DIRECTLY ELECTRICAL HEATED REACTOR

Abstract

The invention relates to a reactor comprising a moving bed of solid particles that move in the direction of gravitation, and to a method for heating a reactor that comprises a moving bed, for the purpose of pyrolysis reactions.

Claims

1-11. (canceled)

12. A reactor for a pyrolysis reaction, comprising a moving bed of solid particles which move in the direction of gravitation, wherein the flow cross-section of the reactor changes over the length of a reaction zone, and electrical electrodes are arranged as in an annularly concentric manner in the reaction zone.

13. The reactor according to claim 12, wherein the electrodes are made of a graphite-containing material and have a varying conductivity over their length.

14. The reactor according to claim 12, wherein the flow cross-section of the reactor changes over the length of the reaction zone in such a way that this has a conical or nearly conical shape.

15. The reactor according to claim 12, wherein the reactor has inlets and outlets for gaseous educts and products, so that the educt and product stream can be guided in counterflow to the moving bed.

16. The reactor according to claim 12, wherein further supply lines for refrigerant gas are provided near the product outlet.

17. The reactor according to claim 12, wherein the conical part of the reactor is arranged in such a way that the wider part of the cone is arranged in the supply region of the moving bed.

18. A method for heating a reactor that comprises a moving bed, for the purpose of pyrolysis reactions, wherein the moving bed is passed through the reactor, wherein the flow cross-section of the reactor changes over the length of a reaction zone, and wherein annularly concentric electrodes are arranged in the reactor, through which the moving bed is passed and which heat the moving bed.

19. The method according to claim 18, wherein the moving bed is guided in counterflow to an educt and product stream.

20. The method according to claim 18, wherein the moving bed is heated to temperatures from 900 to 1200° C.

21. The method according to claim 18, wherein a gas stream containing methane is used as an educt, and the reactor is used for methane pyrolysis.

22. The method according to claim 18, wherein a refrigerant gas is supplied near the product outlet to cool an exiting product stream.

Description

[0016] Further features and advantages of the invention will be explained in the description of an exemplary embodiment, with reference to FIG. 1. Figures show:

[0017] FIG. 1 a sectional view of a reactor according to the invention

[0018] FIG. 1 shows a preferred reactor geometry in sectional view. A moving bed W is supplied to the reactor from above via a cylindrical supply line. The outer reactor wall is preferably insulated by a lining.

The moving bed W is guided into an annular shaft which is executed from two cones of diametrically opposed design. The annular shaft is realized by installations. Annularly concentric electrodes E are attached to the wall of the ring shaft and the installations.
The reactor is preferably used for the pyrolysis of methane. For this purpose, a methane-containing feed stream F is supplied in counterflow to the moving bed W. The feed stream is heated to 900 to 1200° C. and reacted into hydrogen and carbon or synthesis gas. The product stream P is withdrawn at the upper end of the reactor.
An effective heat integration is achieved by the counterflow method, and no complex devices for cooling or pre-tempering the moving bed or gas streams are necessary.
In order to be able to control the temperature profile within the reactor, refrigerant gas can be supplied via a supply line Z. In this example, cold product gas is preferably used as a refrigerant gas.