DYNAMIC CONTROLLABLE DOG CLUTCH

Abstract

A dynamic controllable dog clutch (DCDC) includes a pocket plate, a notch plate, and a linear actuator having a stator and a translator. The translator is axially movable between (i) an engaged position in which a locking member axially extends through the a pocket of the pocket plate and engages a notch of the notch plate to thereby mechanically couple the pocket plate and the notch plate together to prevent relative rotation of the pocket plate and the notch plate with respect to each other about a common rotational axis and (ii) a disengaged position in which the locking member is disengaged from the notch of the notch plate to thereby mechanically decouple the pocket plate and the notch plate together to enable relative rotation of the pocket plate and the notch plate with respect to each other about the common rotational axis.

Claims

1. A dynamic controllable dog clutch assembly comprising: a pocket plate and a notch plate axially facing and supported for rotation relative to one another about a common rotational axis, the pocket plate having at least one pocket and the notch plate having at least one notch; and a linear actuator having a stator and a translator, the translator coupled to the pocket plate to rotate therewith; and the translator being axially movable between (i) an engaged position in which a locking member axially extends through the at least one pocket of the pocket plate and engages the at least one notch of the notch plate to thereby mechanically couple the pocket plate and the notch plate together to prevent relative rotation of the pocket plate and the notch plate with respect to each other about the common rotational axis and (ii) a disengaged position in which the locking member is disengaged from the at least one notch of the notch plate to thereby mechanically decouple the pocket plate and the notch plate together to enable relative rotation of the pocket plate and the notch plate with respect to each other about the common rotational axis.

2. The clutch assembly of claim 1, wherein the clutch assembly further includes a lug plate positioned between the pocket plate and the translator, wherein the lug plate is fixed relative to the locking member.

3. The clutch assembly of claim 2, wherein the locking member is provided as a separate component from the lug plate.

4. The clutch assembly of claim 3, wherein the locking member is retained within a slot of the lug plate.

5. The clutch assembly of claim 4, wherein the clutch assembly is configured so that the locking member is assembled between the translator and the lug plate and extends axially through the slot of the lug plate.

6. The clutch assembly of claim 4, wherein the clutch assembly is configured so that the locking member is assembled axially between the pocket plate and the lug plate, and wherein the locking member includes a first end that engages the slot of the lug plate and a second end that is provided through the at least one pocket of the pocket plate.

7. The clutch assembly of claim 2, wherein the locking member is integrally formed with the lug plate.

8. The clutch assembly of claim 7, wherein the lug plate includes an axially projecting hub that is cylindrical in shape.

9. The clutch assembly of claim 1, wherein the locking member is formed integrally with the translator.

10. A dynamic controllable dog clutch assembly comprising: a pocket plate and a notch plate axially facing and supported for rotation relative to one another about a common rotational axis, the pocket plate having at least one pocket and the notch plate having at least one notch; and a linear actuator having a stator, a translator, and a lug plate, the stator creating a magnetic flux when energized with electrical current, the translator and the lug plate coupled to the pocket plate to rotate therewith, the lug plate including or being coupled to an axially extending locking member and a return spring, the lug plate being axially between the translator and the pocket plate; and the translator being axially movable between (i) an engaged position in which the translator pushes the lug plate toward the pocket plate with the locking member axially extending through the at least one pocket of the pocket plate and engaging the at least one notch of the notch plate to thereby mechanically couple the pocket plate and the notch plate together to prevent relative rotation of the pocket plate and the notch plate with respect to each other about the common rotational axis and (ii) a disengaged position in which translator does not push the lug plate thereby enabling the return spring to push the lug plate away from the pocket plate with the locking member being disengaged from the at least one notch of the notch plate to thereby mechanically decouple the pocket plate and the notch plate together to enable relative rotation of the pocket plate and the notch plate with respect to each other about the common rotational axis.

11. The clutch assembly of claim 10, wherein the locking member is integrally formed with the lug plate.

12. The clutch assembly of claim 10, wherein the return spring is provided axially between the lug plate and the pocket plate, and wherein the return spring is biased so as to force the lug plate axially away from the pocket plate.

