COMPOSITIONS

Abstract

A composition comprising trifluoroiodomethane (CF.sub.3I) and 1,1-difluoroethylene (R-1132a) is described. The composition can also comprise additional compounds, such as at least one non-flammable compound selected from the group consisting of carbon dioxide (CO2; R-744), tetrafluoromethane (R-14), trifluoromethane (R-23) and perfluoroethane (R-116) or at least one additional compound of lower volatility than 1,1-difluoroethylene selected from the group consisting of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene (R-1123), difluoromethane (R-32), propane (R-290), propylene (R-1270), fluoroethane (R-161), pentafluoroethane (R-125), 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a), 2,3,3,3-tetrafluopropene (R-1234yf), isobutane (R-600a), n-butane (R-600), trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluopropene (R-1234ze(E)), 3,3,3-trifluoropropene (R-1243zf), 1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene (R-1225ye), 1, 1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane (R-227ea), 1,1- difluoroethane (R-152a), cis-1,3,3,3-tetrafluopropene (R-1234ze(Z)), 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (R-1233zd(E/Z)) and 1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene (R-1336mzz(E/Z)). The compositions have utility as refrigerants in vapour compression heat transfer systems.

Claims

1. A composition comprising trifluoroiodomethane (CF.sub.3I) and 1,1-difluoroethylene (R-1132a), preferably a binary composition of CF.sub.3I and R-1132a.

2. The composition of claim 1 which comprises from 1 to 95 weight % of CF.sub.3I and from 99 to 5 weight % of R-1132a, preferably from 1 to 50 weight % of CF.sub.3I and from 99 to 50 weight %, of R-1132a, based on the total weight of the composition.

3. The composition of claim 2 which comprises from 1 to 40 weight % of CF.sub.3I and from 99 to 60 weight % of R-1132a , preferably from 1 to 30 weight % of CF.sub.3I and from 99 to 70 weight % of 1 R-1132a and particularly from 1 to 20 weight % of CF.sub.3I and from 99 to 80 weight % of R-1132a, based on the total weight of the composition.

4. The composition of claim 1 which comprises from 99 to 70 weight % of CF.sub.3I and from 1 to 30 weight % of R-1132a, preferably from 99 to 80 weight % of CF.sub.3I and from 1 to 20 weight % of R-1132a, for example from 97 to 85 weight % of CF.sub.3I and from 3 to 15 weight % of R-1132a, based on the total weight of the composition.

5. The composition of claim 1 which is non-flammable or only weakly flammable as determined by the test method of ASHRAE Standard 34:2016.

6. A ternary or higher composition comprising trifluoroiodomethane (CF.sub.3I), 1,1-difluoroethylene (R-1132a) and at least one additional compound selected from the group consisting of carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2; R-744), tetrafluoromethane (R-14), trifluoromethane (R-23) and perfluoroethane (R-116).

7. The composition of claim 6 which comprises from 1 to 95 weight % (preferably from 1 to 50 weight %) of CF.sub.3I and from 99 to 5 weight % (from 99 to 50 weight %) of R-1132a and the at least one additional compound selected from the group consisting of CO.sub.2, R-14, R-23 and R-116 based on the total weight of the composition.

8. The composition of claim 7 which comprises from 1 to 40 weight % of CF.sub.3I and from 99 to 60 weight % of R-1132a and the at least one additional compound selected from the group consisting of CO.sub.2, R-14, R-23 and R-116, preferably from 1 to 30 weight % of CF.sub.3I and from 99 to 70 weight % of R-1132a and the at least one additional compound and particularly from 1 to 20 weight % of CF.sub.3I and from 99 to 80 weight % of R-1132a and the at least one additional compound based on the total weight of the composition.

9. The composition of claim 6 which comprises from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I and from about 1 to about 40 weight % CO.sub.2 based on the total weight of the composition, optionally wherein the CO.sub.2 is present in an amount of from about 1 to about 30 weight %, preferably from about 1 to about 20 weight %, such as from about 1 to about 10 weight %.

10. The composition of claim 6, wherein the amount of the at least one additional compound selected from the group consisting of CO.sub.2, R-14, R-23 and R-116 in the composition is selected so that (i) the composition is only weakly flammable and preferably non-flammable as determined by the test method of ASHRAE Standard 34:2016; or (ii) the overall composition is held at two phase equilibrium the vapour phase composition will remain non-flammable as determined by the test method of ASHRAE Standard 34:2016.

11. A ternary or higher composition comprising trifluoroiodomethane (CF.sub.3I), 1,1-difluoroethylene (R-1132a), and at least one additional compound of lower volatility than 1,1-difluoroethylene selected from the group consisting of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene (R-1123), difluoromethane (R-32), propane (R-290), propylene (R-1270), fluoroethane (R-161), pentafluoroethane (R-125), 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a), 2,3,3,3-tetrafluopropene (R-1234yf), isobutane (R-600a), n-butane (R-600), trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluopropene (R-1234ze(E)), 3,3,3-trifluoropropene (R-1243zf), 1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene (R-1225ye), 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane (R-227ea), 1,1-difluoroethane (R-152a), cis-1,3,3,3-tetrafluopropene (R-1234ze(Z)), 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (R-1233zd(E/Z)) and 1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene (R-1336mzz(E/Z)).

12. The composition of claim 11 which comprises from 1 to 95 weight % (preferably from 1 to 50 weight %) of CF.sub.3I and from 99 to 5 weight % (preferably from 99 to 50 weight %) of R-1132a and the at least one additional compound of lower volatility than R-1132a.

13. The composition of claim 11 which comprises from 1 to 40 weight % of CF.sub.3I and from 99 to 60 weight % of R-1132a and the at least one additional compound of lower volatility than R-1132a, preferably from 1 to 30 weight % of CF.sub.3I and from 99 to 70 weight % of R-1132a and the at least one additional compound of lower volatility than R-1132a and particularly from 1 to 20 weight % of CF.sub.3I and from 99 to 80 weight % of 1 R-1132a and the at least one additional compound of lower volatility than R-1132a, based on the total weight of the composition.

