COSMETIC COMPOSITION COMPRISING A COMBINATION OF AT LEAST ONE OLIGOSACCHARIDE AND/OR POLYSACCHARIDE COMBINED WITH A MANNOSE MONOSACCHARIDE, AND USE THEREOF IN MAINTAINING THE BALANCE OF THE BACTERIAL SKIN FLORA

Abstract

The present invention relates to a cosmetic composition for topical application, comprising, in a physiologically acceptable medium: at least one oligosaccharide and/or polysaccharide, selected from the group consisting of inulins, fructooligosaccharides, glucooligosaccharides, soya-derived oligosaccharides, pyrodextrins, isomaltooligosaccharides, xylooligosaccharides, transgalactooligosaccharides and mixtures thereof, and at least one mannose monosaccharide.

The present invention also concerns a method of cosmetic treatment for caring for the skin and/or mucous membranes, which comprises the application to the skin and/or the mucous membranes, in particular having undergone external aggression, of said composition; and also concerns cosmetic uses thereof.

Claims

1. A cosmetic composition for topical application, comprising, in a physiologically acceptable medium: at least one oligosaccharide and/or polysaccharide, selected from the group consisting of inulins, fructooligosaccharides, glucooligosaccharides, soya-derived oligosaccharides, pyrodextrins, isomaltooligosaccharides, xylooligosaccharides, transgalactooligosaccharides and mixtures thereof, and at least one mannose monosaccharide.

2. The composition according to claim 1, further comprising at least one ingredient chosen from silicone fatty substances; non-silicone fatty substances; synthetic esters and ethers; linear or branched hydrocarbons of mineral or synthetic origin; fatty alcohols having from 8 to 26 carbon atoms; water; C2-C6 monoalcohols; glycols chosen from propylene glycol, butylene glycol, pentylene glycol; ketones; thickeners; emulsifiers; surfactants; gelling agents; fragrances; fillers; colourants; moisturizers; vitamins chosen from vitamin A, E, and B; and polymers.

3. The composition according to claim 1, in which said oligosaccharide and/or polysaccharide is inulin, a fructooligosaccharide, a glucooligosaccharide, an isomaltooligosaccharide, a xylooligosaccharide, a mixture of inulin and glucooligosaccharide or a mixture of glucooligosaccharide and fructooligosaccharide.

4. The composition according to claim 1, in which said oligosaccharide and/or polysaccharide is present in a concentration of between 0.01% and 20% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

5. The composition according to claim 1, in which said mannose monosaccharide is present in a concentration of from 0.01% to 20% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

6. The composition according to claim 1, in which said oligosaccharide and/or polysaccharide is in the form of a mixture comprising: at least one glucooligosaccharide (GOS), and at least one fructooligosaccharide (FOS), wherein said glucooligosaccharide (GOS) is present in the composition in a concentration of between 0.01% and 10% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition; wherein said fructooligosaccharide (FOS) is present in the composition in a concentration of between 0.001% and 5% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition;

7. The composition according to claim 1.

8. The composition according to claim 7, in which said probiotic microorganism is present in a concentration of between 0.0001% and 10% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

9. A method of cosmetic treatment for caring for the skin and/or mucous membranes, comprising the application to the skin and/or to the mucous membranes, of the composition as defined in claim 1.

10. The method according to claim 9, for maintaining and/or restoring the balance of the bacterial flora of the skin and/or mucous membranes.

11. The method according to claim 9, for preventing and/or treating sensitive skin.

12. The method according to claim 9, for preventing and/or treating detractions from the aesthetic qualities of the skin and/or mucous membranes.

13. A method for the caring of skin comprising the topical application to skin which has undergone external aggression a composition according to claim 1 which optionally comprises of at least one probiotic microorganism.

14. The method according to claim 13, which comprises maintaining and/or restoring the balance of the bacterial flora of the skin and/or mucous membranes.

15. The method according to claim 13, which comprises preventing and/or treating sensitive skin.

16. The method according to claim 13, which comprises preventing and/or treating detractions from the aesthetic qualities of dry and/or rough skin.

17. The composition according to claim 2, in which the oligosaccharide and/or polysaccharide is present in a concentration of between 0.01% and 20% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

18. The composition according to claim 3, in which the oligosaccharide and/or polysaccharide is present in a concentration of between 0.01% and 20% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

19. The composition according to claim 3, in which the oligosaccharide and/or polysaccharide is present in a concentration of between 0.01% and 20% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

20. The composition according to claim 4, in which the oligosaccharide and/or polysaccharide is present in a concentration of between 0.01% and 20% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0062] Oligosaccharide, Polysaccharide

[0063] The composition according to the invention comprises at least one oligosaccharide and/or polysaccharide selected from the group consisting of inulins, fructooligosaccharides, glucooligosaccharides, soya-derived oligosaccharides, pyrodextrins, isomaltooligosaccharides, xylooligosaccharides, transgalactooligosaccharides and mixtures thereof.

[0064] By way of example, mention will be made of the following oligosaccharides and/or polysaccharides.

[0065] Inulin

[0066] Inulin is particularly abundant in the rhizomes of plants, in particular the Jerusalem artichoke and chicory from which it is extracted industrially. It is also found in other plants belonging to the family Asteraceae such as Jerusalem artichokes or dahlia onions and burdock. It is considered a soluble dietary fibre.

##STR00001##

[0067] Inulins are polydispersed linear polymers of general formula (I): GFn (G=glucose, F=fructose, n ranging from 2 to more than 60), the fructose units being linked together by a β (2.fwdarw.1) bond. Inulins therefore correspond to a chain of fructose units terminated by a glucose unit.

[0068] Among the inulins which can be used and which are commercially available, mention may be made of Inutec H25P, n of between 2 and 7, and Inutec N25 from Orafti (average n=25).

[0069] Fructooligosaccharides

[0070] Fructooligosaccharides (or FOSs), also called oligofructoses or oligofructans, are short chains of fructose linked together by β-1,2 bonds.

[0071] The fructooligosaccharides (or FOSs) correspond to general formula (II): G(F).sub.n where G is a glucose unit, F is fructose unit and n ranges from 1 to 10.

##STR00002##

[0072] Fructooligosaccharides (FOSs) are produced: [0073] by partial enzymatic hydrolysis of inulin (e.g.: Raftilose® from Orafti-Belgique), or [0074] by enzymatic synthesis from sucrose (e.g.: Actilight® from Beghin Meiiji industries-France), or [0075] by extraction from yacon or jicama (Polymnia sonchifolia, synonym: Smallanthus sonchifolia); in particular, the extraction is carried out in the absence of solvent, by cold pressing of yacon tubers.

[0076] The FOS used in the invention can be a mixture of FOSs. Mention may in particular be made of GF2+GF3+GF4 mixtures such as Quantom FOS95 from Quantum hi-Tech or Actilight® from Beghin Meiiji industries-France, the latter corresponding to a mixture of 37% GF2, 53% GF3 and 10% GF4.

[0077] Glucooligosaccharides GOSs

[0078] Glucooligosaccharides (GOSs), or oligoglucans, are oligosaccharides constituted of a sequence of α-1,6-linked glucose units which can also contain α-1,2; α-1,3, α-1,4 bonds. They are synthesized by a transglucosylation reaction catalyzed by enzymes of the glucan-sucrase family.