13. The clutch assembly of claim 10, wherein the locking member is provided as a separate component from the lug plate.

14. The clutch assembly of claim 10, wherein the locking member is radially oblong in shape relative to the common rotational axis.

15. The clutch assembly of claim 10, wherein the translator includes a mechanical portion that has a plurality of grooves that correspond to a plurality of prongs provided on the lug plate and that each engage a corresponding one of the plurality of grooves of the mechanical portion of the translator.

16. A dynamic controllable dog clutch assembly comprising: a pocket plate and a notch plate axially facing and supported for rotation relative to one another about a common rotational axis, the pocket plate having at least one pocket and the notch plate having at least one notch; and a linear actuator having a stator and a translator, the stator creating a magnetic flux when energized with electrical current, the translator coupled to the pocket plate to rotate therewith; and the translator being axially movable depending on the magnetic flux between (i) an engaged position in which a locking member axially extends through the at least one pocket of the pocket plate and engages the at least one notch of the notch plate to thereby mechanically couple the pocket plate and the notch plate together to prevent relative rotation of the pocket plate and the notch plate with respect to each other about the common rotational axis and (ii) a disengaged position in which the locking member is disengaged from the at least one notch of the notch plate to thereby mechanically decouple the pocket plate and the notch plate together to enable relative rotation of the pocket plate and the notch plate with respect to each other about the common rotational axis; wherein the translator is axially moveable to the engaged position in response to the magnetic flux and axially moveable to the disengaged position as a result of one or more return springs biasing the pocket plate axially away from the translator.

17. The clutch assembly of claim 16, wherein the at least one pocket of the pocket plate is a plurality of pockets, the at least one notch of the notch plate is a plurality of notches, and the clutch assembly includes a plurality of locking members including the locking member that, when the translator is in the engaged position, each extend through one pocket of the plurality of pockets of the pocket plate and engage one notch of the plurality of notches of the notch plate.

18. The clutch assembly of claim 16, further comprising a lug plate, wherein the plurality of springs are positioned axially between the pocket plate and the lug plate.

19. The clutch assembly of claim 16, further comprising a lug plate, wherein the locking member is provided as a separate component from the lug plate, and the clutch assembly is configured so that the locking member is assembled between the translator and the lug plate and extends axially through a slot of the lug plate.

20. The clutch assembly of claim 16, wherein the locking member is formed integrally with the translator.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a dynamic controllable clutch (DCC) having a linear actuator in accordance with the prior art;

[0021] FIG. 2 is a perspective view, partially broken away and in cross section, of the prior art DCC with the linear actuator being in an “off” position whereby the DCC is in a free wheel mode;

[0022] FIG. 3 is a perspective view, partially broken away and in cross section, of the prior art DCC with the linear actuator being in an “on” position whereby the DCC is in a lock mode;

[0023] FIG. 4 is a side view, partially broken away and in cross section, of the prior art DCC with a translator of the linear actuator magnetically latched in the “off” position, wherein FIGS. 2 and 4 pertains to the same condition of the DCC;

[0024] FIG. 5 is a side view, partially broken away and in cross section, of the prior art DCC with the translator of the linear actuator magnetically latched in the “on” position, wherein FIGS. 3 and 5 pertain to the same condition of the DCC;

[0025] FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B respectively illustrate a perspective view and another exploded view of the prior art DCC;

[0026] FIG. 7A illustrates a perspective view of a dynamic controllable dog clutch (DCDC) having a linear actuator with a dog clutch (“the disclosed linear actuator with dog clutch”) in accordance with a first embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0027] FIG. 7B illustrates an exploded view of the DCDC having the disclosed linear actuator with dog clutch in accordance with the first embodiment;

[0028] FIG. 7C illustrates a perspective view of the DCDC having the disclosed linear actuator with dog clutch in accordance with the first embodiment;

