POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM FOR A WATER-BOUND DEVICE

Abstract

A power supply system for a water-bound device and to an operating method, the water-bound device having an electric shaft and in particular a first zone and a second zone, the system includes: a first DC voltage bus for a first DC voltage and a second DC voltage bus for a second DC voltage; a first energy source and a second energy source, the first energy source being provided in the first zone for supplying at least one DC voltage bus of the at least two DC voltage buses, and the second energy source being provided in the second zone for supplying at least one DC voltage bus of the at least two DC voltage buses, the energy supply system being structured at least partially in a zone-dependent manner.

Claims

1. A power supply system for a water-bound facility, comprising: an electrical shaft, wherein the electrical shaft is connectable to a first DC voltage bus for a first DC voltage and to a second DC voltage bus for a second DC voltage, wherein the electrical shaft comprises at least one variable-speed generator, driven by an internal combustion engine, for producing a motor voltage having variable amplitude and variable frequency and at least one variable-speed drive motor that is supplied with this motor voltage and coupled to a propulsion unit.

2. The power supply system for a water-bound facility as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water-bound facility has a first zone and a second zone, having a first power source and having a second power source, wherein the first power source in the first zone is intended to feed at least one DC voltage bus of the at least two DC voltage buses and wherein the second power source in the second zone is intended to feed at least one DC voltage bus of the at least two DC voltage buses, wherein at least part of the power supply system is subdivided in zone-dependent fashion.

3. The power supply system as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least one of the DC voltage buses is able to be in the form of a ring bus.

4. The power supply system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first DC voltage bus is intended for a first DC voltage and the second DC voltage bus is intended for a second DC voltage, the first DC voltage being higher than the second DC voltage.

5. The power supply system as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least one of the DC voltage buses is intended to extend via at least two zones.

6. The power supply system as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least one of the DC voltage buses has sections, the sections being zone-related.

7. The power supply system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first power source in the first zone is intended to feed the first DC voltage bus and the second DC voltage bus.

8. The power supply system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first DC voltage bus is intended to feed the second DC voltage bus.

9. The power supply system as claimed in claim 1, wherein different electrical shafts are in different zones.

10. The power supply system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the internal combustion engine is a gas turbine.

11. A method for operating a power supply system of a water-bound facility, the method comprising: transporting electrical power from a low-voltage DC voltage bus to a higher-voltage DC voltage bus in order to supply at least one electrical shaft with electrical power.

12. The method as claimed in claim 11, wherein the water-bound facility has a first zone and a second zone, wherein the water-bound facility has a first DC voltage bus for a first DC voltage and a second DC voltage bus for a second DC voltage, wherein the water-bound facility has a first power source and a second power source, electrical power being transferred from the first zone to the second zone or from the second zone to the first zone.

13. A method for operating a power supply system of a water-bound facility as claimed in claim 1, the method comprising: transporting electrical power from a low-voltage DC voltage bus to a higher-voltage DC voltage bus in order to supply at least one electrical shaft with electrical power.

14. The power supply system as claimed in claim 6, wherein the power supply system is subdivided by the sections.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0090] The invention is described by way of illustration below with reference to figures. The same reference signs are used for units of the same type. In the figures:

[0091] FIG. 1 shows a ship with a first division into zones,

[0092] FIG. 2 shows a ship with a second division into zones,

[0093] FIG. 3 shows a ship with a third division into zones,

[0094] FIG. 4 shows a first circuit diagram for a power supply system,

[0095] FIG. 5 shows a second circuit diagram for a power supply system,

[0096] FIG. 6 shows a third circuit diagram for a power supply system,

[0097] FIG. 7 shows a fourth circuit diagram for a power supply system,

[0098] FIG. 8 shows a fifth circuit diagram for a power supply system,

[0099] FIG. 9 shows a sixth circuit diagram for a power supply system,

[0100] FIG. 10 shows a seventh circuit diagram for a power supply system,

[0101] FIG. 11 shows winding systems,

[0102] FIG. 12 shows an equivalent circuit,

[0103] FIG. 13 shows an eighth circuit diagram for a power supply system,

[0104] FIG. 14 shows a ninth circuit diagram for a power supply system,

[0105] FIG. 15A shows part A of a tenth circuit diagram for a power supply system,

[0106] FIG. 15B shows part B of the tenth circuit diagram for a power supply system, and

[0107] FIG. 16 to 24 show further configurations of power supply systems.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION

[0108] The depiction according to FIG. 1 shows a ship 101 with a first division into zones. The depiction shows a first zone 31, a second zone 32, a third zone 33 and a fourth zone 34. These zones are bounded by bulkheads 71 and a watertight deck 70.

