TEXTILE HEAT-, FIRE- AND/OR SMOKE-PROOF MATERIAL

Abstract

A textile heat-, fire- and/or smoke-proof material, comprising a flat, textile substrate which is coated with a polymer composition. The polymer composition containing a cross-linked silicone resin and metal pigments. The invention also relates to a method for producing a textile heat-, fire- and/or smoke-proof material, and to the use of a textile structure as a heat protector in a vehicle(s) and as fire and heat protection in a building(s).

Claims

1. A textile protection material for at least one of heat, fire or smoke comprising: a textile sheet substrate coated or impregnated in whole or in part with a polymer composition comprising a cross-linked polysiloxane and metal pigments.

2. The textile protection material for at least one of heat, fire or smoke according to claim 1, wherein the crosslinked polysiloxane has pendant groups, and the pendant groups are independent of each other.

3. The textile protection material for at least one of heat, fire or smoke according to claim 1, wherein the polymer composition contains at least one further polymer different from crosslinked polysilo-xane.

4. The textile protection material for at least one of heat, fire or smoke according to claim 1, wherein the textile sheet-like substrate is a woven, scrim or nonwoven fabric.

5. The textile protection material for at least one of heat, fire, or smoke according to claim 1, wherein the textile, sheet-like substrate contains fibers.

6. The textile protection material for at least one of heat, fire or smoke according to claim 1, wherein the metal pigments are aluminum pigments.

7. The textile protection material for at least one of heat, fire or smoke according to claim 1, wherein the metal pigments are in the form of platelets or flakes and have a maximum diameter of 1 to 100 μm, in an area, which can be determined by sieve analysis.

8. The textile protection material for at least one of heat, fire or smoke according to claim 1, wherein the proportion of metal pigments in the polymer composition comprises at least 7% by weight.

9. A method for preparing a textile protection material for at least one of heat, fire or smoke according to claim 1, comprising the steps: Providing a textile, sheet-like substrate; applying an aqueous dispersion or an emulsion to at least a portion of the substrate, and the dispersion or emulsion comprising an emulsified or dispersed silicone resin and metal pigments; Curing the applied dispersion or emulsion to form a coating.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the dispersion or emulsion is in the form of a co-dispersion or co-emulsion additionally comprising a dispersed or emulsified polymer other than polysiloxane.

11. The method according to claim 9, wherein on only one upper surface of the textile sheet-like substrate the dispersion or emulsion is applied.

12. The method according to claim 9, wherein the solids content of the dispersion or emulsion, at the time of application, is above 50% by weight.

13. The method according to claim 9, wherein the dispersion or emulsion, at the time of application, has a viscosity of 500 to 40,000 mPa.Math.s, determinable by a Brookfield method.

14. The method according to claim 9, wherein the curing of the dispersion or emulsion is essentially effected by drying and subsequent activation in a temperature range between 100 and 300° C.

15. Use of a textile protection material for at least one of heat, fire or smoke according to claim 1 and obtainable by a method comprising the steps: providing a textile, sheet-like substrate; applying an aqueous dispersion or an emulsion to at least a portion of the substrate, and the dispersion or emulsion comprising an emulsified or dispersed silicone resin and metal pigments; and curing the applied dispersion or emulsion to form a coating and the textile protection material being used as a heat protector in a vehicle and as a fire and heat protector in a building.

16. The textile protection material for at least one of heat, fire or smoke according to claim 1, wherein the metal pigments are in the form of platelets or flakes or have a maximum diameter of 1 to 100 μm in an area, which can be determined by sieve analysis.

17. Use of a textile protection material for at least one of heat, fire or smoke according to claim 1 as a heat protector in a vehicle and as a fire and heat protector in a building.

18. Use of a textile protection material for at least one of heat, fire or smoke obtainable according to claim 9 as a heat protector in a vehicle and as a fire and heat protector in a building.

Description

EXAMPLE

[0063] The following example is for illustrative purposes and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0064] An isoGLAS filament fabric (GIVIDI) with a weight of 420 g/m.sup.2 and a thickness of 0.5 mm was used as the textile, flat substrate. Table 1 lists the starting raw materials of two exemplary aqueous coatings.

