Abstract
Shown and described here is a process for preserving a dispersion in a metering apparatus, wherein the dispersion is stored in a container (1, 101, 201) which is part of the metering apparatus, wherein an oxidant is introduced into the container (1, 101, 201). Also described are a metering apparatus configured for this process and a use of an oxidant for preserving dispersions.
Claims
1. Process for preserving a dispersion in a metering apparatus, wherein the dispersion is stored in a container (1, 101, 201) which is part of the metering apparatus, wherein an oxidant is introduced into the container (1, 101, 201).
2. Process according to claim 1, characterized in that the oxidant is introduced into the container at periodic intervals, in particular at least once a month or at least twice a month or at least three times a month or at least once a week, or at least once a day.
3. Process according to either claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that 0.1 to 200 mg, in particular 0.5 to 100 mg or 1 to 50 mg, calculated per liter of container volume, of the oxidant is introduced per introduction.
4. Process according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the oxidant is introduced into the gas space above the surface (114, 214) of the dispersion into the container (1, 101, 201).
5. Process according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dispersion is thoroughly mixed after the introduction of the oxidant, in particular by stirring.
6. Process according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the oxidant has a standard potential of 0.1 V or higher, preferably 0.5 V or higher, more preferably 1 V or higher with respect to the standard hydrogen electrode at a temperature of 25° C. and an effective concentration of 1 mol L.sup.−1 and/or an ionic activity of 1 or, in the case of gaseous reactants, at a partial pressure of 101.325 kPa.
7. Process according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the oxidant is an oxygen- or chlorine-based oxidant or a mixture thereof, in particular is selected from the group consisting of sodium hypochlorite, potassium hypochlorite, Javel water, chlorine, hydrogen peroxide, ozone, peroxyacetic acid, perborate, percarbonate, and mixtures thereof.
8. Process according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the oxidant is gaseous.
9. Process according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the oxidant is ozone.
10. Process according to claim 9, characterized in that the ozone is generated centrally in the metering apparatus or in the lid (218) of the at least one container (201), in particular by means of corona discharge.
11. Process according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dispersion is a dispersion paint or a pigment paste.
12. Process according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dispersion is substantially free of preservatives before the introduction of the oxidant.
13. Metering apparatus comprising at least one container (1, 101, 201) which is designed for storing a dispersion and has a maximum fill level (114, 214) for the dispersion, a closable metering valve (7), and at least one supply line (4, 104, 221) for an oxidant leading into the container (1, 101, 201).
14. Metering apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that the container (1, 101, 201) has means for mixing (117, 217) a dispersion, in particular an agitator.
15. Metering apparatus according to either claim 13 or claim 14, characterized in that the supply line (104, 221) leading into the container (1, 101, 201) leads into the container (1, 101, 201) above its maximum fill level (114, 214), wherein in particular the supply line (104) ends in a nozzle (102).
16. Metering apparatus according to any of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that the at least one container has more than one supply line leading into the container, the supply lines leading into the container at the same level or leading into the container at different levels, preferably above and below the maximum fill level.
17. Metering apparatus according to any of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that the at least one container (1, 101, 201) is made of plastics material or stainless steel, in particular of polyoxymethylene (POM), polypropylene, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide, or mixtures or blends thereof
18. Metering apparatus according to any of claims 13 to 17, characterized in that the supply line (104, 221) is made of a material containing a plastics material selected from the group consisting of polyurethane (PUR), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), perfluoroalkoxy polymer (PFA), polyvinylidene fluoride, perfluorinated rubber, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene hexafluoropropylene copolymer, ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene, ethylene-propylene-diene rubber, and mixtures thereof.
19. Metering apparatus according to any of claims 13 to 18, characterized in that the metering apparatus comprises an ozone generator (3, 103) which in particular comprises a voltage source, in particular a high-voltage generator, and a discharge unit (203) which in particular generates ozone by means of corona discharge.
20. Metering apparatus according to claim 19, characterized in that the voltage source, in particular the high-voltage generator, and the discharge unit (203) are not arranged in the same device housing, wherein in particular the discharge unit (203) is in an adapter (215b) of the container lid (218).