14. The composition of claim 11 wherein the R-1132a is present in an amount of from about 1 to about 40 weight %, preferably from about 1 to about 30 weight %, such as from about 1 to about 20 weight %, for example from about 1 to about 10 weight %, based on the total weight of the composition.

15. The composition of claim 11 wherein the CF.sub.3I is present in an amount of from about 1 to about 70 weight %, preferably from about 1 to about 60 weight %, such as from about 1 to about 50 or 40 weight %, for example from about 1 to about 30 weight %, based on the total weight of the composition.

16. The composition of claim 11 wherein the composition comprises: from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I and from about 1 to about 30 weight % R-1123; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 70 weight % CF.sub.3I and from about 1 to about 50 weight % R-32; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I and from about 1 to about 20 weight %, preferably from about 1 to about 10 weight %, such as from about 1 to about 5 weight % R-290; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I and from about 1 to about 20 weight % R-125; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I and from about 1 to about 20 weight %, preferably from about 1 to about 10 weight %, such as from about 1 to about 5 weight % R-1270; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I and from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-134a; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I and from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1234yf; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I and from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1234ze(E); from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I and from about 1 to about 20 weight % R-227ea; or from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I and from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-152a.

17. The composition of claim 11 wherein the composition further comprises carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2; R-744), optionally wherein the CO.sub.2 is present in an amount of from about 1 to about 40 weight %, preferably from about 1 to about 30 weight %, such as from about 1 to about 20 weight %, for example from about 1 to about 10 weight %, based on the total weight of the composition.

18. The composition of claim 17 wherein the composition comprises: from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I, and from about 1 to about 40 weight % CO.sub.2; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I, from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1123 and from about 1 to about 40 weight % CO.sub.2; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 70 weight % CF.sub.3I, from about 1 to about 50 weight % R-32 and from about 1 to about 40 weight % CO.sub.2; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I, from about 1 to about 20 weight %, preferably from about 1 to about 10 weight %, such as from about 1 to about 5 weight % R-290 and from about 1 to about 40 weight % CO.sub.2; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I, from about 1 to about 20 weight % R-125 and from about 1 to about 40 weight % CO.sub.2; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I, from about 1 to about 20 weight %, preferably from about 1 to about 10 weight %, such as from about 1 to about 5 weight % R-1270 and from about 1 to about 40 weight % CO.sub.2; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I, from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-134a and from about 1 to about 40 weight % CO.sub.2; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I, from about 1 to about 50 weight % R-1234yf and from about 1 to about 40 weight % CO.sub.2; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I, from about 1 to about 20 weight % R-227ea and from about 1 to about 40 weight % CO.sub.2; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I, from about 1 to about 50 weight % R-152a and from about 1 to about 40 weight % CO.sub.2; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 40 weight % CF.sub.3I, from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-32 and from about 1 to about 20 weight % CO.sub.2 and from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1234yf; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 40 weight % CF.sub.3I, from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-32 and from about 1 to about 20 weight % CO.sub.2 and from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1234ze(E); or from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 40 weight % CF.sub.3I, from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-32 and from about 1 to about 20 weight % CO.sub.2 and from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-152a.

19. The composition of claim 11 wherein the composition comprises: from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 70 weight % CF.sub.3I, from about 1 to about 30 weight % R-1123 and from about 1 to about 60 weight % R-32; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I, from about 1 to about 30 weight % R-1123 and from about 1 to about 20 weight %, preferably from about 1 to about 10 weight %, such as from about 1 to about 5 weight % R-290; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I, from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1123 and from about 1 to about 20 weight % R-125; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I, from about 1 to about 30 weight % R-1123 and from about 1 to about 20 weight %, preferably from about 1 to about 10 weight %, such as from about 1 to about 5 weight % R-1270; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I, from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1123 and from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-134a; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I, from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1123 and from about 1 to about 50 weight % R-1234yf; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I, from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1123 and from about 1 to about 20 weight % R-227ea; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I, from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1123 and from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-152a; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I, from about 1 to about 50 weight % R-32 and from about 1 to about 20 weight %, preferably from about 1 to about 10 weight %, such as from about 1 to about 5 weight % R-290; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 70 weight % CF.sub.3I, from about 1 to about 50 weight % R-32 and from about 1 to about 20 weight % R-125; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I, from about 1 to about 50 weight % R-32 and from about 1 to about 20 weight %, preferably from about 1 to about 10 weight %, such as from about 1 to about 5 weight % R-1270; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I, from about 1 to about 50 weight % R-32 and from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-134a; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I, from about 1 to about 50 weight % R-32 and from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1234yf; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I, from about 1 to about 50 weight % R-32 and from about 1 to about 20 weight % R-227ea; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I, from about 1 to about 50 weight % R-32 and from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-152a; from about 1 to about to 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I, from about 1 to about 20 weight %, preferably from about 1 to about 10 weight %, such as from about 1 to about 5 weight % R-290 and from about 1 to about 20 weight % R-125; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I, from about 1 to about 20 weight %, preferably from about 1 to about 10 weight %, such as from about 1 to about 5 weight % R-290 and from about 1 to about 20 weight %, preferably from about 1 to about 10 weight %, such as from about 1 to about 5 weight % R-1270; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I, from about 1 to about 20 weight %, preferably from about 1 to about 10 weight %, such as from about 1 to about 5 weight % R-290 and from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-134a; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I, from about 1 to about 20 weight %, preferably from about 1 to about 10 weight %, such as from about 1 to about 5 weight % R-290 and from about 1 to about 50 weight % R-1234yf; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I, from about 1 to about 20 weight %, preferably from about 1 to about 10 weight %, such as from about 1 to about 5 weight % R-290 and from about 1 to about 20 weight % R-227ea; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I, from about 1 to about 20 weight %, preferably from about 1 to about 10 weight %, such as from about 1 to about 5 weight % R-290 and from about 1 to about 50 weight % R-152a; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I, from about 1 to about 20 weight % R-125 and from about 1 to about 20 weight %, preferably from about 1 to about 10 weight %, such as from about 1 to about 5 weight % R-1270; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I, from about 1 to about 20 weight % R-125 and from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-134a; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I, from about 1 to about 20 weight % R-125 and from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1234yf; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I, from about 1 to about 20 weight % R-125 and from about 1 to about 20 weight % R-227ea; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I, from about 1 to about 20 weight % R-125 and from about 1 to about 50 weight % R-152a; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I, from about 1 to about 20 weight %, preferably from about 1 to about 10 weight %, such as from about 1 to about 5 weight % R-1270 and from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-134a; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I, from about 1 to about 20 weight %, preferably from about 1 to about 10 weight %, such as from about 1 to about 5 weight % R-1270 and from about 1 to about 50 weight % R-1234yf; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I, from about 1 to about 20 weight %, preferably from about 1 to about 10 weight %, such as from about 1 to about 5 weight % R-1270 and from about 1 to about 50 weight % R-227ea; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I, from about 1 to about 20 weight %, preferably from about 1 to about 10 weight %, such as from about 1 to about 5 weight % R-1270 and from about 1 to about 50 weight % R-152a; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I, from about 1 to about 50 weight % R-134a and from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1234yf; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I, from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-134a and from about 1 to about 20 weight % R-227ea; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I, from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-134a and from about 1 to about 50 weight % R-152a; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I, from about 1 to about 50 weight % R-1234yf and from about 1 to about 20 weight % R-227ea; from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I, from about 1 to about 50 weight % R-1234yf and from about 1 to about 50 weight % R-152a; or from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-1132a, from about 1 to about 50 weight % CF.sub.3I, from about 1 to about 20 weight % R-227ea and from about 1 to about 40 weight % R-152a.

