SOLAR RADIATION ABSORBING PANEL

Abstract

This invention relates to flat plate solar collectors and, particularly, to solar panels applied in these flat plate solar collectors.

The proposed solar panel is designed as a shallow box, with rear and front walls, which are conditionally vertically positioned a most part of the external surface of the front wall is provided with a coating absorbing solar radiation.

In addition, the internal side of the rear wall is joined with an auxiliary perforated sheet.

There is a rectangular pipe, which is installed vertically or horizontally on the exterior side of the front wall and serves for passage of a liquid to be heated.

The solar panel is functioning as a flat heat pipe with zones of evaporation and condensation on the front wall.

Elastic deformations of the front and rear walls under difference between atmospheric and internal pressure allows to prevent overheating of liquid in the vertical rectangular pipe.

Claims

1. A solar radiation absorbing panel in the form of a shallow box; said shallow box comprises: a rectangular frame; a front wall, which is conditionally positioned vertically; said front wall is provided with a solar radiation absorbing coating on a most part of its exterior side; said front wall is joined sealingly with said rectangular frame; a vertical rectangular pipe, which is joined with the exterior side of said front wall with tight thermo-conducting contact; a rear wall, which is sealingly joined with said rectangular frame; the internal space of said shallow box is evacuated at least partially from non-condensable gases and filled with a working fluid and its vapour; an auxiliary sheet with an array of perforations; the side of said auxiliary sheet, which is facing said front wall, is provided with a rectangular wick, which is joined with said auxiliary sheet; said rectangular wick is provided with an array of perforations overlapped with said perforations of said auxiliary sheet; positions of said wick's perforations conform location of the vertical zone of the front wall occupied by said vertical rectangular pipe; said auxiliary sheet is joined with said rear wall at two opposite edges of said auxiliary sheet; said rear wall and said auxiliary sheet are joined additionally at some points by interlocking means; the internal space of said shallow box is filled with a working fluid and its vapour.

2. The solar radiation absorbing panel in the form of a shallow box as claimed in claim 1, wherein there is a vertical metal saddle, which is installed on the external side of the front wall by gluing, welding, soldering or brazing; said vertical metal saddle is provided with a vertical rectangular recess serving for fastening the vertical rectangular pipe with application of thermo-conducting grease.

3. The solar radiation absorbing panel in the form of a shallow box as claimed in claim 2, wherein the edges of the front and rear walls immediately sealingly joined without usage of a frame.

4. The solar radiation absorbing panel in the form of a shallow box as claimed in claim 1, wherein there is a horizontal metal saddle, which is installed on the external side of the front wall by gluing, welding, soldering or brazing; said horizontal metal saddle is provided with a horizontal rectangular recess serving for fastening a horizontal rectangular pipe with application of thermo-conducting grease.

5. The solar radiation absorbing panel in the form of a shallow box as claimed in claim 4, wherein the edges of the front and rear walls sealingly joined immediately without usage of a frame.

6. The solar radiation absorbing panel in the form of a shallow box as claimed in claim 2, wherein the vertical metal saddle is provided with a vertical arc-wise recess serving for fastening a vertical circular pipe with application of thermo-conducting grease, soldering or gluing.

7. The solar radiation absorbing panel in the form of a shallow box as claimed in claim 2, wherein the vertical metal saddle is provided with a vertical arc-wise recess serving for fastening a vertical circular pipe with application of thermo-conducting grease, soldering or gluing; the internal surface of the vertical circular pipe is covered with an anti-corrosion coating.

8. The solar radiation absorbing panel in the form of a shallow box as claimed in claim 1, wherein said vertical rectangular pipe is covered with a solar radiation absorbing coating.

9. The solar radiation absorbing panel in the form of a shallow box as claimed in claim 1, wherein said vertical rectangular pipe is covered with a coating, which possesses high value coefficient of emissivity in the infrared range of electromagnetic radiation.

10. The solar radiation absorbing panel in the form of a shallow box as claimed in claim 1, wherein said interlocking means are realized as a set of helixes, which are fixed on the rear wall and the auxiliary sheet by strips and clamps.

11. The solar radiation absorbing panel in the form of a shallow box as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rear wall is provided with an array of dimples directed outwards, said rear wall and auxiliary sheet are manufactured from ferromagnetic metals, and the interlocking means are realized as a set of permanent magnets; each said permanent magnet is partially positioned in one of said dimples.

