing element is an arbitrary material that is generally used as a bearing material, and examples thereof include the above-mentioned high carbon-chromium bearing steels (SUJ1, SUJ2, SUJ3, SUJ4, SUJ5 and the like; JIS G 4805), carburized steels (SCr420, SCM420 and the like; JIS G 4053), stainless steels (SUS440C and the like; JIS G 4303), high velocity steels (M50 and the like), cold-rolled steels and the like. Furthermore, the seal element 6 may be made of a metal or may be a rubber molded article alone, or a composite form of a rubber-molded article with a metal plate, a plastic plate or a ceramic plate. A composite form of a rubber-molded article with a metal plate is preferable in view of durability and easiness of fixing.

(43) Although a ball bearing is exemplified as a bearing in FIG. 1, the rolling bearing of the present invention can be used as bearings other than that mentioned above such as a cylindrical roller bearing, a conical roller bearing, an automatic aligning roller bearing, a needle roller bearing, a thrust cylindrical roller bearing, a thrust conical roller bearing, a thrust needle roller bearing, a thrust automatic aligning roller bearing and the like.

(44) Since the rolling bearing of the present invention encloses the above-mentioned lubricant composition, specific peeling of the bearing elements formed of the iron-based metal material on the rolling surface due to hydrogen brittleness can be prevented, and the bearing can have along lifetime even under severe conditions such as a high temperature, a high-speed and the like. Therefore, the rolling bearing can be preferably used as a bearing used by high-speed rotation at a high temperature for use in motors for electrical components and auxiliary machine for automobiles, industrial devices, and the like.

(45) For example, the rolling bearing can be preferably used as rolling bearings of electrical components and auxiliary machines for automobiles such as alternators, compressors, electromagnetic clutches for automobile air conditioners, intermediate pulleys and electric fan motors; and rolling bearings of motors for industrial machines such as motors for exhaust fans, blower motors for fuel batteries, cleaner motors, fan motors, servo motors and stepping motors, motors for electrical component devices such as starter motors, electric power steering motors, tilt motors for adjusting steering, blower motors, wiper motors and power window motors of automobiles, driving motors for electric automobiles and hybrid automobiles; and the like.

(46) An example of a motor to which the rolling bearing of the present invention is applied is shown in FIG. 2. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the motor. The motor includes a stator 10 composed of a magnet for motors disposed on an inner periphery wall of a jacket 9, a rotor 13 that is fixed on a rotation axis 11 and has a winding wire 12 that is wound around the rotor 13, a commutator 14 that is fixed on the rotation axis 11, a brush holder 15 that is disposed on an end frame 17 that is supported by the jacket 9, and a brush 16 that is housed in the brush holder 15. The above-mentioned rotation axis 11 is rotatably supported by the jacket 9 by the rolling bearing 1 and a support structure for the bearing 1. The bearing 1 is the rolling bearing of the present invention.

(47) As the bearing for motors, besides the deep groove ball bearing shown in FIG. 1, an angular contact ball bearing, and the respective bearings listed above can also be used. Among these, it is preferable to use a deep groove ball bearing, which has a rotation accuracy under high-speed rotation, a loading resistance, and a low cost.

(48) Furthermore, a rolling bearing having a lubricating oil composition enclosed therein can be preferably utilized as bearings for reducers for construction machines and for speed-up gears in wind-power generation.