20. The composition according to claim 11, wherein the composition comprises CF.sub.3I, R-1132a and R-1234yf, preferably from 15 to 98 weight % of CF.sub.3I, from 1 to 15 weight % of R-1132a and from 1 to 80 weight % of R-1234yf, such as from 25 to 87 weight % of CF.sub.3I, from 3 to 11 weight % of R-1132a and from 5 to 75 weight % of R-1234yf based on the total weight of the composition.

21. The composition according to claim 11 comprising CF.sub.3I, R-1132a, R-32 and R-1234yf, preferably from 15 to 97 weight % of CF.sub.3I, from 1 to 15 weight % of R-1132a, from 1 to 20 weight % of R-32 and from 1 to 70 weight % of R-1234yf, such as from 28 to 82 weight % of CF.sub.3I, from 3 to 10 weight % of R-1132a, from 5 to 12 weight % of R-32 and from 5 to 60 weight % of R-1234yf based on the total weight of the composition.

22. The composition of claim 11 further comprising a stabilizer, preferably wherein the stabiliser is selected from the group consisting of diene-based compounds, phosphates, phenol compounds and epoxides, and mixtures thereof.

23. A composition of claim 11 consisting essentially of the stated components.

24. A composition of claim 11, wherein the refrigerant composition is less flammable than R-1132a alone, preferably wherein the refrigerant composition has: a. a higher flammable limit; b. a higher ignition energy; and/or c. a lower flame velocity compared to R-1132a alone.

25. A composition of claim 11 wherein the composition is non-flammable, preferably wherein the refrigerant composition is non-flammable at ambient temperature, or wherein the composition is non-flammable at 60° C.

26. The composition of claim 11 which has a Global Warming Potential (GWP) below 150.

27. The composition of claim 11 wherein the refrigeration composition has a temperature glide in an evaporator or condenser of less than about 10K, preferably less than about 5K.

28. The use of a composition as claimed in claim 11 as a refrigerant in a vapour compression heat transfer system.

29. A vapour compression heat transfer system comprising a composition as claimed in claim 11.

30. The vapour compression heat transfer system of claim 29 which further comprises a lubricant, preferably a polyolester (POE) or polyalkylene glycol (PAG) lubricant.

31. A method of producing cooling which comprises evaporating a composition as claimed in claim 11 in the vicinity of a body to be cooled.

32. A method of producing heating which comprises condensing a refrigerant composition as claimed in claim 11 in the vicinity of a body to be heated.

33. A sprayable composition comprising material to be sprayed and a propellant comprising a composition as defined in claim 11.

34. A method for extracting a substance from biomass comprising contacting biomass with a solvent comprising a composition as defined in claim 11 and separating the substance from the solvent.

35. A method of cleaning an article comprising contacting the article with a solvent comprising a composition as defined in claim 11.

36. A method of extracting a material from an aqueous solution or from a particulate solid matrix comprising contacting the aqueous solution or the particulate solid matrix with a solvent comprising a composition as defined in claim 1 and separating the material from the solvent.

37. A mechanical power generation device containing a composition as defined in claim 11.

38. A mechanical power generating device according to claim 37 which is adapted to use a Rankine Cycle or modification thereof to generate work from heat.

39. A method of retrofitting a heat transfer device comprising the step of removing an existing heat transfer composition, and introducing a composition as defined in claim 11.

40. A method of claim 39 wherein the heat transfer device is a commercial or industrial refrigeration device, a heat pump, or a residential or commercial air conditioning system.

41. A method for reducing the environmental impact arising from the operation of a product comprising an existing compound or composition, the method comprising replacing at least partially the existing compound or composition with a composition as defined in claim 11.

42. A method of claim 41 wherein the use of the composition of the invention results in a lower Total Equivalent Warming Impact, and/or a lower Life-Cycle Carbon Production than is attained by use of the existing compound or composition.

43. A method of claim 41 carried out on a product from the fields of air-conditioning, refrigeration, heat transfer, aerosols or sprayable propellants, gaseous dielectrics, flame suppression, solvents, cleaners, topical anaesthetics, and expansion applications.

