MICROWAVEABLE PACKAGED FOOD PRODUCT

Abstract

A package containing nuts and suitable for microwave heating is described herein. The package is configured to heat the nuts and provide an aroma reminiscent of traditional, freshly-roasted nuts. The freshly-roasted nut attributes include an aroma, temperature, texture and taste, which are reproduced with the microwave package. The package preferably, though not necessarily, incorporates one or more susceptors in order to provide additional heating, such as conductive heating, to the nuts. The package also preferably includes a sufficient headspace to allow for the aromas to develop.

Claims

1-18. (canceled)

19. A packaged food product, comprising: a flexible film forming a pouch having an interior cavity formed by a first end seal and a second end seal with a longitudinal fin seal extending therebetween, the flexible film pouch being substantially hermetically sealed in a closed configuration; at least one susceptor disposed on a majority of an interior surface of the flexible film pouch without contacting the first end seal, the second end seal, or the fin seal; about 0.75 oz. to about 2.00 oz. pasteurized or at least partially roasted shelled nuts disposed within the interior cavity of the flexible film pouch, the shelled nuts having been pasteurized or at least partially roasted prior to being disposed within the flexible film pouch; a coating on the shelled nuts being one of: a sweet glaze on the shelled nuts, wherein the sweet glaze and the shelled nuts have a combined moisture level within the range of 1.0% to 1.6%; or a savory coating on the shelled nuts, wherein the savory coating and the shelled nuts have a combined moisture level within the range of 1.5% to 2.6%; wherein the packaged food product is configured and arranged to be heated in a microwave oven in the closed configuration to roast the shelled nuts to a temperature of about 120° F. to about 260° F.; and wherein the coating and the at least one susceptor are configured and arranged to moderate heating of the shelled nuts by absorbing and/or reflecting microwave energy thereby reducing an amount of microwave energy absorbed by the shelled nuts and increasing homogeneity of heating the shelled nuts.

20. The packaged food product of claim 19, wherein the flexible film is a multilayered film including a barrier material configured and arranged to limit migration of aroma components through the flexible film during storage and during microwave heating.

21. The packaged food product of claim 20, wherein the barrier material is selected from the group consisting of EVOH, AlO.sub.x, and SiO.sub.x.

22. The packaged food product of claim 19, wherein the first end seal, the second end seal, and the fin seal are configured and arranged to remain sealed and not rupture during microwave heating.

23. The packaged food product of claim 19, wherein a volume of shelled nuts is less than 75% of a total internal package volume, and wherein a volume of oxygen is less than 2% within the interior cavity of the flexible film pouch, further comprising a headspace within the interior cavity between the shelled nuts and the flexible film configured and arranged to allow aroma to develop during microwave heating.

24. The packaged food product of claim 19, wherein the coating is 1 mm to 3 mm thick on each of the shelled nuts.

25. The packaged food product of claim 19, wherein the flexible film includes a bottom wall portion and a top wall portion interconnected by the first end seal and the second end seal, the fin seal extending between the first end seal and the second end seal on the top wall portion, and wherein the at least one susceptor includes a first discrete susceptor on the bottom wall portion and a second discrete susceptor on the top wall portion.

26. The packaged food product of claim 19, further comprising nut flavorings comprising at least one of salt, black pepper, cinnamon, honey, sugar, peanut oil, caramel, and coconut.

27. The packaged food product of claim 19, wherein the sweet glaze or the savory coating is adapted to absorb and/or reflect microwave energy during exposure of the packaged food product thereto and be permeable to a portion of the microwave energy.

28. The packaged food product of claim 19, wherein the shelled nuts are pasteurized with a moisture level decreased by 15% to 25% during pasteurization.

29. The packaged food product of claim 19, wherein the shelled nuts are at least partially roasted having a moisture level between about 1.1% to about 1.4% due to the at least partial roasting.

30. The packaged food product of claim 19, wherein the shelled nuts are caramel peanuts having about a 64-fold increase in ethyl-pyrazine aroma compounds, about a 53-fold increase in furfural aroma compounds, and about a 21-fold increase in diacetyl aroma compounds after microwave heating.