[0079] Preferably, the glucooligosaccharides are oligosaccharides constituted of a sequence of α-1,6- and α-1,2-linked glucose units.

[0080] Advantageously, the number of glucose units is between 2 and 10, even better still between 4 and 6, even more preferably the number of glucose units is 4.

[0081] In addition, the glucooligosaccharides can be synthesized by the polymerization of glucose molecules, a reaction catalyzed by a specific enzyme of the glycosyltransferase type, extracted and purified from a bacterial strain of Leuconostoc mesenteroides. This reaction requires the use of an acceptor: maltose (Glucose-Glucose) but also of a glucose donor: sucrose (Glucose-Fructose).

[0082] In a preferred embodiment, the glucooligosaccharides (GOSs) have the formula (III) below:

[0083] [Chem 3]

##STR00003##

[0084] Among the GOSs which can be used and which are commercially available, mention may be made of Bioecolia® from Solabia.

[0085] Soya-Derived Oligosaccharides

[0086] They are extracted directly from the soya bean and do not require any enzymatic treatment. They naturally contain raffinose and stachyose, the formula of which is [α-D-Gal-(1.fwdarw.6)-].sub.m-α-D-Glu-(1.fwdarw.2)-β-D-Fru, with m=1 for raffinose and m=2 for stachyose.

[0087] The derived oligosaccharides which can be used include Soya-oligo from Calpis Food Ind. Japan.

[0088] Pyrodextrins

[0089] Pyrodextrins are a mixture of oligosaccharides from the hydrolysis of starch.

[0090] Isomaltooligosaccharide

[0091] They are produced from starch. These are α-(1,6)-linked glucose oligomers with a degree of polymerization of between 2 and 5. By way of example, Isomalto900P from Showa Sango may be used.

[0092] Xyloolidosaccharide

[0093] Xylooligosaccharides are oligosaccharides consisting of 3-(1,4)-linked xylose. By way of example, Xylo 95P from Suntory Limited may be used.

[0094] Transdalactooligosaccharide

[0095] These are linear oligomers of galactose, of chemical structure α-D-glucose-(1.fwdarw.4)-[β-D-galactose-(1.fwdarw.6)-]n (2<n<5) obtained by fermentation of lactose. By way of example, TOS 100 from Yakult Honsha Co. Ltd. Japan may be used.

[0096] The oligosaccharide(s) and/or polysaccharide(s) according to the invention is (are) present in the composition according to the invention (i.e. the total concentration of oligosaccharide(s) and/or polysaccharide(s) in the composition according to the invention) in a concentration of between 0.01% and 20% by weight, preferably between 0.05% and 10% by weight, even better still between 0.05% and 5% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0097] Mixture of Oligosaccharides and/or Polysaccharides

[0098] According to one preferred embodiment of the invention, the oligosaccharide(s) and/or polysaccharide(s) are used in the composition according to the invention in the form of a mixture.

[0099] In a first embodiment of the invention, it may be a mixture of oligosaccharides of the same type. For example, as mentioned above, a mixture of FOSs may be used, in particular a mixture of GF2+GF3+GF4, such as Quantom FOS95 from Quantum hi-Tech or Actilight® from Beghin Meiiji industries-France, the latter corresponding to a mixture of 37% GF2, 53% GF3 and 10% GF4.

[0100] According to a second embodiment of the invention, it may be a mixture of oligosaccharides and/or polysaccharides of different types. The invention relates in particular to the use of a mixture of inulin with a GOS, an FOS, soya-derived oligosaccharides, pyrodextrins, an isomaltooligosaccharide, a xylooligosaccharide and/or a transgalactooligosaccharide. According to one particular embodiment, a mixture of inulin and a GOS is used, such as Bioline from Gova Ingredients. The invention also relates to the use of a mixture of a GOS with an FOS.

[0101] Preferably, in this second mode, the composition according to the invention comprises a mixture of oligosaccharides comprising: [0102] at least one glucooligosaccharide (GOS), and [0103] at least one fructooligosaccharide (FOS),
wherein said glucooligosaccharide (GOS) is present in the composition according to the invention in a concentration of between 0.01% and 10% by weight, preferably between 0.05% and 5% by weight, even better still between 0.1% and 1%, even more preferably between 0.2% and 0.8% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition;
wherein said fructooligosaccharide (FOS) is present in the composition according to the invention in a concentration of between 0.001% and 5% by weight, preferably between 0.01% and 1% by weight, even better still between 0.01% and 0.5%, even more preferably between 0.05% and 0.3% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0104] Advantageously, in the second embodiment of the invention, the composition according to the invention comprises a mixture of oligosaccharides comprising: [0105] at least one glucooligosaccharide (GOS), and [0106] at least one fructooligosaccharide (FOS),
in which the [GOS/FOS] mass ratio is at least 2, preferably is between 2 and 4, even better still between 3 and 4.

[0107] Use may in particular be made of the mixture of prebiotic oligosaccharides and probiotic microorganisms sold under the name Ecoskin® by Solabia.

[0108] Said mixture comprises in particular: [0109] between 60% and 80% by weight of at least one glucooligosaccharide (GOS) relative to the total weight of the mixture, and [0110] between 10% and 25% by weight of at least one fructooligosaccharide (FOS) relative to the total weight of the mixture.

[0111] In particular, said mixture comprises 70% by weight of glucooligosaccharide (GOS), 19% by weight of Polymnia sonchifolia tuber juice, 1% by weight of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus casei, 10% by weight of maltodextrin.

[0112] Probiotics

[0113] Independently of the abovementioned two variants, the composition according to the invention can also comprise at least one probiotic microorganism.

[0114] For the purposes of the present invention, the term “probiotic microorganism” is intended to mean a live microorganism which, when consumed in adequate amount, has a positive effect on the health of its host (“Joint FAO/WHO Expert Consultation on Evaluation of Health and Nutritional Properties of Probiotic in Food Including Powder Milk with Live Lactic Acid Bacteria, 6 Oct. 2001”), and which may in particular improve the intestinal microbial balance.

[0115] In the case of the skin, said probiotic microorganism is a probiotic microorganism which, when applied to the skin in an appropriate amount, has a positive effect on the aesthetic qualities of the skin and mucous membranes.

[0116] More particularly, they are probiotic microorganisms from the group of lactic acid bacteria, such as in particular Lactobacillus. By way of illustration of these lactic acid bacteria, mention may more particularly be made of Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus acidophilus and mixtures thereof.

[0117] Specific examples of probiotic microorganisms are Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus alimentarius, Lactobacillus curvatus, Lactobacillus delbruckii subsp. Lactis, Lactobacillus gasseri, Lactobacillus johnsonii, Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus rhamnosus (Lactobacillus GG), Lactobacillus sake, Lactococcus lactis, Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, L. delbrueckii, L. helveticus, L. salivarius, L. curvatus, L. plantarum, L. sakei, L. brevis, L. buchneri, L. fermentum, L. reuteri, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Lactobacillus longum, Lactobacillus lactis, Bifidobacterium longum and mixtures thereof.