44. A method according to claim 41 wherein the product is selected from a heat transfer device, a sprayable composition, a solvent or a mechanical power generation device, preferably a heat transfer device.

45. A method according to claim 44 wherein the product is a heat transfer device, preferably a residential or commercial air conditioning system, a heat pump or a commercial or industrial refrigeration system.

46. A method according to claim 39 wherein the existing compound or composition is a heat transfer composition, preferably wherein the heat transfer composition is a refrigerant selected from R-410A, R-454B, R-452B and R-32.

Description

EXAMPLES

[0134] The invention is now illustrated by theoretical cycle modelling of performance of selected compositions of the invention in a cooling cycle (Examples 1-10).

[0135] R-410A was chosen as the reference refrigerant for all modelling experiments. The following conditions were assumed:

TABLE-US-00001 Data Input Section R410A Cooling duty kW 6 Mean condenser temperature ° C. 54.44 Mean evaporator temperature ° C. 7.22 Condenser subcooling K 8.33 Evaporator superheat K 5.56 Evaporator pressure drop bar 0 Suction line pressure drop bar 0 Condenser pressure drop bar 0 Compressor suction superheat K 11.11 Isentropic efficiency 70%

[0136] The modelling was carried out in Microsoft Excel using NIST REFPROP10 as the thermodynamic data source. The phase equilibria of binary mixtures of R-1132a with R-134a, R-1234yf, R-125, R-152a, R-744, CF.sub.3I and R-32; and of binary mixtures of CF.sub.3I with R-32 and R-152a were first studied using a constant-volume apparatus to measure the vapour pressure of the mixtures at a temperature range of from −70° C. to +40° C. This data was then regressed to yield interaction parameters for use in REFPROP that reproduced the experimental data.

[0137] The cycle modelled was a standard air-conditioning vapour compression cycle comprising evaporator, compressor, condenser and expansion device.

[0138] Mixtures of the invention can offer capacity and energy efficiency (COP) close to those obtainable with R-410A and thus are suitable for use in air-conditioning applications. Certain preferred mixtures of the invention offer capacity and COP within 5% of the values obtainable with R-410A with temperature glides of less than 10K in evaporator and/or condenser. It is anticipated that such mixtures would be usable with minor adaptation of existing designs of equipment (intended for R-410A). Other compositions offer higher capacity but with higher temperature glide; such mixtures could nonetheless offer promise for new designs of equipment.

TABLE-US-00002 Example 1 (ternary compositions comprising R-1132a, CF.sub.3I and 20 wt %R-32) R1132a 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 R32 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 CF3I Results R410A 45 50 55 60 65 70 75* Cooling COP 2.88 2.44 2.54 2.54 2.63 2.82 2.92 3.01 Cooling COP relative to Reference 100.0% 84.7% 88.2% 88.2% 91.6% 98.1% 101.4% 104.7% Volumetric cooling capacity kJ/m3 5260 5840 5667 5667 5454 4921 4602 4248 Cooling Capacity relative to Reference 100.0% 111.0% 107.7% 107.7% 103.7% 93.6% 87.5% 80.8% Compressor discharge temperature ° C. 103.0 113.8 114.9 114.9 115.9 117.5 117.9 117.8 Discharge temp. difference from K 0.0 10.8 11.9 11.9 12.9 14.5 14.9 14.8 reference Evaporator inlet pressure bar 10.00 13.42 12.39 12.39 11.37 9.38 8.41 7.45 Condenser inlet pressure bar 33.9 44.1 41.1 41.1 38.1 32.1 29.0 25.9 Evaporator glide (out-in) K 0.1 12.1 13.2 13.2 14.1 15.0 14.9 14.2 Condenser glide (in-out) K 0.1 7.1 9.0 9.0 10.6 13.2 13.9 13.8

TABLE-US-00003 Example 2 (ternary compositions comprising R-1132a, CF.sub.3I and 25 wt % R-32) R1132a 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 R32 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 CF3I Results R410A 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 Cooling COP 2.88 2.43 2.52 2.61 2.70 2.79 2.87 2.96 Cooling COP relative to Reference 100.0% 84.5% 87.8% 90.9% 93.9% 96.8% 99.8% 102.8% Volumetric cooling capacity kJ/m3 5260 6028 5865 5661 5422 5148 4840 4498 Cooling Capacity relative to Reference 100.0% 114.6% 111.5% 107.6% 103.1% 97.9% 92.0% 85.5% Compressor discharge temperature ° C. 103.0 113.3 114.3 115.4 116.4 117.2 117.8 118.1 Discharge temp. difference from K 0.0 10.3 11.3 12.4 13.4 14.2 14.8 15.1 reference Evaporator inlet pressure bar 10.00 13.97 12.96 11.96 10.97 9.99 9.02 8.06 Condenser inlet pressure bar 33.9 45.4 42.6 39.7 36.8 33.8 30.9 27.8 Evaporator glide (out-in) K 0.1 9.9 10.8 11.6 12.1 12.4 12.3 11.8 Condenser glide (in-out) K 0.1 5.5 7.1 8.5 9.6 10.5 11.0 10.9

TABLE-US-00004 Example 3 (ternary compositions comprising R-1132a, CF.sub.3I and 30 wt % R-32) R1132a 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 R32 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 CF3I Results R410A 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 Cooling COP 2.88 2.44 2.52 2.61 2.69 2.77 2.85 2.93 Cooling COP relative to Reference 100.0% 84.7% 87.8% 90.7% 93.5% 96.3% 99.0% 101.7% Volumetric cooling capacity kJ/m3 5260 6202 6048 5855 5625 5362 5064 4733 Cooling Capacity relative to Reference 100.0% 117.9% 115.0% 111.3% 107.0% 101.9% 96.3% 90.0% Compressor discharge temperature ° C. 103.0 113.0 113.9 115.0 115.9 116.8 117.5 118.0 Discharge temp. difference from K 0.0 10.0 11.0 12.0 12.9 13.8 14.5 15.0 reference Evaporator dewpoint ° C. 7.3 11.3 11.7 12.0 12.2 12.3 12.2 11.9 Evaporator exit gas temperature ° C. 12.8 16.9 17.3 17.5 17.7 17.8 17.8 17.5 Evaporator glide (out-in) K 0.1 8.3 8.9 9.5 9.9 10.1 9.9 9.4 Condenser glide (in-out) K 0.1 4.4 5.7 6.9 7.8 8.4 8.7 8.5

