ANGULAR DISPLACEMENT DECODER AND METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION OF THE DEVICE
20220231582 · 2022-07-21
Assignee
Inventors
- Joao Paulo Pereira de Carvalho (Savannah, GA, US)
- Paulo Milheiro Caldas Paiv Monteiro (Ega, PT)
- Antonio Paulo Mendes Breda Dias Coimbra (Coimbra, PT)
- Tiago Filipe de Pinho Carrilho Goncalves (Covilha, PT)
Cpc classification
H02K5/04
ELECTRICITY
H02K11/01
ELECTRICITY
International classification
H02K11/01
ELECTRICITY
Abstract
An angular displacement decoder and a method of construction of the device is described. The decoder includes a designated rotor, the rotating part, as a partially metallized disk-shaped target, and a designated stator set, comprising a planar primary coil, as the source of excitation, and a plurality of planar secondary sensing coils, connected and disposed in an innovative manner, as sensing elements, distributed by a plurality of layers of a multilayer printed circuit board (PCB).
In particular embodiments, the planar secondary/sensing coils are disposed as duets, as triplets, or as quartets, each one disposed in a different layer of the multilayer PCB, and the planar primary/excitation coil is disposed in a proper and determined layer of the multilayer PCB, and the partially metallized disk-shaped that rotates around its axis of revolution, is disposed with an air gap at determined distance from the stator set.
Claims
1. An angular displacement decoder device and a method of construction of the device, comprising: a designated stator set, as a cylindrical stack, including a planar primary coil, as the source of excitation, designated as planar primary/excitation coil, a plurality of planar secondary coils, as sensing elements, designated as planar secondary/sensing coils, disposed and interconnected in the determined innovative manner described, a plurality of electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding layers, distributed by a plurality of layers of multilayer printed circuit boards (PCB), a shielded multi-conductor cable, and a thermoplastic case; a designated rotor set, as a rotating conductive partially metalized disk-shaped target, rotating relatively to designated stator set, having a shape and composition in form of an air gap between the designated rotor set and the designated stator set and to cause a variation in induction coupling (M) between the designated planar primary coil and planar secondary coils on designated stator set in response to a rotating position of designated rotor set, and where the designated planar primary/excitation coil is excited by a source of excitation comprising a source of time-varying periodic waveform, sinusoidal or non-sinusoidal waveform, for example, a square wave, whereby the time-varying output voltages from the planar secondary/sensing coils are immediately present, and where the designated planar secondary/sensing coils are based in different forms as duets, triplets, quartets, or even higher forms, as sets of two planar secondary/sensing coils, of three planar secondary/sensing coils, of four planar secondary/sensing coils respectively, or of higher order forms (for example, hexets) of planar secondary/sensing coils, as ways of obtaining different sensitivities, accuracies, precisions, linearities, and resolutions of the device, and where the designated rotor set, that comprises a rotating conductive target, as a partially metallized disk-shaped target where the conductive part has the shape of a circular sector that may have a multitude of center angles preferably, from but not restricted to, between 90° and 270°, and where the designated rotor set part, that comprises a rotating conductive partially metallized disk-shaped target where the conductive part is shaped as a circular sector, is the cause of variations in induction coupling (M) between the planar primary/excitation coils and the planar secondary/sensing coils due to Foucault currents effects, as a function of the overlap in designated stator set, in response to its current rotating position, with underlying variations of the induced time-varying differential voltages in planar secondary/sensing coils, and where the method for construction is through the deployment of five steps, as: (i) Choosing the desired number of phases of time-varying output voltages; (ii) Choosing the angle shifting between the phases of the time-varying output voltages; (iii) Choosing the factor of sensitivity (FS) of the device by computing the number of planar secondary/sensing coils; (iv) Distributing the planar secondary/sensing coils by the layers of the multilayer printed circuit board (PCB) in accordance with individual coils polarity voltages versus the relative position in the trigonometric circle to obtain the desired time-varying output voltages by each angular position; (v) Arranging the individual physical circuit of planar secondary/sensing coils addressed for obtaining the maximal symmetry relatively to the axis of revolution and the minimal use of vias, half-vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks, among the PCB layers.
2. The angular displacement decoder of claim 1, where the designated rotor set and the designated stator set are aligned perpendicularly with a common axis of revolution inside of the same delimitation line of the circumference of the entire decoder set, shaped as a cylindrical stack, formed by the different layers of the multilayer PCBs, where the partially metallized disk-shaped target that rotates around the same axis of revolution, is disposed with an air gap at determined distance from the stator set, where the designated rotor set part, that comprises a rotating conductive target, as a partially metallized disk-shaped target, is coupled to a gearing mechanism, or by another similar means, to a rotating body shaft, that is driven in rotation along its axis of revolution, and is part of a field application system that typifies the angular position-decoding systems for the computation of the displacement angles of rotating actuators in controlled or regulated mechanisms, and in metering devices.
3. The angular displacement decoder of claim 1, where the designated stator set part comprises a plurality of electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding layers which have the function of allowing the compliance with legal and regulatory requirements and of avoiding the electromagnetic and/or magnetic perturbations, either by susceptibility to emissions by external sources, both random from the electromagnetic environment, or intentional with the purpose of fraud, or to emissions by the device as the own source for the electromagnetic interference;
4. The angular displacement decoder of claim 1, where the designated stator set part comprises planar connection layers, as mean of interconnecting the different multilayer PCBs of the stator set part, a planar ground plan layer, a designated first electronic circuit layer, a designated second electronic circuit layer, a modular male connector and a modular female connector, and half-vias, for the standardization or customization of the time-varying output voltages for proper operation in a system application.
5. The angular displacement decoder of claim 1, further comprising a shielded multi-conductor cable used for bidirectional transmission of standardized digital data and for powering the device, that includes a sleeve sheath to preserve the mechanical integrity of the cable, a thermoplastic case that encapsulates all the parts of the device and a mechanical mean of fitting the device to a mechanical static part, of the field application system, such as, but not restricted to, a bi-adhesive tape layer, or screws.