21. Paint mixing apparatus having a metering apparatus according to any of claims 13 to 20.
22. Use of an oxidant, in particular ozone, for preserving dispersions, in particular pigment pastes.
Description
[0081] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings, which, however, serve only for illustration and are not limiting.
[0082] FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the metering apparatus according to the invention,
[0083] FIG. 2 shows a container in cross section according to an embodiment of the metering apparatus according to the invention with a central ozone generator,
[0084] FIG. 3 shows a container in cross section according to an embodiment of the metering apparatus according to the invention with ozone generation in the lid of the container,
[0085] FIG. 4 shows a container in cross section according to an embodiment of the metering apparatus according to the invention with a central ozone generator,
[0086] FIG. 5 shows a container in cross section according to an embodiment of the metering apparatus according to the invention with ozone generation in the lid of the container,
[0087] FIG. 6 shows a container in cross section according to an embodiment of the metering apparatus according to the invention with a central ozone generator,
[0088] FIG. 7a is a perspective view of an adapter of the container lid according to an embodiment of the invention with ozone generation in a central ozone generator,
[0089] FIG. 7b shows the adapter of the container lid from FIG. 7a in cross section,
[0090] FIG. 8a is a perspective view of an adapter of the container lid according to an embodiment of the invention with ozone generation in the lid of the container,
[0091] FIG. 8b shows the adapter of the container lid from FIG. 8a in cross section.
[0092] FIG. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of the metering apparatus according to the invention comprising, in the present case, a plurality of containers 1. The containers 1 each have a maximum fill level for a dispersion (not shown in FIG. 1). Each container 1 also has a closable metering valve 7 and a supply line for an oxidant leading into the container 1, each supply line going off from a ring line 4 feeding the individual supply lines. The ring line 4 and the supply lines are made of polyurethane. In the present case, eight cylindrical containers 1 made of polyoxymethylene with a volume of one liter each are arranged like a carousel, the ozone being introduced into the respective container 1 through a nozzle 2 arranged at the end of each supply line. The ozone is generated centrally in an ozone generator 3, comprising a voltage source, in particular a high-voltage generator, and a discharge unit, with an output of 200 mg ozone per hour and, as mentioned, arrives with the aid of a membrane pump 14 via the supply line through the nozzles 2 in the cylindrical containers 1. As a result, about 2 mg of ozone can be introduced in each case into the containers 1 within five minutes. The dispersion contained in the cylindrical containers 1 is pumped out via feed pumps 5 and discharged along feed lines 6. The metering valves 7 built into the feed lines 6 allow for the precise metering of the dispersion contained in the containers 1. After passing through the metering valve 7, the dispersions are passed on via the feed lines 6 to a filling head 8 and from there pass into a bucket 9. The bucket 9 stands on a scale 10. The feed pumps 5, the metering valves 7, and the scales 10 are connected via the control line 11 to a computer 12, via which an exact metering of the dispersion is controlled. The computer 12 is also connected to a printer 13 which is suitable for printing labels.
[0093] FIG. 2 shows a container in longitudinal section according to an embodiment of the metering apparatus according to the invention with an external ozone generator. In the external ozone generator 103, comprising a voltage source, in particular a high-voltage generator, and a discharge unit, the oxidant ozone is generated and with the help of a membrane pump 118 passes through the polyurethane supply line 104 through the nozzle 102 into the cylindrical polyoxymethylene container 101 into the gas space above the surface 114 of a dispersion located in the container 101. The surface 114 of the dispersion coincides here with the maximum fill level of the container 101. The cylindrical container 101 is equipped with a lid 115 and a side wall 116. The dispersion located in the interior of the cylindrical container 101 is mixed by the agitator 117. The dispersion is pumped out of the container 101 along the feed line 106 with the aid of the feed pump 105.
