Comminuting device

Abstract

A comminuting device for solids-conducting liquids includes a housing with an inlet opening, an outlet opening, and a housing interior extending from the inlet opening to the outlet opening, a first comminuting shaft extending through the housing interior and arranged to rotate about a first comminuting axis. A second comminuting shaft extends through the housing interior and is arranged to rotate about a second comminuting axis. A screening device has a screening wall comprising a plurality of slots arranged in the housing interior adjacent to the first comminuting shaft. A clearing device has a plurality of clearing elements which can be moved relative to the screening wall along a movement path and which extend through the plurality of slots starting from a clearing shaft arranged on one side of the filter wall to at least one portion of the movement path.

Claims

1. A comminuting device for solids-conducting liquids comprising: a housing with an inlet opening, an outlet opening, and a housing interior extending from the inlet opening to the outlet opening; a first comminuting shaft extending through the housing interior and arranged to rotate about a first comminuting axis and onto which a plurality of first comminuting cutting elements spaced apart axially along the first comminuting axis is fastened; a second comminuting shaft extending through the housing interior and arranged to rotate about a second comminuting axis and onto which a plurality of second comminuting cutting elements spaced apart axially along the second comminuting axis is fastened; a drive device for driving the first and second comminuting cutting shafts in a rotational movement; a screening device having a screening wall comprising a plurality of slots arranged in the housing interior adjacent to the first comminuting shaft; and a clearing device comprising a plurality of clearing elements which can be moved relative to the screening wall along a movement path and which extend through the plurality of slots starting from a clearing shaft arranged on one side of the screening wall to at least one portion of the movement path; wherein the clearing elements comprise a plurality of curved clearing fingers; and wherein the curvature of the curved clearing fingers forms a convex front side, wherein the convex front side runs ahead of a rear side of the curved clearing fingers in relation to the movement of the clearing elements in a direction of the movement path.

2. The comminuting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a clearing drive device is coupled to the clearing shaft and sets the clearing shaft in rotation.

3. The comminuting device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the clearing drive device comprises hydrodynamically acting fluid-conducting elements arranged in the housing interior and flowed through by the liquid flow passing through the housing interior.

4. The comminuting device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the clearing drive device comprises an electrically, pneumatically or hydraulically driven motor.

5. The comminuting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first and second comminuting shafts extend between the screening device and a second screening device with a second screening wall comprising a second plurality of slots and a second clearing device with a plurality of clearing elements which extend through the second plurality of slots starting from a second clearing shaft arranged on one side of the second screening wall.

6. The comminuting device as claimed in claim 5, wherein the second clearing shaft is set in rotation by the clearing drive device.

7. The comminuting device as claimed in claim 5, wherein the second clearing shaft is coupled to a second clearing drive device, the second clearing drive device comprising hydrodynamically acting fluid-conducting elements arranged in the housing interior and flowed through by the liquid flow passing through the housing interior.

8. The comminuting device as claimed in claim 5, wherein the second clearing shaft is coupled to a second clearing drive device, the second clearing drive device comprising an electrically, pneumatically or hydraulically driven motor.

9. The comminuting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the axial space between two axially adjacent first comminuting elements is of a size at least between the same size and ten times as large as a ball passage of the slots.

10. The comminuting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first and second comminuting shafts are driven in rotational directions opposing one another and the first and second comminuting axis run parallel to and are spaced apart from one another.

11. The comminuting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a curvature of the curved clearing fingers forms a concave rear side of each curved clearing finger.

12. The comminuting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the clearing elements are configured for a rotational movement about a spatial axis.

13. The comminuting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the screening wall has a curved screening wall surface defining a cylindrical surface about the clearing axis in at least one portion of the screening wall.

14. The comminuting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the clearing elements comprise a plurality of clearing rakes with a plurality of clearing elements and the clearing rakes are fastened about a clearing shaft base body extending along a clearing axis.

15. The comminuting device as claimed in claim 14, wherein at least two of the clearing rakes are fastened to the clearing shaft base body in such a manner that the clearing elements of a first clearing rake extend at an angle to the clearing rakes of a second first clearing rake.

16. The comminuting device as claimed in the claim 15, wherein a number N of clearing rakes are fastened to the clearing shaft base body and at least two of the clearing rakes in each case are oriented at an angle of 360°/N to one another.