6. An angular displacement decoder device, comprising: a designated stator set, as a cylindrical stack, including a planar primary coil as the source of excitation, designated as planar primary/excitation coil which is disposed in a determined number of layers of a multilayer PCB; a plurality of planar secondary coils as sensing elements, designated as planar secondary/sensing coils, in a form of a cylindrical stack, that comprises two phases of time-varying output voltages having a factor of sensitivity (FS) of two and an angle shifting between the phases of time-varying output voltages of 90°, the said secondary coils being disposed and interconnected in a determined innovative manner described in this patent, arranged in duets, the two coils being disposed symmetrically relatively to the axis of revolution (one rotated 180° relatively to the other), each duet of each phase of output voltages is disposed in one same layer of multilayer PCB, one phase of output voltage in one layer, another phase of output voltage in another layer, where the planar secondary/sensing coils are disposed in order to sense the desired coil output voltages with negative or positive magnitudes in a series circuit, in accordance with each relative quadrant where each planar secondary/sensing coil pertains on the trigonometric circle, and are connected in a way that final summation of the unitary contributions of all planar secondary/sensing coils equal to zero in the absence of the partially metallized disk-shaped target, and in which a first coil set of two duets is disposed in two different layers of the multilayer PCB, interconnected in such way, by including a series circuit of two clockwise secondary/sensing coils and two counterclockwise secondary/sensing coils, as to generate one-phase of time-varying output voltage designated V.sub.sin, and where a second coil set of two duets is disposed in another two different layers of the multilayer PCB, interconnected in another determined described way, by including a series circuit of one clockwise secondary/sensing coil, two counterclockwise secondary/sensing coils, an one more clockwise secondary/sensing coil, to generate another phase of time-varying output voltage designated V.sub.cos, as a function of the rotation angle θ of the partially metalized disk-shaped target, the two phases coils sets being arranged in such a manner that the time-varying output voltages are 90° phase-shifted (e.g. sinθ and sin(θ+90°), as characteristic of a resolver device, and where the first coil set of time-varying output voltage, designated V.sub.sin, is physically constructed through the secondary/sensing coils layers, with one voltage pole in the outer terminal of clockwise secondary/sensing coil A.sub.s.sup.+ on a first secondary/sensing coils PCB layer, interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the connections layer, that leads the time-varying output voltage designated V.sub.sin to standardization electronic circuits layers, and the inner terminal of secondary/sensing coil A.sub.s.sup.+ on the designated first secondary/sensing coils PCB layer, interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the outer terminal of clockwise secondary/sensing coil B.sub.s.sup.+ on the second secondary/sensing coils PCB layer, and the inner terminal interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the inner terminal of counterclockwise secondary/sensing coil C.sub.s.sup.− on the designed first secondary/sensing coils PCB layer, and the outer terminal interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the inner terminal of counterclockwise secondary/sensing coil DS on the designated second secondary/sensing coils PCB layer, and the outer terminal interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the connections layer, that leads the other voltage pole of the time-varying output voltage designated V.sub.sin to standardization electronic circuits, and where the second coil set of time-varying output voltage, designated V.sub.cos, is physically constructed through two other secondary/sensing coils layers, with one voltage pole in the outer terminal of clockwise secondary/sensing coil A.sub.c.sup.+ on a third secondary/sensing coils PCB layer, interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the connections layer, that leads the time-varying output voltage designated V.sub.cos to standardization electronic circuits layers, and the inner terminal of secondary/sensing coil A.sub.c.sup.+ on the designated third secondary/sensing coils PCB layer, interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the inner terminal of counterclockwise secondary/sensing coil on the fourth secondary/sensing coils PCB layer, and the outer terminal interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the inner terminal of counterclockwise secondary/sensing coil C.sub.c.sup.−, on the designated third secondary/sensing coils PCB layer, and the outer terminal interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the outer terminal of the clockwise secondary/sensing coil D.sub.c.sup.+ on the fourth secondary/sensing coils PCB layer, and the inner terminal interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the connections layer, that leads the other voltage pole of time-varying output voltage designated V.sub.cos to standardization electronic circuits layers; a plurality of electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding layers, distributed by a plurality of layers of multilayer printed circuit boards (PCB); a shielded multi-conductor cable; a thermoplastic case; and a designated rotor set, comprising a rotating conductive partially metallized disk-shaped target where the conductive part is shaped as a circular sector, rotating relatively to designated stator set, existing an air gap between the designated rotor set and the designated stator set, the said rotor causing a variation in induction coupling (M) between the designated planar primary coils and planar secondary coils on designated stator set in response to a rotating position of designated rotor set, which produces variations of the induced time-varying differential voltages in planar secondary/sensing coils, and where the said circular sector conductive part of the designated rotor may include a multitude of center angles, from but not restricted to, the range of 90° to 270°, and where the designated rotor set and the designated stator set are aligned perpendicularly with the same axis of revolution inside of the same delimitation line of the circumference of the entire decoder set, shaped as a cylindrical stack, formed by the different layers of the multilayer PCBs, where the partially metallized disk-shaped target rotates around the same axis of revolution, is disposed with an air gap at determined distance from the stator set.
7. The angular displacement decoder of the previous claim, where the designated planar primary/excitation coil is excited by a source of excitation, comprising a source of time-varying periodic waveform, whereby the time-varying output voltages from the planar secondary/sensing coils are immediately present.
8. The angular displacement decoder of claim 6, where the designated rotor set part, that comprises a rotating conductive target, as a partially metallized disk-shaped target, is coupled by a gearing mechanism, or by another similar means, to a rotating body shaft, that is driven in rotation along its axis of revolution, and can be part of a field application system that typifies the angular position-decoding systems for the computation of the displacement angles of rotating actuators in controlled or regulated mechanisms, and in metering devices.
9. The angular displacement decoder of claim 6, where the designated stator set part comprises planar connection layers, as mean of interconnecting the different multilayer PCBs of the stator set part, a planar ground plane layer, a designated first electronic circuit layer, a designated second electronic circuit layer, having a modular male connector and a modular female connector, and half-vias, for the standardization or customization of the time-varying output voltages for proper operation in a system application.
10. The angular displacement decoder of claim 6, comprising three sets of planar secondary/sensing coils producing three-phases of time-varying output voltages, and arranged in such a manner that the time-varying output voltages are 120° phase-shifted (e.g. sinθ, sin(θ+120°) and sin(θ+240°)).
