SILICON-CONTAINING ORGANIC ACID DERIVATIVES AS ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY AFFF EXTINGUISHING AGENTS

Abstract

The invention relates to a fire fighting foam concentrate comprising a first surfactant, the first surfactant having an acid group as well as an oligosilane unit and/or oligosiloxane unit. The invention further relates to a method for extinguishing fires, comprising the steps of: providing a fire fighting foam concentrate; adding the fire fighting foam concentrate to water to obtain a mixture and bringing the fire into contact with the mixture; wherein the fire fighting foam concentrate is a fire fighting foam concentrate according to the invention. A further object of the invention is the use of a surfactant as an additive to fire fighting foams and/or fire fighting foam concentrates, the surfactant comprising an acid group as well as an oligosilane unit and/or oligosiloxane unit. An example is the following:

##STR00001##

Claims

1. A fire fighting foam concentrate comprising a first surfactant, wherein the first surfactant comprises an acid group and/or or a deprotonated acid group and an oligosilane unit and/or oligosiloxane unit.

2. The fire fighting foam concentrate according to claim 1, wherein the acid group is a carboxyl group and/or a sulfonic acid group.

3. The fire fighting foam concentrate according to claim 1, further comprising an alkylglycoside or alkylpolyglycoside.

4. The fire fighting foam concentrate according to claim 1, further comprising one or more additives which are selected from the group: foaming agents, film formers, film stabilizers, gelling agents, antifreeze agents, preservatives, corrosion inhibitors, solubilizers, buffers.

5. The fire fighting foam concentrate according to claim 1, wherein the first surfactant is present in an amount of ≧0.5 wt.-% to ≦100 wt.-% based on the total weight of the concentrate.

6. The fire fighting foam concentrate according to claim 1, wherein the first surfactant is described by one of the following general formulas: ##STR00040## wherein: A is an unsubstituted or substituted residue which carries an acid group or a deprotonated acid group; B is an optional linker structure consisting of at least one atom or one chain; C is a oligosilane residue or an oligosiloxane residue; and D is an oligosiloxane residue.

7. The fire fighting foam concentrate according to claim 6, wherein C is described by one of the following formulas: ##STR00041## wherein each R is independently ethyl or methyl, n (each independently) represents 1, 2 or 3, and j, k, m are 1-9, wherein 1≦j+k+m≦10; ##STR00042## wherein each R is independently ethyl or methyl, each X is independently (CH.sub.2).sub.n or O, wherein n (each independently) is 1, 2 or 3, and j, k, m are 1-9, where wherein 1≦j+k+m≦10; and ##STR00043## wherein each R is independently ethyl or methyl, each X is independently (CH.sub.2).sub.n or O, wherein n (each independently) is 1, 2 or 3, and j, k are 1-9, wherein 1≦j+k≦10.

8. The fire fighting foam concentrate according to claim 1, wherein the first surfactant is selected from the following group: ##STR00044## ##STR00045## ##STR00046## and/or salts of the aforementioned compounds.

9. A method for extinguishing fires, comprising the steps of: providing a fire fighting foam concentrate; adding the fire fighting foam concentrate to water in order to obtain a mixture; contacting a fire site with the mixture; characterized in that the fire fighting foam concentrate is a fire fighting foam concentrate according to claim 1.

10. Use of a surfactant as an additive to fire fighting foams and/or fire fighting foam concentrates, wherein the surfactant comprises an acid group and/or or a deprotonated acid group and an oligosilane unit and/or oligosiloxane unit.

Description

EXAMPLE 1

[0108] Investigated Compound:

##STR00017##

TABLE-US-00001 Concentr. Eq. of Concentr. example [g/l] base Glucopon (g/l) Spreading behaviour 20 2 0 Spreads badly 10 2 0 Does not spread 20 1 0 Spreads very badly 10 1 0 Does not spread 20 0 0 Does not spread 20 0 6.7 Spreads very badly

[0109] In the following investigation 1 equivalent of base was added:

TABLE-US-00002 cmc [mmol/l] σ.sub.LW, min [mN/m] σ.sub.WO, min [mN/m] S [mN/m] 20.6 22.4 2.4 0.1

EXAMPLE 2

[0110] Investigated Compound:

##STR00018##

TABLE-US-00003 Concentr. Eq. of Concentr. example [g/l] base Glucopon (g/l) Spreading behaviour 20 0 0 Does not spread 20 0 6.7 Spreads very badly

[0111] In the following investigation Glucopon was added:

TABLE-US-00004 cmc [mmol/l] σ.sub.LW, min [mN/m] σ.sub.WO, min [mN/m] S [mN/m] 0.33 21.8 1.9 1.2

EXAMPLE 3

[0112] Investigated Compound:

##STR00019##

TABLE-US-00005 Concentr. Concentr. Spreading example [g/l] Eq. of base Glucopon (g/l) behaviour 10 1 0 Spreads badly 2.0 1 0 Does not spread 1.3 1 0 Does not spread

EXAMPLE 4

[0113] Investigated Compound:

##STR00020##

TABLE-US-00006 Concentr. Concentr. Spreading example [g/l] Eq. of base Glucopon (g/l) behaviour 2.0 0 0 Does not spread 1.3 0 0 Does not spread 4.0 0 6.7 Spreads badly

TABLE-US-00007 cmc [mmol/l] σ.sub.LW,min [mN/m] σ.sub.WO,min [mN/m] S [mN/m] 0.25 22.7 1.1 1.1

EXAMPLE 5

[0114] Investigated Compound:

##STR00021##

TABLE-US-00008 Concentr. Concentr. Spreading example [g/l] Eq. of base Glucopon (g/l) behaviour 2.0 2 0 Does not spread 1.3 2 0 Does not spread 2.0 0 6.7 Spreads well 1.3 0 6.7 Spreads well 0.9 0 6.7 Spreads moderately 0.6 0 6.7 Spreads badly 0.4 0 6.7 Does not spread

[0115] In the following investigation 2 equivalents of base were added:

TABLE-US-00009 cmc [mmol/l] σ.sub.LW,min [mN/m] σ.sub.WO,min [mN/m] S [mN/m] 1.53 21.3 0.1 3.5

EXAMPLE 6

[0116] Investigated Compound:

##STR00022##

TABLE-US-00010 Concentr. Concentr. Spreading example [g/l] Eq. of base Glucopon (g/l) behaviour 2.0 2 0 Does not spread 1.3 2 0 Does not spread 4.0 0 6.7 Spreads very well 2.0 0 6.7 Spreads well 1.3 0 6.7 Spreads hardly 0.9 0 6.7 Does not spread 0.6 0 6.7 Does not spread

TABLE-US-00011 cmc [mmol/l] σ.sub.LW,min [mN/m] σ.sub.WO,min [mN/m] S [mN/m] 0.26 22.5 0.4 2.0

EXAMPLE 7

[0117] Investigated Compound:

##STR00023##

TABLE-US-00012 Concentr. Concentr. Spreading example [g/l] Eq. of base Glucopon (g/l) behaviour 2.0 1 0 Does not spread 1.3 1 0 Does not spread 16.0 0 6.7 Spreads badly 2.0 0 6.7 Does not spread 1.3 0 6.7 Does not spread 0.9 0 6.7 Does not spread 0.6 0 6.7 Does not spread

[0118] In the following investigation Glucopon was added:

TABLE-US-00013 cmc [mmol/l] σ.sub.LW,min [mN/m] σ.sub.WO,min [mN/m] S [mN/m] 2.28 22.2 1.2 1.5

EXAMPLE 8

[0119] Investigated Compound:

##STR00024##

TABLE-US-00014 Concentr. Concentr. Spreading example [g/l] Eq. of base Glucopon (g/l) behaviour 2.0 0 0 Does not spread 1.3 0 0 Does not spread 0.9 0 0 Does not spread 2.0 0 6.7 Spreads very well 1.3 0 6.7 Spreads very well 0.9 0 6.7 Spreads well 0.6 0 6.7 Does not spread

TABLE-US-00015 cmc [mmol/l] σ.sub.LW,min [mN/m] σ.sub.WO,min [mN/m] S [mN/m] 0.47 21.4 0.5 3.0

EXAMPLE 9

[0120] Investigated Compound:

##STR00025##

TABLE-US-00016 Concentr. Concentr. Spreading example [g/l] Eq. of base Glucopon (g/l) behaviour 2.0 0 0 Spreads well 1.3 0 0 Spreads well 0.9 0 0 Spreads moderately 0.6 0 0 Spreads badly 0.4 0 0 Does not spread 2.0 0 6.7 Spreads well 1.3 0 6.7 Spreads well 0.9 0 6.7 Spreads moderately 0.6 0 6.7 Spreads badly 0.4 0 6.7 Does not spread

[0121] In the following investigation Glucopon was added:

TABLE-US-00017 cmc [mmol/l] σ.sub.LW,min [mN/m] σ.sub.WO,min [mN/m] S [mN/m] 2.11 22.3 1.0 1.6

EXAMPLE 10

[0122] Investigated Compound:

##STR00026##

TABLE-US-00018 Concentr. Concentr. Spreading example [g/l] Eq. of base Glucopon (g/l) behaviour 2.0 0 0 Does not spread 2.0 0 6.7 Does not spread

EXAMPLE 11

[0123] Investigated Compound:

##STR00027##

TABLE-US-00019 Concentr. Concentr. Spreading example [g/l] Eq. of base Glucopon (g/l) behaviour 2.0 0 0 Does not spread 2.0 0 6.7 Does not spread

EXAMPLE 12

[0124] Investigated Compound:

##STR00028##

TABLE-US-00020 Concentr. Spreading example [g/l] Eq. of base Concentr. Glucopon (g/l) behaviour 2.0 0 0 Spreads well 2.0 0 6.7 Spreads very well

EXAMPLE 13

[0125] Investigated Compound:

##STR00029##

TABLE-US-00021 Concentr. Spreading example [g/l] Eq. of base Concentr. Glucopon (g/l) behaviour 2.0 0 0 Does not spread 2.0 0 6.7 Spreads very well

EXAMPLE 14

[0126] Investigated Compound:

##STR00030##

TABLE-US-00022 Concentr. Concentr. Glucopon example [g/l] Eq. of base (g/l) Spreading behaviour 6.0 1 0 Spreads well 3.6 1 0 Spreads well 2.2 1 0 Spreads moderately 1.3 1 0 Spreads badly 0.8 1 0 Spreads badly 0.5 1 0 Does not spread 1.5 0 6.7 Spreads very well 1.1 0 6.7 Spreads very well 0.8 0 6.7 Spreads well 0.6 0 6.7 Spreads moderately 0.5 0 6.7 Does not spread

TABLE-US-00023 cmc [mmol/l] σ.sub.LW,min [mN/m] σ.sub.WO,min [mN/m] S [mN/m] 0.20 21.4 0.7 2.8

EXAMPLE 15

[0127] Investigated Compound:

##STR00031##

TABLE-US-00024 Concentr. Eq. example [g/l] of base Concentr. Glucopon (g/l) Spreading behaviour 2.0 0 0 Does not spread 2.0 0 6.7 Spreads moderately

EXAMPLE 16

[0128] Investigated Compound:

##STR00032##

TABLE-US-00025 Concentr. Eq. example [g/l] of base Concentr. Glucopon (g/l) Spreading behaviour 2.0 0 0 Does not spread 2.0 0 6.7 Spreads moderately

TABLE-US-00026 cmc [mmol/l] σ.sub.LW,min [mN/m] σ.sub.WO,min [mN/m] S [mN/m] 42.2 23.1 1.5 0.3

EXAMPLE 17

[0129] Investigated Compound:

##STR00033##

TABLE-US-00027 Concentr. Spreading example [g/l] Eq. of base Concentr. Glucopon (g/l) behaviour 2.0 1.0 0 Does not spread 2.0 1.0 6.7 Spreads badly

EXAMPLE 18

[0130] Investigated Compound:

##STR00034##

TABLE-US-00028 Concentr. Spreading example [g/l] Eq. of base Concentr. Glucopon (g/l) behaviour 4.0 1.0 0 Spreads well 4.0 1.0 6.7 Spreads very well

TABLE-US-00029 Concentr. Concentr. σ.sub.LW,min example [g/l] Eq. of base Glucopon (g/l) [mN/m] σ.sub.WO,min [mN/m] 5.0 1 0 19.3 0.7 5.0 1 6.7 20.2 0.6

EXAMPLE 19

[0131] Investigated Compound:

##STR00035##

TABLE-US-00030 Concentr. Concentr. σ.sub.LW,min example [g/l] Eq. of base Glucopon (g/l) [mN/m] σ.sub.WO,min [mN/m] 5 1 0 23.8 7.3 2.5 0 6.7 20.7 0.3

EXAMPLE 20

[0132] Investigated Compound:

##STR00036##

TABLE-US-00031 Concentr. Concentr. σ.sub.LW,min example [g/l] Eq. of base Glucopon (g/l) [mN/m] σ.sub.WO,min [mN/m] 5 1 0 19.1 5.27 5 0 6.7 19.7 0.77 5 1 6.7 21.7 —

EXAMPLE 21

[0133] Investigated Compound:

##STR00037##

TABLE-US-00032 Concentr. Concentr. σ.sub.LW,min example [g/l] Eq. of base Glucopon (g/l) [mN/m] σ.sub.WO,min [mN/m] 5 1 0 19.6 2.22 5 0 6.7 20.0 0.1

EXAMPLE 22

[0134] Investigated Compound:

##STR00038##

TABLE-US-00033 Concentr. Concentr. σ.sub.LW,min example [g/l] Eq. of base Glucopon (g/l) [mN/m] σ.sub.WO,min [mN/m] 5.0 1 0 22.9 — 5.0 1 6.7 21.2 —

EXAMPLE 23

[0135] Investigated Compound:

##STR00039##

TABLE-US-00034 Concentr. Concentr. σ.sub.LW,min example [g/l] Eq. of base Glucopon (g/l) [mN/m] σ.sub.WO,min [mN/m] 5.0 1 0 24.7 — 5.0 1 6.7 — —

[0136] The individual combinations of the components and the features of the embodiments mentioned above are exemplary, the exchange and substitution of these teachings with other teachings included in this publication with the cited references are also expressly contemplated. A person skilled in the art will recognize that variations, modifications and other embodiments described herein may also occur without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

[0137] Accordingly, the above description is to be considered exemplary rather than limiting. The term “comprise” or “include” used in the claims does not exclude other elements or steps. The indefinite article “a” or “an” does not exclude the importance of a plural. The mere fact that certain measures are recited in mutually different claims, does not imply that a combination of these measures cannot be used to advantage. The scope of the invention is defined by the following claims and the associated equivalents.