METHOD FOR PERFORMANCE PREDICTION OF GLASS SYSTEM

Abstract

A method for performance prediction of a functional glass system, which includes the following steps: determining species of atoms for structural search according to components of a target glass system; performing structural search based on a first principle to search out compounds that can be formed by interaction between the atoms; comparing a formation energy and a phonon spectrum of each of the compounds to obtain stable compounds; constructing a glass structural composition diagram according to the stable compounds, microstructural units of a glassy compound adjacent to a target glass composition point are structural genes of the glass; and calculating a property of the target glass according to a leverage model formula of a multiplex glass system, the leverage model formula of the multiplex glass system being P0=Σ.sub.i=1.sup.nPi×Li.

Claims

1. A method for performance prediction of a multiplex glass system comprising the following steps: determining species of atoms for structural search according to components of the multiplex glass system; performing structural search based on a first principle to search out compounds that can be formed by interaction between the atoms; comparing a formation energy and a phonon spectrum of each of the compounds to obtain stable compounds; constructing a glass structural composition diagram according to the stable compounds, microstructural units of glassy compounds adjacent to a composition point of a target glass are structural genes of the glass; and calculating a property of the target glass according to a leverage model formula of the multiplex glass system, the leverage model formula of the multiplex glass system being P.sub.0=Σ.sub.i=1.sup.nPi×Li, wherein the multiplex glass system has n components, P.sub.0 is the property of the target glass, Pi is a property of the structural gene of the target glass, and Li is a content of the structural gene of the target glass in the target glass.

2. A method for performance prediction of a binary glass system comprising the following steps: performing structural search based on a first principle to search out compounds that can be formed between every two atoms or among every three atoms in components of a target glass, and obtaining formation energies and phonon spectrums of the compounds by calculating; comparing the formation energies and the phonon spectrums of the compounds respectively to obtain stable compounds; drawing a composition triangle by taking composition atoms of the target glass as vertexes, and marking coordinates of the stable compounds in the composition triangle to obtain a binary glass system composition diagram; finding out a composition coordinate of the target glass in the binary glass system composition diagram, microstructural units of glassy compounds corresponding to two stable compounds adjacent to the composition coordinate are structural genes of the target glass; and calculating a property of the target glass according to a leverage model formula of the binary glass system, the leverage model formula of the binary glass system being P.sub.0=P1×L1+P2×L2, wherein P.sub.0 is the property of the target glass, P1 and P2 are properties of the structural genes of the target glass, and L1 and L2 are contents of the structural genes of the target glass in the target glass.

3. The method for performance prediction of the binary glass system according to claim 2, wherein the property is at least one of a mechanical property, a magnetic property, an electrical property, a luminescent property and a thermal property.

4. The method for performance prediction of the binary glass system according to claim 2, wherein the property is at least one of a density, a refractive index, a fluorescence full width at half maximum, an effective line width, an absorption cross-section and a peak emission cross-section.

5. The method for performance prediction of the binary glass system according to claim 2, wherein performing the structural search based on the first principle is to perform high-throughput structural search using a first principle structural search software.

6. The method for performance prediction of the binary glass system according to claim 5, wherein a local particle swarm optimization algorithm is used in the high-throughput structural search, 35 to 50 structures are calculated for each iteration, and 20 to 30 iterations are calculated in total.

7. The method for performance prediction of the binary glass system according to claim 5, wherein the high-throughput structural search further comprises structure relaxation calculation, a cut-off energy of the structure relaxation is 400 ev to 500 ev, and a PBE functional in a generalized gradient approximation is used as a functional.

8. The method for performance prediction of the binary glass system according to claim 2, wherein before performing the structural search based on the first principle, the method further comprises determining a number range of each atom according to the species of the atoms in the components of the target glass.

9. The method for performance prediction of the binary glass system according to claim 2, wherein the step of comparing the formation energies and the phonon spectrums of the compounds respectively comprises: constructing a bump map illustrating the formation energies of the compounds obtained by calculating which change with the components, and judging thermodynamically stable compounds in the compounds according to the bump map; and calculating phonon spectrums of the thermodynamically stable compounds, and selecting a compound that does not contain an imaginary frequency in the phonon spectrum, which is namely the stable compound.

10. The method for performance prediction of the binary glass system according to claim 2, wherein the target glass comprises one or more of a laser glass, an optical glass, a biological glass, a nuclear technology glass, a safety glass and a ware glass.

11. A method for performance prediction of a ternary glass system comprising the following steps: combining any two of three components of a target glass to obtain three binary composition systems, and performing structural search on each of the binary composition systems respectively according to the method for performance prediction of the binary glass system according to claim 2 to obtain corresponding stable compounds in each of the binary composition systems; combining the three components of the target glass to obtain a ternary composition system, determining a proportion of four atoms in the ternary composition system, and performing structural search based on a first principle to search out compounds that can be formed by the four atoms in the ternary composition system; comparing formation energies and phonon spectrums of the compounds that can be formed by the four atoms in the ternary composition system with formation energies and phonon spectrums of the stable compounds in the binary composition systems to determine stable compounds in the compounds that can be formed by the four atoms in the ternary composition system; drawing a composition triangle by taking the components in the ternary composition system as vertexes, marking coordinates of all the stable compounds in the binary composition system and all the stable compounds in the ternary composition system in the composition triangle, taking the coordinates of all the stable compounds as vertexes, and dividing a triangular region according to a minimum area principle to obtain a ternary glass system composition diagram; finding out a composition coordinate corresponding to the target glass in the ternary glass system composition diagram, microstructural units of glassy compounds corresponding to the compounds represented by three vertexes of the triangular region where the composition coordinate is located are structural genes of the target glass; and calculating a property of the target glass according to a leverage model formula of the ternary glass system, the leverage model formula of the ternary glass system being P.sub.0=P1×L1+P2×L2+P3×L3, wherein P.sub.0 is the property of the target glass, P1, P2 and P3 are properties of the structural genes of the target glass, and L1, L2 and L3 are contents of the structural genes of the target glass in the target glass.