TABLE-US-00005 Example 4 (ternary compositions comprising R-1132a, CF.sub.3I and 35 wt % R-32) R1132a 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 R32 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 CF3I Results R410A 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 Cooling COP 2.88 2.45 2.53 2.61 2.69 2.76 2.84 2.91 Cooling COP relative to Reference 100.0% 85.1% 88.1% 90.8% 93.5% 96.1% 98.7% 101.2% Volumetric cooling capacity kJ/m3 5260 6359 6211 6027 5809 5557 5271 4952 Cooling Capacity relative to Reference 100.0% 120.9% 118.1% 114.6% 110.4% 105.6% 100.2% 94.1% Compressor discharge temperature ° C. 103.0 113.0 113.9 114.8 115.6 116.5 117.2 117.7 Discharge temp. difference from K 0.0 10.0 10.9 11.8 12.7 13.5 14.2 14.7 reference Evaporator dewpoint ° C. 7.3 10.7 11.0 11.2 11.3 11.3 11.2 10.9 Evaporator exit gas temperature ° C. 12.8 16.3 16.5 16.7 16.8 16.8 16.7 16.4 Evaporator glide (out-in) K 0.1 7.0 7.5 7.9 8.1 8.1 7.9 7.3 Condenser glide (in-out) K 0.1 3.7 4.8 5.7 6.4 6.9 7.0 6.7

TABLE-US-00006 Example 5 (ternary compositions comprising R-1132a, CF.sub.3I and 40 wt % R-32) R1132a 35 30 25 20 10 5 R32 40 40 40 40 40 40 CF3I Results R410A 25 30 35 40 50 55 Cooling COP 2.88 2.46 2.54 2.62 2.70 2.84 2.91 Cooling COP relative to Reference 100.0% 85.7% 88.5% 91.1% 93.7% 98.7% 101.1% Volumetric cooling capacity kJ/m3 5260 6494 6352 6176 5967 5454 5149 Cooling Capacity relative to Reference 100.0% 123.5% 120.8% 117.4% 113.5% 103.7% 97.9% Compressor discharge temperature ° C. 103.0 113.3 114.1 114.9 115.7 117.0 117.5 Discharge temp. difference from K 0.0 10.3 11.1 11.9 12.7 14.0 14.5 reference Evaporator dewpoint ° C. 7.3 10.3 10.5 10.6 10.6 10.4 10.0 Evaporator exit gas temperature ° C. 12.8 15.9 16.1 16.2 16.2 15.9 15.6 Evaporator glide (out-in) K 0.1 6.2 6.6 6.8 6.8 6.3 5.6 Condenser glide (in-out) K 0.1 3.3 4.2 4.9 5.4 5.7 5.2

TABLE-US-00007 Example 6 (quaternary compositions comprising R-1132a, CF.sub.3I, 10 wt % R-125 and 10 wt % R-32) R1132a 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 R32 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 R125 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 CF3I Results R410A 45 50 55 60 65 70 75* Cooling COP 2.88 2.37 2.49 2.64 2.71 2.83 2.94 3.05 Cooling COP relative to Reference 100.0% 82.3% 86.4% 91.8% 94.4% 98.3% 102.2% 106.2% Volumetric cooling capacity kJ/m3 5260 5469 5316 5204 4871 4589 4268 3907 Cooling Capacity relative to Reference 100.0% 104.0% 101.1% 98.9% 92.6% 87.3% 81.2% 74.3% Heating COP 3.88 3.37 3.49 3.64 3.71 3.83 3.94 4.05 Critical temperature ° C. 71.3 59.5 63.4 67.6 72.3 77.3 82.8 88.9 Critical pressure bar 49.0 48.7 48.9 49.0 49.1 49.0 48.7 48.3 Refrigeration effect kJ/kg 153 95 97 98 98 98 97 96 Pressure ratio 3.39 3.31 3.34 3.32 3.41 3.44 3.47 3.50 Compressor discharge temperature ° C. 103.0 109.2 110.0 110.2 111.0 111.2 110.9 110.1 Discharge temp. difference from reference K 0.0 6.2 7.0 7.2 8.0 8.2 7.9 7.1 Evaporator inlet pressure bar 10.00 13.04 11.95 11.06 9.84 8.82 7.82 6.84 Condenser inlet pressure bar 33.9 43.2 40.0 36.8 33.6 30.4 27.2 23.9 Evaporator inlet temperature ° C. 7.2 0.7 0.0 −1.1 −1.0 −1.2 −1.2 −0.8 Evaporator dewpoint ° C. 7.3 13.8 14.4 15.5 15.4 15.6 15.6 15.2 Evaporator exit gas temperature ° C. 12.8 19.3 20.0 21.1 21.0 21.2 21.2 20.8 Evaporator glide (out-in) K 0.1 13.1 14.4 16.6 16.4 16.9 16.8 16.0 Condenser dew point ° C. 54.5 58.1 59.3 60.3 61.3 62.0 62.5 62.6 Condenser bubble point ° C. 54.4 50.8 49.6 48.6 47.6 46.9 46.4 46.3 Condenser exit liquid temperature ° C. 46.1 42.5 41.3 40.2 39.3 38.5 38.0 38.0 Condenser glide (in-out) K 0.1 7.3 9.7 11.8 13.7 15.2 16.1 16.3