11. An angular displacement decoder device, comprising: a designated stator set, as a cylindrical stack, including a planar primary coil, as the source of excitation, designated as planar primary/excitation coil which is disposed in a determined number of layers of a multilayer PCB; a plurality of planar secondary coils as sensing elements, designated as planar secondary/sensing coils, in a form of a cylindrical stack that comprises two phases of time-varying output voltages having a factor of sensitivity (FS) of three and an angle shifting between the phases of time-varying output voltages of 120°, the said secondary coils being disposed and interconnected in determined innovative manner described in this patent, arranged and disposed in triplets in each layer, with each one planar secondary/sensing coil rotated 120° with each other relatively to the axis of revolution, where two triplets generate one phase output voltage, and the other two triplets generate another phase output voltage, where the planar secondary/sensing coils are disposed in order to sense the desired coil output voltages with negative or positive magnitudes in a series circuit, in accordance with each relative quadrant where each planar secondary/sensing coil pertains on the trigonometric circle, and are connected in a way that final summation of the unitary contributions of all planar secondary/sensing coils is small in the absence of the partially metallized disk-shaped target, and in which a first coil set of two triplets is disposed in two different layers of the multilayer PCB, connected in such way, by including a series circuit of three clockwise secondary/sensing coils and three counterclockwise secondary/sensing coils, as to generate one-phase of time-varying output voltage designated V.sub.sin, and a second coil set of two triplets is disposed in another two different layers of the multilayer PCB, interconnected in another determined described way, by including a series circuit of one clockwise secondary/sensing coil, three counterclockwise secondary/sensing coils, and two more clockwise secondary/sensing coils, to generate another-phase of time-varying output voltage designated V.sub.cos, as a function of the rotation angle of the partially metallized disk-shaped target, the two phases coils sets being arranged in such a manner that the time-varying output voltages are 120° phase-shifted (e.g. sinθ and sin(θ+120°), as characteristic of a resolver device, and where the first coil set of time-varying output voltage designated V.sub.sin is physically constructed through the secondary/sensing coils layers, with one voltage pole in the inner terminal of clockwise secondary/sensing coil A.sub.s.sup.+ on a first secondary/sensing coil PCB layer, interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the connections layer, that leads the time-varying output voltage designated V.sub.sin to standardization electronic circuits layers, and the outer terminal of secondary/sensing coil A.sub.s.sup.+ on a same designated first secondary/sensing coils PCB layer, interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the inner terminal of clockwise secondary/sensing coil B.sub.s.sup.+ on a second secondary/sensing coils PCB layer, and the outer terminal interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the inner terminal of clockwise secondary/sensing coil C.sub.s.sup.+ on the designated first secondary/sensing coils PCB layer, and the outer terminal interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the inner terminal of counterclockwise secondary/sensing coil D.sub.s.sup.− on the designated second secondary/sensing coils PCB layer, and the outer terminal interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the inner terminal of counterclockwise secondary/sensing coil E.sub.s.sup.− on the designated first secondary/sensing coils PCB layer, and the outer terminal interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the inner terminal of counterclockwise secondary/sensing coil F.sub.s.sup.− on the designated second secondary/sensing coils PCB layer, and the outer terminal interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the connections layer, that leads the other voltage pole of time-varying output voltage designated V.sub.sin to standardization electronic circuits, and where the second coil set of time-varying output voltage designated V.sub.cos is physically constructed through the secondary/sensing coils layers, with one voltage pole in the inner terminal of clockwise secondary/sensing coil A.sub.c.sup.+ on a third secondary/sensing coils PCB layer, interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the connections layer, that leads the time-varying output voltage designated V.sub.cos to standardization electronic circuits layers, and the outer terminal of secondary/sensing coil A.sub.c.sup.+ on a same designated third secondary/sensing coils PCB layer, interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the inner terminal of the counterclockwise secondary/sensing coil B.sub.c.sup.− on a fourth secondary/sensing coils PCB layer, and the outer terminal interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the inner terminal of counterclockwise secondary/sensing coil C.sub.c.sup.− on the designated third secondary/sensing coils PCB layer, and the outer terminal interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the inner terminal of counterclockwise secondary/sensing coil D.sub.c.sup.− on the designated fourth secondary/sensing coils PCB layer, and the outer terminal interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the inner terminal of clockwise secondary/sensing coil E.sub.c.sup.+ on the designated third secondary/sensing coils PCB layer, and the outer terminal interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the inner terminal of clockwise secondary/sensing coil F.sub.c.sup.+ on the designated fourth secondary/sensing coils PCB layer, and the outer terminal interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the connections layer, that leads the other voltage pole of time-varying output voltage designated V.sub.cos to standardization electronic circuits layers; a plurality of electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding layers, distributed by a plurality of layers of multilayer printed circuit boards (PCB); a shielded multi-conductor cable; a thermoplastic case; and a designated rotor, comprising a rotating conductive partially metallized disk-shaped target where the conductive part is shaped as a circular sector, rotating relatively to designated stator set, existing an air gap between the designated rotor set and the designated stator set, said rotor causing a variation in induction coupling (M) between the designated planar primary coils and planar secondary coils on designated stator set in response to a rotating position of designated rotor set, which produces variations of the induced time-varying differential voltages in planar secondary/sensing coils, and where the said circular sector conductive part of the designated rotor may include a multitude of center angles, from but not restricted to, the range of 90° to 270°, and where the designated rotor set and the designated stator set that are aligned perpendicularly with the same axis of revolution inside of the same delimitation line of the circumference of the entire decoder set, shaped as a cylindrical stack, formed by the different layers of the multilayer PCBs, where the partially metallized disk-shaped target that rotates around the same axis of revolution, is disposed with an air gap at determined distance from the stator set.
12. The angular displacement decoder of claim 11, where the designated planar primary/excitation coil is excited by a source of excitation, comprising a source of time-varying periodic waveform, whereby the time-varying output voltages from the planar secondary/sensing coils are immediately present.
13. The angular displacement decoder of claim 11, where the designated rotor set part, which comprises a rotating conductive target, as a partially metallized disk-shaped target, is coupled by a gearing mechanism, or by another similar means, to a rotating body shaft, that is driven in rotation along its axis of revolution, and can be part of a field application system that typifies the angular position-decoding systems for the computation of the displacement angles of rotating actuators in controlled or regulated mechanisms, and in metering devices.
14. The angular displacement decoder of claim 11, where the designated stator set part comprises planar connection layers, as mean of interconnecting the different multilayer PCBs of the stator set part, a planar ground plane layer, a designated first electronic circuit layer, a designated second electronic circuit layer, having a modular male connector and a modular female connector, and half-vias, for the standardization or customization of the time-varying output voltages for proper operation in a system application.
15. The angular displacement decoder of claim 11, comprising three sets of planar secondary/sensing coils producing three-phases of time-varying output voltages, and arranged in such a manner that the time-varying output voltages are 120° phase-shifted (e.g. sinθ, sin(θ+120°) and sin(θ+240°)).