[0118] In general, the compositions according to the invention generally comprise from 0.0001 to 20% by weight of at least one probiotic microorganism relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0119] Advantageously, the probiotic microorganism is present in the composition according to the invention in a concentration of between 0.0001% and 10% by weight, preferably between 0.001% and 5% by weight, even more preferably between 0.001% and 1% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0120] The microorganism(s) may be included in a composition according to the invention in a live, semi-active or inactivated, dead form.

[0121] They may also be included in the form of fractions of cell components or in the form of metabolites. The microorganism(s), metabolite(s) or fraction(s) may also be introduced in the form of a lyophilized powder, a culture supernatant and/or, where appropriate, in a concentrated form.

[0122] According to one preferred embodiment of the invention, these microorganisms are in inactivated form, inactivated in particular by heat or by high pressure.

[0123] The terms “in inactivated form”, “in non-revivable form” and “in dead form” are synonymous here.

[0124] Bacteria “in semi-active form” are bacteria which have partially or totally lost their proliferation properties.

[0125] In the case where the microorganisms are formulated in a composition in a live form, the amount of live microorganisms may range from 10.sup.3 to 10.sup.15 cfu/g, in particular from 10.sup.5 to 10.sup.15 cfu/g and more particularly from 10.sup.7 to 10.sup.12 cfu/g of microorganisms per gram of composition.

[0126] In one particularly preferred embodiment, the composition according to the invention comprises a mixture of oligosaccharides comprising: [0127] at least one glucooligosaccharide (GOS), and [0128] at least one fructooligosaccharide (FOS), [0129] wherein said glucooligosaccharide (GOS) is present in the composition according to the invention in a concentration of between 0.01% and 10% by weight, preferably between 0.05% and 5% by weight, even better still between 0.1% and 1%, even more preferably between 0.2% and 0.8% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition; [0130] wherein said fructooligosaccharide (FOS) is present in the composition according to the invention in a concentration of between 0.001% and 5% by weight, preferably between 0.01% and 1% by weight, even better still between 0.01% and 0.5%, even more preferably between 0.05% and 0.3% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition;
and in addition at least one probiotic microorganism chosen from bacteria of the Lactobacillus genus, in particular Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus acidophilus and mixtures thereof, wherein said probiotic microorganism is between 0.0001% and 10% by weight, preferably between 0.001% and 5% by weight, even better still between 0.001% and 1% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0131] Advantageously, the composition according to the invention comprises a mixture of oligosaccharides comprising: [0132] at least one glucooligosaccharide (GOS), and [0133] at least one fructooligosaccharide (FOS), [0134] in which the [GOS/FOS] mass ratio is at least 2, preferably is between 2 and 4, even better still between 3 and 4.

[0135] Use may in particular be made of the mixture of prebiotic oligosaccharides and probiotic microorganisms sold under the name Ecoskin® by Solabia.

[0136] Said mixture comprises in particular: [0137] between 60% and 80% by weight of at least one glucooligosaccharide (GOS) relative to the total weight of the mixture, and [0138] between 10% and 25% by weight of at least one fructooligosaccharide (FOS) relative to the total weight of the mixture, and [0139] between 0.001% and 15% by weight of at least one probiotic microorganism, in particular chosen from Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus acidophilus and mixtures thereof, relative to the total weight of the mixture.
In particular, said mixture comprises 70% by weight of glucooligosaccharide (GOS), 19% by weight of Polymnia sonchifolia tuber juice, 1% by weight of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus casei, 10% by weight of maltodextrin.

[0140] Mannose

[0141] The composition according to the invention comprises a mannose monosaccharide.

[0142] Mannose is a monosaccharide (simple non-hydrolysable sugar) consisting of 6 carbons; it is a hexose. Its empirical formula is C.sub.6H.sub.12O.sub.6, the same as glucose, of which it is the C.sub.2 epimer (that is to say that its spatial configuration is strictly the same, except for the substituent on carbon 2, where it is reversed compared to glucose).

[0143] The monosaccharide in question according to the invention corresponds to formula (IV) below.

[0144] [Chem 4]

##STR00004##

[0145] Of course, all of the enantiomeric forms of mannose are considered according to the invention.

[0146] The mannose may also be in solvated form (including hydrates) and in the form of a mixture of D and L stereoisomers: DL-mannose.

[0147] According to one preferred embodiment, the mannose monosaccharide is the D-mannose of formula (V) below.

[0148] [Chem 5]

##STR00005##

[0149] D-Mannose is naturally present in plants, in particular certain fruits, including cranberries, or in hardwood (beech and birch).

[0150] As an illustration of D-mannose suitable for the invention, mention may in particular be made of D-mannose sold by the company Danisco Sweeteners® or else the company Symrise®.

[0151] In general, the mannose monosaccharide can be used from 0.01% to 20% by weight, preferably from 0.05% to 10% by weight, and most preferably from 0.1% to 5% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition containing it.

[0152] As mentioned previously, the composition according to the invention comprises a physiologically acceptable medium. More particularly, said physiologically acceptable medium may comprise water and/or one or more water-soluble organic solvents which can be chosen from linear or branched C.sub.1-C.sub.6 monoalcohols such as ethanol, isopropanol, tert-butanol or n-butanol; polyols such as glycerol, propylene glycol, hexylene glycol (or 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol), and polyethylene glycols; polyol ethers such as dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether; and mixtures thereof.

[0153] Preferably, the composition according to the invention has a water content ranging from 20% to 95% by weight, even better still from 40% to 90% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0154] Advantageously, the composition comprises one or more water-soluble organic solvents in a content ranging from 0.5% to 25% by weight, preferably from 5% to 20% by weight, even better still from 10% to 15% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0155] Presentation Forms

[0156] A cosmetic composition according to the invention is applied topically.

[0157] The compositions intended for external topical administration may be aqueous, aqueous-alcoholic or oily solutions, solutions or dispersions of the lotion or serum type, emulsions of liquid or semi-liquid consistency of the milk type, obtained by dispersion of a fatty phase in an aqueous phase (O/W) or vice versa (W/O), or suspensions or emulsions, of soft, semi-solid or solid consistency, of the cream type, aqueous or anhydrous gels, microemulsions, microcapsules, microparticles, or vesicular dispersions of ionic and/or non-ionic type.

[0158] These compositions are prepared according to the usual methods.

[0159] A topical composition according to the invention can advantageously be formulated in any presentation form suitable for skin care, in particular in the form of creams for cleansing, protecting, treating or caring for the face, or for the body, so of a mask to be left placed on the skin or the hair, of makeup-removal milks, of body protection or care milks, of lotions, gels or foams for skin care, such as cleansing lotions, bath compositions.

[0160] Alternatively, a topical composition according to the invention can advantageously be formulated in any presentation form suitable for hair care, in particular in the form of a hair lotion, of a shampoo, in particular an anti-dandruff, of a conditioner, of a disentangler, a hair cream or gel, of a treating lotion, of a lotion or gel for preventing hair loss, of an anti-parasitic shampoo, or of a treating shampoo, in particular an anti-seborrhoeic shampoo, of a scalp care, in particular anti-irritant, anti-ageing, restructuring, product.

