METHOD FOR DIRECTLY PREPARING A FERTILIZER BY USING STRAWS AND PREPARED STRAW ORGANIC FERTILIZER

Abstract

A method for preparing a fertilizer using straws and prepared straw organic fertilizer; the method includes: composting straws, spraying a compositing microbial solution containing amino acids to start decomposition of straws, and adjusting humidity of a straw compost, times of spraying a solution of product nutrients, component of the solution to obtain an up-to-standard commercial straw organic fertilizer; and keeping the composting temperature about 70° C. for long time by adjusting the turning time of the straw compost and collocation time of spraying the solution. The method is based on rich organic matters and nutrients in straws, and need for organic fertilization by soil and the like, and by improving the nutrition condition and growing condition of microorganisms of the straw compost, crop straws are directly prepared into high-quality commercial organic fertilizer in short time, so crop straws are completely utilized, and high-quality commercial organic fertilizer product is provided for fertilization.

Claims

1-10. (canceled)

11. A method for directly preparing a fertilizer by using straws, comprising: (1) stacking the raw straws after shipping into a straw pile of 5 meters or higher in height; performing the first spray by spraying as pray solution directly on the straws, wherein the liquid volume in the first spray is controlled to such an extent that an aqueous solution flows out from the bottom of the pile; performing the second spray when the temperature of the pile reaches 70° C. and continues for 3-5 days; performing the third spray after 3-5 days of high temperature composting after the second spray; and spraying once every 3 to 5 days hereafter, so that a straw compost is prepared after 6-7 operations as such, wherein the liquid volume in the second and later sprays is controlled to such an extent that the water content in the pile reaches 55-60% , and no more aqueous solution flows out from the bottom of the pile; wherein the solution in the first spray is a solution formed by mixing a compositing microbial solution with an aqueous amino acid solution at a volume ratio of 9:1; the solution in the second spray is a solution formed by adding, to the solution of the first spray, ammonium sulfate of 1-5% (W/V) based on the volume of the spray solution; and the solution in the third and later sprays is 1-3% (W/V) aqueous ammonium sulfate solution+1% (W/V) aqueous potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, in which the volume ratio (V/V) of the aqueous ammonium sulfate solution to the aqueous potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution is 1:1.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein the composting microbe is NJZ5 deposited in China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC) under CGMCC Accession No. 3309 on Sep. 22, 2009.

13. The method according to claim 11, wherein the aqueous amino acid solution is prepared by acidolysis by adding sulfuric acid to the lean meat of pigs died of illness, wherein the acidolysis comprises hydrolyzing the lean meat at 80-90° C. for 5-7 hrs with sulfuric acid having a concentration of 5-7 mol/L, and the material ratio of the lean meat to the 5-7 mol/L sulfuric acid is 1:1.5-2.5.

14. The method according to claim 11, wherein when the temperature of the pile reaches 70° C. and continues for 3-5 days after the first spray, the first turning is performed and then the second spray of the composting solution is performed immediately after the turning such that the water content in the compositing material reaches 55-60% , upon which the composting temperature is 45-55° C., the pile temperature rises to 70° C. or higher again after 24 hrs and continues for 3-5 days, and then the second turning and the third spray of the composting solution are performed, so that the straw compost is prepared after 6-7 operations as such.

15. The method according to claim 14, wherein the turning is performed once every 3 to 8 days, and the spray is performed immediately after the turning, during the preparation of the compost.

16. The method according to claim 15, wherein the turning is performed once every 5 days and the spray is performed immediately after the turning, during the preparation of the compost.

17. The method according to claim 14, wherein upon turning, the composting material is exposed to the oxygen fully by bringing it into contact with the air for a period of time as long as possible.

18. The method according to claim 11, wherein after the first spray, the liquid flowing out from the bottom of the pile is totally collected and recovered, and re-used in the second spray.

19. The method according to claim 11, further comprising a screening and packaging step after the preparation of the compost.

20. A straw organic fertilizer prepared according to the method as set forth in claim 11.

21. The method according to claim 15, wherein upon turning, the composting material is exposed to the oxygen fully by bringing it into contact with the air for a period of time as long as possible.

22. The method according to claim 16, wherein upon turning, the composting material is exposed to the oxygen fully by bringing it into contact with the air for a period of time as long as possible.

23. A straw organic fertilizer prepared according to the method as set forth in claim 12.

24. A straw organic fertilizer prepared according to the method as set forth in claim 13.

25. A straw organic fertilizer prepared according to the method as set forth in claim 14.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

EXAMPLE 1

[0035] A method for directly preparing a fertilizer by using straws comprised the following steps.

[0036] (1)The straws have no need to be powdered. Instead the raw straws after shipping were stacked into a straw pile of 5 meters or more in height, and then the formulated compositing microbial solution for straws and the aqueous amino acid solution were directly sprayed on the straws. The liquid volume in the first spray is controlled to such an extent that an aqueous solution flowed out from the bottom of the pile. The liquid flowing out from the bottom of the pile was totally collected and recovered, and re-used in the second spray. The solution in the first spray was formed by the composting microbial solution+the aqueous amino acid solution accounting for 10% by volume of the microbial solution. In the compositing microbial solution, the culturable number of colonies (spores+mycelia) of NJZ5 was greater than or equal to 1×10.sup.9 colonies/ml. The composition of the solution in the first spray was 90 ml composting microbial solution+10 ml aqueous amino acid solution.

[0037] (2)When the temperature of the pile reached 70° C. and continued for 3-5 days after the first spray, turning was needed. Upon turning, the composting material was exposed to the oxygen fully by bringing it into contact with the air for a period of time as long as possible. After turning, the second spray of the composting solution was performed immediately such that the water content in the compositing material reached 55-60%. At this time, the composting temperature was about 50° C. The solution in the second spray was a solution formed by adding, to the solution of the first spray, ammonium sulfate of 3% (g/100 ml) based on the volume of the spray solution.

[0038] (3) 24 hrs after the second spray, the pile temperature rose to 70° C. or higher, and continued for 3-5 days. Then the second turning and the third spray of the composting solution were performed. The solution in the third and later sprays was 1% (g/100 ml) aqueous ammonium sulfate solution+1% (g/100 ml) aqueous potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution. The volume ratio of the aqueous ammonium sulfate solution to the aqueous potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution was 1:1.The straw compost was prepared after 6-7 operations as such (in a total of about a month). The product meets the “organic fertilizer standard (NY525-2012)”, and fertility parameters are as follows:

TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Item Index Mass percentages of organic matter (on the basis of dry matter), % 50 Mass percentages of total nutrients (nitrogen + phosphorus 6 pentoxide + potassium oxide) (on the basis of dry matter), % Mass percentages of water (fresh), % 20 pH value 6.3