16. An angular displacement decoder device, comprising: a designated stator set, as a cylindrical stack, including a planar primary coil, as the source of excitation, designated as planar primary/excitation coil which is disposed in a determined number of layers of a multilayer PCB; a plurality of planar secondary coils, as sensing elements, designated as planar secondary/sensing coils, in a form of a cylindrical stack, that comprises two phases of time-varying output voltages having a factor of sensitivity (FS) of four and an angle shifting between the phases of time-varying output voltages of 90°, the said secondary coils being disposed and interconnected in determined innovative manner described in this patent, arranged and disposed in quartets by each layer, with each one planar secondary/sensing coil rotated 90° relatively to the axis of revolution, where two quartets generate one phase output voltage, and the other two quartets generate another phase output voltage, where the planar secondary/sensing coils are disposed in order to sense the desired coil output voltages with negative or positive magnitudes in a series circuit, in accordance with each relative quadrant where each planar secondary/sensing coil pertains on the trigonometric circle, and are connected in a way that final summation of the unitary contributions of all planar secondary/sensing coils equal to zero, in the absence of the partially metallized disk-shaped target, and in which a first coil set of two quartets is disposed in two different layers of the multilayer PCB, connected in such way, by including a series circuit of four clockwise secondary/sensing coils and four counterclockwise secondary/sensing coils, as to generate one-phase of time-varying output voltage designated V.sub.sin, and a second coil set of two quartets is disposed in another two different layers of the multilayer PCB, interconnected in another determined described way, by including a series circuit of two clockwise secondary/sensing coils, four counterclockwise secondary/sensing coils, an two more clockwise secondary/sensing coils, to generate another phase of time-varying output voltage designated V.sub.cos, as a function of the rotation angle of the partially metallized disk-shaped target, the two phases coils sets being arranged in such a manner that the time-varying output voltages are 90° phase-shifted (e.g. sinθ and sin(θ+90°), as characteristic of a resolver device, and where the first coil set of time-varying output voltage designated V.sub.sin that is physically constructed through the secondary/sensing coils layers, with one voltage pole in the outer terminal of clockwise secondary/sensing coil A.sub.s.sup.+ on a first secondary/sensing coils PCB layer, interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the connections layer, that leads the time-varying output voltage designated V.sub.sin to standardization electronic circuits layers, and the inner terminal of secondary/sensing coil A.sub.s.sup.+ on the designated first secondary/sensing coils PCB layer, interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the inner terminal of clockwise secondary/sensing coil A′.sub.s.sup.+ on a second secondary/sensing coils PCB layer, and the outer terminal interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the outer terminal of clockwise secondary/sensing coil B′.sub.s.sup.+ on the designated second secondary/sensing coils PCB layer, interconnected by the inner terminal by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the inner terminal of clockwise secondary/sensing coil B.sub.s.sup.+ on the designated first secondary/sensing coils PCB layer, and the outer terminal interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the outer terminal of counterclockwise secondary/sensing coil C.sub.s.sup.− on the designated first secondary/sensing coils PCB layer, whose inner terminal is interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the inner terminal of counterclockwise secondary/sensing coil C′.sub.s.sup.− on the designated second secondary/sensing coils PCB layer, and the outer terminal interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the outer terminal of counterclockwise secondary/sensing coil D′.sub.s.sup.− on the designated second secondary/sensing coils PCB layer, and the inner terminal interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the inner terminal of counterclockwise secondary/sensing coil D.sub.s.sup.− the designated first secondary/sensing coils PCB layer, and the outer terminal interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the connections layer, that leads the another voltage pole of time-varying output voltage designated V.sub.sin to standardization electronic circuits, and where the second coil set of time-varying output voltage designated V.sub.cos is physically constructed through another two secondary/sensing coils layers, with one voltage pole in the outer terminal of clockwise secondary/sensing coil A.sub.c.sup.+ on a third secondary/sensing coils PCB layer, interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the connections layer, that leads the time-varying output voltage designated V.sub.cos to standardization electronic circuits layers, and the inner terminal of secondary/sensing coil A.sub.c.sup.+ on the designated third secondary/sensing coils PCB layer, interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the inner terminal of clockwise secondary/sensing coil A′.sub.c.sup.+ on a fourth secondary/sensing coils PCB layer, and the outer terminal interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the outer terminal of counterclockwise secondary/sensing coil B′.sub.c.sup.− on the designated fourth secondary/sensing coils PCB layer, interconnected by the inner terminal by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the inner terminal of counterclockwise secondary/sensing coil B.sub.c.sup.− on the designated third secondary/sensing coils PCB layer, and the outer terminal interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the outer terminal of counterclockwise secondary/sensing coil C.sub.c.sup.−, on the designated third secondary/sensing coils PCB layer, interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the inner terminal of counterclockwise secondary/sensing coil C′.sub.c.sup.− on the designated fourth secondary/sensing coils PCB layer, and the outer terminal interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the outer terminal of clockwise secondary/sensing coil D′.sub.c.sup.+ on the designated fourth secondary/sensing coils PCB layer, and the inner terminal interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the inner terminal of clockwise secondary/sensing coil D.sub.c.sup.+ on a same designated third secondary/sensing coils PCB layer, and the outer terminal interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the connections layer, that leads the another voltage pole of time-varying output voltage designated V.sub.cos to standardization electronic circuits layers; a plurality of electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding layers, distributed by a plurality of layers of multilayer printed circuit boards (PCB); a shielded multi-conductor cable; a thermoplastic case; and a designated rotor, comprising a rotating conductive partially metallized disk-shaped target where the conductive part is shaped as a circular sector, rotating relatively to designated stator set, existing an air gap between the designated rotor set and the designated stator set, said rotor causing a variation in induction coupling (M) between the designated planar primary coils and planar secondary coils on designated stator set in response to a rotating position of the designated rotor set, which produces variations of the induced time-varying differential voltages in planar secondary/sensing coils, and where the said circular sector conductive part of the designated rotor may include a multitude of center angles, from but not restricted to, the range of 90° to 270°, and where the designated rotor set and the designed stator set that are aligned perpendicularly with the same axis of revolution inside of the same delimitation line of the circumference of the entire decoder set, shaped as a cylindrical stack, formed by the different layers of the multilayer PCBs, where the partially metallized disk-shaped target that rotates around the same axis of revolution, is disposed with an air gap at determined distance from the stator set.
17. The angular displacement decoder of claim 16, where the designated planar primary/excitation coil is excited by a source of excitation, comprising a source of time-varying periodic waveform, whereby the time-varying output voltages from the planar secondary/sensing coils are immediately present.
18. The angular displacement decoder of claim 16, where the designated rotor set part, that comprises a rotating conductive target as a partially metallized disk-shaped target, is coupled by a gearing mechanism, or by another similar means, to a rotating body shaft, that is driven in rotation along its axis of revolution, and can be part of a field application system that typifies the angular position-decoding systems for the computation of the displacement angles of rotating actuators in controlled or regulated mechanisms, and in metering devices.
19. The angular displacement decoder of claim 16, where the designated stator set part comprises planar connection layers, as mean of interconnecting the different multilayer PCBs of the stator set part, a planar ground plane layer, a designated first electronic circuit layer, a designated second electronic circuit layer, having a modular male connector and a modular female connector, and half-vias, for the standardization or customization of the time-varying output voltages for proper operation in a system application.
20. The angular displacement decoder of claim 16, comprising three sets of planar secondary/sensing coils producing three-phases of time-varying output voltages, and arranged in such a manner that the time-varying output voltages are 120° phase-shifted (e.g. sinθ, sin(θ+120°) and sin(θ+240°)).
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0105] For better understanding of the above, the prior art, and other features of the current invention, the related common or disclosed art and the preferred embodiments of the invention will be described in brief below with the reference to the illustrative drawings.
[0106] The illustrative drawings referred in this brief description should not be understood as being drawn to scale or to be complete relatively to any aspect, unless specifically noted.
[0107] In particular, the presented tables and charts are based on the simplifying assumption that each partial coil output is directly proportional to the percentage of its area non-covered by the partially metallized disk. For example, in
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0129] Now, detailed descriptions of various embodiments will be made, which are enlightened by examples in the enclosed drawings.
[0130] The several embodiments that are discussed herein are intended to cover variants and/or equivalents which may be included within the same scope as defined by the enclosed claims.
[0131] Moreover, plentiful specific details are defined in order to provide a careful understanding of the embodiments, thus they may be experienced without one or some of those specific details. Also, for simplicity, well-known methods and/or processes of the art are not described.
[0132] The used terms and definitions, including the technical and scientific ones used in several embodiments, even if not mentioned in some particular embodiments, are considered to be valid along all the embodiments that are part of this invention.