[0161] Adjuvants

[0162] In a known manner, presentation forms intended for topical administration may also contain adjuvants that are common in the cosmetic, pharmaceutical and/or dermatological field, such as hydrophilic or lipophilic gelling agents, hydrophilic or lipophilic active agents, preservatives, antioxidants, solvents, fragrances, fillers, screening agents, fatty substances such as oils, emulsifiers, odour absorbers and colourants. The amounts of these various adjuvants are those conventionally used in the field under consideration, for example from 0.01% to 20% of the total weight of the composition. Depending on their nature, these adjuvants may be introduced into the fatty phase and/or into the aqueous phase.

[0163] As hydrophilic gelling agents that can be used in the composition according to the invention, mention may be made of modified or unmodified carboxyvinyl polymers, such as the products sold under the names Carbopol (INCI name: carbomer) and Pemulen (INCI name: Acrylates/C10-30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymer) by the company Goodrich, or such as the crosslinked sodium polyacrylate sold under the name Cosmedia SP by the company Cognis (INCI name: Sodium polyacrylate); polyacrylamides; 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid homopolymers such as the product sold by Clariant under the name Hostacerin AMPS (INCI name: ammonium polyacryldimethyltaurate); crosslinked anionic copolymers of acrylamide and AMPS, provided in the form of an emulsion, such as those sold under the name of Sepigel 305 (CTFA name: Polyacrylamide/C13-14 isoparaffin/Laureth-7) and under the name Simulgel 600 (CTFA name: Acrylamide/Sodium acryloyldimethyltaurate copolymer/Isohexadecane/Polysorbate 80) by the company SEPPIC; acrylate/acrylonitrile copolymers such as Hypan SS201 sold by the company Kingston; synthetic neutral polymers such as poly-N-vinylpyrrolidone; polysaccharides such as guar gum, xanthan gum and cellulose-based derivatives. The amount of these polymers can range, for example, from 0.05% to 5% by weight and better still from 0.1% to 3% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0164] Lipophilic gelling agents that may be mentioned include modified clays, such as bentones, metal salts of fatty acids, such as aluminium stearates, and hydrophobic silica, or alternatively ethylcellulose and polyethylene.

[0165] When a composition of the invention is an emulsion, the proportion of the fatty phase may range from 5% to 80% by weight and preferably from 10% to 50% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition. The oils, emulsifiers and coemulsifiers used in the composition in emulsion form are chosen from those conventionally used in cosmetics and/or dermatology. The emulsifier and the coemulsifier may be present in the composition in a proportion ranging from 0.3% to 30% by weight and preferably from 0.5% to 20% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0166] When the composition of the invention is an oily solution or gel, the fatty phase may represent more than 90% of the total weight of the composition.

[0167] As oils that may be used, examples that may be mentioned include: [0168] hydrocarbon-based oils of plant origin, such as liquid fatty acid triglycerides including from 4 to 10 carbon atoms, for instance heptanoic or octanoic acid triglycerides, or alternatively, for example, sunflower oil, corn oil, soybean oil, marrow oil, grapeseed oil, sesame seed oil, hazelnut oil, apricot oil, macadamia oil, arara oil, castor oil, avocado oil, caprylic/capric acid triglycerides, for instance those sold by the company Stearineries Dubois or those sold under the names Miglyol 810, 812 and 818 by the company Dynamit Nobel, jojoba oil and shea butter oil; [0169] synthetic esters and ethers, especially of fatty acids, for instance the oils of formulae R.sub.1COOR.sub.2 and R.sub.1OR.sub.2 in which R.sub.1 represents a fatty acid residue containing from 8 to 29 carbon atoms and R.sub.2 represents a branched or unbranched hydrocarbon-based chain containing from 3 to 30 carbon atoms, for instance purcellin oil, isononyl isononanoate, isopropyl myristate, 2-ethylhexyl palmitate, 2-octyldodecyl stearate, 2-octyldodecyl erucate or isostearyl isostearate; hydroxylated esters, for instance isostearyl lactate, octyl hydroxystearate, octyldodecyl hydroxystearate, diisostearyl malate, triisocetyl citrate, and fatty alcohol heptanoates, octanoates and decanoates; polyol esters, for instance propylene glycol dioctanoate, neopentyl glycol diheptanoate and diethylene glycol diisononanoate; and pentaerythritol esters, for instance pentaerythrityl tetraisostearate; [0170] linear or branched hydrocarbons, of mineral or synthetic origin, such as liquid paraffins, which may be volatile or non-volatile, and derivatives thereof, petroleum jelly, polydecenes, hydrogenated polyisobutene such as parleam oil, fatty alcohols having from 8 to 26 carbon atoms, such as cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol and the mixture thereof (cetylstearyl alcohol), octyldodecanol, 2-butyloctanol, 10 2-hexyldecanol, 2-undecylpentadecanol, oleyl alcohol or linoleyl alcohol; silicone oils such as volatile or non-volatile polymethylsiloxanes (PDMSs) with a linear or cyclic silicone chain, which are liquid or pasty at ambient temperature, in particular cyclopolydimethylsiloxanes (cyclomethicones) such as cyclohexasiloxane; polydimethylsiloxanes comprising alkyl, alkoxy or phenyl groups, which are pendent or at the end of the silicone chain, said groups having from 2 to 24 carbon atoms; phenylated silicones such as phenyl trimethicones, phenyl dimethicones, phenyltrimethylsiloxydiphenylsiloxanes, diphenyl dimethicones, diphenylmethyldiphenyltrisiloxanes, 2-phenylethyltrimethylsiloxysilicates, and polymethylphenylsiloxanes, and [0171] mixtures thereof.

[0172] In the list of oils mentioned above, the term “hydrocarbon-based oil” means any oil predominantly including carbon and hydrogen atoms, and possibly ester, ether, fluoro, carboxylic acid and/or alcohol groups.

[0173] As emulsifiers, mention may be made of amphoteric, cationic, anionic or non-ionic surfactants, used alone or in a mixture, and optionally a co-emulsifier.

[0174] For O/W emulsions, mention may for example be made, as emulsifiers, of so non-ionic emulsifiers such as oxyalkylenated (more particularly polyoxyethylenated) fatty acid esters of glycerol; oxyalkylenated fatty acid esters of sorbitan; oxyalkylenated (oxyethylenated and/or oxypropylenated) fatty acid esters; oxyalkylenated (oxyethylenated and/or oxypropylenated) fatty alcohol ethers; sugar esters, in particular oxyalkylenated sugar esters, esters of phosphoric acid and of a fatty alcohol; and mixtures thereof.

[0175] In one preferred embodiment, the composition according to the invention also comprises at least one ingredient chosen from silicone fatty substances such as silicone oils, gums and waxes; non-silicone fatty substances such as oils, pastes and waxes of plant, mineral, animal and/or synthetic origin; fatty acids having from 8 to 32 carbon atoms; synthetic esters and ethers, in particular of formula R.sup.1COOR.sup.2 and R.sup.1OR.sup.2 in which R.sup.1 represents the residue of a fatty acid comprising from 8 to 29 carbon atoms, and R.sup.2 represents a branched or unbranched hydrocarbon-based chain containing from 3 to 30 carbon atoms; linear or branched hydrocarbons of mineral or synthetic origin; fatty alcohols having from 8 to 26 carbon atoms; water; C2-C6 monoalcohols; glycols chosen from propylene glycol, butylene glycol, pentylene glycol; ketones; thickeners, emulsifiers, surfactants, gelling agents, fragrances, fillers, colourants, moisturizers, vitamins chosen from vitamin A, E, B3, polymers.