31. The packaged food product of claim 19, wherein the shelled nuts are cinnamon almonds having about a 31-fold increase in ethyl-pyrazine aroma compounds, about a 144-fold increase in furfural aroma compounds, and about a 50-fold increase in diacetyl aroma compounds after microwave heating.

32. The packaged food product of claim 19, wherein the shelled nuts are coconut cashews having about a 54-fold increase in ethyl-pyrazine aroma compounds, about a 155-fold increase in furfural aroma compounds, and about an 93-fold increase in diacetyl aroma compounds after microwave heating.

33. The packaged food product of claim 19, wherein the food product includes 20% to 40% sugar.

34. A packaged food product, comprising: a flexible film forming a pouch having an interior cavity formed by a bottom wall portion and a top wall portion, the bottom wall portion and the top wall portion being interconnected by a first end seal and a second end seal, a longitudinal fin seal extends between the first end seal and the second end seal on the top wall portion, the flexible film pouch including a barrier the flexible film pouch being substantially hermetically sealed in a closed configuration; at least one susceptor disposed on a majority of an interior surface of the flexible film pouch on the bottom wall portion and the top wall portion without contacting the first end seal, the second end seal, or the fin seal; about 0.75 oz. to about 2.00 oz. pasteurized or at least partially roasted shelled nuts disposed within the interior cavity of the flexible film pouch, the shelled nuts having been pasteurized or at least partially roasted prior to being disposed within the flexible film pouch; a coating on the shelled nuts being one of: a sweet glaze on the shelled nuts, wherein the sweet glaze and the shelled nuts have a combined moisture level within the range of 1.0% to 1.6%; or a savory coating on the shelled nuts, wherein the savory coating and the shelled nuts have a combined moisture level within the range of 1.5% to 2.6%; a headspace between the shelled nuts and the flexible film; wherein the packaged food product is configured and arranged to be heated in a microwave oven in the closed configuration to roast the shelled nuts to a temperature of about 120° F. to about 260° F., and wherein the first end seal, the second end seal, and the fin seal are configured and arranged to remain sealed and not rupture during microwave heating; and wherein the coating and the at least one susceptor are configured and arranged to moderate heating of the shelled nuts by absorbing and/or reflecting microwave energy thereby reducing an amount of microwave energy absorbed by the shelled nuts and increasing homogeneity of heating the shelled nuts.

35. The packaged food product of claim 34, wherein the flexible film is a multilayered film including a barrier material configured and arranged to limit migration of aroma components through the flexible film during storage and during microwave heating.

36. The packaged food product of claim 34, wherein a volume of shelled nuts is less than 75% of a total internal package volume, wherein a volume of oxygen is less than 2% within the interior cavity of the flexible film pouch, and wherein the shelled nuts and the headspace are configured and arranged to allow aroma to develop during microwave heating.

37. The packaged food product of claim 34, wherein the sweet glaze or the savory coating is adapted to absorb and/or reflect microwave energy and be permeable to a portion of the microwave energy during exposure of the packaged food product thereto.

38. The packaged food product of claim 34, wherein the shelled nuts are pasteurized with a moisture level decreased by 15% to 25% during pasteurization.

39. The packaged food product of claim 34, wherein the shelled nuts are at least partially roasted having a moisture level between about 1.1% to about 1.4% due to the at least partial roasting.

40. The packaged food product of claim 34, wherein the food product includes 20% to 40% sugar.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] FIG. 1 is a front perspective view of a first embodiment of a microwave susceptor package containing unshelled nuts, showing a pair of end seals and a fin seal configured to form a top panel and a bottom panel;

[0022] FIG. 2 is a plan view of a segment of a susceptor material disposed on one of the panels of the package of FIG. 1;

[0023] FIG. 3 is a front perspective view of a second embodiment of a bottom-gusseted, standup microwave susceptor package containing unshelled nuts, showing a pair of side seals, a top portion having been removed, and showing a food product comprising shelled nuts following microwave heating;

[0024] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a process for providing a heated food product, including placing a packaged food product in a microwave oven, heating the packaged food product, then removing a portion of the package to serve the food product;