12. The method for performance prediction of the ternary glass system according to claim 11, wherein the step of comparing the formation energies and the phonon spectrums of the compounds that can be formed by the four atoms in the ternary composition system with the formation energies and the phonon spectrums of the stable compounds in the binary composition system comprises: constructing a bump map illustrating the formation energies of the compounds that can be formed by the four atoms in the ternary composition system which change with the components by taking the stable compounds in the binary composition system as terminal vertexes of the components, and judging the thermodynamically stable compounds according to the bump map; and calculating phonon spectrums of the thermodynamically stable compounds, and selecting a compound that does not contain an imaginary frequency in the phonon spectrum, which is namely the stable compound.

13. The method for performance prediction of the ternary glass system according to claim 11, wherein when no stable compound exists in the compounds that can be formed by the four atoms in the ternary composition system, all the stable compounds in the binary composition system are marked in the composition triangle only.

14. The method for performance prediction of the ternary glass system according to claim 11, wherein when the stable compound exists in the compounds that can be formed by the four atoms in the ternary composition system, all the stable compounds in the binary composition system and all the stable compounds in the ternary composition system are marked in the composition triangle.

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20. (canceled)

21. The method for performance prediction of a ternary glass system according to claim 11, wherein the property is at least one of a mechanical property, a magnetic property, an electrical property, a luminescent property and a thermal property.

22. The method for performance prediction of a ternary glass system according to claim 11, wherein the property is at least one of a density, a refractive index, a fluorescence full width at half maximum, an effective line width, an absorption cross-section and a peak emission cross-section.

23. The method for performance prediction of a ternary glass system according to claim 11, wherein performing the structural search based on the first principle is to perform high-throughput structural search using a first principle structural search software.

24. The method for performance prediction of a ternary glass system according to claim 11, wherein a local particle swarm optimization algorithm is used in the high-throughput structural search, 35 to 50 structures are calculated for each iteration, and 20 to 30 iterations are calculated in total.

25. The method for performance prediction of a ternary glass system according to claim 11, wherein before performing the structural search based on the first principle, the method further comprises determining a number range of each atom according to the species of the atoms in the components of the target glass.

26. The method for performance prediction of a ternary glass system according to claim 11, wherein the target glass comprises one or more of a laser glass, an optical glass, a biological glass, a nuclear technology glass, a safety glass and a ware glass.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0085] FIG. 1 is a bump map illustrating relative formation energies of stable compounds of a Li.sub.2O—GeO.sub.2 binary glass system that change with components according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0086] FIG. 2 is a composition diagram of the Li.sub.2O—GeO.sub.2 binary glass system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0087] FIG. 3 is a comparison diagram illustrating predicted values and test values of densities and refractive indexes of Li.sub.2O—GeO.sub.2 and Na.sub.2O—GeO.sub.2 binary glass systems according to Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0088] FIG. 4 is a composition diagram of a Na.sub.2O—GeO.sub.2 binary glass system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention; and

[0089] FIG. 5 is a composition diagram of a GeO.sub.2—BaO—La.sub.2O.sub.3 ternary glass system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

[0090] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail hereinafter with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely used to explain the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0091] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for performance prediction of a multiplex glass system, which includes the following steps:

[0092] S01: determining species of atoms for structural search according to components of the multiplex glass system;

[0093] S02: performing structural search based on the first principle to search out compounds that can be formed by interaction between the atoms;

[0094] S03: comparing a formation energy and a phonon spectrum of each of the compound to obtain stable compounds;

[0095] S04: constructing a glass structural composition diagram according to the stable compounds, microstructural units of glassy compounds adjacent to a composition point of a target glass being structural genes of the glass; and

[0096] S05: calculating a property of the target glass according to a leverage model formula of the multiplex glass system, the leverage model formula of the multiplex glass system being P.sub.0=Σ.sub.i=1.sup.nPi×Li, wherein the multiplex glass system has n components, P.sub.0 is the property of the target glass, Pi is a property of the structural gene of the target glass, and Li is a content of the structural gene of the target glass in the target glass.

[0097] The method for performance prediction of the multiplex glass system provided by the present invention is rapid and efficient. According to a short range order characteristic of the glass, the present invention innovatively proposes a concept of researching and developing a functional glass by multi-scale method of atom-compound-glass firstly, and predicts the property of the glass system from a micro level to a macro level, which, from an atomic level, seeks the structural genes of the glass system based on the first principle, and the property of the target glass is quantitatively researched by the structural genes of the glass system and the leverage model formula, which is of great significance to rapid, low-cost and efficient research and development of the functional glass, the special optical fiber and the fiber laser thereof.

[0098] In the present invention, the multiplex glass system is composed of a plurality of oxides, and the components are the oxides forming the multiplex glass system. The binary glass system includes two components, and the ternary glass system includes three components. For example, components of a Li.sub.2O—GeO.sub.2 binary glass system are Li.sub.2O and GeO.sub.2, and components of a BaO—La.sub.2O.sub.3.GeO.sub.2 ternary glass system are BaO, La.sub.2O.sub.3 and GeO.sub.2.

[0099] In the present invention, the compound includes a plurality of different compounds, which include compounds with different atomic compositions, and also include compounds with the same atomic composition but different structures.