TABLE-US-00008 Example 7 (quaternary compositions comprising R-1132a, CF.sub.3I, 10 wt % R-125 and 20 wt % R-32) R1132a 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 R32 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 R125 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 CF3I Results R410A 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 Cooling COP 2.88 2.34 2.45 2.54 2.64 2.73 2.82 2.91 Cooling COP relative to Reference 100.0% 81.3% 85.1% 88.5% 91.7% 94.9% 98.1% 101.3% Volumetric cooling capacity kJ/m3 5260 5858 5733 5552 5330 5070 4773 4442 Cooling Capacity relative to Reference 100.0% 111.4% 109.0% 105.6% 101.3% 96.4% 90.8% 84.5% Heating COP 3.88 3.34 3.45 3.54 3.64 3.73 3.82 3.91 Critical temperature ° C. 71.3 56.8 60.1 63.6 67.3 71.3 75.7 80.4 Critical pressure bar 49.0 49.2 49.4 49.4 49.4 49.4 49.2 48.8 Refrigeration effect kJ/kg 153 102 104 106 106 107 106 105 Pressure ratio 3.39 3.24 3.27 3.30 3.34 3.38 3.42 3.45 Compressor discharge temperature ° C. 103.0 108.6 109.3 110.1 110.8 111.4 111.7 111.7 Discharge temp. difference from reference K 0.0 5.6 6.3 7.1 7.8 8.4 8.7 8.7 Evaporator inlet pressure bar 10.00 14.31 13.27 12.23 11.20 10.18 9.18 8.19 Condenser inlet pressure bar 33.9 46.4 43.4 40.4 37.4 34.4 31.4 28.2 Evaporator inlet temperature ° C. 7.2 2.9 2.5 2.1 1.7 1.5 1.5 1.6 Evaporator dewpoint ° C. 7.3 11.5 12.0 12.4 12.7 12.9 13.0 12.8 Evaporator exit gas temperature ° C. 12.8 17.1 17.5 17.9 18.3 18.5 18.5 18.4 Evaporator glide (out-in) K 0.1 8.6 9.5 10.3 11.0 11.4 11.5 11.2 Condenser dew point ° C. 54.5 56.4 57.2 58.0 58.6 59.1 59.4 59.5 Condenser bubble point ° C. 54.4 52.5 51.6 50.9 50.3 49.8 49.5 49.4 Condenser exit liquid temperature ° C. 46.1 44.2 43.3 42.6 42.0 41.5 41.1 41.1 Condenser glide (in-out) K 0.1 3.8 5.6 7.1 8.3 9.3 9.9 10.0

TABLE-US-00009 Example 8 (quaternary compositions comprising R-1132a, CF.sub.3I, 10 wt % R-125 and 25 wt % R-32) R1132a 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 R32 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 R125 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 CF3I Results R410A 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 Cooling COP 2.88 2.35 2.45 2.54 2.63 2.72 2.80 2.88 Cooling COP relative to Reference 100.0% 81.7% 85.3% 88.5% 91.5% 94.5% 97.4% 100.3% Volumetric cooling capacity kJ/m3 5260 6038 5922 5751 5540 5290 5004 4683 Cooling Capacity relative to Reference 100.0% 114.8% 112.6% 109.3% 105.3% 100.6% 95.1% 89.0% Heating COP 3.88 3.35 3.45 3.54 3.63 3.72 3.80 3.88 Critical temperature ° C. 71.3 56.3 59.3 62.5 66.0 69.6 73.5 77.8 Critical pressure bar 49.0 49.7 49.8 49.8 49.8 49.7 49.4 49.1 Refrigeration effect kJ/kg 153 107 109 111 111 112 112 111 Pressure ratio 3.39 3.22 3.24 3.27 3.31 3.34 3.38 3.42 Compressor discharge temperature ° C. 103.0 108.5 109.2 109.9 110.5 111.1 111.6 111.7 Discharge temp. difference from reference K 0.0 5.5 6.2 6.9 7.6 8.2 8.6 8.8 Evaporator inlet pressure bar 10.00 14.73 13.73 12.73 11.73 10.73 9.74 8.76 Condenser inlet pressure bar 33.9 47.4 44.5 41.7 38.8 35.9 33.0 29.9 Evaporator inlet temperature ° C. 7.2 3.7 3.3 3.0 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.9 Evaporator dewpoint ° C. 7.3 10.8 11.1 11.4 11.6 11.8 11.7 11.6 Evaporator exit gas temperature ° C. 12.8 16.3 16.7 17.0 17.2 17.3 17.3 17.1 Evaporator glide (out-in) K 0.1 7.1 7.8 8.4 8.8 9.1 9.1 8.7 Condenser dew point ° C. 54.5 55.9 56.7 57.3 57.8 58.1 58.3 58.3 Condenser bubble point ° C. 54.4 53.0 52.2 51.6 51.1 50.8 50.6 50.6 Condenser exit liquid temperature ° C. 46.1 44.6 43.9 43.3 42.8 42.4 42.2 42.3 Condenser glide (in-out) K 0.1 3.0 4.5 5.7 6.6 7.3 7.7 7.7