17. A comminuting device for solids-conducting liquids comprising: a housing with an inlet opening, an outlet opening and a housing interior extending from the inlet opening to the outlet opening; a first comminuting shaft extending through the housing interior and arranged to rotate about a first comminuting axis and onto which a plurality of first comminuting cutting elements spaced apart axially along the first comminuting axis is fastened; a second comminuting shaft extending through the housing interior and arranged to rotate about a second comminuting axis and onto which a plurality of second comminuting cutting elements spaced apart axially along the second comminuting axis is fastened; a drive device for driving the first and second comminuting cutting shafts in a rotational movement; a screening device having a screening wall comprising a plurality of slots arranged in the housing interior adjacent to the first comminuting shaft; and a clearing device comprising a plurality of clearing elements which can be moved relative to the screening wall along a movement path and which extend through the plurality of slots starting from a clearing shaft arranged on one side of the screening wall to at least one portion of the movement path, wherein the plurality of clearing elements are fastened to a clearing shaft basic body and at least two of the plurality of clearing elements extend at a different angle from one another from the clearing shaft base body.

18. The comminuting device as claimed in the claim 17, wherein all clearing elements extend at a different angle from one another from the clearing shaft base body.

19. A comminuting device for solids-conducting liquids comprising: a housing with an inlet opening, an outlet opening and a housing interior extending from the inlet opening to the outlet opening; a first comminuting shaft extending through the housing interior and arranged to rotate about a first comminuting axis and onto which a plurality of first comminuting cutting elements spaced apart axially along the first comminuting axis is fastened; a second comminuting shaft extending through the housing interior and arranged to rotate about a second comminuting axis and onto which a plurality of second comminuting cutting elements spaced apart axially along the second comminuting axis is fastened, wherein the first and second comminuting shafts extend between a first screening device; a drive device for driving the first and second comminuting shafts in a rotational movement; the first screening device having a first screening wall comprising a first plurality of slots arranged in the housing interior adjacent to the first comminuting shaft; a first clearing device comprising a plurality of first clearing elements which can be moved relative to the first screening wall along a movement path and which extend through the first plurality of slots starting from a first clearing shaft arranged on one side of the first screening wall to at least one portion of the movement path; and a second screening device with a second screening wall comprising a second plurality of slots and a second clearing device with a plurality of second clearing elements which extend through the second plurality of slots starting from a second clearing shaft arranged on one side of the second screening wall.

20. A comminuting device for solids-conducting liquids comprising: a housing with an inlet opening, an outlet opening, and a housing interior extending from the inlet opening to the outlet opening; a first comminuting shaft extending through the housing interior and arranged to rotate about a first comminuting axis and onto which a plurality of first comminuting cutting elements spaced apart axially along the first comminuting axis is fastened; a second comminuting shaft extending through the housing interior and arranged to rotate about a second comminuting axis and onto which a plurality of second comminuting cutting elements spaced apart axially along the second comminuting axis is fastened; a drive device for driving the first and second comminuting cutting shafts in a rotational movement; a screening device having a screening wall comprising a plurality of slots arranged in the housing interior adjacent to the first comminuting shaft; and a clearing device comprising a plurality of clearing elements which can be moved relative to the screening wall along a movement path and which extend through the plurality of slots starting from a clearing shaft arranged on one side of the screening wall to at least one portion of the movement path; wherein the first and second comminuting shafts extend between the screening device and a second screening device with a second screening wall comprising a second plurality of slots and a second clearing device with a plurality of clearing elements which extend through the second plurality of slots starting from a second clearing shaft arranged on one side of the second screening wall.

21. The comminuting device as claimed in claim 20, wherein the second clearing shaft is set in rotation by the clearing drive device.

22. The comminuting device as claimed in claim 20, wherein the second clearing shaft is coupled to a second clearing drive device, the second clearing drive device comprising hydrodynamically acting fluid-conducting elements arranged in the housing interior and flowed through by the liquid flow passing through the housing interior.

23. The comminuting device as claimed in claim 20, wherein the second clearing shaft is coupled to a second clearing drive device, the second clearing drive device comprising an electrically, pneumatically, or hydraulically driven motor.

24. A comminuting device for solids-conducting liquids comprising: a housing with an inlet opening, an outlet opening, and a housing interior extending from the inlet opening to the outlet opening; a first comminuting shaft extending through the housing interior and arranged to rotate about a first comminuting axis and onto which a plurality of first comminuting cutting elements spaced apart axially along the first comminuting axis is fastened; a second comminuting shaft extending through the housing interior and arranged to rotate about a second comminuting axis and onto which a plurality of second comminuting cutting elements spaced apart axially along the second comminuting axis is fastened; a drive device for driving the first and second comminuting cutting shafts in a rotational movement; a screening device having a screening wall comprising a plurality of slots arranged in the housing interior adjacent to the first comminuting shaft; and a clearing device comprising a plurality of clearing elements which can be moved relative to the screening wall along a movement path and which extend through the plurality of slots starting from a clearing shaft arranged on one side of the screening wall to at least one portion of the movement path; wherein the clearing elements comprise a plurality of clearing rakes with a plurality of clearing elements and the clearing rakes are fastened about a clearing shaft base body extending along a clearing axis; and wherein at least two of the clearing rakes are fastened to the clearing shaft base body in such a manner that the clearing elements of a first clearing rake extend at an angle to the clearing elements of a second clearing rake.