[0100] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for performance prediction of a binary glass system, which includes the following steps:

[0101] S10: performing structural search based on the first principle to search out compounds that can be formed between every two atoms or among every three atoms in components of a target glass, and obtaining formation energies and phonon spectrums of the compounds by calculating;

[0102] S20: comparing the formation energies and the phonon spectrums of the compounds respectively to obtain stable compounds;

[0103] S30: drawing a composition triangle by taking composition atoms of the target glass as vertexes, and marking coordinates of the stable compounds in the composition triangle to obtain a binary glass system composition diagram;

[0104] S40: finding out a composition coordinate of the target glass in the binary glass system composition diagram, microstructural units of glassy compounds corresponding to two stable compounds adjacent to the composition coordinate are structural genes of the target glass; and

[0105] S50: calculating a property of the target glass according to a leverage model formula of the binary glass system, the leverage model formula of the binary glass system is P.sub.0=P1×L1+P2×L2, wherein P.sub.0 is the property of the target glass, P1 and P2 are properties of the structural genes of the target glass, and L1 and L2 are contents of the structural genes of the target glass in the target glass.

[0106] The property may be at least one of a mechanical property, a magnetic property, an electrical property, a luminescent property and a thermal property. In an embodiment, the property is at least one of a density, a refractive index, a fluorescence full width at half maximum, an effective line width, an absorption cross-section and a peak emission cross-section.

[0107] The structural search based on the first principle is that the compounds that can be formed can be obtained according to properties of the atoms, which is an ab initio calculation algorithm.

[0108] In an embodiment, performing the structural search based on the first principle is to perform high-throughput structural search using the first principle structural search software, such as CALYPSO and VASP. The high-throughput structural search is performed in a concurrent mode, which is beneficial for accelerating a searching efficiency.

[0109] In an embodiment, a local particle swarm optimization algorithm is used in the high-throughput structural search, 35 to 50 structures are calculated for each iteration, and 20 to 30 iterations are calculated in total.

[0110] In an embodiment, the high-throughput structural search further includes structure relaxation calculation, a cut-off energy of the structure relaxation is 400 ev to 500 ev, and a PBE functional in a generalized gradient approximation (GGA) is used as a functional.

[0111] In an embodiment, before performing the structural search based on the first principle, the method further includes a step S00 of determining a number range of each atom for structural search according to species of the atoms in the components of the target glass.

[0112] In an embodiment, the step S20 of comparing the formation energies and the phonon spectrums of the compounds respectively includes:

[0113] S22: constructing a bump map illustrating the formation energies of the compounds obtained by calculating which change with the components, and judging thermodynamically stable compounds in the compounds according to the bump map; and

[0114] S24: calculating phonon spectrums of the thermodynamically stable compounds, and selecting a compound that does not contain an imaginary frequency (i.e. dynamically stable compound) in the phonon spectrum, which is namely the stable compound.

[0115] In the step S30, the composition triangle is a triangle drawn according to a component representation method of a multiplex phase diagram, which may also be referred to as a concentration triangle. A parallel line of each side is respectively made passing through any point in the composition triangle, and a line segment cut by the parallel line of each side of the composition triangle respectively represents a concentration or a proportion of each component at the point. The coordinates are points corresponding to a compound of a specific composition in the composition triangle. In the step S40, the composition coordinate is a point corresponding to the component of the target glass in the composition triangle.

[0116] In an embodiment, the target glass includes one or more of a laser glass, an optical glass, a biological glass, a nuclear technology glass, a safety glass and a ware glass.

[0117] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for performance prediction of a ternary glass system, which includes the following steps:

[0118] S100: combining any two of three components of a target glass to obtain three binary composition systems, and performing structural search on each of the binary composition systems respectively according to the method for performance prediction of a binary glass system to obtain corresponding stable compounds in each of the binary composition systems;

[0119] S200: combining the three components of the target glass to obtain a ternary composition system, determining a proportion of four atoms in the ternary composition system, and performing structural search based on the first principle to search out compounds that can be formed by the four atoms in the ternary composition system;

[0120] S300: comparing formation energies and phonon spectrums of the compounds that can be formed by the four atoms in the ternary composition system with formation energies and phonon spectrums of the stable compounds in the binary composition systems to determine stable compounds in the compounds that can be formed by the four atoms in the ternary composition system;

[0121] S400: drawing a composition triangle by taking the components in the ternary composition system as vertexes, marking coordinates of all the stable compounds in the binary composition system and all the stable compounds in the ternary composition system in the composition triangle, taking the coordinates of all the stable compounds as vertexes, and dividing a triangular region according to the minimum area principle to obtain a ternary glass system composition diagram;

[0122] S500: finding out a composition coordinate corresponding to the target glass in the ternary glass system composition diagram, microstructural units of glassy compounds corresponding to the compounds represented by three vertexes of the triangular region where the composition coordinate is located are structural genes of the target glass; and

[0123] S600: calculating a property of the target glass according to a leverage model formula of the ternary glass system, the leverage model formula of the ternary glass system being P.sub.0=P1×L1+P2×L2+P3×L3, wherein P.sub.0 is the property of the target glass, P1, P2 and P3 are properties of the structural genes of the target glass, and L1, L2 and L3 are contents of the structural genes of the target glass in the target glass.

[0124] In an embodiment, the step S300 of comparing the formation energies and the phonon spectrums of the compounds that can be formed by the four atoms in the ternary composition system with the formation energies and the phonon spectrums of the stable compounds in the binary composition system includes:

[0125] S320: constructing a bump map illustrating the formation energies of the compounds that can be formed by the four atoms in the ternary composition system which change with the components by taking the stable compounds in the binary composition system as terminal vertexes of the components, and judging the thermodynamically stable compounds according to the bump map; and

[0126] S340: calculating phonon spectrums of the thermodynamically stable compounds, and selecting a compound that does not contain an imaginary frequency in the phonon spectrum, which is namely the stable compound.

[0127] In an embodiment, when no stable compound exists in the compounds that can be formed by the four atoms in the ternary composition system, all the stable compounds in the binary composition system are marked in the composition triangle only in the step S400.

