WASTEWATER PURIFICATION APPARATUS AND PROCESS FOR PURIFYING WASTEWATER

Abstract

A wastewater purification apparatus includes an elongate tank, which has an inflow for feeding wastewater, a first vertical agitator with a first hyperboloid agitator body mounted on a vertical first agitator shaft and provided in a first treatment portion downstream of the inflow on the first narrow side, a second vertical agitator with a second hyperboloid agitator body mounted on a vertical second agitator shaft and provided in a second treatment portion downstream of the first vertical agitator, an aeration device with a fan for aerating wastewater received in the tank, a first drive device for rotating the first hyperboloid agitator body in a first rotation direction, a second drive device for rotating the second hyperboloid agitator body in a second rotation direction opposite the first rotation direction, and a decanter for discharging purified wastewater in a third treatment portion on a second narrow side opposite the first narrow side.

Claims

1. A wastewater purification apparatus for purifying wastewater (W), comprising an elongate tank (1), which, on its first narrow side (S1), has an inflow (2) for feeding wastewater (W), a first vertical agitator (4, 4a, 4b) with a first hyperboloid agitator body (6, 6a, 6b) mounted on a vertical first agitator shaft (5, 5a, 5b), wherein the first vertical agita-tor (4, 4a, 4b) is provided in a first treatment portion (A) downstream of the inflow (2) on the first narrow side (S1), a second vertical agitator (7, 7a, 7b) with a second hyperboloid agitator body (9, 9a, 9b) mounted on a vertical second agitator shaft (8, 8a, 8b), wherein the second vertical agitator (7, 7a, 7b) is provided in a second treatment portion (B) downstream of the first vertical agitator (4, 4a, 4b), an aeration device with a fan for aerating wastewater (W) received in the tank (1), a first drive device for rotating the first hyperboloid agitator body (6, 6a, 6b) in a first rotation direction, a second drive device for rotating the second hyperboloid agitator body (9, 9a, 9b) in a second rotation direction, which is opposite the first rotation direction, and a decanter (3), which is provided for discharging purified wastewater (W) in a third treatment portion (C) on a second narrow side (S2), which is opposite the first narrow side (S1).

2. The wastewater purification apparatus according to claim 1, wherein first transport ribs (10) provided on an upper side of the first hyperboloid agitator body (6, 6a, 6b) have a first curvature, and second transport ribs (11) provided on a further upper side of the second hyperboloid agitator body (9, 9a, 9b) have a second curvature, which is opposite the first curvature.

3. The wastewater purification apparatus according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the hyperboloid agitator bodies (6, 6a, 6b, 9, 9a, 9b) is formed as a hollow body and has a central aperture (14) for feeding air and also has air outlet openings (25).

4. The wastewater purification apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the agitator shaft (5, 5a, 5b, 8, 8a, 8b) is formed as a hollow shaft for feeding air to the central aperture (14).

5. The wastewater purification apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the drive device has a transmission (27) with a hollow trans-mission shaft (28), one end of which is connected to the fan and the other end of which is connected to the hollow shaft.

6. The wastewater purification apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the aeration device has at least one perforated air feed line supported on a base (F) of the tank (1), which air feed line is connected to the fan.

7. The wastewater purification apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of first vertical agitators (4, 4a, 4b) are provided successively in the flow direction in the first treatment portion (A) and/or a plurality of second vertical agitators (7, 7a, 7b) are provided successively in the flow direction in the second treatment portion (B), wherein the hyperboloid agitator bodies (6, 6a, 6b, 9, 9a, 9b) of directly successive vertical agitators (4, 4a, 4b, 7, 7a, 7b) are rotated in each case with opposite rotation directions.

8. A process for purifying wastewater, in particular an SBR process, comprising the following steps: providing a wastewater purification apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein an activated sludge is provided in the first treatment portion (A) and in the second treatment portion (B), feeding wastewater (W) through the inflow (2), stirring a suspension formed from the wastewater (W) and the activated sludge by means of the first vertical agitator (4, 4a, 4b) in the first treatment portion (A), wherein the first hyperboloid agitator body (6, 6a, 6b) rotates at a predefined first rotary speed in the first rotation direction and the suspension is aerated by means of the aeration device, stirring the suspension by means of the second vertical agitator (7, 7a, 7b), where-in the second hyperboloid agitator body (9, 9a, 9b) is rotated at a predefined second rotary speed in the second rotation direction and the suspension is aerated by means of the aeration device, leaving the suspension to rest in the third treatment portion (C), wherein the suspension is neither stirred nor aerated by means of the aeration device, and decanting the supernatant by means of the decanter (3).

9. The process according to claim 8, wherein the first rotary speed is selected to be slower than the second rotary speed.