[0025] FIG. 5 is a front elevation view of a packaged food product in accordance with FIG. 3, empty and prior to removal of the top of the package, showing a peripheral seal area along the top and sides of the package;

[0026] FIG. 6 is a plan view of a web of film showing sealing areas and cut lines for use in forming the package of FIG. 5;

[0027] FIG. 7 is a plan view of a first alternative web of film showing sealing areas and cut lines for use in forming the package of FIG. 5, similar to that of FIG. 6 but showing a susceptor added to the interior of what will be one of the panels of the package;

[0028] FIG. 8 is a plan view of a second alternative web of film showing sealing areas and cut lines for use in forming the package of FIG. 5, similar to that of FIG. 6 but showing susceptors added to the interior of what will be both panels of the package;

[0029] FIG. 9 is a plan view of a third alternative web of film showing sealing areas and cut lines for use in forming the package of FIG. 5, similar to that of FIG. 6 but showing one or more susceptors added to the interior of what will be one of the panels of the package;

[0030] FIG. 10 is a graph showing comparative magnitudes of selected aroma components associated with shelled mixed nuts at room temperature, and after warming with and without a susceptor;

[0031] FIG. 11 is a table showing comparative magnitudes of selected aroma components associated with individual varieties of shelled nuts at room temperature and after warming with a susceptor; and

[0032] FIGS. 12-15 illustrate examples of raw data generated using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy to measure aroma components.

[0033] FIG. 16 provides numerical data that is illustrated graphically in FIG. 10.

[0034] FIG. 17 is a table showing comparative magnitudes of selected aroma components associated with individual varieties of shelled nuts at room temperature and after warming with a susceptor.

[0035] FIG. 18 is a side elevational sectional view of the packaged food product of FIG. 1.

[0036] FIG. 19 is an end sectional view of the packaged food product of FIG. 1.

[0037] FIG. 20 is a side view of a packaged food product in accordance with FIG. 3.

[0038] FIG. 21 is a front view of the packaged food product in accordance with FIG. 3.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] Packaged food products suitable for microwave heating are described herein, including with reference to FIGS. 1-21.

[0040] In one embodiment, a packaged food product, shown in FIGS. 1, 18 and 19, has a low profile and is configured to be microwaved on its side, i.e., in a generally horizontal position such that its length and width are greater than its height. In this embodiment, the packaged food product includes a pouch or package 10 that includes an uninterrupted, continuous bottom wall 22, pair of end seals 12, 14 and a top wall 16 having a fin seal 18 extending longitudinally thereof. In some embodiments, the package 10 may be made in a high-speed, high volume automated form-fill-seal operation in which a web of film is formed into a tube, with edges brought together to form the longitudinal fin seal, and with the transverse end seals formed at predetermined spacing before and after loading of product and gas flushing, and with the packages being separated from one another by cuts through the end seals. The interior of the package optionally includes one or more susceptors 20. For example, a grid-like susceptor material, shown in FIG. 2, can be provided on one or both sides, i.e., on one or both of the top and bottom of the package so as to be positioned above, below, or both above and below the food product during heating. In some embodiments, the package contains a large number of discrete food items, e.g., a mixture of shelled nuts, such as almonds, cashews and peanuts. In some embodiments, the food items may be arranged in a single layer or primarily in a single layer, with all or most of the discrete food items being in contact with or at least in close proximity to the bottom of the package during heating. In these embodiments, most or all of the food items may also be in contact with, or at least in close proximity to, the top of the package as well, at least initially during microwave heating. As microwave heating progresses, expansion of the pouch may lift the top surface and an associated susceptor from the food items, which may have a self-regulating effect on the heating operation to reduce or avoid overheating and/or or scorching due to variations in microwave energy, heating time or other parameters. Expansion of the pouch may also result in the edges of the bottom wall being raised from the floor of the microwave oven, and may change the arrangement of some or all of the food items from a single-layer configuration to a multiple-layer configuration in which some of the food items to overlie others, which may also have a self-regulating effect on the heating operation to help reduce or avoid overheating and/or scorching.