[0128] In an embodiment, when the stable compound exists in the compounds that can be formed by the four atoms in the ternary composition system, all the stable compounds in the binary composition system and all the stable compounds in the ternary composition system are marked in the composition triangle in the step S400.

[0129] According to the method for performance prediction of the glass system provided by the embodiment of the present invention, a biological gene concept and a material genome engineering research mode are used for reference to seek the structural genes of the glass system, a sequential iteration method in a traditional trial-and-error method is replaced by a high-throughput concurrent iteration method, and the “experience-guided experiment” is changed to the “combination of theoretical prediction and test verification” in a research and development mode of materials, so as to realize a target of “shortening a research and development cycle by half and reducing research and development costs by half” and accelerate a process of “discovery-development-production-application” of new materials.

[0130] The binary glass system composition diagram and the ternary glass system composition diagram reflect the glass composition, and the glass composition points can be corresponded one by one in the diagrams. In the binary glass system composition diagram and the ternary glass system composition diagram, the microstructural units of the glassy compounds corresponding to the two stable compounds adjacent to the composition coordinate of the target glass or the compounds represented by the three vertexes of the triangular region where the composition coordinate is located are the structural genes of the glass system.

[0131] The structural genes of the glass system contain a polyhedral coordination condition identical to the target glass, reflect the structure of the glass and determine the property of the glass. The composition points of the glass system can be corresponded one by one in the glass system composition diagram.

[0132] Germanate glass has attracted much attention in the field of mid-infrared fiber lasers because of having advantages such as good mid-infrared transmittance, low phonon energy, and high solubility of rare earth ions. Li.sub.2O—GeO.sub.2 and Na.sub.2O—GeO.sub.2 glass systems are researched by methods for predicting a density and a refractive index of the binary glass system provided by the present invention in the following embodiments.

Embodiment 1 Li.SUB.2.O—GeO.SUB.2 .Binary Glass System

[0133] Target glass was: x mol % Li.sub.2O-y mol % GeO.sub.2

[0134] A number range of each of Ge, Li and O atoms was set, wherein a number of Ge atoms ranged from 0 to 8, a number of Li atoms ranged from 0 to 8, and a number of 0 atoms ranged from 1 to 10.

[0135] According to a number ratio of every two or three atoms, structural search was performed in a first principle structural search software CALYPSO, a local particle swarm optimization algorithm was used for structure evolution, and 35 structures were generated in each iteration. Structure relaxation was performed on a structure screened out by a first principle calculation software VASP, cut-off energy was 500 ev, and a PBE functional in a generalized gradient approximation (GGA) was used as a functional. Compounds that can be formed including GeO.sub.2, Li.sub.2O.7GeO.sub.2, Li.sub.2O.4GeO.sub.2, 3Li.sub.2O.8GeO.sub.2, Li.sub.2O.2GeO.sub.2 and Li.sub.2O were obtained.

[0136] Formation energies of the compounds were also obtained.

[0137] A bump map illustrating the formation energies changed with the components was constructed based on the formation energies of the compounds, which was shown in FIG. 1. Thermodynamically stable compounds in the compounds were judged to be GeO.sub.2, Li.sub.2O.7GeO.sub.2, Li.sub.2O.4GeO.sub.2, Li.sub.2O.2GeO.sub.2 and Li.sub.2O according to the bump map.

[0138] Phonon spectrums of the thermodynamically stable compounds were calculated, and compounds that did not contain an imaginary frequency in the phonon spectrums were selected, which were namely the stable compounds, including GeO.sub.2, Li.sub.2O.4GeO.sub.2, Li.sub.2O.2GeO.sub.2 and Li.sub.2O.

[0139] A composition triangle was drawn by taking atoms Ge, Li and O as vertexes, and coordinates of GeO.sub.2, Li.sub.2O.4GeO.sub.2, Li.sub.2O.2GeO.sub.2 and Li.sub.2O were marked in the composition triangle to obtain a Li.sub.2O—GeO.sub.2 binary glass system composition diagram as shown in FIG. 2.

[0140] When x was 25.7 and y was 74.3, i.e., the target glass was 25.7 mol % Li.sub.2O-74.3 mol % GeO.sub.2, a composition coordinate of the target glass was found in FIG. 2. The coordinate was located between Li.sub.2O.2GeO.sub.2 and Li.sub.2O.4GeO.sub.2 in FIG. 2, and glassy Li.sub.2O.2GeO.sub.2 and Li.sub.2O.4GeO.sub.2 were structural genes of the glass formed by 25.7 mol % Li.sub.2O-74.3 mol % GeO.sub.2.

[0141] A density and a refractive index of the above-described target glass were calculated according to a leverage model formula of the binary glass system P.sub.0=P1×L1+P2×L2, wherein P1 was a density or a refractive index of Li.sub.2O.2GeO.sub.2, P2 was a density or a refractive index of Li.sub.2O.4GeO.sub.2, and a density and a refractive index of each glassy compound in Li.sub.2O—GeO.sub.2 and Na.sub.2O—GeO.sub.2 binary glass systems were obtained by experiments, which were shown in Table 1. L1 was a content of Li.sub.2O.2GeO.sub.2 in the target glass, L2 was a content of Li.sub.2O.4GeO.sub.2 in the target glass. L1 was 42.75 and L2 was 57.25 by calculating. The densities of Li.sub.2O.2GeO.sub.2 and Li.sub.2O.4GeO.sub.2 in the Table, i.e. P1 and P2, were substituted into the formula to obtain that P.sub.0=3.8523, and an experimental value of the density of the target glass 25.7 mol % Li.sub.2O-74.3 mol % GeO.sub.2 was 3.8612. Similarly, the refractive indexes of Li.sub.2O.4GeO.sub.2 and Li.sub.2O.2GeO.sub.2 in Table 1 were substituted into the formula as P1 and P2 to obtain that a predicted value of the refractive index of the target glass 25.7 mol % Li.sub.2O-74.3 mol % GeO.sub.2 was 1.694 by calculating.

TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Glassy compound Density (g/cm.sup.3) Refractive index GeO.sub.2 3.667 1.608 Li.sub.2O•2GeO.sub.2 3.51 1.657 Li.sub.2O•4GeO.sub.2 4.108 1.721 2Na.sub.2O•9GeO.sub.2 4.10 1.683 Na.sub.2O•2GeO.sub.2 3.58 1.630 Na.sub.2O•GeO.sub.2 3.31 —

[0142] When a series of different values of x and y were taken, predicted values of densities and predicted values of refractive indexes of Li.sub.2O—GeO.sub.2 binary glass systems with various compositions were calculated and compared with densities and refractive indexes of Li.sub.2O—GeO.sub.2 binary glass systems with corresponding compositions obtained by experiments. Results were shown in FIG. 3. It can be seen from FIG. 3 that the predicted values of the densities and the predicted values of the refractive indexes of the Li.sub.2O—GeO.sub.2 binary glass systems calculated according to the above-described methods have an relative error within 5% in comparison to the experimental values, which demonstrates that the methods for predicting the density and the refractive index of the binary glass system are effective. The density of the glass was measured by a drainage method, and the refractive index was measured by a Metricon 2010 prism coupler.

Embodiment 2 Na.SUB.2.O—GeO.SUB.2 .Binary Glass System

[0143] Target glass was: x mol % Na.sub.2O-y mol % GeO.sub.2

[0144] Methods for predicting a density and a refractive index of the Na.sub.2O—GeO.sub.2 binary glass system were basically the same as those in Embodiment 1, except that the glass system was different, and a glass system composition diagram thereof was shown in FIG. 4.

[0145] When a series of different values of x and y were taken, predicted values of densities and predicted values of refractive indexes of Na.sub.2O—GeO.sub.2 binary glass systems with various compositions were calculated and compared with densities and refractive indexes of Na.sub.2O—GeO.sub.2 binary glass systems with corresponding compositions obtained by experiments. Results were shown in FIG. 3. It can be seen from FIG. 3 that the predicted values of the densities and the predicted values of the refractive indexes of the Na.sub.2O—GeO.sub.2 binary glass systems calculated according to the above-described methods have an relative error within 5% in comparison to the experimental values, which demonstrates that the methods for predicting the density and the refractive index of the binary glass system are effective. The density of the glass was measured by a drainage method, and the refractive index was measured by a Metricon 2010 prism coupler.

Embodiment 3 GeO.SUB.2.—BaO—La.SUB.2.O.SUB.3 .Ternary Glass System

[0146] Target glass was: x mol % GeO.sub.2-y mol % BaO-z mol % La.sub.2O.sub.3 (x≥56 mol %, y≤50 mol % and z≤20 mol %)

[0147] The GeO.sub.2—BaO—La.sub.2O.sub.3 glass system is an important germanate glass matrix material. The germanate glass has attracted much attention in the field of mid-infrared fiber lasers because of having advantages such as good mid-infrared transmittance, low phonon energy, and high solubility of rare earth ions, and is an important laser glass material. The GeO.sub.2—BaO—La.sub.2O.sub.3 glass system was researched by the method for performance prediction of the ternary glass system in the following embodiment.

[0148] Any two of components GeO.sub.2, BaO and La.sub.2O.sub.3 were combined to obtain a GeO.sub.2—BaO binary composition system, a GeO.sub.2—La.sub.2O.sub.3 binary composition system and a BaO—La.sub.2O.sub.3 binary composition system. According to the steps S00 to S40, stable compounds in the GeO.sub.2—BaO binary composition system, including GeO.sub.2, BaO.4GeO.sub.2, BaO.GeO.sub.2, 2BaO.GeO.sub.2 and BaO, and stable compounds in the GeO.sub.2—La.sub.2O.sub.3 binary composition system, including La.sub.2O.sub.3 and La.sub.2O.sub.3.GeO.sub.2, were obtained respectively, and no stable compound existed in the BaO—La.sub.2O.sub.3 binary composition system.

[0149] The components GeO.sub.2, BaO and La.sub.2O.sub.3 were combined to obtain a GeO.sub.2—BaO—La.sub.2O.sub.3 ternary composition system. For the four atoms in the ternary composition system, a range of the structural search was determined to be Ge: 1-5, Ba: 1-5, La: 1-5, O: 1-10. First principle structural search software and calculation software were used to perform high-throughput structural search to search out compounds that can be formed by the atoms Ge, Ba, La and O, and calculate formation energies and phonon spectrums of the compounds.

[0150] The formation energies and the phonon spectrums of the compounds that can be formed by atoms Ge, Ba, La and O were compared with the formation energies and the phonon spectrums of GeO.sub.2, BaO.4GeO.sub.2, BaO.GeO.sub.2, 2BaO.GeO.sub.2, BaO, La.sub.2O.sub.3 and La.sub.2O.sub.3.GeO.sub.2. According to comparison results, no stable compound existed in the compounds that can be formed by the atoms Ge, Ba, La and O.

[0151] A composition triangle was drawn by taking GeO.sub.2, BaO and La.sub.2O.sub.3 as vertexes, coordinates of all the stable compounds (A: GeO.sub.2, B: BaO.4GeO.sub.2, C: BaO.GeO.sub.2, D: 2BaO.GeO.sub.2, E: BaO, F: La.sub.2O.sub.3, and G: La.sub.2O.sub.3.GeO.sub.2) were marked in the composition triangle. Using A, B, C, D, E, F, G as vertexes, a triangular region was divided according to the minimum area principle to obtain a ternary glass system composition diagram, as shown in FIG. 5.