(49) An example of a speed-up gear for wind-power generation devices, to which the rolling bearing of the present invention is applied, is shown in FIG. 3. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the speed-up gear. The speed-up gear main body 21 includes an input axis 22 and an output axis 23, and a planetary gear mechanism 26 that serves as a primary speed-up gear and a secondary speed-up gear 27 disposed therebetween. In the planetary gear mechanism 26, a planetary gear 29 is disposed on a carrier 28 that is integrated with input axis 22, and the planetary gear 29 is engaged with an internally-toothed ring gear 30 and a sun gear 31, and an axis that is integrated with the sun gear 31 serves as an intermediate output axis 32. The secondary speed-up gear 27 is composed of an array of gears that transmit the rotation of the intermediate output axis 32 to the output axis 23 via a plurality of gears 33 to 36. The respective parts that serve as a rolling bearing 37 that is composed of the planetary gear 29 and a bearing steel that supports the planetary gear 29, the ring gear 30, and the gear 33 of the secondary speed-up gear 27 are immersed in a lubricating oil 25 of a lubricating oil storage bath 24a in a housing 24. This lubricating oil 25 is the above-mentioned lubricant composition. The lubricating oil storage bath 24a is circulated by a circulation oil feeding means composed of a pump and tubes (not illustrated). It is not essential to provide the circulation oil feeding means, and an oil bath lubrication system may also be used.

(50) Also in such speed-up gear, specific peeling due to hydrogen brittleness which occurs on the rolling surfaces of the respective bearings and parts, and the like can be prevented for a long period, and thus the lifetime of the speed-up gear can be extended. As a result, the maintenance frequency of the wind-power generation device can be decreased.

(51) An example of the a fan coupling device to which the rolling bearing of the present invention is applied is shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b). FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b) are cross-sectional views of the structure of the fan coupling device. In the fan coupling device, an oil chamber 41 in which a viscous fluid such as a silicone oil is filled and a stirring chamber 42 in which a drive disk 48 is incorporated are disposed in a case 52 that supports a cooling fan 51, a port 44 is formed on a divider plate 43 that is disposed between the two chambers 41 and 42, and an end part of a spring 45 that opens and closes the port 44 is fixed on the divider plate 43. The cooling fan 51 is rotatably supported by a rolling bearing 1 in which the above-mentioned grease is enclosed. Furthermore, a bimetal 46 is attached to the front surface of the case 52, and a piston 47 of the spring 45 is disposed on the bimetal 46. The bimetal 46 is put into a planular state in the case when the temperature of the air that has passed through a radiator is a preset temperature such as 60° C. or less, and the piston 47 pressurizes the spring 45, and the spring 45 closes the port 44. Furthermore, when the temperature of the above-mentioned air goes beyond the preset temperature, the bimetal 46 curves toward the outer direction as shown in FIG. 4 (b), the piston 47 releases the pressurization of the spring 45, and the spring 45 opens the port 44 by elastic deformation.

(52) In the operation state of the fan coupling device having the above-mentioned constitution, in the case when the temperature of the air that has passed through the radiator is lower than the preset temperature of the bimetal 46, since the port 44 is closed by the spring 45 as shown in FIG. 4 (a), the viscous fluid in the oil chamber 41 does not flow into the stirring chamber 42, and the viscous fluid in the stirring chamber 42 is sent from a circulation hole 49 disposed on the divider plate 43 into the chamber 41 by the rotation of the drive disk 48. Therefore, the amount of the viscous fluid in the stirring chamber 42 becomes little, and the shear resistance by the rotation of the drive disk 48 decreases, and thus the transmission torque on the case 52 decreases, and the cooling fan 51, which is supported by the rolling bearing 1, rotates at a low speed. When the temperature of the air that has passed through the radiator goes beyond the preset temperature of the bimetal 46, the bimetal 46 curves toward the outer direction as shown in FIG. 4 (b), and the piston 47 releases the pressurization of the spring 45. At this time, the spring 45 is elastically deformed in the direction apart from the divider plate 43, and thus the port 44 is opened, and the viscous fluid in the oil chamber 41 flows from the port 44 into the stirring chamber 42. Therefore, the shear resistance of the viscous fluid by the rotation of the drive disk 48 increases, the rotation torque on the case 52 increases, and the cooling fan 51, which is supported by the rolling bearing 1, rotates at a high speed.