[0029] FIG. 7D illustrates an exploded view of the DCDC having the disclosed linear actuator with dog clutch in accordance with the first embodiment;

[0030] FIG. 7E illustrates a perspective view of the DCDC having the disclosed linear actuator with dog clutch in accordance with the first embodiment;

[0031] FIG. 8 illustrates a cross-sectional side view of the DCDC having the disclosed linear actuator with dog clutch in accordance with the first embodiment;

[0032] FIGS. 9A and 9B respectively illustrate a cross-sectional side view and an exploded view of the DCDC having the disclosed linear actuator with dog clutch in accordance with a second embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0033] FIGS. 10A and 10B respectively illustrate an engaged cross-sectional side view and a disengaged cross-sectional side view of the DCDC having the disclosed linear actuator with dog clutch in accordance with the second embodiment;

[0034] FIGS. 11A, 11B, and 11C respectively illustrate an engaged cross-sectional side view, a disengaged cross-sectional side view, and another engaged cross-sectional side view of the DCDC having the disclosed linear actuator with dog clutch in accordance with a third embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0035] FIG. 12 illustrates a lug plate that is used as a part of the DCDC in accordance with the third embodiment;

[0036] FIGS. 13A, 13B, and 13C respectively illustrate an engaged cross-sectional side view, a disengaged cross-sectional side view, and another engaged cross-sectional view of the DCDC having the disclosed linear actuator with dog clutch in accordance with a variation of the third embodiment;

[0037] FIG. 14 illustrates a lug plate that is used as a part of the DCDC in accordance with the variation of the third embodiment that is shown in FIGS. 13A, 13B, and 13C;

[0038] FIG. 15 illustrates an exploded view of the DCDC having the disclosed linear actuator with dog clutch in accordance with a fourth embodiment;

[0039] FIG. 16 illustrates an exploded view of the DCDC having the disclosed linear actuator with dog clutch in accordance with the fourth embodiment;

[0040] FIGS. 17A, 17B, and 17C respectively illustrate side views of the DCDC having the disclosed linear actuator with dog clutch in accordance with the third embodiment being moved from the disengaged position to the engaged position;

[0041] FIGS. 18A, 18B, and 18C respectively illustrate side views of the DCDC having the disclosed linear actuator with dog clutch in accordance with the third embodiment being moved from the engaged position to the disengaged position; and

[0042] FIG. 19 illustrates three different views of the DCDC having the disclosed linear actuator with dog clutch in accordance with the first embodiment for each of four different states of the DCDC.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] Detailed embodiments of the present disclosure are disclosed herein; however, it is to be understood that the detailed embodiments are merely exemplary of the disclosure that may be embodied in various and alternative forms. The figures are not necessarily to scale; some features may be exaggerated or minimized to show details of particular components. Therefore, specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are not to be interpreted as limiting, but merely as a representative basis for teaching one skilled in the art to variously employ the present disclosure.

[0044] Referring now to FIGS. 7A, 7B, 7C, 7D, 7E, and 8, a first embodiment of a dynamic controllable dog clutch (DCDC) 112 having a linear actuator with a dog clutch (“the disclosed linear actuator with dog clutch”) is shown. The DCDC 112 includes a pocket plate 113, a notch plate 116, and a linear actuator 114 having a translator 120 (shown in FIGS. 7B, 7D, 7E, and 8) and a stator 122 (shown in FIGS. 7A, 7B, and 8). The translator 120 is linearly movable between lateral (i.e., axial) positions and the stator 122 is fixed in position. The stator 122 actuates and latches the translator 120 in either on or off position.

[0045] Per the disclosed linear actuator with dog clutch, the pocket plate 113 and the notch plate 116 are axially facing, the pocket plate 113 includes a set of axially oriented pockets 115, the notch plate 116 includes a set of axially oriented notches 117, and the linear actuator 114 further includes a lug plate 121, a set of (e.g., three) locking elements (e.g., lugs) 123, and a set of (e.g., three) return springs 125. The translator 120 and the lug plate 121 are assembled to and rotate with the pocket plate 113, with the lug plate 121 being axially between the translator 120 and the pocket plate 113. The springs 125 are biased to move the lug plate 121 away from the pocket plate 113 and thereby move the locking elements 123 away from the notches 117 of the notch plate 116.