[0176] The amounts of these various ingredients are those conventionally used in the field under consideration, for example from 0.01% to 20% of the total weight of the composition.

[0177] Cosmetic Treatment Methods and Cosmetic Uses

[0178] The present invention also concerns a method of cosmetic care treatment of the skin and/or mucous membranes, which comprises the application to the skin and/or the mucous membranes, in particular having undergone external aggression, of the composition according to the invention.

[0179] In particular, the method of cosmetic treatment according to the invention makes it possible to maintain and/or restore the balance of the bacterial flora of the skin and/or mucous membranes.

[0180] Moreover, the method of cosmetic treatment according to the invention makes it possible to prevent and/or treat detractions from the aesthetic qualities of the skin and/or mucous membranes, especially to prevent and/or treat dry and/or rough skin.

[0181] The method of cosmetic treatment according to the invention also makes it possible to prevent and/or treat sensitive skin, in particular to prevent and/or treat sensations of discomfort of sensitive skin.

[0182] The present invention also relates to the topical cosmetic use of said combination as defined above, and optionally of at least one probiotic microorganism as defined above, for caring for the skin, in particular skin having undergone external aggression.

[0183] The invention is also directed to the use of said combination for maintaining and/or restoring the balance of the bacterial flora of the skin and/or mucous membranes.

[0184] Furthermore, the invention relates to the use of said combination for preventing and/or treating sensitive skin, in particular for preventing and/or treating sensations of discomfort of sensitive skin.

[0185] As regards the discomfort sensations, these may typically be itching, heating, or sensations of stinging, and/or of pulling. Representative visible cutaneous signs that may especially be mentioned include pruritus, dry patches, erythema and/or redness.

[0186] These phenomena are more common in the most exposed areas of the body, namely the hands, the feet, the face and the scalp.

[0187] Thus, the appearance of the signs of discomfort, which appear within minutes of the individual coming into contact with the triggering factor, is one of the essential characteristics of sensitive skin. Those primarily concerned are dysaesthesic sensations, which are neurosensory signs. Dysaesthesic sensations are understood to be sensations such as stinging, tingling, itching or pruritus, heating, discomfort, pulling, etc. These subjective signs usually exist in the absence of visible clinical signs such as desquamations. It is nowadays known that these cutaneous intolerance reactions are especially associated with a release of neuropeptides by the nerve endings of the epidermis and the dermis.

[0188] The present invention is additionally directed to preventing and/or treating the manifestations of dysaesthetic sensations in sensitive skin.

[0189] The invention also proposes to prevent and/or reduce sensations of skin discomfort, such as, for example, stinging, tingling, itching or pruritus, heating, discomfort, erythema and/or pulling, in particular in people with sensitive skin.

[0190] In contrast to skin qualified as being “allergic”, the reactivity of sensitive skin is not an immunological process, i.e. it is not produced in response to the presence of an allergen.

[0191] Furthermore, its response mechanism is said to be “non-specific”. In this regard, it is distinct from skin which manifests inflammatory and allergic reactions such as dermatosis, eczema and/or ichthyosis.

[0192] For the purposes of the present invention, the term “sensitive skin” covers irritable skin and intolerant skin.

[0193] In the context of the present invention, the sensitive skin under consideration does not show any inflammatory nature.

[0194] Lastly, the invention relates to the use of said combination for preventing and/or treating detractions from the aesthetic qualities of the skin and/or mucous membranes, especially for preventing and/or treating dry and/or rough skin.

[0195] Dry skin manifests itself essentially in a sensation of discomfort, such as sensations of pulling and/or tautness. This dry skin is also rough to the touch and/or appears to be covered with squamae. When the skin is slightly dry, the squamae are abundant but barely visible to the naked eye. They become less and less numerous, but increasingly visible to the naked eye, when this disorder worsens.

[0196] The cause of this skin dryness may be of constitutional or acquired type.

[0197] Said combination is aimed preferably at treating non-pathological constitutional dry skin or non-pathological acquired dry skin.

[0198] In the case of acquired dry skin, the involvement of external parameters such as exposure to chemical agents, to inclement climatic conditions or the sun, or else certain therapeutic treatments (with retinoids, for example) is a determining factor. Under these external influences, the skin may then become momentarily and locally dry.

[0199] Non-pathological constitutional dry skin is dry skin the severity of which may be dependent on external factors as already indicated. Included in this skin category are senile skin (characterized by a general decrease in skin metabolism with age), fragile skin (very sensitive to external factors and often accompanied by erythema) and common xerosis (of probable genetic origin and manifesting itself mainly on the face, the limbs and the back of the hands).

[0200] The examples that follow illustrate the invention, and are given purely as nonlimiting illustrations.

[0201] Throughout the text which follows, the percentages are given on a weight basis, unless otherwise mentioned.

[0202] The expression “at least one” is equivalent to “one or more”.

[0203] The expressions “between . . . and . . . ” and “ranging from . . . to . . . ”, “at least . . . ” or “at most” should be understood as being limits inclusive, unless otherwise specified.

[0204] The examples and figures that follow are provided as illustrations which do not limit the field of the invention.

EXAMPLES

Example 1—Evaluation of the Recovery of Bacterial Skin Flora Following Application of a Composition According to the Invention after Use of an Aggressive Cleanser

[0205] A group of 30 women between 30 and 50 years old was selected. An aggressive cleanser was used to carry out the cleansing of the skin of the face of the subjects in the study.

[0206] Ingredients of the composition of the cleanser included the following: Water, triethanolamine, glycerin, myristic acid, lauric acid, cocamidopropyl betaine, lauryl phosphate, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, pentasodium triphosphate, O-cymen-5-ol (isopropyl methylphenol), benzophenone-4, butyl hydroxy toluene.

[0207] The skin of the cheeks of the subjects was evaluated: [0208] on bare skin (D0): at T0be, T0af, T3h and T6h; [0209] immediately after application of composition 1 (D5): at T3h and T6h; [0210] after 14 days of treatment with composition 1 (D19): at T3h and T6h.

[0211] T0 be: before cleansing;

T0 af: immediately after cleansing;

[0212] T3h: 3 h after cleansing;

[0213] T6h: 6 h after cleansing.

Evaluation is carried out on the following criteria:

[0214] Roughness: [0215] roughness was evaluated by clinical score: the clinician evaluated the roughness of the skin to the touch, without touching the area of the cheek on which sampling had been carried out; [0216] the scale is from 0 to 4 as follows: [0217] 0=absent: surface perfectly smooth and supple [0218] 1=slight: slight irregularity and roughness on tangential touching [0219] 2=moderate: marked irregularity, rough appearance and slight induration of the skin, detected by vertical touching [0220] 3=severe: more pronounced irregularity and roughness, combined with induration of the skin [0221] 4=extreme: very marked irregularity and major disturbance of skin marking with more marked signs.