25. The comminuting device as claimed in the claim 24, wherein a number N of clearing rakes are fastened to the clearing shaft base body and at least two of the clearing rakes in each case are oriented at an angle of 360°/N to one another.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) A preferred embodiment of the invention is explained below with the help of the attached figures. The following figures show the preferred embodiment of the comminuting device according to the invention in different views and perspectives. In the figures:

(2) FIG. 1 is a perspective side view of a housing interior of an inventive comminuting device according to a preferred embodiment;

(3) FIG. 2 is a perspective side view of a comminuting device according to the invention with the screening devices according to the preferred embodiment concealed;

(4) FIG. 3 is a perspective side view of a housing interior of a comminuting device according to the invention with a first screening device and a second screening device and also a first clearing device and a second clearing device according to the preferred embodiment;

(5) FIG. 4a is a side view of a housing interior of an inventive comminuting device according to the preferred embodiment;

(6) FIG. 4b is a sectional plan view of a comminuting device according to the invention along the line shown in FIG. 4a with a first screening device and a second screening device and also a first clearing device and a second clearing device according to the preferred embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

(7) FIG. 1 shows a housing interior 10 of a comminuting device according to the invention.

(8) The comminuting device has a first comminuting shaft 11 and a second comminuting shaft 12 mounted rotatably within a housing 1 in the housing interior 10. The first comminuting shaft 11 and the second comminuting shaft 12 have a plurality of comminuting cutting elements 110, 120 which are spaced axially on cutting discs 111, 112 and along a first or a second comminuting axis. Both the first comminuting shaft 11 and the second comminuting shaft 12 are made up of multiple cutting discs 111, 112. The housing interior 10 has a comminuting space which comprises an inlet and an outlet opening through which solids, or liquids containing solids, can be fed to the comminuting space or can be removed therefrom. The comminuting shafts 11, 12 extend into the comminuting space.

(9) The two comminuting shafts 11, 12 rotate at different speeds, so that during each revolution different comminuting cutting elements 110, 120 of adjacent cutting discs 111, 112 of the two comminuting shafts 11, 12 come into engagement with one another and a shearing action is achieved between the comminuting cutting elements.

(10) In a gear chamber, a transmission is arranged which comprises two gearwheels with a different number of teeth which are fastened straight onto the comminuting shafts 11, 12 in a torque-resistant manner and mesh with one another. In this way, a rotational movement in the opposite direction of the two comminuting shafts 11, 12 is produced, said shafts running at different rotational speeds. One of the two comminuting shafts 11 or 12 is fed out of the comminuting space and can be set in rotation by means of a drive motor. This rotation is transmitted by the transmission to the other comminuting shaft 11, 12. In this way, the first comminuting shaft 11 rotates about a first comminuting axis and the second comminuting shaft 12 in an opposing rotational direction about a second comminuting axis. The first comminuting axis and the second comminuting axis run parallel to, and spaced apart from, one another.

(11) On the periphery of each cutting disc 111, 112 there are 8 comminuting cutting elements 110, 120 distributed uniformly in the circumferential direction. The comminuting cutting elements 110, 120 form screw lines of a thread with a steep pitch along the circumference of each comminuting shaft 11, 12. The comminuting cutting elements of a comminuting shaft form a left-handed thread; the comminuting cutting elements of the other comminuting shaft form a right-handed thread.

(12) Adjacent to the first comminuting shaft 11 is arranged a first screening device 30. The first screening device 30 comprises a first screening wall 31 which has a curved surface and a plurality of slots 32. Similarly to this, there is a second screening device 40 adjacent to the second comminuting shaft 12. The second screening device 40 comprises a second screening wall 41 which has a curved surface and a plurality of slots 42. The curvatures of the first and second screening wall 31, 41 form a concave and a convex side. The convex side is formed on the inlet side and the concave side on the outlet side. In this way, a cylinder surface about the respective rotational axis represents the comminuting shaft at least in a screening wall portion of the first screening wall 31 or the second screening wall 41.

(13) FIG. 2 shows a housing interior 10 of a comminuting device according to the invention with the screening devices 30, 40 hidden. A first clearing device 50 is configured adjacent to the first comminuting shaft 11. The first clearing device 50 comprises three clearing rakes 51a-c which are fastened to a first clearing shaft base body 53. Each clearing rake comprises a plurality of curved clearing elements 52 in the form of curved clearing fingers. Similarly to this, there is a second clearing device 60 adjacent to the second comminuting shaft 12. The second clearing device 60 comprises three clearing rakes 61a-c which are fastened to a second clearing shaft base body 63. Likewise, a clearing rake comprises a plurality of curved clearing elements 52 in the form of curved clearing fingers. The clearing shaft base body of the first clearing device 50 is coupled to a clearing drive device, in order to set the first clearing shaft in rotation. The clearing shaft base body of the second clearing device 60 is set in rotation by a second clearing drive device 64.