[0065] The examples according to the invention are hereinafter referred to as test specimen 1 (PK1) and test specimen 2 (PK2).

TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Proportion of Proportion of Chemical Trade name composition composition Designation characterisation (manufacturer) for PK1 for PK2 Si-resin aqueous Me/Ph-Si Silres 86.20 wt.-% 68.67 wt.-% resin emulsion EP 52 M (solid content (Wacker 50%) Silicone) Prepolymer aqueous Acrylat- (nolax AG) n/a 17.17 wt.-% content in dispersion Co- (solid content dispersion 60%) Al-pigment aqueous non- Aquamet 12.88 wt.-% 12.88 wt.-% leafing Aluminium CP/2600/60 paste, 60% Schlenk solid content Defoamer Combination of Agitan 701  0.02 wt.-% n/a liquid hydrocarbons, Münzing silicones, ox-alkylated compounds, modified solids and non-ionic emulsifiers Thickening Polyacrylate BorchiGel A  0.9 wt.-%  1.28 wt.-% agent based LA OMG Borchers

[0066] For comparison, the following four samples were used, which will be referred to as comparison samples (VM) in the following: [0067] VM1: isoGLAS filament fabric with coating according to Table 1, but without Al pigments. [0068] VM2: Glass fabric, 430 g/m.sup.2, with multiple coatings based on polysi-loxane, product TG-430-G-SI from Valmieras Stikla Ski-edra AS, intended as a heat layer in the automotive sector; [0069] VM3: glass fabric with stainless steel threads, with a polyurethane-based coating containing, among others, Al pigments, product TG-550/9LV4A F120 1 from HKO Heat Protection Group; [0070] VM4: isoGLAS filament fabric coated with a heat-sealable adhesive comprising ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer dispersion and silicone resins, and an aluminum foil.

[0071] Production of the Test Specimens

[0072] The isoGLAS filament fabric (approx. 60×30 cm) was coated on one side with the respective aqueous formulation for PK1 and PK2 (approx. 80 g/m.sup.2, dry). Subsequently, the sample was oven dried at 50° C. for 20 min and activated at 230° C. for 20 min. The sample sizes required for the test methods (to be taken from the method specification in each case) were cut to size. Positioning of the samples during one day.

[0073] Preparation of the Reference Samples

[0074] For VM1, an isoGLAS filament fabric with a weight of 420 g/m.sup.2 and a thickness of 0.5 mm (approx. 60×30 cm) was coated on one side with an aqueous formulation (approx. 80 g/m.sup.2, dry). The aqueous formulation consisted of 99 wt % aqueous Me/Ph-Si resin emulsion (50% solids, Silres EP 52 M) and 1 wt % polyacrylate-based thickener (BorchiGel A LA). The sample was oven dried at 50° C. for 20 min and activated at 230° C. for 20 min. The sample sizes required for the test methods were cut to size. Storage of the samples during one day.

[0075] For VM2 and VM3, commercially available products from the automotive and heat protection sectors were purchased (details above).

[0076] For VM4, an isoGLAS filament fabric (GIVIDI) with a weight of 420 g/m.sup.2 and a thickness of 0.5 mm (approx. 60×30 cm) was provided. In addition, an aqueous formulation was provided consisting of 35 wt. % heat-sealable adhesive based on aqueous ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer dispersion (nolax S35.3110), 52 wt. % aqueous Me/Ph-Si resin emulsion (50% solids content, Sil-res MPF 52 M from Wacker Silicone), 13 wt. % calcined kaolin (Kamin 70), 0.02 wt. % defoamer (Agitan 701, Munzing) and 0.5 wt. % dispersant. The aqueous formulation was applied to the matte side of a 25 m thick aluminum foil (approx. 70 g/m.sup.2). Directly into the still wet film, the isoGLAS filament fabric (a piece of approx. 20×30 cm) was now placed lengthwise (with the reverse side facing down) and evenly pressed on. The sample was dried in the oven at 50° C. for 20 min and activated at 230° C. for 20 min. The sample sizes required for the test methods were cut. Storage of the samples during one day.