[0222] Dryness: [0223] dryness was evaluated by clinical score: the clinician studied the dryness of the skin of the face. [0224] the scale is from 0 to 3 as follows: [0225] 0=skin not dry [0226] 1=slight dryness (slight roughness) [0227] 2=moderate dryness (moderate roughness, a certain desquamation) [0228] 3=severe dryness (marked roughness and marked scaling).

[0229] Sensations of Discomfort: [0230] sensations of discomfort (stinging, itching, heat, pulling) were evaluated by self-evaluation: the interrogator asked the volunteer to carry out self-evaluation just after intensive cleansing and during kinetics after 3 h and 6 h, using the following scale from 0 to 4: [0231] 0=not at all [0232] 1=slightly [0233] 2=moderately [0234] 3=severe [0235] 4=very severe.

[0236] Analysis of bacterial load and bacterial communities: [0237] the total bacterial load was evaluated by QPCR (QPCR on V1-V3 16S rRNA in triplicate (primer set 27F/534R) KAPA Biosystems kit with SYBER Green n) [0238] a metagenomic analysis of the bacterial communities was carried out with the aid of new-generation sequencing (amplification of V1-V3 (primer set 27F/534R) on the Illumia MiSeq platform) and then the taxonomic assignments were made using the SILVA base, and the OTUs were analyzed by QIIME (open reference), thus making it possible to calculate the alpha diversity (Shannon index) and the beta diversity (UniFrac distance):

[0239] The following composition 1 according to the invention was prepared:

TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Composition 1 according to the invention INCI names Concentrations (m/m) CAPRYLOYL GLYCINE 0.5 MANNOSE* 0.5 ALPHA-GLUCAN OLIGOSACCHARIDE 1 (and) POLYMNIA SONCHIFOLIA tuber (juice) (and) LACTOBACILLUS** MYRISTYL MYRISTATE 1 CYCLOHEXASILOXANE 5 XANTHAN GUM 0.1 HYDROGENATED POLYISOBUTENE 5 AMMONIUM 1.5 POLYACRYLOYLDIMETHYLTAURATE GLYCERYL STEARATE SE 0.5 POTASSIUM CETYL PHOSPHATE 0.5 STEARIC ACID 0.5 ACRYLONITRILE/METHYL 0.3 METHACRYLATE/VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE COPOLYMER GLYCERIN 5 CAPRYLYL GLYCOL 0.25 SODIUM HYDROXIDE 0.096 WATER qs 100 *D-Mannose, sold by the company Danisco. **Ecoskin ® sold by the company Solabia comprising 70% by weight of glucooligosaccharide (GOS), 19% by weight of Polymnia sonchifolia tuber juice, 1% by weight of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus casei, 10% by weight of maltodextrin.

[0240] Composition 1 is prepared as follows: the components of the aqueous phase are homogenized with stirring and the whole is heated to a temperature of 60° C. Added to this heated mixture are the components of the fatty phase, which beforehand have been premixed and heated to a temperature of 60° C. The gelling agents are added subsequently. The whole is kept under stirring to emulsification, and the mixture is cooled to a temperature of 22° C. to 23° C. with continued stirring.

[0241] Composition 1 was applied to the entirety of the face.

[0242] Evaluation of Skin Roughness

TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 D 0 D 5 D 19 T0 before 0 0 0 cleansing T0 after 1.600 (σ 0.119) 1.600 (σ 0.119) 1.428 (σ 0.119) cleansing Application of composition 1 T3 h after 1.324 (σ: 0.119) 1.083 (σ 0.119) 0.945 (σ 0.119) cleansing T6 h after 1.186 (σ 0.119) 0.876 (σ 0.119) 0.531 0.119) cleansing

[0243] The values set out in table 2 above represent the means (n=30) of the skin roughness score, evaluated according to the scale detailed above.

[0244] Conclusion: using the area under the curve, after fourteen days of treatment (at D19), application of composition 1 according to the invention shows a significant decrease in skin roughness relative to non-application of the composition (p<0.001).

[0245] Evaluation of Skin Dryness

TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 D 0 D 5 D 19 T0 before 0 0 0 cleansing T0 after 1.25 (σ 0.09) 1.25 (σ 0.09) 1.112 (σ 0.09) cleansing Application of composition 1 T3 h after 1.043 (σ 0.09) 0.802 (σ 0.09) 0.353 (σ 0.09) cleansing T6 h after 0.974 (σ 0.09) 0.733 (σ 0.09) 0.147 0.09) cleansing

[0246] The values set out in table 3 above represent the means (n=30) of the skin dryness score, evaluated according to the scale detailed above.

[0247] Conclusion: [0248] using the area under the curve, after fourteen days of treatment (at D19), application of composition 1 according to the invention shows a significant decrease in skin dryness relative to non-application of the composition (p=0.0001), [0249] after fourteen days of treatment (at D19), application of composition 1 according to the invention shows a significant decrease in skin dryness relative to a single application of the composition at D5 (p<0.0001).

[0250] Evaluation of Discomfort Sensations

TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 D 0 D 5 D 19 T0 before 0 0 0 cleansing T0 after 3.00 (σ 0.168) 2.586 (σ 0.168) 2.241 (σ 0.168) cleansing Application of composition 1 T3 h after 2.69 (σ 0.168) 1.724 (σ 0.168) 0.966 (σ 0.168) cleansing T6 h after 1.724 (σ 0.168) 1.103 (σ 0.168) 0.621 0.168) cleansing

[0251] The values reported in table 4 above represent the means (n=30) of the skin discomfort sensation score, evaluated according to the scale detailed above.

[0252] Conclusion: [0253] using the area under the curve, application of composition 1 according to the invention shows a significant decrease in the skin discomfort sensations after a single application at D5, relative to the non-application of the composition (p<0.001). [0254] also, after fourteen days of treatment (at D19), application of composition 1 according to the invention shows a significant decrease in the skin discomfort sensations relative to a single application of the composition at D5 (p<0.001). [0255] lastly, after fourteen days of treatment (at D19), application of composition 1 according to the invention shows a significant decrease in the skin discomfort sensations relative to the non-application of the composition (p<0.001).

[0256] Evaluation of the Log Base 10 Bacterial Load

TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 D 0 D 5 D 19 T0 before 5.2 (σ 0.115) 5.182 (σ 0.115) 5.2 (σ 0.115) cleansing T0 after 4.899 (σ 0.115) 4.734 (σ 0.115) 4.75 (σ 0.115) cleansing Application of composition 1 T3 h after 4.614 (σ 0.115) 5.113 (σ 0.115) 4.966 (σ 0.115) cleansing T6 h after 4.84 (σ 0.115) 5.2 (σ 0.115) 5.2 (σ 0.115) cleansing

[0257] The values reported in table 5 above represent the means (n=30) for bacterial load using the evaluation method detailed above.

[0258] Conclusion: [0259] using the area under the curve, application of composition 1 according to the invention shows a significant increase in the bacterial load after a single application at D5 relative to the non-application of the composition (p<0.001). [0260] also, after fourteen days (at D19), application of composition 1 according to the invention shows a significant increase in the bacterial load relative to the non-application of the composition (p<0.001), indicating complete recovery of the bacterial load.