TABLE-US-00010 Example 9 (quaternary compositions comprising R-1132a, CF.sub.3I, 14 wt % R-125 and 25 wt % R-32) R1132a 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 R32 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 R125 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 CF3I Results R410A 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 Cooling COP 2.88 2.31 2.43 2.52 2.61 2.69 2.78 2.86 Cooling COP relative to Reference 100.0% 80.4% 84.3% 87.6% 90.7% 93.7% 96.6% 99.4% Volumetric cooling capacity kJ/m3 5260 6018 5931 5775 5576 5338 5062 4749 Cooling Capacity relative to Reference 100.0% 114.4% 112.8% 109.8% 106.0% 101.5% 96.2% 90.3% Heating COP 3.88 3.31 3.43 3.52 3.61 3.69 3.78 3.86 Critical temperature ° C. 71.3 55.3 58.2 61.2 64.5 68.0 71.8 75.8 Critical pressure bar 49.0 49.2 49.3 49.3 49.2 49.0 48.8 48.4 Refrigeration effect kJ/kg 153 106 108 109 110 110 110 110 Pressure ratio 3.39 3.22 3.23 3.26 3.29 3.33 3.36 3.40 Compressor discharge temperature ° C. 103.0 107.1 107.4 108.0 108.5 109.0 109.3 109.4 Discharge temp. difference from reference K 0.0 4.1 4.4 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.3 6.4 Evaporator inlet pressure bar 10.00 14.97 13.99 13.00 12.01 11.01 10.02 9.03 Condenser inlet pressure bar 33.9 48.2 45.2 42.4 39.5 36.6 33.7 30.7 Evaporator inlet temperature ° C. 7.2 4.1 3.8 3.6 3.4 3.3 3.3 3.5 Evaporator dewpoint ° C. 7.3 10.3 10.6 10.9 11.1 11.1 11.1 10.9 Evaporator exit gas temperature ° C. 12.8 15.9 16.2 16.4 16.6 16.7 16.7 16.5 Evaporator glide (out-in) K 0.1 6.2 6.8 7.3 7.7 7.8 7.8 7.5 Condenser dew point ° C. 54.5 55.4 56.3 56.8 57.3 57.6 57.8 57.7 Condenser bubble point ° C. 54.4 53.5 52.6 52.0 51.6 51.3 51.1 51.2 Condenser exit liquid temperature ° C. 46.1 45.1 44.3 43.7 43.3 43.0 42.8 42.9 Condenser glide (in-out) K 0.1 2.0 3.7 4.8 5.7 6.3 6.6 6.5

TABLE-US-00011 Example 10 (quaternary compositions comprising R-1132a, CF.sub.3I, 10 wt % R-125 and 30 wt % R-32) R1132a 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 R32 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 R125 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 CF3I Results R410A 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 Cooling COP 2.88 2.37 2.47 2.55 2.64 2.72 2.80 2.87 Cooling COP relative to Reference 100.0% 82.3% 85.7% 88.8% 91.7% 94.5% 97.2% 99.9% Volumetric cooling capacity kJ/m3 5260 6203 6089 5927 5726 5488 5215 4906 Cooling Capacity relative to Reference 100.0% 117.9% 115.8% 112.7% 108.9% 104.3% 99.1% 93.3% Heating COP 3.88 3.37 3.47 3.55 3.64 3.72 3.80 3.87 Critical temperature ° C. 71.3 56.1 59.0 61.9 65.1 68.5 72.1 75.9 Critical pressure bar 49.0 50.3 50.3 50.3 50.3 50.1 49.8 49.4 Refrigeration effect kJ/kg 153 114 115 117 117 118 117 117 Pressure ratio 3.39 3.21 3.23 3.25 3.28 3.32 3.35 3.38 Compressor discharge temperature ° C. 103.0 108.9 109.4 110.0 110.5 111.1 111.5 111.7 Discharge temp. difference from reference K 0.0 5.9 6.4 7.0 7.5 8.1 8.5 8.7 Evaporator inlet pressure bar 10.00 15.01 14.06 13.11 12.15 11.18 10.22 9.26 Condenser inlet pressure bar 33.9 48.2 45.4 42.6 39.9 37.1 34.3 31.3 Evaporator inlet temperature ° C. 7.2 4.2 3.9 3.8 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.9 Evaporator dewpoint ° C. 7.3 10.3 10.5 10.7 10.8 10.8 10.7 10.5 Evaporator exit gas temperature ° C. 12.8 15.8 16.1 16.2 16.4 16.4 16.3 16.1 Evaporator glide (out-in) K 0.1 6.1 6.6 6.9 7.2 7.2 7.0 6.6 Condenser dew point ° C. 54.5 55.7 56.3 56.8 57.2 57.4 57.5 57.4 Condenser bubble point ° C. 54.4 53.2 52.6 52.1 51.7 51.5 51.4 51.5 Condenser exit liquid temperature ° C. 46.1 44.9 44.2 43.8 43.4 43.1 43.1 43.2 Condenser glide (in-out) K 0.1 2.5 3.8 4.7 5.4 5.9 6.1 5.9

[0139] Examples 11 to 15 demonstrate the theoretical cycle modelling of performance of selected compositions of the present invention in a heat pump cycle. R-1234yf was chosen as the reference refrigerant for the heat pump cycle.

[0140] The modelling was carried out in Microsoft Excel using NIST REFPROP10 as the thermodynamic data source. The phase equilibrium of mixtures of R-1132a with R-32 and R-1234yf was first studied using a constant-volume apparatus to measure the vapour pressure of binary mixtures of R-1132a/R-32 or R-1132a/R-1234yf over a range of temperatures from −70 C to +40 C. This data was then regressed to yield binary interaction parameters for use in REFPROP that reproduced the experimental data.

[0141] The cycle modelled included intermediate pressure vapour injection of refrigerant vapour to improve cycle performance. For each composition the optimum injection pressure was determined so as to maximise the Coefficient of Performance (COP) for heating.

[0142] For the heat pump cycle the following conditions were assumed:

TABLE-US-00012 Data Input Section R-1234yf Compressor displacement m3/hr 16.5 Mean condenser temperature ° C. 45.0 Mean evaporator temperature ° C. −25.0 Condenser subcooling K 3.0 Evaporator superheat K 1.0 Evaporator pressure drop bar 0.20 Suction line pressure drop bar 0.10 Condenser pressure drop bar 0.20 Compressor suction superheat K 10.0 Isentropic efficiency 65.0%