[0152] When x was 70, y was 20 and z was 10, i.e., a target glass 1 was 70 mol % GeO.sub.2-20 mol % BaO-10 mol % La.sub.2O.sub.3, a composition coordinate of the target glass 1 was found in FIG. 5. The coordinate was located in ΔBCG, and structural genes of the target glass were glassy BaO.4GeO.sub.2, BaO.GeO.sub.2 and La.sub.2O.sub.3.GeO.sub.2.

[0153] A density of the target glass above was calculated according to a leverage model formula of the ternary glass system P.sub.0=P1×L1+P2×L2+P3×L3, wherein P1 was a density of BaO.4GeO.sub.2, P2 was a density of BaO.GeO.sub.2, P3 was a density of La.sub.2O.sub.3.GeO.sub.2. A density of each glassy compound in the GeO.sub.2—BaO—La.sub.2O.sub.3 ternary glass system obtained by experiments was as shown in Table 2. It can be seen from Table 2 that P1 was 5.15 g/cm.sup.3, P2 was 5.06 g/cm.sup.3, and P3 was 5.88 g/cm.sup.3. L1 was a content of BaO.4GeO.sub.2 in the target glass, which was 66.67% by calculating, L2 was a content of BaO.GeO.sub.2 in the target glass, which was 13.33% by calculating, and L3 was a content of La.sub.2O.sub.3.GeO.sub.2 in the target glass, which was 20% by calculating. The values were substituted into the formula P.sub.0=5.15 g/cm.sup.3×66.67%+5.06 g/cm.sup.3×13.33%+5.88 g/cm.sup.3×20%=5.231 g/cm.sup.3.

TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Glassy compound Density (g/cm.sup.3) BaO 5.72 GeO.sub.2 3.667 BaO•4GeO.sub.2 5.15 BaO•GeO.sub.2 5.06 2BaO•GeO.sub.2 5.8 La.sub.2O.sub.3•GeO.sub.2 5.88 La.sub.2O.sub.3 6.57

[0154] When a series of different values of x, y and z were taken, predicted values of densities of GeO.sub.2—BaO—La.sub.2O.sub.3 ternary glass systems with various compositions were calculated and compared with densities of GeO.sub.2—BaO—La.sub.2O.sub.3 ternary glass systems with corresponding compositions obtained by experiments to calculate relative errors. Results were shown in Table 3. It can be seen from Table 3 that the predicted values of the glass systems calculated according to the above-described method have a relative error within 5% in comparison with experimental values, which demonstrates that the method for predicting the density of the ternary glass system is effective.

TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Glass composition Glassy compound composition Density (g/cm.sup.3) (mol %) (mol %) Experimental Predicted Relative GeO.sub.2 BaO La.sub.2O.sub.3 BaO•4GeO.sub.2 BaO•GeO.sub.2 La.sub.2O.sub.3•GeO.sub.2 value value error (%) 70 20 10 66.67 13.33 20 5.092 5.231 2.72 55 40 5 16.67 73.33 10 5.038 5.144 2.10 65 30 5 50 40 10 5.012 5.147 2.69 75 20 5 83.33 6.67 10 4.963 5.150 3.77 65 20 15 50 20 30 5.222 5.311 1.70 65 25 10 50 30 20 5.092 5.229 2.69 55 35 10 16.67 63.33 20 5.157 5.226 1.33 72.5 20 7.5 75 10 15 5.021 5.191 3.38 67.5 25 7.5 58.33 26.67 15 5.041 5.189 2.93 67.5 20 12.5 58.33 16.67 25 5.156 5.271 2.23 50 45 5 0 90 10 5.1 5.142 0.82 GeO.sub.2 BaO•4GeO.sub.2 La.sub.2O.sub.3•GeO.sub.2 85 10 5 40 50 10 4.751 4.630 −2.55 80 5 15 45 25 30 5.141 4.702 −8.55 75 15 10 5 75 20 5.042 5.222 3.57 82.5 10 7.5 35 50 15 4.882 4.740 −2.90 77.5 10 12.5 25 50 25 5.12 4.962 −3.09

[0155] Based on the above-described method for predicting the density, refractive indexes of the GeO.sub.2—BaO—La.sub.2O.sub.3 ternary glass systems with various compositions can also be effectively predicted by replacing the density with the refractive index. The density of the glass was measured by a drainage method, and the refractive index was measured by a Metricon 2010 prism coupler.

Embodiment 4

[0156] Target glass was: x mol % GeO.sub.2-y mol % BaO-z mol % La.sub.2O.sub.3-(1-x-y-z)Tm.sub.2O.sub.3 (x≥56 mol %, y≤50 mol % and z≤20 mol %)

[0157] Tm.sup.3+ doped germanate glass, xGeO.sub.2-yBaO-zLa.sub.2O.sub.3-(1-x-y-z)Tm.sub.2O.sub.3 (x≥56 mol %, y≤50 mol % and z≤20 mol %), is an important laser glass material. A luminescent property of the Tm.sup.3+ doped xGeO.sub.2-yBaO-zLa.sub.2O.sub.3 glass was researched according to the method for performance prediction of the ternary glass system. The luminescent property is a luminescent property of .sup.3F.sub.4.fwdarw..sup.3H.sub.6 energy level transition of Tm.sup.3+ ions, including a fluorescence full width at half maximum, an effective line width and a peak emission cross-section of .sup.3F.sub.4.fwdarw..sup.3H.sub.6 transition of rare earth ion Tm.sup.3+ ions in the glass, as well as absorption cross-sections of the Tm.sup.3+ ion at 790 nm and 1610 nm.