[0041] In a second embodiment, shown in FIGS. 3, 5, 20 and 21, a packaged food product includes a package or pouch 24 that is configured to stand up during and/or following microwave heating. The pouch 24 can include a pair of side seals 26, a top seal 28 and a bottom 30, shown schematically in FIG. 5. A top portion of the pouch, which encompasses the top seal, is configured for removal. The pouch is shown after removal of the top portion in FIG. 3.

[0042] As shown in the schematic diagram of FIG. 4, in some embodiments, a packaged food product such as either of the above-described packaged food products can be inserted into a microwave oven, heated using microwave energy, then removed from the microwave oven, after which a portion of the package may be removed, separated or otherwise opened to provide access to the contents.

[0043] In some embodiments including but not limited to those described above, the pouch can be formed from a web of film 36, various examples of which are shown in FIGS. 6-9. The web of film can be folded so that regions 38 and 40 form the front and rear of the package, with seals 42 and 44 being formed on the sides and top. In some embodiments, the bottom can comprise a single fold along line 46. Alternatively, a gusseted bottom may be provided. A web of film can be configured without a susceptor, as shown in FIG. 6, or with one or more susceptors 48 added prior to singulating the package from the web of film, as shown in FIGS. 7-9. For example, a single susceptor 48 can be attached to the web of film in an area that will be an interior surface of one of the front or rear walls of the package, as shown in FIG. 7. Alternatively, a pair of susceptor surfaces can be provided on the web of film in areas that will be interior surfaces of the front and rear walls of the package, as shown in FIG. 8. In another alternative, multiple types of susceptors may be incorporated on a single panel, as shown in FIG. 9, or on other panels, to provide increased localized conductive heat transfer in a particular region of a susceptor. Optionally, the susceptor surfaces can be positioned closer to the bottom of the package than the top such that they will be adjacent the food product near the bottom of the package during microwave heating.

[0044] Aroma is created during microwave heating due to a combination of the product and the packaging, and is released upon opening of the package following microwave heating, and/or through a vent during heating. The aroma from the product can be generated not only by the nuts but also by additional ingredients. Liquid coatings, dry seasonings and/or other ingredients may include heat stable components that are added to nuts prior to packaging and provide aroma upon opening of the package following microwave heating. In addition to a dry seasoning or coating, a liquid seasoning can optionally be added to the nuts either before or after the application of a dry seasoning to increase the amount of volatile components released during microwave heating. One option is to also or instead add aroma-contributing compounds to the packaging material, such as by spraying the compounds on one or more interior surfaces of the package, such as in the headspace, after depositing the nuts and prior to sealing.

[0045] The blend of sizes of particulates in the coating as well as the physical characteristics, such as high melting temperatures, can help to moderate heating of nuts by absorbing or reflecting microwave energy and/or by shielding shelled nuts from microwave energy. This can advantageously reduce the amount of microwave energy that is absorbed by the interior and surface of the nut, thereby leading to increased homogeneity of the heating among the nuts and allowing the product to achieve an overall higher temperature without overheating individual areas of the nuts. Certain coatings may tend to increase susceptor temperature by reflecting microwave energy that would otherwise be absorbed by shelled nuts or other edible substrates to which the coatings are applied. This can help to provide desirable organoleptic properties such as crunchiness of the coatings and underlying shelled nuts, while avoiding undesirable organoleptic properties such as undesirable softness of the shelled nuts. Other coatings may tend to decrease susceptor temperature by absorbing microwave energy.

[0046] In some embodiments, low-moisture sugar-based coatings or other low-moisture coatings may be preferable to higher moisture coatings including those based on corn syrup from the standpoint that coatings based on corn syrup may tend to flow more easily when heated to temperatures of, e.g., 215° or 230° F., with portions of the coatings undesirably liquefying and running off the underlying food items when heated rather than remaining adhered thereto. Specific flavor notes that may be provided by the food products and/or coatings include but are not limited to sweet, savory, and salty flavor notes, and combinations thereof. Specific flavors for food products and/or coatings may include but are not limited to, e.g., salted caramel, cinnamon almond, and sweet roasted cashew flavors. Examples of specific product formulas that may be used in some embodiments are provided below.