[0261] Evaluation of Alpha Diversity (Shannon Index)

TABLE-US-00006 TABLE 6 D 0 D 5 D 19 T0 before 1.800 (σ 0.09) 1.900 (σ 0.09) 2.00 (σ 0.09) cleansing T0 after 1.112 (σ 0.09) 1.100 (σ 0.09) 1.144 (σ 0.09) cleansing Application of composition 1 T3 h after 1.223 (σ 0.09) 0.908 (σ 0.09) 1.319 (σ 0.09) cleansing T6 h after 1.31 (σ 0.09) 1.426 (σ 0.09) 1.570 0.09) cleansing

[0262] The values reported in table 6 above represent the median alpha diversities using the evaluation method detailed above.

CONCLUSION

[0263] a significant decrease in alpha diversity is found after cleansing (p<0.05). No recovery is found on bare skin, with a significant decrease (p<0.05) in the diversity still present at 3 h and 6 h after cleansing. [0264] starting from initial application of composition 1 according to the invention at D5, the beginning of recovery of the alpha diversity (p=0.024) is observed, heralding an onset of recovery. [0265] after fourteen days (at D19), application of composition 1 according to the invention shows a significant increase in the alpha diversity, indicating a recovery of the alpha diversity, with a diversity at T6h after cleansing no different from T0 before cleansing (p>0.05), this being an indicator of complete recovery of the alpha diversity. [0266] also, after fourteen days (at D19), application of composition 1 according to the invention shows a significantly different recovery of the alpha diversity relative to the non-application of the composition (p=0.023).

[0267] Evaluation of beta diversity/UniFrac distance−value R representing the phylogenetic distance relative to T0 before cleansing.

TABLE-US-00007 TABLE 7 D 0 D 5 D 19 T0 after R = 0.156 R = 0.244 R = 0.131 cleansing P = 0.0075 P = 0.0075 P = 0.0075 Application of composition 1 T3 h after R = 0.262 R = 0.127 R = 0.092 cleansing P = 0.0075 P = 0.03 P = 000729 T6 h after R = 0.184 R = 0.12 R = 0.094 cleansing P = 00018 P = 0.03 P = 000729

[0268] The values reported in table 7 above represent the means (n=30) of the beta diversity using the evaluation method detailed above. The greater the reduction in the value R, the lower the phylogenetic distance relative to T0 before cleansing, and the greater the recovery capacity of the bacterial community.

[0269] Conclusion: [0270] cleansing with the aggressive cleanser brings about a considerable modification in the structure of the bacterial communities of the skin. It is important to note that the change after T3h is greater than at T0 after cleansing, meaning that the skin bacteria have difficulties in recovery. [0271] a lower R value is already observed after just a single application of composition 1 according to the invention, relative to non-treatment, and this signifies the start of recovery. [0272] fourteen days of applying composition 1 according to the invention lead to a lesser alteration just after cleansing and also to an R value that is still lower relative to a single application: 3 h after cleansing, the value of R is very low and the value p is no longer significantly different, suggesting that the bacterial community is similar to that before cleansing, and indicating total recovery of the bacterial beta diversity.

Example 2—Comparison of the Recovery in Bacterial Skin Flora Following Application, Between a Composition According to the Invention and a Non-Inventive Composition, after Use of an Aggressive Cleanser

[0273] A group of 30 women between 55-65 years old was selected. An aggressive cleanser was used to carry out the cleansing of the skin of the face of the subjects in the study. The protocol applied was the same as that set out in example 1 above, but with composition 1 being replaced by compositions 2 (according to the invention) and 3 (non-inventive).

[0274] Ingredients of the composition of the cleanser included the following: Water, triethanolamine, glycerin, myristic acid, lauric acid, cocamidopropyl betaine, lauryl phosphate, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, pentasodium triphosphate, O-cymen-5-ol (isopropyl methylphenol), benzophenone-4, butyl hydroxy toluene.

[0275] The skin of the cheeks of the subjects was evaluated: [0276] on bare skin (D0): at T0be, T0af, T3h and T6h; [0277] immediately after application of the composition (D3): at T3h and T6h; [0278] after 15 days of treatment with the composition (D18): at T3h and T6h.

[0279] T0 be: before cleansing;

[0280] T0 af: immediately after cleansing;

[0281] T3h: 3 h after cleansing;

[0282] T6h: 6 h after cleansing.

[0283] Evaluation is carried out on the following criteria: [0284] pulling sensations [0285] bacterial load [0286] alpha diversity (Shannon index) [0287] beta diversity

[0288] The scoring scales used are the same as those indicated in example 1.

[0289] The following composition 2 according to the invention and non-inventive composition 3 were prepared:

TABLE-US-00008 TABLE 8 Composition Composition 2 according to 3 outside of the invention the invention INCI names (m/m) (m/m) LYSATE OF BIFIDOBACTERIUM 10 10 LONGUM 95% ETHANOL 5 5 MANNOSE* 0.5 — ACTIVE AGENTS 1.755 1.755 SODIUM HYDROXIDE 0.0345 0.0345 ALPHA-GLUCAN 0.3 — OLIGOSACCHARIDE (and) POLYMNIA SONCHIFOLIA tuber juice (and) LACTOBACILLUS** SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE 1 1 YEAST EXTRACT ROSA GALLICA FLOWER 0.01 — EXTRACT OIL 1.5 1.5 FRAGRANCE qs qs GELLING AGENT 0.35 0.35 OXYETHYLENATED (60 EO) 0.0165 0.0165 HYDROGENATED CASTOR OIL PEG-20 METHYL GLUCOSE 0.1 0.1 SESQUISTEARATE DISODIUM EDTA 0.1 0.1 GLYCOL 5 5 PRESERVATIVES qs qs WATER qs 100 qs 100 *D-Mannose, sold by the company Danisco. **Ecoskin ® sold by the company Solabia comprising 70% by weight of glucooligosaccharide (GOS), 19% by weight of Polymnia sonchifolia tuber juice, 1% by weight of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus casei, 10% by weight of maltodextrin.

[0290] Compositions 2 and 3 were prepared as follows: the compounds cannot be dissolved cold and are therefore mixed and heated to 80° C. to form a pre-emulsion. Compositions 2 and 3 are then cooled to 35° C. The gelling agents are subsequently added and dissolved. The probiotic fractions are added at ambient temperature.

[0291] Compositions 2 and 3 were applied to the entirety of the face.