[0094] FIG. 3 shows a container 201 in a longitudinal section according to an embodiment of the metering apparatus according to the invention with ozone generation in an adapter 215b as part of the container lid 218. For this purpose, air, oxygen, or an oxygen-containing gas mixture, hereinafter “oxygen gas mixture,” is introduced through the opening 219 into the interior of the adapter 215b, in which a discharge unit 203 is arranged, which is connected to a high-voltage generator via the high-voltage connection 220. The ozone/air, ozone/oxygen, or ozone/oxygen gas mixture produced in the discharge unit passes along the supply line 221 into the interior of the cylindrical container 201 and there into the region above the surface 214 of a dispersion located in the container 201. The cylindrical container 201 is equipped with a lid 218 comprising a lid part 215a and, as mentioned above, an adapter 215b and a side wall 216. The dispersion located in the interior of the cylindrical container 201 is mixed by the agitator 217. The dispersion is pumped out of the container 201 along the feed line 206 with the aid of the feed pump 205.
[0095] FIG. 4 shows a container in longitudinal section according to an embodiment of the metering apparatus according to the invention with an external ozone generator. In the external ozone generator 103, comprising a voltage source, in particular a high-voltage generator, and a discharge unit, the oxidant ozone is generated and with the help of a membrane pump 118 passes through the polyurethane supply line 104 through the nozzle 102 into the cylindrical polyoxymethylene container 101 into the gas space above the surface 114 of a dispersion located in the container 101. The nozzle 102 is directed in the direction of the container bottom. This nozzle arrangement avoids contamination of the nozzle 102 when the container 101 is filled with the dispersion. The surface 114 of the dispersion coincides here with the maximum fill level of the container 101. The cylindrical container 101 is equipped with a lid 115 and a side wall 116. The dispersion located in the interior of the cylindrical container 101 is mixed by the agitator 117. The dispersion is pumped out of the container 101 along the feed line 106 with the aid of the feed pump 105.
[0096] FIG. 5 shows a container 201 in a longitudinal section according to an embodiment of the metering apparatus according to the invention with ozone generation in an adapter 215b as part of the container lid 218. For this purpose, the oxygen gas mixture is introduced through the opening 219 into the interior of the adapter 215b, in which a discharge unit 203 is arranged, which is connected to a high-voltage generator via the high-voltage connection 220. The ozone/air, ozone/oxygen, or ozone/oxygen gas mixture produced in the discharge unit passes along the supply line 221 into the interior of the cylindrical container 201 and there into the region above the surface 214 of a dispersion located in the container 201. At the outlet opening 215e of the supply line 221, through which the ozone/air, ozone/oxygen or ozone/oxygen gas mixture reaches the interior of the cylindrical container 201, there is a downwardly opened protective cap 222. The protective cap 222 avoids contamination and the resultant clogging of the outlet opening 215e when the container 101 is filled with dispersion. The cylindrical container 201 is equipped with a lid 218 comprising a lid part 215a and, as mentioned above, an adapter 215b and a side wall 216. The dispersion located in the interior of the cylindrical container 201 is mixed by the agitator 217. The dispersion is pumped out of the container 201 along the feed line 206 with the aid of the feed pump 205.
[0097] FIG. 6 shows a container in longitudinal section according to an embodiment of the metering apparatus according to the invention with an external ozone generator. The introduction of the ozone into the interior of the container 201 takes place via an adapter 215b as part of the container lid 218. In the external ozone generator 203, comprising a voltage source, in particular a high-voltage generator, and a discharge unit, the oxidant ozone is generated and, with the aid of a membrane pump 218, reaches the adapter 215b via the polyurethane supply line 204. The supply line 204 is connected to the adapter 215b via a connecting piece 223. The ozone passes through the supply line 221 into the cylindrical container 201 made of polyoxymethylene into the gas space above the surface 214 of a dispersion located in the container 201. At the outlet opening 215e of the supply line 221, through which the ozone reaches the interior of the cylindrical container 201, there is a downwardly opened protective cap 222. The protective cap 222 avoids contamination and the resultant clogging of the outlet opening 215e when the container 101 is filled with dispersion. The cylindrical container 201 is equipped with a lid 218 comprising a lid part 215a and, as mentioned above, an adapter 215b and a side wall 216. The dispersion located in the interior of the cylindrical container 201 is mixed by the agitator 217. The dispersion is pumped out of the container 201 along the feed line 206 with the aid of the feed pump 205.