[0133] Also, unless defined otherwise, the terms and definitions used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one ordinary skilled in the art of this invention.
[0134] The terms and definitions defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as have a meaning that is coherent in the context of the important art and should not be interpreted in an idealized or exceedingly formal sense unless expressly defined herein in a different way.
[0135] The present invention provides a device for decoding an angular displacement of a rotating partially metallized disk-shaped target with improved sensitivity, accuracy, precision, linearity, and resolution of the inductive angular displacement decoder device which utilizes innovative multilayer planar coils arrangement and interconnection, by using multilayer printed circuit boards (PCB), in a form of a cylindrical stack.
[0136] The present invention provides an angular displacement decoder comprising multilayer planar coils, as a designated stator set, as comprising a planar primary coil, as the source of magnetic excitation, and a plurality of planar secondary coils, as sensing elements, distributed by a plurality of layers of a multilayer printed circuit board (PCB).
[0137] In several embodiments, the present invention provides a standard model for planar coil cylindrical stack assembly layouts, by using multilayer PCBs, to implement resolvers and synchro devices that can be used for decoding angular displacements.
[0138] The angular displacement decoder devices of the present invention can operate even in the case of small diameters of rotating conductive targets, for example, in the range of diameters as low as 10 mm, and/or in conditions of higher lengths of air gaps between rotating conductive targets and the stator, higher than 10 mm, with high sensitivity, accuracy, precision, linearity, and resolution, therefore obtaining measurable time-varying differential output voltages, which exempt the use of complex, expensive, and energy-consuming analog and/or digital conditioning and/or processing circuits, which can be disadvantageous in power-constrained and/or mass-market applications. These advantages are specially relevant for most of the field applications, when the rotating conductive targets have small diameters and the costs of multilayer PCBs are negligible when compared with the expensive costs of the complex analog and/or digital conditioning and/or processing circuits, even undervaluing the benefits of reducing the energy-consumptions of the whole device, relatively to other single or double-layered PCB implementations currently known in the art. For a better understanding of the present invention, together with other and further objects, advantages and capabilities thereof, reference is made to the following disclosure and appended claims taken in conjunction with the above-described drawings.
[0139] With reference to
[0140] With reference to
[0141] The rotating conductive target, as a partially metallized disk-shaped target 106, may be coupled by a gearing mechanism 127, or by another similar means, to a rotating body shaft 129, that is driven in rotation along its axis of revolution, and can be part of a field application system that typifies the angular position-decoding systems for the computation of the displacement angles of rotating actuators in controlled or regulated mechanisms, and/or in metering devices that can include a rotating indicator gauge that represents the quantity of a commodity that is being consumed. As an example of such application systems, the measuring of displacement angles of the azimuth and/or altitude of a dual-axis solar tracker system in photovoltaic solar systems, and the rotating indicator gauge that can represent the volume of water that is being consumed by each turn of revolution, in a water meter.
[0142] The rotating conductive target, as a partially metallized disk-shaped target 106, can include a multitude of center angles of the partially metalized disk-shaped target from 90° to 270°, exemplified as 107 (90°) and 108 (180°) while maintaining the adequate performance, namely high sensitivity, accuracy, precision, linearity, and resolution.
[0143] The designated stator set part 101 comprises a planar connection and EMI shielding layer 117, namely as mean of interconnecting the stator set part 101 to the stator set part 102, the primary/excitation coil layer 118, the planar secondary/sensing coils in layers 119, 120, 121, and 122, connected and disposed in innovative manner, as sensing elements, through the use of vias, half-vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks, in the PCB layer 123. The particular preferred embodiments, as described later in detail, will be based in the different forms of the planar secondary/sensing coils as duets, triplets, quartets, or higher forms, for example, as hexets, as ways of obtaining different sensitivities, accuracies, precisions, linearities, and resolutions.
[0144] In preferred embodiments, and in particularly in the designed stator set 101, shall be used the method for construction of the angular displacement decoder, of a rotating conductive target, as a partially metallized disk-shaped target, through the deployment of the following five steps: (i) choosing the desired number of phases of time-varying output voltages; (ii) choosing the angle shifting between the phases of the time-varying output voltages; (iii) choosing the factor of sensitivity (FS) of the device by computing the number of planar secondary/sensing coils (iv) disposing the planar secondary/sensing coils, distributed by the layers of the multilayer printed circuit board (PCB) and in accordance with individual coils polarity voltages versus the relative position in the trigonometric circle to obtain the desired time-varying output voltages by each angular position; (v) arrangement of individual physical circuit of planar secondary/sensing coils addressed through obtaining the maximal symmetry relatively to the axis of revolution and the minimal use of vias, half-vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks, among the PCB layers.
[0145] The designated stator set part 102 comprises planar connections and an EMI shielding layer 115, a mean of interconnecting the stator set part 102 to the stator set part 101, an EMI shielding layer 114, a planar ground plane layer 113, a first electronic circuit layer 112, symbolically represented by electronic components 130, by the half-vias 116, and by a modular male connector 111, for a standard connection to a system application.
[0146] The EMI shielding layers, namely 114, 115, and 117 have the function of allowing the compliance with legal and regulatory EMI requirements and of reducing the susceptibility to electromagnetic and/or magnetic perturbations to emissions by external sources, such as random from the electromagnetic environment, or intentional with the purpose of fraud, or to emissions by the device as the own source for the electromagnetic interference.
[0147] The designated stator set part 103, comprises a modular female connector, facing down, not shown, and a second electronic circuit layer 125, not shown, as a means of interconnecting the stator set part 103 to the stator set part 102, a third electronic circuit layer 103, symbolically represented by electronic components 110, for a standard connection in a system application.
[0148] With reference to
[0149] The planar primary/excitation coil 118 is powered by a periodic time-varying wave-generator (not shown), with a determined waveform, such as a square wave or a sinusoidal wave. As a consequence the time-varying output voltages from the planar secondary/sensing coils are immediately present, as will be described in detail later.
[0150] The mentioned rotor 106 and the mentioned stator set 101, 102, and 103 are aligned perpendicularly with the same axis of revolution inside of the same delimitation line of the circumference of the entire decoder set, shaped as a cylindrical stack 100, formed by the different layers of the multilayer PCBs, with diameter 128.
[0151] The rotor 106 comprises a rotating conductive target, as a partially metallized disk-shaped target shaped as a circular sector from 90° to 270°, exemplified as 107 (90°) and 108 (180°), so as to cause variations in induction coupling (M) between the planar primary/excitation coil 118 and the planar secondary/sensing coils 119, 120, 121, and 122 due to Foucault currents effects, as a function of the overlap in stator set, in response to its current rotating position, with underlying variations of the induced time-varying differential voltages in planar secondary/sensing coils 119, 120, 121, and 122.
[0152] In accordance with the common art of ratiometric measurement approach, two planar secondary/sensing coils can be interconnected to one another in series, and in phase opposition, relatively to one another, and the innermost terminals of each secondary coils may be used to measure the differential output voltage, that is function of the angular position of the rotating conductive target, as shown in
[0153] Therefore, with reference to
[0154] As following, it is demonstrated that the physical and electrical arrangements of the primary/excitation coil 211 and of the secondary/sensing coils 221, 222, 223, 224, 231, 232, 233, and 234 lead to the cancelation of the undesired voltage offsets among the different planar secondary/sensing coils.