(14) The curvatures of the clearing elements 52, 62 form a convex front side and a concave rear side. The convex front side runs ahead of the rear side in relation to the movement direction of the clearing elements 52, 62. The clearing elements 52, 62 are configured for a rotational movement about a respective clearing axis.

(15) The clearing rakes 51a-c, 61a-c are fastened to the clearing shaft base body extending along a clearing axis. In FIG. 2 the clearing rakes 51a-c of the first clearing device 50 are fastened to the first clearing shaft base body 53 in such a manner that the clearing elements 52 of the first clearing rake 51a extend at an angle of 120° to the clearing elements of the second clearing rake 51b and at an angle of 120° to the clearing elements of the third clearing rake 51c. Similarly to this, the clearing rakes 61 of the second clearing device 60 are fastened to the respective second clearing shaft base body 63 in such a manner that the clearing elements 62 of the first clearing rake 61a extend at an angle to the clearing elements of the second clearing rake 61b or else at an angle to the clearing elements of the third clearing rake 61c. The clearing rakes of the clearing elements 52, 62 therefore extend at different angles to one another from the respective clearing shaft base body.

(16) FIG. 3 shows a housing interior 10 of a comminuting device according to the invention with a first screening device 30 and a second screening device 40 and also a first clearing device 50 and a second clearing device 60. The screening devices 30, 40 each with a screening wall 31, 41 exhibit a plurality of slots 32, 42. The first and second comminuting shaft 11, 12 is formed between the first screening device 30 and the second screening device 40. The first clearing device 50 comprises three clearing rakes 51a-c with a plurality of clearing elements 52 which extends, starting from a first clearing shaft arranged on a downstream side of the first screening wall 31, through the plurality of slots 32. Similarly to this, the second clearing device comprises three clearing rakes 61a-c with a plurality of clearing elements 62 which extends, starting from a second clearing shaft arranged on a downstream side of the second screening wall 41, through the plurality of slots 42. The curved clearing elements or clearing fingers 52, 62 run through the respective slots 32, 42 in the respective screening device 30, 40. When the clearing fingers 52, 62 emerge from the respective screening device 30, 40 from the inside outwards, foreign substances are actively conveyed outwards to the screening device 30, 40 in the direction of the first comminuting shaft 11 and second comminuting shaft 12. The width of the clearing fingers 52, 62 is adjusted to the slot width and guarantees continuous cleaning of the slots 32, 42 in the screening device 30, 40 from the inside outwards. The screening device 30, 40 is freely accessible on the outlet side. The clearing fingers 52, 62 are configured in such a manner that they run through the slots 32, 42 in a contact-free manner.

(17) FIG. 4a shows a side view of FIG. 3. FIG. 4b shows a plan view of the comminuting device according to the invention along line A in FIG. 4a. The plan view shows a first comminuting shaft 11 and a second comminuting shaft 12, a first screening device 30 and a second screening device 40, and also a first clearing device 50 and a second clearing device 60.

(18) FIG. 4b shows two cutting discs 111, 112 of the inventive design. As can be seen, both cutting discs 111, 112 have an axial longitudinal bore 121, 122 which is used so that the cutting discs 111, 112 can be slid onto the respective comminuting shaft 11, 12. Each cutting disc 111, 112 has a total of eight comminuting cutting elements 110, 120 in the form of cutting teeth arranged uniformly in the peripheral direction.

(19) On the side of the first comminuting shaft 11, the first screening device 30 is configured with a first screening wall 31 which has a curved surface. Similarly to this, on the part of the second comminuting shaft 12, the second screening device 40 is configured with a second screening wall 41 which has a curved surface. The curvature of the first screening wall 31 and the curvature of the second screening wall 41 are mirror-symmetrical with a center plane B. A clearing device 50, 60 is configured in each case in the through-flow direction C behind the screening devices 30, 40. The clearing devices 50, 60 each have an axial longitudinal bore 123, 124 which is used to enable the respective clearing device 50, 60 to be slipped onto the respective clearing shaft. Each clearing device 50, 60 has, as described above, a total of three clearing rakes 52a-c, 62a-c. The embodiment of the curvature of the clearing rakes in the first clearing device 50 in the opposite direction to the curvature of the clearing rakes of the second clearing device 60 means that a removal of foreign substances in the direction of the first comminuting shaft 11 and the second comminuting shaft 12 is guaranteed.

(20) The direction of rotation of the comminuting shafts and the clearing shaft base body is denoted by arrows D, E, F, G in FIG. 4b.