(53) As mentioned above, since the rotation velocity of the cooling fan 51 changes in accordance with the change of the temperature in the fan coupling device, warm-up is accelerated, and the supercooling of cooling water is prevented, and thus an engine can be effectively cooled. The cooling fan 51 is substantially separated from the drive axis 50 when an engine temperature is low, whereas the cooling fan 51 is substantially connected to the drive axis 50 in the case of a high temperature. Accordingly, the rolling bearing 1 is used in a broad temperature range from low temperatures to high temperatures, and under a rapid acceleration and deceleration condition in which the rotation number significantly varies depending on temperature change.

(54) An example of an alternator to which the rolling bearing of the present invention is applied is shown in FIG. 5. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the alternator. The alternator includes a pair of frames 61a and 61b that form a housing, which is a static element, and a rotor rotation axis 63 to which a rotor 62 is attached. The rotor rotation axis 63 is rotatably supported by a pair of rolling bearings 1 and 1 in which the above-mentioned grease is enclosed. A rotor coil 64 is attached to the rotor 62, and three stator coils 66 are attached at a phase of 120° to a stator 65 that is disposed on the outer periphery of the rotor 62. The rotor rotation axis 63 is driven by rotation by a rotation torque that is transmitted by a belt (illustration is omitted) to a pulley 67 that is attached to the tip of the rotor rotation axis 63. The pulley 67 is attached to the rotor rotation axis 63 in a cantilevered state, and oscillation is also generated in accordance with the high-speed rotation of the rotor rotation axis 63. Therefore, the rolling bearing 1 that supports the side of the pulley 67 is subject to a severely high load.

(55) An example of an idler pulley to which the rolling bearing of the present invention is applied is shown in FIG. 6. The idler pulley is used as a belt tensioner for an auxiliary machine driving belt for automobiles. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the idler pulley. This pulley is constituted by a pulley main body 68 made of a steel plate press, and a rolling bearing 1 (see FIG. 1) of a single array which is fit to the inner diameter of the pulley main body 68. The pulley main body 68 is a ring body that is constituted by an inner diameter cylindrical part 68a, a flange part 68b that extends from one end of the inner diameter cylindrical part 68a to the side of the outer diameter, an outer diameter cylindrical part 68c that extends from the flange part 68b to the axis direction, and a flange part 68d that extends from another end of the inner diameter cylindrical part 68a to the side of the inner diameter. The outer wheel 3 of the rolling bearing 1 shown in FIG. 1 is fit to the inner diameter of the inner diameter cylindrical part 68a, and a pulley circumferential surface 68e that is brought into contact with a belt that is driven by an engine is disposed on the outer diameter of the outer diameter cylindrical part 68c. By bringing the pulley circumferential surface 68e into contact with the belt, the pulley plays a role as an idler.

EXAMPLES

(56) The present invention will be more specifically explained with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples, but is not limited to these examples at all.

Examples A-1 to A-7 and Comparative Examples A-1 to A-6

(57) 4,4′-Diphenylmethanediisocyanate (Millionate MT manufactured by Nippon Polyurethane Industry Co., Ltd., hereinafter referred to as “MDI”) was dissolved at the rate shown in Table 1 in a half amount of the base oil shown in the table, and a monoamine in a double equivalent amount of the MDI was dissolved in the residual half amount of the base oil. The respective incorporation ratios and kinds are as shown in the table. The solution in which the monoamine was dissolved was added to the solution in which the MDI was dissolved under stirring, and the monoamine and MDI were reacted by continuing the stirring for 30 minutes at 100 to 120° C., whereby a diurea compound was generated in the base oil to give a base grease. The respective additives were added thereto at the incorporation ratio shown in Table 1, and the stirring was further sufficiently performed. The product was then homogenized by a triple roll to give a sample grease. The following 1) to 9) in Table 1 are the same also in Table 2.

(58) The obtained grease was enclosed in a rolling bearing, and a rapid acceleration and deceleration test 1 shown below was performed. The test method and test condition will be shown below. Furthermore, the results are shown in Table 1.