[0155] Therefore, considering the ratiometric measurement approach, and implementing the analysis of the electric circuital meshes 220 and 230, in the condition of not-influence of the partially metallized disk-shaped target, whatever the value of the excitation source sin(ωt) 212, the value of V.sub.sin 225 and V.sub.cos 235 should be equal to zero.
[0156] However, as mentioned, the different distances of the secondary/sensing coils, in the different layers of the PCB, relatively to the primary/excitation coil, imply the obtaining of offset voltages Δv.sub.s between the secondary/sensing coils in layer 119 and layer 120, in the electric circuit of V.sub.sin 225, and offset voltages ΔV.sub.c between the secondary/sensing coils in layer 121 and layer 122, in the circuit of V.sub.cos 235. These offset voltages are canceled if the secondary/sensing coils are arranged in the innovative way described in this patent, as is shown next.
[0157] So, firstly computing V.sub.sin 225 by using the mesh's law, and considering the offsets ΔV.sub.sk (the offset voltages between the layers 119 and 120), the following expression is obtained:
V.sub.sin=V.sub.A.sub.
[0158] As {B, D} are in same layer, invoking circular symmetry, ΔV.sub.B.sub.
V.sub.sin=0.
[0159] A similar reasoning can be used to prove that V.sub.cos=0.
[0160] From the above results, it may be concluded that the innovative arrangement of the circuits of secondary/sensing coils and of PCB layers preserves the principle of the ratiometric measurement approach, resulting in a completely balanced electric circuit as it was positioned in the same layer of the PCB.
[0161] Again with reference to
[0162] The first coil set 220 of time-varying output voltage designated V.sub.sin 225 is physically constructed through the secondary/sensing coils layers 119, and 120, with one voltage pole in the outer turn terminal of clockwise secondary/sensing coil A.sub.s.sup.+ on PCB layer 119, interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the connections layer 117, that leads the time-varying output voltage designated V.sub.sin 225 to standardization electronic circuits on layers 102 and 103, and the inner terminal of secondary/sensing coil A.sub.s.sup.+ on PCB layer 119, interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the outer terminal of clockwise secondary/sensing coil B.sub.s.sup.+ on PCB layer 120, and the inner terminal interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the inner terminal of counterclockwise secondary/sensing coil C.sub.s.sup.− on PCB layer 119, and the outer terminal interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the inner terminal of counterclockwise secondary/sensing coil D.sub.s.sup.− on PCB layer 120, and the outer terminal interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the connections layer 117, that leads the another voltage pole of time-varying output voltage designated V.sub.sin 225 to standardization electronic circuits on layers 102 and 103.
[0163] The second coil set 230 of time-varying output voltage designated V.sub.cos 235 is physically constructed through the secondary/sensing coils layers 121, and 122, with one voltage pole in the outer turn terminal of clockwise secondary/sensing coil A.sub.c.sup.+ on PCB layer 121, interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the connections layer 117, that leads the time-varying output voltage designated V.sub.cos 235 to standardization electronic circuits on layers 102 and 103, and the inner terminal of secondary/sensing coil A.sub.c.sup.+ on PCB layer 121, interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the inner terminal of counterclockwise secondary/sensing coil B.sub.c.sup.− on PCB layer 122, and the outer terminal interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the inner terminal of counterclockwise secondary/sensing coil C.sub.c.sup.− on PCB layer 121, and the outer terminal interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the outer terminal of clockwise secondary/sensing coil D.sub.c.sup.+ on PCB layer 122, and the inner terminal interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the connections layer 117, that leads the another voltage pole of time-varying output voltage designated V.sub.cos 235 to standardization electronic circuits on layers 102 and 103.
[0164] The first coil set 220 and the second coil set 230 generate the two-phase of time-varying output voltages, designated V.sub.sin 225 and designated V.sub.cos 235, as characteristic of a resolver device, which in this case are arranged in such a manner that the time-varying output voltages are 90° phase-shifted (e.g. sinθ, and sin(θ+90°)).
[0165] In a particular embodiment, the primary/excitation coil 211 comprises five turns and the secondary/sensing coils 221, 222, 223, 224, 231, 232, 233, and 234 comprise six turns. Thus, the number of turns of the primary/excitation coil and of the secondary/sensing coils may be adjusted to particular variants.
[0166] With reference to
[0167] According to the present invention and the current embodiment, the rotation displacement decoder device has been described to have two-phases of time-varying output voltages as characteristically generated by a resolver, thus it can also be built to have three-phases of time-varying output voltages as characteristically generated by a synchro device, which in such case, should be designed three sets of planar secondary/sensing coils, arranged in such a manner that the time-varying output voltages are 120° phase-shifted (e.g. sinθ, sin(θ+120°) and sin(θ+240°)). The same reasoning is valid to build multi-phase devices of time-varying output voltages.
[0168] With reference to
[0169] The planar primary/excitation coil is disposed in one determined layer of multilayer PCB 118, with the planar secondary/sensing coils disposed in triplets by each layer, with each one planar secondary/sensing coil rotated 120° relatively to the axis of revolution with each another, where the two triplets in the layers 119 plus 120 generate one phase output voltage, and the another two triplets in the layers 121 plus 122 generate another phase output voltage. In accordance with the common art of ratiometric measurement approach, two planar secondary/sensing coils can be connected to one another in series, and in phase opposition, relatively to one another, and the innermost terminals of each secondary coils may be used to measure the output differential voltage, that is function of the angular position of the rotating conductive target, as shown in
[0170] Therefore, with reference to
[0171] Next, it is demonstrated that the physical and electrical arrangements of the primary/excitation coil 411 and of the secondary/sensing coils 421, 422, 423, 424, 425, 426, 431, 432, 433, 434, 435 and 436 lead to a partial cancelation of the undesired offset voltages among the different planar secondary/sensing coils when the partially metalized disk-shaped target is absent.
[0172] Considering the ratiometric measurement approach, and implementing the analysis of the electric circuital meshes 420 and 430, in the condition of not-influence of the partially metallized disk-shaped target, whatever the value of the excitation source sin cot 412, the value of V.sub.sin 427 and V.sub.cos 437 should be small.
[0173] As mentioned, the different distances of the secondary/sensing coils, in the different layers of the PCB, relatively to the primary/excitation coil, imply the obtaining of offset voltages ΔV.sub.s between the secondary/sensing coils in layer 119 and layer 120, in the electric circuit of V.sub.sin 427, and offset voltages ΔV.sub.c between the secondary/sensing coils in layer 121 and layer 122, in the circuit of V.sub.cos 437. These offset voltages are partially canceled if the secondary/sensing coils are arranged in the innovative way described in this patent, as is shown next.
[0174] So, firstly computing V.sub.sin 427, by using the mesh's law, by considering ΔV.sub.sk the voltage offsets between the layers 119 and 120, in the circuit loop 420, the following expression is obtained:
V.sub.sin=V.sub.A.sub.