TABLE-US-00001 Seasoned Cashew Ingredient Range (%) Cashew  92-98  Peanut oil 0.5-2.5 Powdered seasoning   2-6  

TABLE-US-00002 Sea Salt Nut Blend Ingredient Range (%) Almond 30-50 Cashew 24-44 Peanut 16-36

TABLE-US-00003 Sea Salt Almond Ingredient Range (%) Almond  94-99 Peanut oil 0.5-3  Salt 0.5-3 

TABLE-US-00004 Coconut Cashew Ingredient Range (%) Cashews   60-85 Sugar   20-40 Coconut    2-5  Corn syrup  2.5-5  Butter   1-2  Salt  0.5-2  Flavor 0.05-.2 

TABLE-US-00005 Salted Caramel Peanut Ingredient Range (%) Peanuts   60-85   Sugar   20-40   Salt  0.5-2    Caramel seasoning 0.25-0.75

TABLE-US-00006 Cinnamon Almond Ingredient Range (%) Almonds  55-85 Sugar  20-40 Salt 0.5-2  Cinnamon 0.5-3 

[0047] In some embodiments, thicker coatings can contribute to increased cooking homogeneity. In some embodiments, coatings may have a thickness of about 1 to 3 mm, and in some cases may have an average thickness of about 1 mm.

[0048] The packaging can contribute to the aroma by providing suitable barrier layers and a headspace for the aroma to accumulate. For example, the pouch can be a multilayered structure that contains a barrier material, such as EVOH (ethylene vinyl alcohol), AlO.sub.x (aluminum oxide) or SiO.sub.x (silicon oxide), that limits the migration of aroma components through the package during both shelf life and microwave heating. The barrier material can be provided either as part of the pouch or in outer packaging that is removed prior to microwave heating. The package is preferably sealed during microwave heating so that volatile compounds that provide the aroma do not leave the package until opened. It can be desirable to optimize the headspace in the package in order to enable a more concentrated aroma while also ensuring space for the aroma to develop.

[0049] The temperatures achieved during microwave heating contribute to the aroma as well as to heating of the nuts. One way to use temperatures during microwave heating to contribute to aroma is to design the coating and dry seasoning ingredients to maximize their dielectric properties when applied to a nut to enable more quick and homogenous heating. Another way to use temperatures during microwave heating to contribute to aroma is to add one or more susceptors within the package to enable localized, conductive heating with the package. The susceptor can be disposed and/or more concentrated in an area of the package most likely to contain the nuts, e.g., the bottom portion in a stand-up package.

[0050] In one example, the package contains about 1 to 1.5 ounces of either cashews, almonds or shelled peanuts, or combinations thereof. The package can include a susceptor to optimize heating of the nuts during microwave heating. The package can optionally be gas-flushed. The package can be heated in a microwave for between 30 and 60 seconds, for example.

[0051] In some embodiments, strategically-configured susceptors are provided in a configuration that enables localized heating of certain portions of the mixed nuts to a higher temperature that enhances the aroma characteristics of the product without unacceptably overheating the shelled nuts, optionally in combination with one or more coatings that may provide quantitative and qualitative aroma enhancements. Coatings may also enable positive or negative variation of the shelled nuts' thermal response to microwave heating.

[0052] The aroma data in FIGS. 10 and 11 were compiled by exposing shelled nuts to microwave energy with and without susceptors, and using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy to quantify increases in particular aroma components as a result of use of a particular susceptor configuration.

[0053] FIGS. 11 and 17 show data from shelled nuts, some including flavor treatments, measured at room temperature and after microwave heating with a susceptor in a package as described above. FIG. 11 shows, for example, that microwave warming of almonds resulted in about a two-fold increase in an ethyl-pyrazine aroma component, which is associated with a “roasted” or “nutty” aroma, an eighteen-fold increase in a diacetyl aroma component, which is associated with a “buttery” aroma, and a relatively small increase in furfural (caramel) aroma. FIG. 17 provides additional data for the same microwave warming, showing that it resulted in a two-fold increase of methyl pyrazine (roasted) aroma.