(59) <Rapid Acceleration and Deceleration Test 1>

(60) The above-mentioned grease was enclosed in a rolling bearing (the inner wheel, outer wheel and steel ball were made of bearing steel SUJ2) of inner wheel rotation, which supports a rotation axis, by simulating an alternator, which is an example of an electrical component auxiliary machine, and a rapid acceleration and deceleration test was performed. For the conditions of the rapid acceleration and deceleration test, the operation conditions were preset to under an atmosphere of 120° C., a loading on a pulley attached to the tip of the rotation axis of 1,960 N, and a rotation velocity of 0 rpm to 18,000 rpm, and the test was performed under a state in which an electrical current of 0.5 A is flown in a test bearing (6203). Furthermore, the time at which abnormal peeling was generated in the bearing, and the oscillation of an oscillation detector became a preset value or more and the bearing stopped (peeling generation lifetime, h) was measured.

(61) TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Examples Comparative Examples A-1 A-2 A-3 A-4 A-5 A-6 A-7 A-1 A-2 A-3 A-4 A-5 A-6 Base oil (parts by weight) PAO.sup.1) 66 66 66 66 66 15 63 66 66 66 66 15 63 Ester oil.sup.2) 22 22 22 22 22 — — 22 22 22 22 — — Alkyl diphenyl ether.sup.3) — — — — — 63 15 — — — — 63 15 Thickener (parts by weight) Amine: p-toluidine — — — — — 10.2 10.2 — — — — 10.1 10.1 Amine: octylamine 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1 — — — 6.1 6.1 6.1 — — — Amine: cyclohexylamine — — — — 5.3 — — — — — 5.3 — — Isocyanate: 5.9 5.9 5.9 5.9 6.7 11.8 11.8 5.9 5.9 5.9 6.7 11.9 11.9 4,4-diphenylmethanediisocyanate.sup.4) Additives (parts by weight) Antioxidant.sup.5) 1 1 1 — 1 1 1 1 — 1 1 1 1 Antioxidant.sup.6) — — — 1 — — — — 1 — — — — Diol.sup.7) — — — — — — — — — 2 — — — Diethanolamine.sup.8) 0.1 2 10 2 2 2 2 — — — — — — ZnDTP.sup.9) 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Peeling generation lifetime, h 69 86 72 79 88 83 80 20 23 27 25 30 30 .sup.1)Kinetic viscosity at 40° C.: 30 mm.sup.2/s (Shinfluid 601 manufactured by Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) .sup.2)Kinetic viscosity at 40° C.: 72 mmVs (H2362 manufactured by HATCO Corporation) .sup.3)Kinetic viscosity at 40° C.: 97 mm.sup.2/s (Moresco HILUBE LB100 manufactured by Matsumura Oil Co., Ltd.) .sup.4)Millionate MT manufactured by Nippon Polyurethane Industry Co., Ltd. .sup.5)Alkylated diphenylamine .sup.6)Phenol-based BHT .sup.7)ADEKA ECOROYAL FMD-410 manufactured by ADEKA Corporation .sup.8)ADEKA KIKU-LUBE FM-812 manufactured by ADEKA Corporation .sup.9)ADEKA KIKU-LUBE Z112 manufactured by ADEKA Corporation

(62) As shown in Table 1, in the respective Examples in which alkanolamine (diethanolamine) was incorporated, the peeling generation lifetime was significantly extended as compared to the respective Comparative Examples. The reason therefor is considered that the specific peeling associated with white tissue change due to the hydrogen brittleness generated on the rolling surface was effectively prevented. On the other hand, as shown in Comparative Example A-3, the effect of extending the peeling generation lifetime was not obtained by the diol.