[0292] Evaluation of Pulling Sensations

TABLE-US-00009 TABLE 9 D 0 D 3 D 18 T0 before 0 0 0 cleansing T0 after 2.467 (σ 0.507) 1.967 (σ 0.850) 1.500 (σ 0.630) cleansing Application of composition 3 outside of the invention T3 h after 1.767 (σ 0.679) 0.533 (σ 0.629) 0.367 (σ 0.669) cleansing T6 h after 1.400 (σ 0.563) 0.233 (σ 0.728) 0.267 (σ 0.691) cleansing

TABLE-US-00010 TABLE 10 D 0 D 3 D 18 T0 before 0 0 0 cleansing T0 after 2.636 (σ 0.489) 2.061 (σ 0.747) 1.606 (σ 0.556) cleansing Application of composition 2 according to the invention T3 h after 1.606 (σ 0.659) 0.697 (σ 0.728) 0.455 (σ 0.506) cleansing T6 h after 1.242 (σ 0.502) 0.030 (σ 0.951) 0.30 0.174) cleansing

[0293] Conclusion: from the first application of the two compositions 2 and 3, relative to bare skin (D0), a significantly more rapid decrease (p<0.001) is observed in instances of pulling induced by the aggressive cleanser. After 15 days of application of the two compositions 2 and 3, they provide significant protection against the pulling sensations induced by the aggressive cleanser, relative to bare skin (p<0.001).

[0294] Evaluation of Bacterial Load

TABLE-US-00011 TABLE 11 D 0 D 3 D 18 T0 before 5.400 (σ 0.507) 4.900 (σ 0.500) 5.000 (σ 0.600) cleansing T0 after 5.170 (σ 0.725) 4.712 (σ 0.536) 4.815 (σ 0.619) cleansing Application of composition 3 outside of the invention T3 h after 4.963 (σ 0.680) 5.461 (σ 0.581) 5.345 (σ 0.642) cleansing T6 h after 5.094 (σ 0.694) 5.453 (σ 0.492) 0.501 (σ 0.560) cleansing

TABLE-US-00012 TABLE 12 D 0 D 3 D 18 T0 before 5.400 (σ 0.500) 5.300 (σ 0.499) 5.500 (σ 0.489) cleansing T0 after 5.214 (σ 0.516) 5.167 (σ 0.129) 5.335 (σ 0.616) cleansing Application of composition 2 according to the invention T3 h after 5.165 (σ 0.517) 5.996 (σ 0.457) 5.966 (σ 0.570) cleansing T6 h after 5.384 (σ 0.471) 6.000 (σ 0.477) 6.103 (σ 0.491) cleansing

[0295] Conclusion: application of the two compositions 2 and 3 allows the bacterial load to be recovered significantly more rapidly and completely from 3 h (p<0.0001); this efficacy is also confirmed after 15 days of application, where the two formulas allow significantly complete and more rapid recovery of the total bacterial load (p<0.0001) from 3 h.

[0296] Evaluation of alpha diversity (Shannon index)

TABLE-US-00013 TABLE 13 D 0 D 3 D 18 T0 before 4.777402 (σ 1.889741) 4.908551 (σ 1.714782) 4.886903 (σ 1.851608) cleansing T0 after 3.463015 (σ 1.720453) 3.296553 (σ 1.466964) 3.137147 (σ 1.374128) cleansing Application of composition 3 outside of the invention T3 h after 3.379283 (σ 1.348742) 3.599526 (σ 1.557088) 3.848689 (σ 1.383819) cleansing T6 h after 3.516270 (σ 1.618340) 3.792114 (σ 1.477205) 3.899070 (σ: 1.552283) cleansing

[0297] The values reported in table 13 (composition 3) above represent the means of alpha diversity evaluated by the method detailed above.

[0298] The recovery observed at D3 is better, but not significantly different relative to D0, and no significant difference is observed in recovery of the bacterial diversity between D0 (bare skin), D3 (one application) and D18 (14 days of application). There is therefore no better recovery by comparison with bare skin.

TABLE-US-00014 TABLE 14 D 0 D 3 D 18 T0 before 4.672790 (σ 1.855959) 4.873973 (σ 1.999028) 4.884979 (σ 2.051535) cleansing T0 after 3.051956 (σ 1.559591) 3.453342 (σ 1.598937) 3.124363 (σ 1.434146) cleansing Application of composition 2 according to the invention T3 h after 3.333296 (σ 1.465144) 3.781791 (σ 1.539461) 3.754071 (σ 1.693631) cleansing T6 h after 3.426750 (σ 1.587532) 3.793559 (σ 1.615621) 4.106017 (σ 1.809540) cleansing

[0299] The values reported in table 14 (composition 2 according to invention) above represent the means of alpha diversity evaluated by the method detailed above.

[0300] A significant recovery is observed at D18 (T6h) relative to D0 (T6h) (p<0.005). After 15 days of use, the bacterial skin diversity is recovered 2.73 times faster after an aggression. The recovery is greater and more rapid at D18 relative to bare skin at D0 and also to a single application of composition 2 at D3.

[0301] Evaluation of beta diversity−value R representing the phylogenetic distance relative to T0 before cleansing.

TABLE-US-00015 TABLE 15 D 0 D 3 D 18 T0 after cleansing R = 0.057 R = 0.097 R = 0.160 P = 0.0880 P = 0.0230 P = 0.0097 Application of composition 3 outside of the invention T3 h after cleansing R = 0.063 R = 0.079 R = 0.086 P = 0.0440 P = 0.0330 P = 0.0260 T6 h after cleansing R = 0.034 R = 0.049 R = 0.071 P = 0.2000 P = 0.0700 P = 0.0610

[0302] The values reported in table 15 (composition 3) above represent the means (n=30) of the beta diversity evaluated by the method detailed above. The greater the reduction in the value R, the lower the phylogenetic distance relative to T0 before cleansing, and the greater the recovery capacity of the bacterial community.

[0303] Based on the reference data at T0 before cleansing (bare skin), an increase in the R value is found, indicating an alteration and a distancing of the bacterial community. At D3 and D18, the value R has decreased, but remains significantly different relative to D0, again showing an alteration in the bacterial community and an absence of recovery at D0 and D3 and D18.

TABLE-US-00016 TABLE 16 D 0 D 3 D 18 T0 after R = 0.071 R = 0.097 R = 0.100 cleansing .sup. P = 0.056 .sup. P = 0.023 .sup. P = 0.019 Application of composition 2 according to the invention T3 h after R = 0.054 R = 0.094 R = 0.036 cleansing .sup. P = 0.078 .sup. P = 0.052 .sup. P = 0.180 T6 h after R = 0.057 R = 0.079 R = 0.018 cleansing .sup. P = 0.074 .sup. P = 0.068 .sup. P = 0.420

[0304] The values reported in table 16 (composition 2) above represent the means (n=30) of the beta diversity evaluated by the method detailed above. The greater the reduction in the value R, the lower the phylogenetic distance relative to T0 before cleansing, and the greater the recovery capacity of the bacterial community.

[0305] Based on the reference data from before washing, no recovery is found at D0: the value of R is virtually unchanged between after washing (R=0.071) and T6h (R=0.057).

[0306] No recovery is observed at D3; the value of R is virtually unchanged between straight after washing (R=0.097) and T6h (R=0.079).

[0307] At D18 a rapid recovery is observed; the R value drops rapidly after cleansing (R=0.100) and T3h (R=0.036) and T6h (R=0.018). A significant total recovery is observed at D18 from T3h.

GENERAL CONCLUSION

[0308] Compositions 2 (according to the invention) and 3 (outside of the invention) enable a decrease in the pulling sensations.

[0309] Only composition 2 according to the invention, comprising a combination of oligosaccharides and mannose, enables a more rapid and more substantial recovery in the alpha and beta diversities following the use of an aggressive cleanser.

BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCES

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