[0109] The depiction according to FIG. 2 shows a ship 101 in a kind of plan view, with a second division into zones 31 to 39. The zones can also be divided into longitudinal zones 102 and transverse zones 103. A power supply system 100 extends via the zones. The power supply system has a first DC voltage bus 11 and a second DC voltage bus 12. The DC voltage buses 11 and 12 extend via the zones in different ways.

[0110] The depiction according to FIG. 3 shows a ship 100 with a third division into zones 31 to 39, the zones 37, 38 and 39 being central zones inside the ship and being bounded by further zones on the port side and the starboard side. The power supply system 100 has a first DC voltage bus 11 and a second DC voltage bus 12, the first DC voltage bus 11 being a medium-voltage bus and the second DC voltage bus 12 being a low-voltage bus, for example.

[0111] The depiction according to FIG. 4 shows a first circuit diagram for a power supply system 100. The depiction has a first zone 31, a second zone 32 and a third zone 33. The zones are marked by zone boundaries 105. The first zone 31 contains a first power source 21. The first power source 21 comprises a diesel engine 1 and a generator 5. The second zone 32 contains a second power source 22. The second power source 22 comprises a diesel engine 2 and a generator 6. A first DC voltage bus 11 extends both into the first zone 31 and into the second zone 32, and also into the third zone 33, and forms a ring bus. A second DC voltage bus 12 extends both into the first zone 31 and into the second zone 32, and also into the third zone 33, and also forms a ring bus. The first DC voltage bus 11 is at, or provides, a first DC voltage level 13. The second DC voltage bus 12 is at, or provides, a second DC voltage level 14. The first DC voltage bus 11 is divisible into sections 61 to 66. The division is accomplished by means of MV switching devices 81. The first DC voltage bus 11 is thus at a medium voltage. The second DC voltage bus 12 is also divisible into sections 61 to 66. The division is accomplished by means of LV switching devices 80. The second DC voltage bus 12 is thus at a low voltage. A three-phase bus (AC bus) 15 is able to be fed via the second DC voltage bus 12. Batteries 91 are also connected to the second DC voltage bus 12. The loads shown for the second DC voltage bus 12 are motors (asynchronous motors) 85, which are operable via inverters 93. For the purpose of feeding the DC voltage buses 11 and 12 there is provision in each case for a first feed 51, a second feed 52, a third feed 53 and a fourth feed 54. These feeds are feeding electrical connections for the DC buses. The generator 5 uses the first feed 51 to feed the first section 61, the first feed 51 comprising a rectifier 95 and a switch 84. The generator 5 uses the second feed 52 to feed the fourth section 64 of the first DC voltage bus 11. The second feed 52 in the first zone 31 likewise comprises a rectifier 96 and a switch 84. The third feed 53 comprises a medium-voltage transformer 105 and a rectifier 97. The third feed 53 feeds the first section 61 of the second DC voltage bus 12. The fourth feed 54 comprises a switch 84 and a DC/DC chopper 104. The fourth feed 54 therefore connects a section 64 of the first DC bus 11 to a section 61 of the second DC bus 12. In the second zone 32, the generator 6 is connected to the DC buses 11 and 12 in the same way via the feeds 1 to 4 as described in the first zone 31.

[0112] The depiction according to FIG. 5 shows a second circuit diagram for a power supply system 100. An enlarged detail is shown here in comparison with FIG. 4. In contrast to FIG. 4, FIG. 5 depicts a variation by showing a generator 5 that has only three feeding electrical connections 51, 53 and 54 to the DC buses 11 and 12.

[0113] The depiction according to FIG. 6 shows a third circuit diagram for a power supply system 100. It is shown here that the loads connected to the first DC voltage bus 11 can be ship drive motors 106, 107, which are each intended to drive a propeller 108. The motor 106 is double-fed via the inverters 93 and 94. The motor 107 is single-fed.

[0114] The depiction according to FIG. 7 shows a fourth circuit diagram, wherein the propellers 108 have two respective motors connected to them via a shaft system 43 for driving. Here too, the feed is provided via the DC voltage bus 11, but via different sections 61 and 64 of this bus.

[0115] The depiction according to FIG. 8 shows a fifth circuit diagram, wherein, besides four power sources 21 to 24 with a diesel engine, alternative power sources are also shown. A wind turbine 25 can be one power source. A shore terminal 26 can be one power source, or else a photovoltaic installation 27.

[0116] The depiction according to FIG. 9 shows a generator system 10 having two generators 7 and 8, which are stiffly coupled via a shaft system 43. The generator 7 here has a low-voltage winding system and the generator 8 has a medium-voltage winding system. The generator 7 is used to feed a low-voltage DC bus 12 and the generator 8 is used to feed a medium-voltage DC bus 11.