10. The process according to claim 8, wherein the first rotary speed is selected such that a concentration of activated sludge in a base-side, lower half of the suspension is greater than in the surface-side, upper half.

11. The process according to claim 8, wherein a plurality of first vertical agitators (4, 4a, 4b) are provided in succession in the flow direction in the first treatment portion (A) and/or a plurality of second vertical agitators (7, 7a, 7b) are provided in succession in the flow direction in the second treatment portion (B), wherein the hyperboloid agitator bodies (6, 6a, 6b, 9, 9a, 9b) of directly successive vertical agitators (4, 4a, 4b, 7, 7a, 7b) are rotated in each case with opposite rotation directions.

12. The process according to claim 8, wherein the wastewater is fed continuously.

13. The process according to claim 8, wherein the wastewater is fed sequentially.

14. The process according to claim 8, wherein the suspension is neither stirred nor aerated by means of the aeration device during the step in which the suspension is left to rest in the second treatment portion (B) and/or third treatment portion (C).

15. The process according to claim 8, wherein the suspension is neither stirred nor aerated by means of the aeration device during the step in which the suspension is left to rest in the first treatment portion (A).

Description

[0041] Exemplary embodiments of the invention will be explained in greater detail with reference to the drawings, in which:

[0042] FIG. 1 shows a schematic plan view of a first wastewater purification apparatus,

[0043] FIG. 2 shows a schematic sectional view according to FIG. 1,

[0044] FIG. 3 shows a schematic plan view of a second wastewater purification apparatus,

[0045] FIG. 4 shows a sectional view according to FIG. 3,

[0046] FIG. 5 shows a schematic plan view of a first hyperboloid agitator body,

[0047] FIG. 6 shows a schematic plan view of a second hyperboloid agitator body,

[0048] FIG. 7 shows a partially broken-open perspective view of a third hyperboloid agitator body,

[0049] FIG. 8 shows a plan view of an upper shell,

[0050] FIG. 9 shows a view from below according to FIG. 8,

[0051] FIG. 10 shows a plan view of a lower shell,

[0052] FIG. 11 shows a view from below according to FIG. 10, and

[0053] FIG. 12 shows a schematic sectional view through a motor and a transmission.

[0054] FIGS. 1 and 2 show views of a first wastewater purification apparatus. The first wastewater purification apparatus comprises an elongate tank 1, which has an inflow 2 on its first narrow side S1 for feeding wastewater. On a second narrow side S2, which is opposite the first narrow side S1, there is provided a decanter 3 for discharging purified wastewater. A first long side of the tank 1 is denoted by L1 an opposite, second long side is denoted by L2. Downstream of the inflow, a first vertical agitator 4 is provided, which has a first hyperboloid agitator body 6 on a first agitator shaft 5. Reference sign 7 denotes a second vertical agitator, which has a second hyperboloid agitator body 9 on a second agitator shaft 8.

[0055] The first vertical agitator 4 has a first drive device (not shown here), by means of which the first hyperboloid agitator body 6 is rotatable in an anticlockwise direction in plan view. The second vertical agitator 7 is provided with a second drive device (not shown here), by means of which the second hyperboloid agitator body 9 is rotatable in a clockwise direction.

[0056] In the case of the second wastewater purification apparatus shown schematically in FIGS. 3 and 4, two first vertical agitators 4a, 4b are provided in succession in a flow direction directed from the inflow 2 to the decanter 3, followed by two second vertical agitators 7a, 7b. The first drive devices (not shown here) of the first vertical agitators 4a, 4b are designed such that the hyperboloid agitator bodies 6a, 6b of the vertical agitators are rotated in opposite directions. Similarly, the second drive devices (not shown here) are designed such that the second hyperboloid agitator bodies 9a, 9b are also rotated in opposite directions. The first hyperboloid agitator body 6b of the first vertical agitator 5b is advantageously rotated oppositely to the second hyperboloid agitator body 9a of the second vertical agitator 7a. Consequently, in this advantageous embodiment, successive hyperboloid agitator bodies 6a, 6b, 9a, 9b are rotated in each case in opposite directions.

[0057] At least one first vertical agitator 4, 4a, 4b is arranged in a first treatment portion A of the tank 1 provided downstream of the inflow 2. At least one second vertical agitator 7, 7a, 7b is arranged in a second treatment portion B provided downstream of the first treatment portion A. There is no vertical agitator arranged here in a third treatment portion C following on downstream from the second treatment portion B. The decanter 3 is situated in said third treatment portion. However, it may also be that at least one vertical agitator is likewise provided in the third treatment portion C.

[0058] Aeration devices (not shown here) are provided in the first treatment portion A and in the second treatment portion B. These devices may be perforated feed lines laid on the base F of the tank 1. In accordance with a specific preferred embodiment, the air is fed through the hyperboloid agitator bodies 6, 6a, 6b, 9, 9b, 9a, which are preferably formed as hollow bodies.