[0158] Tm.sub.2O.sub.3 was used as a doping component, and the xGeO.sub.2-yBaO-zLa.sub.2O.sub.3-(1-x-y-z)Tm.sub.2O.sub.3 glass system was equivalent to the GeO.sub.2—BaO—La.sub.2O.sub.3 ternary glass system. An x mol % GeO.sub.2-y mol % BaO-z mol % La.sub.2O.sub.3-(1-x-y-z)Tm.sub.2O.sub.3 glass system composition diagram was obtained based on the same method in the Embodiment 3, as shown in FIG. 5. Similarly, structural genes of the target glass were found based on the same method. Structural genes of a target glass 2 which was 69.2 mol % GeO.sub.2-10 mol % BaO-20 mol % La.sub.2O.sub.3-0.8 mol % Tm.sub.2O.sub.3 were glassy GeO.sub.2, BaO.4GeO.sub.2 and La.sub.2O.sub.3.GeO.sub.2.

[0159] The luminescent property of the above-described target glass was calculated according to a leverage model formula of the ternary glass system P.sub.0=P1×L1+P2×L2+P3×L3, wherein P1 was a luminescent property of GeO.sub.2, P2 was a luminescent property of BaO.4GeO.sub.2, and P3 was a luminescent property of La.sub.2O.sub.3.GeO.sub.2; and L1 was a content of GeO.sub.2 in the target glass, which was 9.2% by calculating, L2 was a content of BaO.4GeO.sub.2 in the target glass, which was 50% by calculating, and L3 was a content of La.sub.2O.sub.3.GeO.sub.2 in the target glass, which was 40% by calculating. a luminescence property, a fluorescence full width at half maximum, an effective line width, an absorption cross-section at 790 nm, an absorption cross-section at 1610 nm, and a peak emission cross-section of each glassy compound in the Tm.sub.2O.sub.3 doped GeO.sub.2—BaO—La.sub.2O.sub.3 ternary glass system obtained by experiments were as shown in Table 4. Luminescence property data of each glassy compound in Table 4 were substituted into the formula to obtain a fluorescence full width at half maximum, an effective line width, an absorption cross-section at 790 nm, an absorption cross-section at 1610 nm, and a peak emission cross-section of the 69.2 mol % GeO.sub.2-10 mol % BaO-20 mol % La.sub.2O.sub.3-0.8 mol % Tm.sub.2O.sub.3 glass system by calculating.

TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Fluorescence Absorption Absorption Peak emission full width at half Effective cross-section at cross-section at cross-section Glassy maximum line width 790 nm (10.sup.−21 1610 nm (10.sup.−21 (10.sup.−21 compound (FWHM) (nm) cm.sup.2) cm.sup.2) cm.sup.2) GeO.sub.2 238.16 246.16 9.33 3.09 6.77 BaO•4GeO.sub.2 230.35 260.42 6.72 2.48 4.60 BaO•GeO.sub.2 213.06 250.26 3.78 1.32 2.94 La.sub.2O.sub.3•GeO.sub.2 345.81 307.45 8.64 4.53 8.38

[0160] Similarly, luminescence properties of x mol % GeO.sub.2-y mol % BaO-z mol % La.sub.2O.sub.3-(1-x-y-z)Tm.sub.2O.sub.3 glass systems with various compositions were calculated based on the same method when a series of different values of x, y and z were taken, and were compared with luminescence properties of glasses with corresponding compositions obtained by experiments to calculate relative errors. Results were shown in Tables 5 and Table 6. It can be seen from Table 5 and Table 6 that the predicted values of the glass systems calculated by the method above have a relative error within 11% compared with experimental values, which demonstrates that the method for predicting the luminescent property of the ternary glass system is effective.

TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 Fluorescence full width at half Effective line width Glass oxide Glassy compound composition maximum (FWHM) (nm) composition of congruent fusion Relative Relative (mol %) (mol %) Experimental Predicted error Experimental Predicted error GeO.sub.2 BaO La.sub.2O.sub.3 GeO.sub.2 BaO•4GeO.sub.2 La.sub.2O.sub.3•GeO.sub.2 value value (%) value value (%) 69.2 10 20 9.2 50 40 252.64 275.41 9.01 263.68 275.83 4.61 79.2 5 15 44.2 25 30 250.25 266.59 6.53 259.89 266.14 2.41 84.2 10 5 39.2 50 10 246.41 243.11 −1.34 261.38 257.45 −1.50 79.2 15 5 14.2 75 10 248.66 241.16 −3.02 264.08 261.01 −1.16 BaO•4GeO.sub.2 BaO•GeO.sub.2 La.sub.2O.sub.3•GeO.sub.2 69.2 20 10 65.33 13.87 20 245.06 249.20 1.69 260.66 266.33 2.18 59.2 30 10 32 47.2 20 244.97 243.43 −0.63 264.46 262.94 −0.57 59.2 25 15 32 37.2 30 251.34 256.71 2.14 266.97 268.66 0.64 69.2 15 15 65.33 3.87 30 251.92 262.47 4.19 264.41 272.05 2.89