[0098] FIGS. 7a and 7b show an adapter 215b for use in a metering apparatus according to the invention having an external ozone generator. The adapter 215b comprises a connecting portion 215c and an annular portion 215d connected thereto. The annular portion 215d is designed in such a way that it closes substantially tight on its upper side with the lid part 215a and on its lower side with the side wall of the container 201. The connecting portion 215c has a connecting piece 223 for a gas supply line, via which the adapter 215b can be connected to the ozone supply line 204. The connecting portion 215c comprises a supply line 221, via which the ozone is conducted through the outlet opening 215e into the interior space delimited by the annular portion. At the outlet opening 215e, there is a downwardly opened protective cap 222 which prevents the dispersion from entering the outlet opening when the container 201 is being filled.
[0099] FIGS. 8a and 8b show an adapter 215b for use in a metering apparatus according to the invention with ozone generation in the adapter 215b as part of the container lid 218. The adapter 215b comprises a connecting portion 215c and an annular portion 215d connected thereto. The annular portion 215d is designed in such a way that it closes substantially tight on its upper side with the lid part 215a and on its lower side with the side wall of the container 201. A discharge unit 203, which is connected to a high-voltage generator via the high-voltage connection 220, is arranged in the interior of the connecting portion 215c. The connecting portion 215c comprises a supply line 221 via which the ozone/air, ozone/oxygen, or ozone/oxygen gas mixture formed in the discharge unit is passed through the outlet opening 215e into the interior space delimited by the annular portion. At the outlet opening 215e, there is a downwardly opened protective cap 222 which prevents the dispersion from entering the outlet opening when the container 201 is being filled.
[0100] The containers and adapters shown in FIGS. 2 to 8 are particularly suitable for operation with gaseous oxidants such as ozone. However, they can also be operated with any other oxidant described herein, in particular with liquid oxidants. The material information contained in the description of the drawings (such as, for example, polyoxymethylene for the container or polyurethane for the supply line) is not substantial for carrying out the invention and can be replaced by any other suitable materials, in particular the materials described herein. The shape information contained in the description of the drawings (such as, for example, cylindrical containers) is not substantial for the implementation of the invention and can be replaced by any other suitable shape (such as, for example, cuboid containers, etc.). Also, for example, the exact number and position of the supply lines for the oxidant in the interior of the container or the adapter given in the description of the drawings are not substantial for the implementation of the invention and can, in particular, be varied accordingly, in particular as described herein.
LIST OF REFERENCE SIGNS
[0101] 1 Container [0102] 2 Nozzle [0103] 3 Ozone generator [0104] 4 Supply line [0105] 5 Feed pump [0106] 6 Feed line [0107] 7 Metering valve [0108] 8 Filling head [0109] 9 Bucket [0110] 10 Scale [0111] 11 Control lines [0112] 12 Computer [0113] 13 Printer [0114] 14 Membrane pump [0115] 101 Container [0116] 102 Nozzle [0117] 103 Ozone generator [0118] 104 Supply line [0119] 105 Feed pump [0120] 106 Feed line [0121] 114 Surface of the dispersion [0122] 115 Lid [0123] 116 Side wall [0124] 117 Agitator [0125] 118 Membrane pump [0126] 201 Container [0127] 203 Discharge unit [0128] 205 Feed pump [0129] 206 Feed line [0130] 214 Surface of the dispersion [0131] 215a Lid part [0132] 215b Adapter [0133] 215c Connecting portion [0134] 215d Annular portion [0135] 215e Outlet opening [0136] 216 Side wall [0137] 217 Agitator [0138] 218 Container lid [0139] 219 Opening [0140] 220 High-voltage connection [0141] 221 Supply line [0142] 222 Protective cap [0143] 223 Connecting piece