[0059] The proposed wastewater purification apparatuses function as follows:

[0060] The rotation of one of the hyperboloid agitator bodies 6, 6a, 6b, 9, 9a, 9b results in a flow that is directed from a surface O of a wastewater W received in the tank 1 along the vertical agitator shaft 5, 8 to an upper side of the hyperboloid agitator body 6, 6a, 6b, 9, 9a, 9b. The flow then deflects parallel to the upper side of the hyperboloid agitator body 6, 6a, 6b, 9, 9a, 9b in a substantially horizontal direction. It then deflects further and is directed again to the upper side O. On the whole, a circulating flow directed from the upper side O to a base F of the tank 1 is created.

[0061] As can be seen in particular from FIGS. 2 and 4, flow sections are formed during the operation of adjacent vertical agitators 4, 4a, 4b, 7, 7a, 7b, which flow sections are delimited by the upstream flows resulting between two successive vertical agitators 4, 4a, 4b, 7, 7a, 7b from the base F in the direction of the surface O and the two longitudinal sides L1 and L2 of the tank 1. Only a small exchange of a suspension formed from the wastewater W and an activated sludge occurs between successive flow sections. The exchange or transport of the suspension from the inflow 2 to the decanter 3 may be controlled by one or more of the following parameters: [0062] amount of wastewater W fed through the inflow 2 per unit of time, [0063] rotary speed of the first and/or second vertical agitators 4, 4a, 4b, 7, 7a, 7b, [0064] amount of the purified wastewater W removed per unit of time by means of the decanter 3.

[0065] FIG. 5 shows, by way of example, a plan view of an upper side O1 of the first hyperboloid agitator. First transport ribs 10 extend on the first upper side O1 and run from the first agitator shaft 5 firstly in the radial direction to the peripheral edge U of the first hyperboloid agitator body 6. The first transport ribs 10, following a first curvature, then deflect in a tangential direction towards the peripheral edge U.

[0066] FIG. 6 shows a plan view of a further upper side of the second hyperboloid agitator body 7. There, second transport ribs 11 extend from the second agitator shaft 8 again in the radial direction and deflect towards the peripheral edge U in accordance with a second curvature in a tangential direction. The first curvature is opposite the second curvature. Due to the different embodiment of the first transport ribs 10 and the second transport ribs 11, the first hyperboloid agitator body 5 is suitable in particular for a rotation in an anticlockwise direction, whereas the second hyperboloid agitator body 7 is suitable for a rotation in a clockwise direction. A particularly efficient circulating flow from the base F to the surface O may be generated with use of hyperboloid agitator bodies 6, 7.

[0067] FIGS. 7 to 11 show an advantageous embodiment of the hyperboloid agitator bodies.

[0068] In FIG. 7 a hyperboloid agitator body is mounted on a hollow agitator shaft 12. The hyperboloid agitator body has a central connection portion denoted by reference sign 13. The connection portion 13 has a central aperture 14 for the passage of air.

[0069] Reference sign 16 denotes an upper shell, with transport ribs 17 extending from the first upper side O1 thereof. Reference sign 18 denotes a lower shell, with walls 19 extending from the second upper side O2 thereof. Reference sign 20 denotes an insert which is provided downstream of the aperture 14 and an air distribution space 15. The insert 20 is formed in the manner of a conical beaker and has a plurality of air distribution apertures 21 on its peripheral wall. Each of the air distribution apertures 21 leads into an air channel 22 formed by adjacent walls 19 and the upper shell 16 and the lower shell 18. Shearing ribs 23 are mounted on a second underside U2 of the lower shell 18 and on the peripheral edge thereof.

[0070] FIG. 8 shows a plan view of the first upper side O1 of the upper shell. The transport ribs 17 extending from the first upper side O1 are visible and run from the aperture 14 firstly in a radial direction and then towards the peripheral edge U in a tangential direction. The insert 20 arranged downstream of the aperture 14 and having the air distribution apertures 21 is also conceivable.

[0071] FIG. 9 shows a view from below according to FIG. 8. The transport ribs 17 in the form of indentations are visible on a first underside U1 of the upper shell 16.

[0072] FIG. 10 shows a plan view of the second upper side O2 of the lower shell 18. The lower shell 18 is closed in its centre, i.e. opposite the aperture 14 provided in the upper shell 16. The walls 19 extend from the second upper side O2. The walls 19—similarly to the transport ribs 17—run from the centre firstly in a radial direction and then deflect in a substantially tangential direction towards the peripheral edge U. A plurality of retaining devices 24 are situated on the peripheral edge U and form indentations in the second upper side O2. The retaining devices 24 are used—as can be seen in particular in conjunction with FIG. 11 explained below—to receive and fasten the shearing ribs 23.