TABLE-US-00006 TABLE 6 Absorption cross- Absorption cross- Peak emission section at 790 nm section at 1610 nm cross-section (10.sup.−21 cm.sup.2) (10.sup.−21 cm.sup.2) (10.sup.−21 cm.sup.2) Glass oxide Glassy compound Rela- Rela- Rela- composition composition Exper- Pre- tive Exper- Pre- tive Exper- Pre- tive (mol %) (mol %) imental dicted error imental dicted error imental dicted error GeO.sub.2 BaO La.sub.2O.sub.3 GeO.sub.2 BaO•4GeO.sub.2 La.sub.2O.sub.3•GeO.sub.2 value value (%) value value (%) value value (%) 79.2 10 10 29.2 50 20 7.29 7.81 7.15 2.86 3.05 6.60 5.38 5.95 10.63 69.2 10 20 9.2 50 40 7.13 7.67 7.62 3.11 3.34 7.31 — 6.27 79.2 5 15 44.2 25 30 8.12 8.40 3.41 3.23 3.35 3.56 6.21 6.65 7.15 84.2 10 5 39.2 50 10 8.16 7.88 3.45 3.17 2.90 8.24 5.83 5.79 0.67 79.2 15 5 14.2 75 10 7.42 7.23 2.63 2.79 2.75 1.28 5.18 5.25 1.35 BaO•4GeO.sub.2 BaO•GeO.sub.2 La.sub.2O.sub.3•GeO.sub.2 59.2 30 10 32 47.2 20 6.23 5.66 9.12 2.48 2.32 6.34 4.45 4.54 1.95 59.2 25 15 32 37.2 30 6.01 6.15 2.30 2.42 2.64 9.26 4.87 5.08 4.31 69.2 15 15 65.33 3.87 30 7.05 7.13 1.08 2.91 3.03 4.17 5.19 5.63 8.54 74.2 20 5 82 7.2 10 7.10 6.64 6.48 2.74 2.58 5.82 5.03 4.82 4.11 64.2 30 5 48.67 40.53 10 5.56 5.67 1.85 2.14 2.20 2.43 3.85 4.27 10.91 5.42 40 5 15.33 73.87 10 4.76 4.69 1.49 1.92 1.81 6.00 4.14 3.72 10.23 49.2 45 5 2.4 86.8 10 4.71 4.31 8.54 1.52 1.66 9.04 3.210 3.50 9.10

[0161] The experimental values in Table 5 and Table 6 were obtained by experiments, glass samples prepared by fusing and cooling were ground and polished to a size of 20 mm×10 mm×1.5 mm for a spectrum test, an absorption spectrum was tested by a Perkin-ElmerL1 mbda900UV/VIS/NIR spectrophotometer, and a fluorescence spectrum was tested by a TRIAX320 fluorescence spectrometer (J-Y Company, France) under 808 pumping. A lifetime of the rare earth ions was obtained by a fluorescence intensity signal changed with time detected by an oscilloscope, and a lifetime of the fluorescence was a period of time that it took for a fluorescence intensity decayed to e.sup.−1 of the highest intensity. All the tests were performed at a room temperature. Based on the tests, a calculation formula of the effective line width was:

[00001]$\begin{array}{cc}\Delta {\lambda }_{\mathrm{eff}}=\int \frac{I\left(\lambda \right)d\lambda }{I_{\max }},& \left(1\right)\end{array}$

[0162] in the formula, Δλ.sub.eff was the effective line width, I.sub.max was a maximum light intensity in an emission spectrum, and I(λ)dλ was a product of the light intensity and a wavelength. The fluorescence full width at half maximum can be directly obtained from the emission spectrum. Based on the absorption spectrum, the absorption cross-section was calculated using a Beer-Lambert equation, and a calculation formula was:

[00002]$\begin{array}{cc}{\sigma }_a=\frac{2.303\lg \left(I_0/I\right)}{Nl},& \left(2\right)\end{array}$

[0163] wherein lg(I.sub.0/I) was an absorption rate (also called an optical density) in the case of a certain light wavelength, N was a concentration of the rare earth ions in the glass, and l was a thickness of the glass. A calculation formula of the peak emission cross-section was:

[00003]$\begin{array}{cc}{\sigma }_p\left({\lambda }_p\right)=\frac{{\lambda }_p^4}{8\pi {\mathrm{cn}}^2{\lambda }_{\mathrm{eff}}}A,& \left(3\right)\end{array}$

[0164] wherein λ.sub.p was a peak wavelength, c was a speed of light in vacuum (3×10.sup.8), n was a refractive index of the glass, Δλ.sub.eff was the effective line width, A was a probability of radiative transition, and A is calculated by a Judd-Ofelt theory.

Embodiment 5 Na.SUB.2.O—MgO—P.SUB.2.O.SUB.5 .Ternary Glass System

[0165] Methods for predicting a density and a refractive index of the Na.sub.2O—MgO—P.sub.2O.sub.5 ternary glass system were basically the same as those in Embodiment 3, except that the glass system was different. Predicted values of the glass systems have a relative error within 5% in comparison to the experimental values, which demonstrates that the methods for predicting the density and the refractive index of the ternary glass system are effective.

Embodiment 6 TeO.SUB.2.—BaO—Li.SUB.2.O Ternary Glass System

[0166] Methods for predicting a density and a refractive index of the TeO.sub.2—BaO—Li.sub.2O ternary glass system were basically the same as those in Embodiment 3, except that the glass system was different. Predicted values of the glass systems have a relative error within 5% in comparison to the experimental values, which demonstrates that the methods for predicting the density and the refractive index of the ternary glass system are effective.

Embodiment 7 SiO.SUB.2.—B.SUB.2.O.SUB.3.—Al.SUB.2.O.SUB.3.Ternary Glass System

[0167] Methods for predicting a density and a refractive index of the SiO.sub.2—B.sub.2O.sub.3—Al.sub.2O.sub.3 ternary glass system are basically the same as those in the Embodiment 3, except that the glass system is different. Predicted values of the glass systems have a relative error within 5% in comparison to the experimental values, which demonstrates that the methods for predicting the density and the refractive index of the ternary glass system are effective.

[0168] The methods for performance prediction of the binary and ternary glass systems provided by the present invention can be extended to a quaternary glass system, a quinary glass system and even a glass system with more components, such as a SiO.sub.2—B.sub.2O.sub.3—CaO—Al.sub.2O.sub.3 glass system.

[0169] All the technical features of the above-described embodiments can be arbitrarily combined. In order to simplify the description, not all possible combinations of each of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combinations of these technical features, these combinations should be considered as the scope recorded in this specification.

[0170] The above-described embodiments only express several implementations of the present invention, which are described more specifically and in details, but the embodiments cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be pointed out that several modifications and improvements can be made by those skilled in the art without deviating from the concept of the present invention, and all the modifications and improvements shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the appended claims.