Example A-8 to Example A-11, Comparative Example A-7 to Comparative Example A-9

(63) A lifetime test was performed by lubricating needle roller bearings (inner wheel outer diameter: 24 mm in diameter, outer wheel inner diameter: 32 mm in diameter, width: 20 mm, roller diameter 4×16.8 mm×14 pieces) by using a lubricating oil having the composition shown in Table 2. In the lifetime test, the bearings were rotated by rapid acceleration and deceleration in which rotation numbers of 3,000 rpm, 500 rpm, 3,000 rpm and 500 rpm are sequentially repeated at a radial load of 6.76 kN at an atmospheric temperature of 100° C., and the time when peeling generated on the rolling surface (peeling generation lifetime time, h) was measured. The results are shown in Table 2.

(64) TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Comparative Examples Examples A-8 A-9 A-10 A-11 A-7 A-8 A-9 Base oil (wt %) Water-glycol-based 98 99.9 90 — 100 98 — hydraulic oil.sup.10) Mineral oil.sup.11) — — — 87 — — 90 Water — — — 10 — — 10 Additives (wt %) Diol.sup.7) — — — — — 2 — Diethanolamine.sup.8) 2 0.1 10 3 — — — Peeling generation 211 137 109 >300 13 27 84 lifetime, h .sup.10)In the water-glycol, water:glycol = 40:60, and the kinetic viscosity at 40° C. was 32 mm.sup.2/s. .sup.11)The mineral oil was a paraffin-based mineral oil, and the kinetic viscosity at 40° C. was 30.7 mm.sup.2/s.

(65) As shown in Table 2, in the Examples in which alkanolamine (diethanolamine) was incorporated, the peeling generation lifetime was extended more significantly than that of Comparative Example A-7 in which only a water-glycol-based hydraulic oil was used. Furthermore, in Example A-11, in which alkanolamine (diethanolamine) was incorporated in a lubricating oil composed of a mineral oil and water, the peeling generation lifetime was extended more significantly than that of Comparative Example A-9, which is the same lubricating oil but this alkanolamine is not incorporated.

(66) [Evaluation of Acid Value]

(67) The effect of decreasing an acid value by a combination of an dialkanolamine and a base oil was evaluated. Table 3 shows the evaluated combinations (Reference Examples 1 to 14). For the combinations in which alkanolamine was added, the alkanolamine was 2 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the base oil. Any of the added alkanolamine was diethanolamine (ADEKA KIKU-LUBE FM-812 manufactured by ADEKA Corporation). Furthermore, the PAO was Shinfluid 801 manufactured by Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., the ester oil was H2362 manufactured by HATCO Corporation, and the alkyl diphenyl ether oil was Moresco HILUBE LB100 manufactured by Matsumura Oil Co., Ltd.

(68) 10 g of the base oil shown in Table 3 was collected in a 30 mL beaker (2 g of an iron powder had been put therein in advance), and left at 150° C. for 260 hours, and the acid value (mgKOH/g) at that time was measured by a neutralization titration method. The results are shown in Table 3 and FIG. 7.

(69) TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Refer- Formulation (wt %) Addition ence Alkyl of Acid Exam- diphenyl Ester alkanol value Label of ple PAO ether oil oil amine mgKOH/g FIG. 5 1 100 — — Not added 3.82 PAO = 100 2 75 25 — Not added 3.78 PAO:ether = 75:25 3 25 75 — Not added 2.36 PAO:ether = 25:75 4 — 100 — Not added 1.62 ether = 100 5 75 — 25 Not added 4.40 PAO:ester = 75:25 6 25 — 75 Not added 4.02 PAO:ester = 25:75 7 — — 100 Not added 4.62 ester = 100 8 100 — — Added 4.95 PAO = 100 9 75 25 — Added 3.81 PAO:ether = 75:25 10 25 75 — Added 2.97 PAO:ether = 25:75 11 — 100 — Added 1.49 ether = 100 12 75 — 25 Added 3.53 PAO:ester = 75:25 13 25 — 75 Added 3.65 PAO:ester = 25:75 14 — — 100 Added 3.90 ester = 100

(70) As shown in Table 3 and FIG. 7, in Reference Example 8 in which alkanolamine was added to the PAO, the acid value increased compared to that in Reference Example 1 in which the PAO oil was used singly. Furthermore, in the reference examples containing an ester oil, the acid value was decreased by adding the alkanolamine.