[0175] As {B, D, F} are in same layer and have the same number of turns, invoking circular symmetry, ΔV.sub.B.sub.
V.sub.sin=−ΔV.sub.s
[0176] A similar reasoning can be used to prove that V.sub.cos contains only one offset voltage ΔV.sub.c.
[0177] From the above results, it may be concluded that the innovative arrangement of the circuits of secondary/sensing coils and of PCB layers lead to a good approximation of the principle of the ratiometric measurement approach, resulting in a partially balanced electric circuit where two offset voltages cancel, almost as in the case where all windings are positioned in the same layer of the PCB, as ideally desired, with the advantage of producing stronger signals, with less noise.
[0178] Again with reference to
[0179] The first coil set 420 of time-varying output voltage designated V.sub.sin 427 is physically constructed through the secondary/sensing coils in layers 119, and 120, with one voltage pole in the inner terminal of clockwise secondary/sensing coil A.sub.s.sup.+ in PCB layer 119, interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the connections layer 117, that leads the time-varying output voltage designated V.sub.sin 427 to customizable electronic circuits on layers 102 and 103, and the outer terminal of secondary/sensing coil A.sub.s.sup.+ in PCB layer 119, is interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks to the inner terminal of clockwise secondary/sensing coil B.sub.s.sup.+ in PCB layer 120, that coil having its outer terminal interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the inner terminal of clockwise secondary/sensing coil C.sub.s.sup.+ in PCB layer 119, that coil having its outer terminal interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks to the inner terminal of counterclockwise secondary/sensing coil D.sub.s.sup.− in PCB layer 120, with its outer terminal interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the inner terminal of counterclockwise secondary/sensing coil E.sub.s.sup.− in PCB layer 119, that coil having its outer terminal interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks to the inner terminal of counterclockwise secondary/sensing coil F.sub.s.sub.
[0180] The second coil set 430 of time-varying output voltage designated V.sub.cos 437 is physically constructed through the secondary/sensing coils layers 121, and 122, with one voltage pole in the inner terminal of clockwise secondary/sensing coil A.sub.c.sup.+ in PCB layer 121, being interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks to the connections layer 117, that leads the time-varying output voltage designated V.sub.cos 437 to standard customizable electronic circuits on layers 102 and 103, and the outer terminal of secondary/sensing coil A.sub.c.sup.+ in PCB layer 121, is interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks to the inner terminal of counterclockwise secondary/sensing coil B.sub.c.sup.− in PCB layer 122, that coil having the outer terminal interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks to the inner terminal of counterclockwise secondary/sensing coil C.sub.c.sup.− in PCB layer 121, which outer terminal is interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks to the inner terminal of the counterclockwise secondary/sensing coil D.sub.c.sup.− in PCB layer 122, which outer terminal is interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks to the inner terminal of clockwise secondary/sensing coil E.sub.c.sup.+ in PCB layer 121, which outer terminal is interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks to the inner terminal of clockwise secondary/sensing coil F.sub.c.sup.+ in PCB layer 122, which outer terminal is interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks to the connections layer 117, that leads the another voltage pole of time-varying output voltage designated V.sub.cos 437 to customizable standard electronic circuits on layers 102 and 103.
[0181] The first coil set 420 and the second coil set 430 generate the two-phases of time-varying output voltages, designated V.sub.sin 427 and V.sub.cos 437, as characteristic of a resolver device, which in this case are arranged in such a manner that the time-varying output voltages are 120° phase-shifted (e.g. sinθ, and sin(θ+120°)).
[0182] In a particular embodiment, the primary/excitation coil 411 comprises five turns and the secondary/sensing coils 421, 422, 423, 424, 425, 426, 431, 432, 433, 434, 435 and 436 comprise six turns. The number of turns of the primary/excitation coil and of the secondary/sensing coils may be adjusted to particular variants of the embodiment.
[0183] With reference to
[0184] With reference to
[0185] The planar primary/excitation coil is disposed in one determined layer 118 of multilayer PCB, with the planar secondary/sensing coils disposed in quartets in each layer, with each one planar secondary/sensing coil rotated 90° relatively the axis of revolution with each another, where the two quartets in the layers 119 plus 120 generate one phase output voltage, and the another two quartets in the layers 121 plus 122 generate another phase of output voltage, as a form of a cylindrical stack 101, and the partially metallized disk-shaped target 106 that rotates around the same axis of revolution, disposed with an air gap at determined distance from the stator set 126.
[0186] The planar primary/excitation coil 118 is powered by a periodic time-varying wave-generator (not shown), with a determined waveform, such as a square wave or a sinusoidal wave, whereby the time-varying output voltages from the planar secondary/sensing coils are immediately present, as will be described in detail later.
[0187] The mentioned rotor 106 and the mentioned stator set 101, 102, and 103 are aligned perpendicularly with the same axis of revolution inside of the same delimitation line of the circumference of the entire decoder set, shaped as a cylindrical stack 100, formed by the different layers of the multilayer PCBs, with diameter 128.
[0188] The rotor 106 comprises a rotating conductive target, as a partially metallized disk-shaped target 106, where the conductive part is a circular sector with an angle that may vary from 90° to 270°, so as to cause variations in induction coupling (M) between the planar primary/excitation coil 118 and the planar secondary/sensing coils 119, 120, 121, and 122 due to Foucault currents effects, as a function of the overlap in stator set, in response to its current rotating position, with underlying variations of the induced time-varying differential voltages in planar secondary/sensing coils 119, 120, 121, and 122. In accordance with the common art of ratiometric measurement approach, two planar secondary/sensing coils can be connected to one another in series, and in phase opposition, relatively to one another, and the innermost terminals of each secondary coils may be used to measure the differential output voltage, that is function of the angular position of the rotating conductive target, as shown in
[0189] Therefore, with reference to
[0190] In the sequel, it is demonstrated that the physical and electrical arrangements of the primary/excitation coil 311 and of the secondary/sensing coils 321, 322, 323, 324, 325, 326, 327, 328, 331, 332, 333, 334, 335, 336, 337, and 338 lead to the cancelation of the undesired voltage offsets among the different planar secondary/sensing coils.
[0191] Considering the ratiometric measurement approach, and implementing the analysis of the electric circuital meshes 320 and 330, in the condition of absence of the partially metallized disk-shaped target, whatever the value of the excitation source sin(ωt) 312, the value of V.sub.sin 329 and V.sub.cos 339 should be equal to zero.
[0192] However, as mentioned before, the different distances between the primary/excitation coil and the secondary/sensing coils laying in different PCB layers, imply the obtaining of offset voltages ΔV.sub.s between the secondary/sensing coils in layer 119 and layer 120, in the electric circuit of V.sub.sin 329, and offset voltages ΔV.sub.c between the secondary/sensing coils in layer 121 and layer 122, in the circuit of V.sub.cos 339. These offset voltages are canceled if the secondary/sensing coils are arranged in the innovative way described in this patent, as is shown next.