[0073] FIG. 11 shows a view from below according to FIG. 10. The walls 19 are visible in the form of indentations on a second underside U2 of the lower shell. The retaining devices 24, by contrast, extend from the second underside U2. Reference is also made in this regard to FIG. 7. An air outlet opening 25 is provided between each two adjacent retaining devices 24 or two adjacent shearing ribs 23.

[0074] FIG. 12 shows a schematic sectional view through a transmission 27 which is connected in terms of drive to a motor 26. The transmission 27 has a hollow transmission shaft 28, the first end of which is connected to an air feed line 29. A fan connected to the air feed line 29 is not shown here. A second end E2 of the hollow transmission shaft 28 is connected to the hollow agitator shaft 12. As can be seen from FIG. 7, a third end E3 of the hollow agitator shaft 12 is connected to the hyperboloid agitator body shown in FIGS. 7 to 11.

[0075] The stirring and gassing device resulting in particular from FIGS. 7 to 12 may be mounted for example on a crossbeam or bridge 30 (see FIG. 12) which spans the tank 1 between the two long sides L1 and L2 thereof.

[0076] A process for purifying wastewater, in particular an SBR process, can be carried out particularly efficiently with the proposed wastewater purification apparatus.

[0077] In order to carry out the process, a predefined amount of activated sludge is added to a wastewater W situated in the tank 1 in the first treatment portion A. The at least one first vertical agitator 4, 4a, 4b is rotated at a predefined first rotary speed, such that a suspension forms from the wastewater W and the activated sludge. At the same time, the at least one second vertical agitator 7, 7a, 7b is rotated at a second rotary speed. The second rotary speed is advantageously quicker than the first rotary speed. Consequently, and in particular due to the opposite rotation directions of the successive vertical agitators, a suspension with a high concentration of activated sludge forms in the first treatment portion A, and a suspension with a lower concentration of activated sludge forms in the second treatment portion B.

[0078] During operation of the vertical agitators, the suspension is circulated in accordance with the flow direction shown in FIGS. 2 and 4. In so doing, the suspension is aerated, advantageously simultaneously. Consequently, microorganisms contained in the activated sludge are fed. The microorganisms break down organic impurities in the wastewater.

[0079] In the third treatment portion C the suspension rests. The suspension may, however, also be stirred slowly by means of at least one (not shown here) third vertical agitator in the third treatment portion C. There, it usually has an even lower concentration of activated sludge than in the second treatment portion B. In the third treatment portion C a supernatant formed from treated wastewater forms and is removed by means of the decanter 3. During the decanting process, the at least one third vertical agitator is expediently switched off.

[0080] The proposed method may advantageously be performed continuously by feeding wastewater constantly through the inflow 2 and discharging a corresponding amount of treated wastewater through the decanter 3.

[0081] The proposed method, however, may also be carried out conventionally in the form of an SBR process. To this end the first vertical agitators 4, 4a, 4b and second vertical agitators 7, 7a, 7b are operated only temporarily. During the stoppage times of the vertical agitators 4, 4a, 4b, 7, 7a, 7b, a supernatant formed from treated wastewater forms in the treatment portion C and may then be removed by means of the decanter 3.

LIST OF REFERENCE SIGNS

[0082] 1 tank [0083] 2 inflow [0084] 3 decanter [0085] 4, 4a, 4b first vertical agitator [0086] 5, 5a, 5b first agitator shaft [0087] 6, 6a, 6b first hyperboloid agitator body [0088] 7, 7a, 7b second vertical agitator [0089] 8, 8a, 8b second agitator shaft [0090] 9, 9a, 9b second hyperboloid agitator body [0091] 10 first transport ribs [0092] 11 second transport ribs [0093] 12 agitator shaft [0094] 13 connection portion [0095] 14 aperture [0096] 15 air distribution space [0097] 16 upper shell [0098] 17 transport rib [0099] 18 lower shell [0100] 19 wall [0101] 20 insert [0102] 21 air distribution aperture [0103] 22 air channel [0104] 23 shearing rib [0105] 24 retaining device [0106] 25 air outlet opening [0107] 26 motor [0108] 27 transmission [0109] 28 hollow transmission shaft [0110] 29 air feed line [0111] 30 float [0112] A first treatment portion [0113] B second treatment portion [0114] C third treatment portion [0115] E1 first end [0116] E2 second end [0117] E3 third end [0118] F base [0119] L1 first long side [0120] L2 second long side [0121] O surface [0122] O1 first upper side [0123] O2 second upper side [0124] S1 first narrow side [0125] S2 second narrow side [0126] U peripheral edge [0127] U1 first underside [0128] U2 second underside [0129] W wastewater