Example B-1 to Example B-7, Comparative Example B-1 to Comparative Example B-7

(71) Firstly, a base oil was adjusted singly or by mixing by the formulation shown in Table 4. Secondly, MDI was dissolved in a half amount of the base oil, and cyclohexylamine in a double equivalent amount of MDI was dissolved in the residual half amount of the base oil. The solution in which cyclohexylamine had been dissolved was added to the solution in which the MDI had been dissolved under stirring, and the cyclohexylamine and MDI was reacted by continuing the stirring for 30 minutes at 100 to 120° C., whereby an alicyclic diurea compound was generated in the base oil to give a base grease. The incorporation ratio of the respective components constituting the thickener was adjusted so that the generated alicyclic diurea compound had the weight ratio of Table 4 with respect to the entirety of the grease. Alkanolamine was added thereto by the incorporation ratio shown in Table 4, and the mixture was further sufficiently stirred. The product was then homogenized by a triple roll to give a sample grease.

(72) The obtained grease was enclosed in a rolling bearing, and a rapid acceleration and deceleration test 2 shown below was conducted. The test method and test condition are shown below.

(73) <Rapid Acceleration and Deceleration Test 2>

(74) The above-mentioned grease was enclosed in a rolling bearing (the inner wheel, outer wheel and steel ball were made of bearing steel SUJ2) of inner wheel rotation, which supports a rotation axis, by simulating an alternator, which is an example of an electrical equipment component auxiliary machine, and a rapid acceleration and deceleration test was performed. For the conditions of the rapid acceleration and deceleration test, the conditions were preset to under an atmosphere of 120° C., a loading on the pulley attached to the tip of the rotation axis of 1,960 N, and a rotation velocity of from 0 rpm to 18,000 rpm, 1% by weight of iron powder was incorporated in the grease so as to promote the exposure of a newly-generated surface by abrasion, and the test was performed under a state in which an electrical current of 1.0 A was flown in a test bearing (6203). Furthermore, the time at which abnormal peeling was generated in the bearing, and the oscillation of an oscillation detector became a preset value or more and the bearing stopped (peeling generation lifetime, h) was measured. The case when the peeling generation lifetime was 20 hours or more was judged as “peeling test: ∘” and the case when the peeling generation lifetime was lower than 20 hours was judged as “peeling test: x”, and these cases are shown in Table 4.

(75) Furthermore, with respect to the base oils used in the respective Examples and Comparative Examples, with reference to the Reference Examples in Table 3, the case when the acid value after 260 hours had passed was 4.00 mgKOH/g or less was judged as “high temperature durability test: ∘, and the case when the acid value exceeded 4.00 mgKOH/g was judged as “high temperature durability test: x”, and these cases are shown in Table 4. In addition, for the examples to which alkanolamine was added in Table 4, the “added” of the addition of the alkanolamine in the above-mentioned Reference Examples was referred to, whereas for the examples to which alkanolamine was added, the “not added” of the addition of alkanolamine in the above-mentioned Reference Examples was referred to.