[0117] The depiction according to FIG. 10 shows a multi-winding system generator 9 that has at least two winding systems, a first winding system for a medium voltage and a second winding system for a low voltage. The first winding system is used to feed the first DC bus 11 on the medium-voltage level (MV) via a first feeding electrical connection 51. The second winding system is used to feed the second DC bus 12 on the low-voltage level (LV) via another feeding electrical connection 53.

[0118] The depiction according to FIG. 11 schematically shows the possible arrangements of windings in the stator of a multi-winding system generator. In a first variant, sections of the LV windings can be in grooves 44 situated next to one another and sections of the MV windings can be in grooves 45 situated next to one another. In a second variant, the MV windings and the LV windings can be in common grooves 46. In a third variant, the MV windings and the LV windings can alternately be in grooves 24 and 48.

[0119] The depiction according to FIG. 12 shows an equivalent circuit diagram for a D-axis of a multi-winding system generator.

[0120] The depiction according to FIG. 13 shows an eighth circuit diagram for a power supply system 100, it being shown how the generator 6 can feed the first DC voltage bus 11 via two different sections 61 and 64 and how this generator 6 can also feed the second DC voltage bus 12 via, in that case too, two different sections.

[0121] The depiction according to FIG. 14 shows how a generator in a zone (generator 5 in zone 31 and generator 6 in zone 32) is able to feed in each case two sections 61 and 62 of the first DC voltage bus 11 in different zones 31 and 32 and how this also applies to the second DC voltage bus 12.

[0122] The depiction according to FIG. 15 is split into two partial FIGS. 15A and 15B. Both combine a power supply system 100 that comprises four diesel engines 1, 2, 3 and 4 as part of the power sources 21, 22, 23 and 24 and shows that the power supply system is able to be extended or changed almost arbitrarily in accordance with the demands on the water-bound facility. As a result of the water-bound facility being located on a ship or a drilling rig, for example, it is operated entirely or predominantly as an island system.

[0123] The depictions according to FIGS. 16 to 23 show further examples and variants of power supply systems in particular on ships.

[0124] The depiction according to FIG. 24 shows a ship having three zones 31, 32 and 33. In the first zone 31, each of the generators 5 is driven by a respective internal combustion engine 1, e.g. a diesel engine. The operating motor 106 has a propulsion unit in the form of a variable-pitch propeller 108 mechanically coupled to it. A generator 5 and the internal combustion engine 1 driving it, and the variable-pitch propeller 108 and the operating motor 106 driving it, can additionally also have a mechanical gear unit connected between them, this not being depicted, however. As an alternative to the variable-pitch propeller, it is also possible for a non-adjustable propeller to be used.

[0125] In the third zone 33, each of the generators 6 is driven by a respective internal combustion engine 2, e.g. a diesel engine. The operating motor 107 has a propulsion unit in the form of a variable-pitch propeller 109 mechanically coupled to it. A generator 6 and the internal combustion engine 2 driving it, and the variable-pitch propeller 109 and the operating motor 107 driving it, can additionally also have a mechanical gear unit connected between them, this not being depicted, however. As an alternative to the variable-pitch propeller, it is also possible for a non-adjustable propeller to be used.

[0126] The operating motors 106 and 107 are ship drive motors, which are embodied in particular as medium-voltage motors.

[0127] The operating motor 106 is operated without an interposed converter at the voltage having variable amplitude and variable frequency that is produced by the generators 5, this making up the electrical shaft. The rotation rate of the operating motor 106 is dependent on the number of pole pairs thereof. The control and/or regulation of the speed of the operating motor 106 and hence of the variable-pitch propeller 108 is therefore effected indirectly by the control and/or regulation of the internal combustion engines 1 for driving the generators 5. A rotational movement of the internal combustion engine 1 or of the generators 5 therefore brings about a correspondingly proportional rotational movement of the operating motor 106. The function of a mechanical shaft is therefore replicated using electrical machines.

[0128] The operating motor 107 is operated without an interposed converter at the voltage having variable amplitude and variable frequency that is produced by the generators 6, this making up the electrical shaft. The rotation rate of the operating motor 107 is dependent on the number of pole pairs thereof. The control and/or regulation of the speed of the operating motor 107 and hence of the variable-pitch propeller 109 is therefore effected indirectly by the control and/or regulation of the internal combustion engines 2 for driving the generators 6. A rotational movement of the internal combustion engine 2 or of the generators 6 therefore brings about a correspondingly proportional rotational movement of the operating motor 107. The function of a mechanical shaft is therefore replicated using electrical machines.

[0129] The voltage having variable amplitude and variable frequency that is produced by the generators of an electrical drive shaft is additionally used to operate a respective onboard system converter 115, 116 that converts this variable voltage into a DC voltage for an LV DC bus 117 for the onboard system. There is a further internal combustion engine 3 for the onboard system, and a generator 7 assigned to said internal combustion engine, the output AC voltage of which generator can be converted into the LV DC voltage via a rectifier 118.