[0054] In some embodiments, microwave heating of a 1 oz. package of cinnamon almonds, i.e. almonds with a cinnamon coating as described above, according to instructions provided on packaging as described above, may desirably result in a significant increase of aroma components in the headspace, e.g., an increase in furfural aroma by a factor of 100 to 200, or more specifically a factor of 120 to 170, or a factor of about 144; an increase in ethyl pyrazine aroma by a factor of 10 to 50, or more specifically, a factor of about 31; an increase in methyl pyrazine by a factor of 15 to 100, or by a factor of about 50 to 60, or by a factor of about 56; and an increase in diacetyl aroma by a factor of 5 to 200, a factor of 40 to 60, or a factor of about 50. (See FIGS. 11 and 17.)

[0055] In some embodiments, microwave heating of a 1 oz. package of cashews according to instructions provided on the packaging as described above may desirably result in a significant increase of aroma components in the headspace, e.g., an increase in furfural aroma by a factor of 100 to 250, or more specifically a factor of 150 to 200, or a factor of about 167; an increase in ethyl pyrazine aroma by a factor of 50 to 200, or more specifically, a factor of 100 to 150, or a factor of about 125; an increase in methyl pyrazine by a factor of 25 to 80, or by a factor of about 50 to 60, or by a factor of about 56; and an increase in diacetyl aroma by a factor of 200 to 400, a factor of 250 to 350, or a factor of about 289. (See FIGS. 11 and 17.)

[0056] FIGS. 10 and 16 illustrates differences in aroma values that result from using a particular susceptor package or a non-susceptor package in microwave heating of mixed nuts.

[0057] The data in FIGS. 10, 11, 16 and 17 correspond to desirable aroma properties of packaged food products described herein, and such packaged food products in some embodiments may enable consumers to achieve increases in various key aroma components similar to those described herein, e.g., within 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% or 50% of the values in FIGS. 10, 11, 16 and 17, while also providing other desirable organoleptic properties, without scorching or generation of undesirable aromas.

[0058] Examples of raw data generated using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy to measure selected individual aroma components are provided in FIGS. 12-15. The areas under the plots shown in FIGS. 12-15 is the “Peak Area” represented by the y-axis in FIG. 10.

[0059] Data shown in FIGS. 12-15 was gathered by collecting gases from within pouches containing a mixture of shelled nuts, specifically almonds, cashews and peanuts, on thermal desorption tubes before and after microwaving with and without susceptors. Sampling was performed using adhesive septas (Illinois Instrument PPL-193456). Headspace samples were collected for 2 min using a vacuum pump pulling 50 mL/min (FIG. 1). Gas displaced was replaced using food grade nitrogen.

[0060] The following additional equipment was used in sampling and analysis:

Agilent Technologies 5975 Mass Spectrometer

Agilent Technologies 6890N Network GC System

Gerstel TDS3 Thermal Desorption System

Gerstel TDSA Thermodesorption Autosampler

Envirochem Multiple Tube Conditioner

[0061] Thermal Desorption tubes; 3.8 mm Tenax-TA, 2.0 mm Carboxen 1003

[0062] Additional information on equipment and parameters used is set forth below:

[0063] GC-MS Parameters:

[0064] Oven

Equilibration time: 1.00 min
Maximum temp: 250 C
Initial temp: 35 C (On)
Initial time: 4.00 min

[0065] Ramps:

TABLE-US-00007 # Rate Final Temperature Final Time 1 3.00  82 0.00 2 6.00 210 10.00 3 0 (off)
Post temp: 240 C
Post time: 5.00 min
Run time: 51.00 min

Column: Agilent VF-WAX P/N CP9295

[0066] Back Inlet (CIS4)

Mode: Solvent Vent

[0067] Initial temp: 0 C (Off)

Pressure: 8.8 psi (On)

[0068] Vent time: 0.00 min
Vent flow: 50.0 mL/min

Vent Pressure: 8.8 psi

[0069] Purge flow: 50.0 mL/min
Purge time: 2.00 min
Total flow: 54.0 mL/min
Gas saver: Off
Gas type: Helium

[0070] Thermal AUX 2

Initial temp: 240 C (On)

[0071] Gerstel Maestro

[0072] System Settings

Maestro Runtime: 55.99 min

GC Cool Down Time: 8.00 min

Cryo Timeout: 25.00 min