[0046] The translator 120 is movable toward the pocket plate 113 to an engaged (“on”) position of the DCDC 112 and away from the pocket plate 113 to a disengaged (“off”) position of the DCDC 112. The translator 120 in moving to the engaged position overcomes the force of the springs 125 and moves the lug plate 121 to be positioned adjacent to the pocket plate 113. In the engaged position, the locking elements 123 extend through the pockets 115 of the pocket plate 113 and engage the notches 117 of the notch plate 116, which allows the DCDC 112 to transmit torque. The translator 120 in moving to the disengaged position enables the springs 125 to move the lug plate 121 to be positioned away from the pocket plate 113. In the disengaged position, the locking elements 123 do not extend through the pockets 115 of the pocket plate 113 and thereby do not engage the notches 117 of the notch plate 116 (instead, the locking elements 123 extend into the pockets 115 but do not extend through the pockets 115 and into the notches 117 of the notch plate 116). With reference to FIG. 7B, the DCDC 112 having the disclosed linear actuator with dog clutch has no struts like the struts 26 of the prior art DCC 12 and no separating loads but does have the return springs 125. The DCDC 112 has three load carrying elements and has low force actuation at any speed. The engagement of the DCDC 112 is the same as the engagement of a solid plunger radial DCDC like the prior art DCC 12. The disengagement of the DCDC 112 is also the same as the disengagement of a solid plunger radial DCDC like the prior art DCC 12. The DCDC 112 has ratchet ability (functional safety) and low latching requirement.

[0047] Further information regarding the DCDC 112 having disclosed linear actuator with dog clutch includes the following. Garage shifts: radial DCDCs with solid plungers achieve this through the “spring” that the linear actuator provides; the translator can “stage” itself and fall into the lock position when ready. If the passive latch cross-over point is before locking element to notch plate first point of contact, it will drop into the notch when able. Clutch state sensing: an issue with a DCC using a customary linear actor is sensing when the clutch is ‘open’ vs ‘closed’; a sensor on the lug plate 121 directly tells the state of the clutch (there is not a time when the lug plate 121 is in the off position while the clutch is still holding torque).

[0048] Referring now to FIGS. 9A, 9B, 10A, and 10B, a second embodiment of a DCDC 212 having the disclosed linear actuator with dog clutch is shown. The DCDC 212 includes a pocket plate 213, a notch plate 216, and a linear actuator 214 having a translator 220 and a stator (not shown). The side view of the DCDC 212 shown in FIG. 9A illustrates the DCDC 212 in its engaged position. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 9A, each locking element 223 extends through a pocket 215 of the pocket plate 213 and engages a notch 217 of notch plate 216.

[0049] The notch plate 216 and the stator of the DCDC 212 are the same or similar to the notch plate 116 and the stator 122 of the DCDC 112. However, in the second embodiment, the translator 220 includes the set of locking elements 223 integrated thereon (i.e., locking elements 223 are directly attached to translator 220). Accordingly, the DCDC 212 does not include a lug plate, such as the lug plate 121, or return springs, such as the return springs 125. The translator 220 further includes connection tabs 227 integrated thereon. The pocket plate 213 further includes connection recesses 229. The connection tabs 227 of the translator 220 are engaged with respective connection recesses 229 of the pocket plate 213 to thereby connect the translator 220 and the pocket plate 213. Accordingly, the pocket plate 213 laterally moves in correspondence with lateral movement of the translator 220.

[0050] As described and illustrated, the DCDC 112 in the first embodiment, with reference to FIG. 7B, and the DCDC 212 in the second embodiment, with reference to FIG. 9B, each is a planar DCDC in which linear actuator meets dog clutch.