[0077] Heat Resistance Infrared Steel (Standard DBL5307-5.2)

[0078] To test the heat resistance, the test specimens (including reference specimens) were cut to a size of 25×25 cm. The test specimens were sprayed in the center on a size of approx. 2.5×2.5 cm with a heat-resistant paint (exhaust paint).

[0079] The test specimens were placed on a stainless tungsten wire mesh. An infrared source was placed below the test specimen at a distance of 20 mm from the grate. A Krelus quartz radiator with a nominal power of 2 KW was used as the infrared radiator.

[0080] The IR illuminator was aligned with the specimen. The temperature of the IR emitter was measured by a first pyrometer located in the emitter and set to 459° C. A second pyrometer was placed on the side of the specimen facing away from the IR emitter, at a distance of 2 cm from the specimen. A second pyrometer was placed on the side of the specimen facing away from the IR emitter, at a distance of 2 cm from the specimen. The specimen was irradiated at a temperature of 459° C. for 2 hours. The temperature differences between the first and the second pyrometer (heat delta) at the beginning of the two-hour irradiation (Δ1) and at the end of the two-hour irradiation (Δ2) were determined.

[0081] Burn Test (Standard DBL 5307-5.3).

[0082] The firing test was carried out using a BBW type furnace from Wazau, Berlin. The test specimens (including comparison samples) were cut to a size of 56 cm×16 cm and fixed on a support. The Bunsen burner was ignited and allowed to burn for at least 2 min before starting the test. The burner was then directed onto the specimen at a distance of 2 cm from the test piece. The specimen was flamed horizontally for 5 seconds (ignition test) and horizontally for 15 seconds (flammability test).

[0083] Heat Resistance Thermal Oven

[0084] The respective test specimens (incl. reference samples) were stored for 1 h at 400° C. in a high-temperature furnace, standing on a rack.

[0085] Results

[0086] Table 1 lists the test results of the individual formulations in the heat resistance test (infrared), the burning test and the heat resistance test (thermal oven).

TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 tests PK1 PK2 VM1 VM2 VM3 VM4 Heat resistance Δ.sub.1 = 99° C. Δ.sub.1 = 94° C. Δ.sub.1 = 0° C. Δ.sub.1 = 79° C. Δ.sub.1 = 0° C. Δ.sub.1 = 109° C. IR Δ.sub.2 = 96° C. Δ.sub.2 = 91° C. Δ.sub.2 = 0° C. Δ.sub.2 = 61° C. Δ.sub.2 = 0° C. Δ.sub.2 = 107° C. Combustion 5 sec: no 5 sec: no 5 sec: no 5 sec: no 5 sec: no 5 sec: no test ignition ignition ignition ignition ignition ignition DBL 5307-53 15 sec: 15 sec: (firing path 4 cm) 15 sec: 15 sec: 15 sec: no ignition no ignition 15 sec: no ignition; no ignition; no ignition no ignition Al-powder smoke development; (firing path 6 cm) falls off burning point white Heat-resistance No color No color No color No color Pattern becomes Adhesion of (thermo-oven) change; change; change; change; white on both sides; aluminum foil > Alupigments Alupigments Alupigments Alupigments Alupigment falls 1.5 N in T-Peel adhere to the adhere to the adhere to the adhere to the off, strong smoke test according pattern pattern pattern pattern development to ASTMD 1876

[0087] The tests show that the test specimens coated with polymer compositions according to the invention perform very well in all three tests. In the IR test, samples VM2 and VM4 also showed similarly good shielding against the beam temperature of 459° C. The samples VM2 and VM4, however, disintegrated after 15 seconds in the burn test and showed very good shielding. However, sample VM2 disintegrated after 15 seconds in the burn test and showed a more pronounced decrease in shielding effectiveness during the two-hour test under IR radiation. Sample VM4 shows good heat and fire resistance, but obtains it by caschie-ring with an aluminum foil, losing the advantages of the textile structure (flexibility, foldability, gatherability) and the efficiency of the manufacturing process.