(76) TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Examples Comparative Examples B-1 B-2 B-3 B-4 B-5 B-6 B-7 B-1 B-2 B-3 B-4 B-5 B-6 B-7 Formulation of base oil (wt %) Alkyl diphenyl ether.sup.1) 25 75 100 — — — — — 25 75 100 — — — Ester oil.sup.2) — — — 25 75 100 — — — — — 25 75 100 PAO.sup.3) 75 25 — 75 25 — 100 100 75 25 — 75 25 — Formulation of grease composition (wt %) Base oil (the formulation is 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 shown in the upper column) Thickener: alicyclic diurea 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 Additive: diethanolamine.sup.4) 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 — — — — — — — Characteristics High temperature durability test ∘ ∘ ∘ ∘ ∘ ∘ x ∘ ∘ ∘ ∘ x x x Peeling test ∘ ∘ ∘ ∘ ∘ ∘ ∘ x x x x x x x .sup.1)Kinetic viscosity at 40° C.: 97 mm.sup.2/s (Moresco Hilube LB100 manufactured by Matsumura Oil Co., Ltd.) .sup.2)Kinetic viscosity at 40° C.: 72 mm.sup.2/s (H2362 manufactured by HATCO) .sup.3)Kinetic viscosity at 40° C.: 47 mm.sup.2/s (Shinfluid 801 manufactured by Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) .sup.4)Adeka Kiku-Lube FM-812 manufactured by ADEKA Corporation

(77) As shown in Table 4, in the respective Examples in which alkanolamine (diethanolamine) was incorporated, the peeling generation lifetime was extended more than those of the respective Comparative Examples. The reason therefor is considered that the specific peeling associated with white tissue change by the hydrogen brittleness generated on the rolling surface can be effectively prevented. On the other hand, Comparative Examples B1 to B7 in which alkanolamine was not incorporated, the results were poor in peeling resistance.

Example C-1 to Example C-3, and Comparative Example C-1 to Comparative Example C-2

(78) MDI was dissolved at the ratio shown in Table 5 in a half amount of the base oil, and a monoamine in a double equivalent amount of the MDI was dissolved in the residual half amount of the base oil. The respective incorporation ratios and kinds are as shown in the table. The solution in which the monoamine had been dissolved was added to the solution in which the MDI had been dissolved under stirring, and the monoamine and MDI reacted by continuing the stirring for 30 minutes at 100 to 120° C., whereby a diurea compound was generated in the base oil to obtain a base grease. The respective additives were added thereto by the incorporation ratio shown in Table 5 and further stirred sufficiently. The product was then homogenized by a triple roll to obtain a sample grease.

(79) The obtained grease was enclosed in a rolling bearing, and a rapid acceleration and deceleration test 3, a high temperature durability test and a rust test shown below were performed. The test method and test conditions are shown below.

(80) <Rapid Acceleration and Deceleration Test 3>

(81) The above-mentioned grease was enclosed in a rolling bearing (the inner wheel, outer wheel and steel ball were made of bearing steel SUJ2, Model No. 6203LLU (with a seal)) of inner wheel rotation, which supports a rotation axis, by simulating an alternator which is an example of an electrical component auxiliary machine, and a rapid acceleration and deceleration test was performed. For the conditions of the rapid acceleration and deceleration test, the conditions were preset under a room temperature atmosphere (25° C.), a loading on the pulley attached to the tip of the rotation axis of 1,960 N, and a rotation velocity of 0 rpm to 20,000 rpm, and the test was performed under a state in which an electrical current of 0.5 A flows in a test bearing. Furthermore, the time at which abnormal peeling was generated in the bearing, and the oscillation of an oscillation detector became a preset value or more and the bearing stopped (peeling generation lifetime, h) was measured. The results are shown in Table 5.

(82) <High Temperature Durability Test>

(83) The above-mentioned grease was enclosed in a rolling bearing (inner diameter of 20 mm×outer diameter of 47 mm×thickness of 14 mm, Model No. 6204ZZ (with a seal)), and the rolling bearing was rotated under an axial load of 67 N and a radial load of 67 N at a bearing temperature of 150° C. and a rotation velocity of 10,000 rpm, and the time to reach burn-in (high temperature durability lifetime, h) was measured. The result is shown in Table 5. The result is an average value of three tests (time, h).