[0051] In the second embodiment, with reference to FIGS. 9A, 9B, 10A, and 10B, the DCDC 212 having the disclosed linear actuator with dog clutch has no springs like the springs 125 of the DCDC 112, no struts like the struts 26 of the prior art DCC 12, and no separating loads. Referring specifically to FIGS. 10A and 10B, an engaged side view and a disengaged side view of the DCDC 212 having the disclosed linear actuator with dog clutch are shown, respectively. The DCDC 212 has three load carrying elements and has low force actuation at any speed. The engagement of the DCDC 212 is the same as the engagement of a solid plunger radial DCDC like the prior art DCC 12. The disengagement of the DCDC 212 requires off command while torque reversal. The DCDC 212 has ratchet ability (functional safety) and low latching requirement.

[0052] Further information regarding the DCDC 212 having the disclosed linear actuator with dog clutch includes the following. Garage shifts: radial DCDCs with solid plungers achieve this through the “spring” that the linear actuator provides; the translator can “stage” itself and fall into the lock position when ready. If the passive latch cross-over point is before locking element to notch plate first point of contact, it will drop into the notch when able. Disengagements: the fire off single should be fired off during a torque reversal; linear actuators move very fast, so this should not be an issue; with 8.5 ms linear actuator travel time and 2° transitional backlash, the max acceleration during the torque reversal is 9227 rpm/sec. Clutch state sensing: an issue with a DCDC using a customary linear actuator is sensing when the clutch is ‘open’ vs ‘closed’; a sensor on the translator 220 directly tells the state of the clutch (there is not a time when the translator 220 is in the off position while the clutch is still holding torque).

[0053] Referring now to FIGS. 11A, 11B, and 11C, an engaged side view (FIG. 11A), a disengaged side view (FIG. 11B), and another engaged view (FIG. 11C) of a DCDC 312 having a linear actuator with dog clutch are shown. The DCDC 312 may further include a mechanical “push” spring between a pocket plate 313 and a lug plate 321 to aid in disengagement and/or a magnetic “pull” spring between a translator 320 and the lug plate 321 to aid in disengagement. The DCDC 312 also includes a notch plate 316 having notches 317.

[0054] Referring now to FIG. 12, with continual reference to FIGS. 11A, 11B, 11C, the lug plate 321 is shown, which includes three locking elements 323 that project axially from a face of the lug plate 321. The three locking elements 323 are integrally formed with the lug plate 321, at least in some implementations.

[0055] Referring now to FIGS. 13A, 13B, and 13C, an engaged side view (FIG. 13A), a disengaged side view (FIG. 13B), and another engaged view (FIG. 13C) of a DCDC 312′ having a linear actuator with dog clutch in accordance with a variation of the third embodiment are shown. In this variation, lug plate 321′ is the same as the lug plate 321 of the DCDC 312, except that the lug plate 321′ further includes an axially projecting hub 328, which may be cylindrical or frustoconical in shape. The hub 328 is radially sandwiched between the pocket plate 313 and the translator 320 as shown in each of the views of FIGS. 13A, 13B, and 13C.

[0056] Referring now to FIG. 14, with continual reference to FIGS. 13A, 13B, 13C, the lug plate 321′ is shown, which includes the axially projecting hub 328 and three locking elements 323 that project axially from a face of the lug plate 321′. The three locking elements 323 are integrally formed with the lug plate 321′, at least in some implementations.

[0057] Referring now to FIGS. 15-16, an exploded view of a dynamic controllable dog clutch (DCDC) 412 having a linear actuator with a dog clutch (“the disclosed linear actuator with dog clutch”) in accordance with a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. The DCDC 412 includes a pocket plate 413, a notch plate 416 having notches 417, a lug plate 421, locking elements 423, return springs 425, a linear actuator 414 having a translator 420 and a stator 422. The translator 420 includes a mechanical portion in the form of a guide collar 454 and an electrical portion in the form of an armature collar 456, and the translator 420 is linearly movable between lateral (i.e., axial) positions and the stator 422 is fixed in position. The stator 422 actuates and latches the translator 420 in either on or off position.