TABLE-US-00013 Example 11 (binary compositions comprising R-1132a and CF.sub.3I) R1132a 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14% CF3I 96% 94% 92% 90% 88% 86% Results R1234yf 4%/96% 6%/94% 8%/92% 10%/90% 12%/88% 14%/86% Heating COP 2.39 2.60 2.58 2.56 2.54 2.53 2.52 Volumetric heating Capacity kJ/m3 1108 1189 1310 1431 1553 1675 1795 Heating Capacity relative to Reference 100.0% 107.3% 118.3% 129.2% 140.2% 151.2% 162.1% Pressure ratio 9.39 10.25 10.35 10.31 10.20 10.05 9.88 Compressor discharge temperature ° C. 71.6 123.2 126.2 128.2 129.6 130.5 131.1 Discharge temp. difference from K 0.0 51.6 54.5 56.5 57.9 58.9 59.5 reference Evaporator inlet pressure bar 1.23 1.10 1.22 1.34 1.47 1.61 1.75 Condenser inlet pressure bar 11.54 11.27 12.59 13.83 15.02 16.17 17.28 Evaporator glide (out-in) K 0.0 4.6 6.8 9.0 10.9 12.7 14.3 Condenser glide (in-out) K 0.0 15.2 19.6 22.7 24.9 26.4 27.3

TABLE-US-00014 Example 12 (ternary compositions comprising 4 wt % R-1132a, R-1234yf and CF.sub.3I) R1132a 4% 4% 4% 4% 4% 4% 4% R1234yf 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% CF3I Results R1234yf 86% 76% 66% 56% 46% 36% 26% Heating COP 2.39 2.57 2.54 2.51 2.48 2.45 2.43 2.41 Volumetric heating Capacity kJ/m3 1108 1248 1288 1312 1322 1320 1308 1290 Heating Capacity relative to Reference 100.0% 112.7% 116.3% 118.4% 119.4% 119.2% 118.1% 116.5% Pressure ratio 9.39 9.88 9.63 9.47 9.38 9.36 9.39 9.46 Compressor discharge temperature ° C. 71.6 111.0 102.0 95.2 89.9 86.0 83.0 80.6 Discharge temp. difference from K 0.0 39.4 30.4 23.5 18.3 14.4 11.3 9.0 reference Evaporator inlet pressure bar 1.23 1.20 1.28 1.35 1.39 1.41 1.41 1.40 Condenser inlet pressure bar 11.54 11.88 12.37 12.75 13.02 13.19 13.27 13.28 Evaporator glide (out-in) K 0.0 4.5 3.9 3.1 2.4 1.9 1.6 1.5 Condenser glide (in-out) K 0.0 12.7 10.5 8.6 7.1 6.1 5.5 5.1

TABLE-US-00015 Example 13 (ternary compositions comprising 8 wt % R-1132a, R-1234yf and CF.sub.3I) R1132a 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% R1234yf 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% CF3I Results R1234yf 82% 72% 62% 52% 42% 32% Heating COP 2.39 2.53 2.50 2.48 2.45 2.43 2.41 Volumetric heating Capacity kJ/m3 1108 1467 1488 1496 1491 1476 1452 Heating Capacity relative to Reference 100.0% 132.5% 134.3% 135.0% 134.6% 133.2% 131.1% Pressure ratio 9.39 9.95 9.72 9.58 9.51 9.51 9.56 Compressor discharge temperature ° C. 71.6 115.6 106.3 99.3 93.9 89.8 86.7 Discharge temp. difference from K 0.0 44.0 34.7 27.6 22.3 18.2 15.1 reference Evaporator inlet pressure bar 1.23 1.43 1.50 1.55 1.57 1.58 1.57 Condenser inlet pressure bar 11.54 14.24 14.57 14.82 14.97 15.03 15.02 Evaporator glide (out-in) K 0.0 7.9 6.5 5.2 4.2 3.5 3.1 Condenser glide (in-out) K 0.0 18.7 15.5 13.1 11.3 10.1 9.3

TABLE-US-00016 Example 14 (ternary compositions comprising 10 wt % R-1132a, R-1234yf and CF.sub.3I) R1132a 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% R1234yf 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% CF3I Results R1234yf 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% Heating COP 2.39 2.52 2.49 2.46 2.44 2.41 2.40 Volumetric heating Capacity kJ/m3 1108 1577 1588 1587 1576 1554 1524 Heating Capacity relative to Reference 100.0% 142.4% 143.4% 143.3% 142.2% 140.3% 137.6% Pressure ratio 9.39 9.89 9.69 9.57 9.52 9.53 9.60 Compressor discharge temperature ° C. 71.6 117.2 107.9 100.9 95.5 91.4 88.3 Discharge temp. difference from K 0.0 45.5 36.3 29.2 23.9 19.8 16.7 reference Evaporator inlet pressure bar 1.23 1.55 1.61 1.65 1.67 1.67 1.65 Condenser inlet pressure bar 11.54 15.36 15.63 15.82 15.92 15.93 15.87 Evaporator glide (out-in) K 0.0 9.3 7.7 6.2 5.0 4.3 3.9 Condenser glide (in-out) K 0.0 20.6 17.2 14.6 12.8 11.5 10.8

TABLE-US-00017 Example 15 (quaternary compositions comprising 4 wt % R-1132a, 8 wt % R-32, R-1234yf and CF.sub.3I) R1132a 4% 4% 4% 4% 4% R32 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% R1234yf 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% CF3I Results R1234yf 78% 68% 58% 48% 38% Heating COP 2.39 2.55 2.52 2.49 2.47 2.45 Volumetric heating Capacity kJ/m3 1108 1747 1740 1724 1700 1667 Heating Capacity relative to Reference 100.0% 157.7% 157.1% 155.7% 153.5% 150.5% Pressure ratio 9.39 9.36 9.28 9.24 9.24 9.29 Compressor discharge temperature ° C. 71.6 122.6 113.0 105.6 100.0 95.7 Discharge temp. difference from reference K 0.0 50.9 41.4 34.0 28.4 24.1 Evaporator inlet pressure bar 1.23 1.73 1.77 1.79 1.79 1.78 Condenser inlet pressure bar 11.54 16.19 16.41 16.55 16.58 16.53 Evaporator glide (out-in) K 0.0 10.5 8.4 6.6 5.4 4.7 Condenser glide (in-out) K 0.0 17.5 14.6 12.4 10.9 9.9