(84) <Rust Test>

(85) A rust test was performed in accordance with the rust test method defined in ASTM D 1743, under severer test conditions against generation of rust. 2.0 g of the obtained grease was enclosed in a conical roller bearing 30204, which was degreased with an organic solvent in advance and dried, and the bearing was subjected to a pre-conditioning operation by applying an axial load of 98 N at 1,800 rotations per minutes for 1 minute. Secondly, the bearing was immersed in 1% by weight of brine, and the bearing was put into a sealable high humidity container that had reached a saturated water vapor pressure at 40° C., and left at 40° C. for 48 hours, and the situation of generation of rust was investigated. The situation of generation of rust was obtained by dividing the outer wheel race into 32 equal regions, the numbers of the regions in which rust was present was counted, and the probability of generation of rust was measured. The result is shown in Table 5. The number of the tests was four (the total number of the regions was 128).

(86) TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 Comparative Examples Examples C-1 C-2 C-3 C-1 C-2 Formulation of base 57 57 57 57 57 grease (wt %) Base oil PAO.sup.1) Ester oil.sup.2) 31 31 31 31 31 Thickener 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 Amine: p-toluidine Amine: octylamine 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 Isocyanate: 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 4,4-diphenyl- methanediisocyanate.sup.3) Formulation of 99 97 95 100 90 grease composition (wt %) Base grease (the formulation is shown in the upper column) Additive: diethanol 1 3 5 0 10 amine.sup.4) Characteristics 23.4 24.4 26.2 21.8 26.3 Peeling generation lifetime, h Probability of 48/128 42/128 49/128 119/128 18/128 generation of rust High temperature 791 809 1246 770 368 durability lifetime, h .sup.1)Kinetic viscosity at 40° C.: 30 mm.sup.2/s (Shinfluid 601 manufactured by Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) .sup.2)Kinetic viscosity at 40° C.: 12 mm.sup.2/s (Reolube DOS manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals Inc.) .sup.3)Millionate MT manufactured by Nippon Polyurethane Industry Co., Ltd. .sup.4)ADEKA KIKU-LUBE FM-812 manufactured by ADEKA Corporation

(87) As shown in Table 5, generation of rust was prevented by incorporating alkanolamine (diethanolamine). Specifically, generation of rust was prevented while maintaining the peeling prevention property and high temperature durability by incorporating a predetermined amount of an alkanolamine.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

(88) The rolling bearing of the present invention can prevent specific peeling associated with white tissue change due to hydrogen brittleness, which generates on a rolling surface, and thus can be preferably utilized as rolling bearings used for electrical components and auxiliary machines for automobiles such as alternators, electromagnetic clutches for automobile air conditioners, fan coupling devices, intermediate pulleys and electric fan motors; rolling bearings used for motors for industrial machines and for driving electric automobiles; rolling bearings used for machine tools; and bearings used for speed-up gears for wind-power generation devices and used in reducers for construction machines.

EXPLANATION OF REFERENCE SYMBOLS AND NUMERALS

(89) 1 Rolling bearing 2 Inner wheel 3 Outer wheel 4 Rolling body 5 Cage 6 Seal element 7 Lubricant composition 8a, 8b Opening 9 Jacket 10 Stator 11 Rotation axis 12 Winding 13 Rotor 14 Commutator 15 Brush holder 16 Brush 17 End frame 21 Speed-up gear main body 22 Input axis 23 Output axis 24 Housing 25 Lubricating oil 26 Planetary gear mechanism 27 Secondary speed-up gear 28 Carrier 29 Planetary gear 30 Ring gear 31 Sun gear 32 Intermediate output axis 33 to 36 Gear 37 Rolling bearing 41 Oil chamber 42 Stirring chamber 43 Divider plate 44 Port 45 Spring 46 Bimetal 47 Piston 48 Drive disk 49 Circulation hole 50 Drive axis 51 Cooling fan 52 Case 61a, 61b Frame 62 Rotor 63 Rotor rotation axis 64 Rotor coil 65 Stator 66 Stator coil 67 Pulley 68 Pulley main body