[0058] The guide collar 454 of the translator 420 includes a smaller diameter portion 455 that is carried radially within the armature collar 456 and a larger diameter portion 457 that has a larger diameter (i.e., larger radial extent) compared to the smaller diameter portion 455. The guide collar 454 is provided axially between the armature collar 456 and the lug plate 421 and the smaller diameter portion 455 is axially adjacent to the armature collar 456 and the larger diameter portion 457 is axially adjacent to the lug plate 421. A plurality of grooves 459 are defined by angled or chevron-shaped walls that extend radially inward from the larger diameter portion 457 and the smaller diameter portion 455. The lug plate 421 includes a plurality of slots 463 that have an opening provided within a first axially-facing surface of the lug plate 421. The slots 463 are each pentagonally shaped and, in particular, house-shaped pentagonal (i.e., a pentagon formed from a triangle with its hypotenuse on a side of a rectangle)—in the illustrated embodiment, a vertex of the pentagon is blunted flat. The slot 463 may be pentagonally-shaped completely therethrough or may change shape part way through the lug plate 421. The lug plate 421 also includes a plurality of guide posts or prongs 467 that are aligned with and configured to be received by the plurality of grooves 459 of the guide collar 454. The prongs 467 and grooves 459 may be correspondingly triangular-shaped or chevron-shaped in normal cross section. The plurality of grooves 459 may be spaced evenly about the common rotational axis and extend axially away from the second axially-facing surface of the lug plate 421. In the illustrated embodiment, there are six grooves 459, each of which engages one of the six prongs 467 of the lug plate 421. Of course, in other embodiments, another suitable number of grooves and prongs can be used. Also, in some embodiments, including in the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 15-16, the prongs 467 each correspond to a location at which one of the slots 463 is located. For example, an inner surface of each of the slots 463 constitutes or merges into an outer surface of a corresponding one of the prongs 467.

[0059] The locking elements 423 are separate pieces that are not formed as a part of a plate, such as being formed and integral with the lug plate 421 or the translator 420, but are separate components that are disposed between the lug plate 421 and the pocket plate 413. The locking elements 423 each includes a pocket plate engaging portion 469 that engages a corresponding slot 463 of the lug plate 421 at a first axial end and a lug plate engaging portion 471 that engages an axially-oriented pocket 415 of the pocket plate 413 at a second axial end. The pocket plate engaging portion 469 is axially-elongated in that it extends axially away from the lug plate engaging portion 471. The locking elements 423 each include two flanges or ears 473 that extend outward and perpendicularly from an outer side surface of the locking element 423. The flanges 473 are configured to be seated against corresponding shoulders within a corresponding slot 463 of the lug plate 421 to axially locate the locking elements 423 with respect to the lug plate 421. The lug plate engaging portion 471 also includes an axially-extended portion 475 that extends axially beyond the flanges 473 and into engagement with a slot in a hub extending axially away from a flange of the lug plate 421. A plurality of fasteners may be circumferentially aligned with the slots 463 of the lug plate 421 and may extend radially through the flange of the lug plate 421 and into engagement with radially outer portions of the locking elements 423 to retain the locking elements 423 to the lug plate 421.

[0060] In the engaged position, the locking elements 423 extend through the axially-oriented pockets 415 and into the notches 417 of the notch plate 416. The axially-oriented pockets 415 of the pocket plate 413 are each radially oblong slots or passages that extend axially though the pocket plate 413. The radially oblong shape of the pockets 415 corresponds to the cross-sectional shape of the pocket plate engaging portion 469. The notches 417 of the notch plate 416 are similarly shaped—i.e., are radially oblong. As shown in the illustrated embodiment, there may be a fair number of notches 417 (e.g., 18 notches as shown in FIG. 16); however, any suitable number may be used. The return springs 425 are disposed between the lug plate 421 and the pocket plate 413 and are configured so as to force the lug plate 421 away from the pocket plate 413. The depicted embodiment includes three return springs 425, however, any suitable number may be used. The return springs 425 are each associated with a corresponding recess that is disposed within an axial face of the lug plate 421 that faces the pocket plate 413. The pockets 415 and notches 417 in the pocket plate and notch plate are configured to ensure that the springs 425 do not fly out due to centrifugal forces while the plates 413, 416 rotate. The pockets 415 and notches 417 are also configured to allow for reduction of axial space when compared to using posts instead of recesses to retain the return springs 425. Preferably, the springs 425 should not be compressed to solid height, which may also dictate design of the plates 413, 416.