[0193] So, firstly computing V.sub.sin 329, by using the mesh's law, by considering ΔV.sub.s, the offset voltages between the layers 119 and 120 in the circuit loop 320, is obtained the following expression:
V.sub.sin=V.sub.A.sub.
[0194] As {A, B, C, D} are in same layer and {A′, B′, C′, D′ } are in another one and all windings have the same number of turns, with the notation adopted in expression (iii) above it turns out that ΔV.sub.A′.sub.
V.sub.sin=0.
[0195] A similar reasoning can be used to demonstrate that V.sub.cos=0.
[0196] From the above results, it may be concluded that the innovative arrangement of the circuits of secondary/sensing coils and of PCB layers preserves the principle of the ratiometric measurement approach, resulting in a completely balanced electric circuit as if it were positioned in the same layer of the PCB.
[0197] Again with reference to
[0198] The first coil set 320 of time-varying output voltage designated V.sub.sin 329 is physically constructed through the secondary/sensing coils layers 119, and 120, with one voltage pole in the outer terminal of clockwise secondary/sensing coil A.sub.s.sup.+ on PCB layer 119, interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks with the connections layer 117, that leads the time-varying output voltage designated V.sub.sin 329 to application customizable electronic circuits on layers 102 and 103, and the inner terminal of secondary/sensing coil A.sub.s.sup.+ on PCB layer 119, is interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks to the inner terminal of clockwise secondary/sensing coil A′.sub.s.sup.+ on PCB layer 120, that coil having its outer terminal interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks to the outer terminal of the clockwise secondary/sensing coil B′.sub.s.sup.+ on PCB layer 120, that coil having the inner terminal interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks to the inner terminal of clockwise secondary/sensing coil B.sub.s.sup.+ on PCB layer 119, that same coil having its outer terminal interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks to the outer terminal of counterclockwise secondary/sensing coil C.sub.s.sup.− on PCB layer 119, which is interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks to the inner terminal of counterclockwise secondary/sensing coil C′.sub.s.sub.
[0199] The second coil set 330 of time-varying output voltage designated V.sub.cos 339 is physically constructed through the secondary/sensing coils layers 121, and 122, with one voltage pole in the outer terminal of clockwise secondary/sensing coil A.sub.c.sup.+ on PCB layer 121, interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks to the connections layer 117, that leads the time-varying output voltage designated V.sub.cos 339 to the application-specific standardization electronic circuits on layers 102 and 103, and the inner terminal of secondary/sensing coil A.sub.c.sup.+ on PCB layer 121, interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks to the inner terminal of clockwise secondary/sensing coil A′.sub.c.sup.+ on PCB layer 122, which outer terminal is interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks to the outer terminal of counterclockwise secondary/sensing coil B′.sub.c.sup.− on PCB layer 122, which inner terminal is interconnected by the by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks to the inner terminal of counterclockwise secondary/sensing coil B.sub.c.sup.− on PCB layer 121, that same coil having the outer terminal interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks to the outer terminal of counterclockwise secondary/sensing coil C.sub.c.sup.− on PCB layer 121, which is interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks to the inner terminal of counterclockwise secondary/sensing coil C′.sub.c.sup.− on PCB layer 122, that same coil having the outer terminal interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks to the outer terminal of clockwise secondary/sensing coil D′.sub.c.sup.+ on PCB layer 122, which inner terminal is interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks to the inner terminal of clockwise secondary/sensing coil D.sub.c.sup.+ on PCB layer 121, which outer terminal is interconnected by the use of vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks to the connections layer 117, that leads the other voltage pole of time-varying output voltage designated V.sub.cos 339 to the application-specific standardization electronic circuits on layers 102 and 103.
[0200] The first coil set 320 and the second coil set 330 generate the two-phase of time-varying output voltages, designated V.sub.sin 329 and designated V.sub.cos 339, as characteristic of a resolver device, which in the case are arranged in such a manner that the time-varying output voltages are 90° phase-shifted (e.g. sinθ and sin(θ+90°)).
[0201] In a particular embodiment, the primary/excitation coil 311 comprises five turns and the secondary/sensing coils 321, 322, 323, 324, 325, 326, 327, 328, 331, 332, 333, 334, 335, 336, 337, and 338 comprise six turns. The number of turns of the primary/excitation coil and of the secondary/sensing coils may be adjusted to particular variants.
[0202] With reference to
[0203] According to the present invention and the current embodiment, the rotation displacement decoder device has been described to have two-phases of time-varying output voltages as characteristically generated by a resolver, but it can also be built to have three-phases of time-varying output voltages as characteristically generated by a synchro device, which in such case, should be designed three sets of planar secondary/sensing coils, arranged in such a manner that the time-varying output voltages are 120° phase-shifted (e.g. sinθ, sin(θ+120°), and sin(θ+240°)). The same reasoning is valid to build multi-phase devices of time-varying output voltages.
[0204] The designated stator set part, that comprises the planar electrical connections layer, the EMI shielding layer, the primary/excitation coil layer, and the planar secondary/sensing coils layers, connected and disposed in innovative manner, allows simple and easy interconnections of signals, addressed through the minimal use of vias, half-vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks, among the PCB layers.
[0205] The high sensitivity of planar secondary/sensing coils layers, connected and disposed in the innovative manner described in this patent, allows high accuracy, precision, linearity, and resolution of the device, by the use of simple, not expensive, and low-consumption analog and/or digital conditioning and/or processing circuits for standardization of the device's analog/digital interfaces, which are advantageous in power-constrained and/or mass-market field system applications.
[0206] The standardization or customization of time-varying output voltages for proper operation in a field system application are based in electronic circuits that may be implemented by one or more electronic components that are placed and soldered on determined PCB layers, through the use of vias, half-vias, pads, and/or conductive tracks, among the PCB layers, in accordance with the common art.
[0207] Unless otherwise specifically stated, is here expected that sentences using terms such “measuring”, “computing”, “generating”, “conditioning”, “processing”, “decoding”, or similar, can refer to the actions and/or processes of a computer system, or a similar electronic computing device, such as a microcontroller, a digital signal processor, or a hybrid or analog/digital processor, that manipulate and/or transform data, represented as physical quantities, in digital and/or analog form, within their registers, memories, or other similar information/data storage, transmission, or user interface devices.
[0208] For purposes well enlightenment, specific details are presented to allow a clear understanding of the current invention. Thus, is completely clear that the current invention may be implemented without those details.
[0209] In this patent application, some entities known in the current art, such as electronic circuits, physical circuits, electronic schematics, or similar, are shown partially, or in reduced form, rather than in detail, in order to simplify the understanding of the presented contents.
[0210] For purposes of understanding the embodiments of the current invention, it is expected that several terms are to be understood by whom trained in the art to describe experiences, techniques, and approaches.
[0211] All the embodiments here disclosed are described in enough detail to enable those who are trained in the art to put in practice the invention, and implement other similar or equivalent embodiments through several changes within the same scope of the current invention.
REFERENCES
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