COMPACT BURNER FOR AN ENTRAINED-FLOW GASIFIER HAVING NO LIQUID COOLING

Abstract

A compact burner for the pressurized gasification of pulverized fuel dust for producing synthesis gas, wherein a plurality of concentric media channels transition into a conical burner tip. The burner tip provides a reduced contact surface on the reaction chamber side. The nozzle components of the burner tip are produced by selective laser melting, which permits a design for cooling by supplied media, such as fuel gas, flushing gas, or oxidation. A sliding guide having an intermediate seal is arranged between the nozzle components of two media channels to equalize temperature-driven linear extensions. The compact burner makes the expense for liquid cooling unnecessary.

Claims

1. A compact burner for the pressurized gasification of pulverized fuel dust for producing synthesis gas, comprising: a plurality of tubes which delimit concentric channels for supplying media, a burner tip which tapers conically, wherein nozzle parts of the burner tip are manufactured by selective laser melting, and a seal which is arranged at a sliding guide between two of the concentric channels.

2. The compact burner as claimed in claim 1, further comprising: a swirl plate which is arranged in the concentric channel for the media.

3. The compact burner as claimed in claim 1, further comprising: a nozzle part which merges at its conically tapering end into a cylindrically formed end piece.

4. The compact burner as claimed in claim 1, wherein the media comprises a fuel gas, a flushing gas, and/or an oxidizing agent.

5. The compact burner as claimed in claim 2, wherein the media comprises a fuel gas, a flushing gas, and/or an oxidizing agent.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The invention is explained in more detail below as an exemplary embodiment, to the extent necessary for comprehension, on the basis of figures, in which:

[0023] FIG. 1 shows the basic construction of a media-cooled burner tip according to the invention,

[0024] FIG. 2 shows the arrangement of a sensor close to the burner tip,

[0025] FIG. 3 shows a main burner with a dividing wall in the oxidizing-agent channel,

[0026] FIG. 4 shows a conically-tapering burner tip with cylindrically-formed end pieces of the nozzle parts and

[0027] FIG. 5 shows a water-cooled, outer burner assembly which surrounds the burner tip.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION

[0028] Identical elements are denoted by identical designations in the figures.

[0029] In FIG. 1 the basic construction of a media-cooled burner tip is shown, the contact surface (1) of which on the reaction chamber side is reduced. The nozzle parts (2, 3, 4, 5) are formed in such a manner that they are sufficiently cooled by means of a defined flushing gas quantity, such as for example nitrogen, or by an operating medium, such as for example fuel gas or an oxidizing agent. They are no longer parts of a pressure vessel and are adapted in their form to cost-effective production by means of generative processes, such as the SLM process (Selective Laser Melting). The existing material-intensive and time-consuming machining manufacturing from forged parts is reduced to a large extent. The media-induced different thermal expansion of the tubes (6) separating the individual burner channels is possible without hindrance at the sliding guides (7) of the burner nozzles in a stress-free manner and no longer requires any expansion compensators for compensation. Premature mixing of the media at the sliding guides (7) in the burner is prevented via seals (8). The compact nozzles (2) and (4) structurally ensure that the outlet contours on the reaction chamber side, which are especially important for supplying the oxidizing agent, are independent of changes arising from thermal expansions of the tubes (6) of the media channels.

[0030] Using the SLM manufacturing process for the nozzles makes it possible to produce with sufficient accuracy and sufficient surface quality very narrow, in particular also kinked, channels, such as at the pilot burner nozzle (2), of a kind that cannot be produced conventionally, or only with very great effort. The arrangement of an integrated swirl plate (9) results, on the one hand, in an improvement of the function of the burner and, on the other, in a lengthening of the lifetime of the nozzle through good cooling by using the media.

[0031] Furthermore, in the nozzle there may be arranged close to the burner tip, a sensor (10) for temperature monitoring, which allows conclusions to be drawn, both regarding the thermal load and the state of wear of the burner and also regarding the current operating state of the gasification reactor (FIG. 2).

[0032] As a further exemplary embodiment, the introduction of a dividing wall (12) into the oxidizing-agent channel of the main burner is shown in FIG. 3. The medium is supplied in a quantity-controlled manner to both channels, respectively via a supply connection piece in the rear burner region. The outer one of the two channels is provided in the nozzle region with an adapted swirl device (11), which imparts a rotational movement to this flow. The resulting angle of the entire exiting medium flow relative to the burner axis can thus be set via the control of the two partial volume flows. A guide plate, which is fastened on the dividing wall and formed in a spiral-shaped manner, or guide vanes set at an angle may be used for example in this case as the swirl device.

[0033] FIG. 4 shows, in an analogous manner, finished nozzle parts with cylindrically-formed end pieces (16) as variant embodiments for influencing the flame formation and the overall function of the burner.

[0034] FIG. 5 shows an exemplary embodiment of a complete compact burner with function-determining medium-nozzle parts, which are manufactured by means of the SLM process and cooled by the operating media, and of an enclosing water-cooled outer burner assembly 13 for use in the pressurized gasification of coals 15 entrained in dust form and other fuels for producing synthesis gas.

LIST OF DESIGNATIONS

[0035] 1 Burner surface on reaction chamber side [0036] 2 Pilot burner nozzle [0037] 3, 4, 5 Main burner nozzle parts, cone-shaped [0038] 6 Tubes for forming the annular media channels [0039] 7 Sliding guides of the nozzles [0040] 8 Seal [0041] 9 Swirl plate for imparting a rotational movement to the entire media flow [0042] 10 Sensor for temperature measurement [0043] 11 Swirl plate for partial media flow [0044] 12 Dividing wall [0045] 13 Outer, water-cooled burner assembly [0046] 14 Oxidizing agent [0047] 15 Supply point for pulverized fuel dust [0048] 16 Nozzle parts with cylindrical media outlet