[0061] In embodiments, the translator 120,220,320,420 is actuated to engage the clutch to hold torque in some manner. For example, with reference to FIGS. 10A and 10B, the translator 220 is actuated to the left. Current is supplied to the stator 122 (not shown in the second or third embodiments) which actuates the translator 120,220,320,420 to the left. If tooth-butt exists (i.e., if the locking member 123,223,323,423 cannot fall into a notch 117,217,317,417 of the notch plate 116,216,316,416), then the passive latch from the linear actuator 114,214,314,414 is strong enough to provide rest of the translator 120,220,320,420 travel to ensure full depth engagement.

[0062] Firing off which would disengage the clutch is slightly different for different embodiments. For example, with respect to the DCDC 112, firing off occurs by supplying current to the stator 122 which would actuate the translator 120 to the right regardless if the clutch was holding torque or not. When the clutch releases torque, the return springs 125 between the translator 120 and the lug plate 121 would push the translator 120 to the disengaged position. And, with respect to the DCDC 212, firing off occurs by supplying current to the stator during a torque reversal since this design cannot disengage while holding torque. It is noted that the linear actuator 214 used for this clutch offers a spring force between the translator 220 and the stator, and embodiments of the present disclosure utilize that to fire in the on direction.

[0063] Referring now to FIGS. 17A, 17B, and 17C, side views of the DCDC 312 being moved from the disengaged position to the engaged position are shown. The DCDC 312 begins in a disengaged position. Current is supplied to the stator which actuates the translator 320 to the left. If in a tooth-butt state (FIG. 17B), then the linear actuator 314 provides the required spring force to actuate the translator 320 the rest of the way to an engaged state without the use of current.

[0064] Referring now to FIGS. 18A, 18B, and 18C, side views of the DCDC 312 being moved from the engaged position to the disengaged position are shown. The DCDC 312 begins in an engaged position (FIG. 18A). Current is supplied to the stator which actuates the translator 320 to the right. If holding torque (FIG. 18B), then the springs 325 provide the required force to actuate the translator 320 the rest of the way to a disengaged position 3 without the use of current.

[0065] Referring now to FIG. 19, three different views of the DCDC 112 for each of four different states of the DCDC 112 are shown. As indicated in the text associated with FIG. 19, the four different states of the DCDC 112 include: state #1—Latch Off, Clutch Disengaged; state #2—Latch On, Clutch in Tooth-Butt Able to Engage with Clutch Rotation; State #3—Latch On, Clutch Engaged; and State #4—Latch Off, Clutch Engaged Due to Torque Lock, Able to Disengage with Clutch Rotation.

[0066] Finally, the subject matter of this application is presently disclosed in conjunction with several explicit illustrative embodiments and modifications to those embodiments, using various terms. All terms used herein are intended to be merely descriptive, rather than necessarily limiting, and are to be interpreted and construed in accordance with their ordinary and customary meaning in the art, unless used in a context that requires a different interpretation. And for the sake of expedience, each explicit illustrative embodiment and modification is hereby incorporated by reference into one or more of the other explicit illustrative embodiments and modifications. As such, many other embodiments, modifications, and equivalents thereto, either exist now or are yet to be discovered and, thus, it is neither intended nor possible to presently describe all such subject matter, which will readily be suggested to persons of ordinary skill in the art in view of the present disclosure. Rather, the present disclosure is intended to embrace all such embodiments and modifications of the subject matter of this application, and equivalents thereto, as fall within the broad scope of the accompanying claims.