12. The solar radiation absorbing panel in the form of a shallow box as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rectangular pipe is installed horizontally on the upper exterior section of the front wall and the rectangular wick is positioned and fixed on the lower section of the auxiliary sheet; said rectangular wick is not provided with perforations.

13. The solar radiation absorbing panel in the form of a shallow box as claimed in claim 1, wherein the internal side of the rectangular pipe, which is in contact with the front wall, is provided with longitudinal fins.

14. The solar radiation absorbing panel in the form of a shallow box as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vertical rectangular pipe is provided with an insert, which is reversable deformed with water freezing.

15. The solar radiation absorbing panel in the form of a shallow box as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lower section of the exterior side of the front wall, when the height of this lower section somewhat below the level of working fluid in said shallow box is un-covered with a coating absorbing the visible spectrum of solar radiation.

16. The solar radiation absorbing panel in the form of a shallow box as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lower section of the exterior side of the front wall, when the height of this lower section somewhat below the level of working fluid in said shallow box is covered with a coating with low value of its absorption coefficient of visible spectrum radiation (less than 0.5) and significantly high value (more than 0.9) of its emissivity in the infrared range of electromagnetic spectrum.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] FIG. 1 demonstrates a transverse cross-section of a vertical rectangular pipe to be installed on the exterior side of a front wall.

[0054] FIG. 2a demonstrates the front view of the front wall with an installed vertical saddle provided with a vertical rectangular recess.

[0055] FIG. 2b demonstrates the front view of the front wall with the installed vertical saddle provided with the vertical rectangular recess and the rectangular pipe fastened in this rectangular recess.

[0056] FIG. 2c demonstrates the front view of the front wall with the installed horizontal saddle provided with the horizontal rectangular recess.

[0057] FIG. 2d demonstrates the front view of the front wall with the installed horizontal saddle provided with the horizontal rectangular recess and the rectangular pipe installed in this rectangular recess.

[0058] FIG. 3a demonstrates a front view of a wick with perforations.

[0059] FIG. 3b demonstrates the shorter version of the wick without perforations.

[0060] FIG. 4a and FIG. 4b demonstrate an axial contour and lateral view of a helix applied for interlocking of a rear wall and auxiliary sheet.

[0061] FIG. 5a demonstrates a horizontal transverse cross-section of a solar radiation absorbing panel and a rectangular pipe installed via a vertical saddle on a front wall of the solar radiation absorbing panel with a helix applied for interlocking between a rear wall and an auxiliary sheet.

[0062] FIG. 5b demonstrates a vertical transverse cross-section A-A of the solar radiation absorbing panel and the rectangular pipe installed via the vertical saddle on the front wall of the solar radiation absorbing panel with the helixes applied for interlocking between a rear wall and the auxiliary sheet.

[0063] FIG. 6a demonstrates a horizontal transverse cross-section of a solar radiation absorbing panel and a rectangular pipe installed via a horizontal saddle on a front wall of the solar radiation absorbing panel with a helix applied for interlocking between a rear wall and an auxiliary sheet.

[0064] FIG. 6b demonstrates a vertical transverse cross-section A-A of the solar radiation absorbing panel and the rectangular pipe installed via the auxiliary sheet horizontal saddle on the front wall of the solar radiation absorbing panel with the helixes applied for interlocking between a rear wall and an auxiliary sheet.

[0065] FIG. 7a demonstrates a horizontal transverse cross-section of a solar radiation absorbing panel and a rectangular pipe installed on the front wall of the solar radiation absorbing panel via a vertical saddle, and with a set of permanent magnets applied for interlocking between a rear wall and an auxiliary sheet.

[0066] FIG. 7b demonstrates a vertical transverse cross-section A-A of the solar radiation absorbing panel with the rectangular pipe installed via the vertical saddle on the front wall of the solar radiation absorbing panel with a set of permanent magnets applied for interlocking between the rear wall and the auxiliary sheet.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0067] FIG. 1 demonstrates a transverse cross-section of a vertical rectangular pipe to be installed on the exterior side of a front wall.

[0068] It comprises: pipe 101; internal fins 102; an internal insert 103 from a porous rubber with closed porosity.

[0069] FIG. 2a demonstrates the front view of a front wall with an installed vertical saddle provided with a longitudinal rectangular recess.

[0070] It comprises the front wall 201; the vertical saddle 202 and its longitudinal rectangular recess 203.

[0071] FIG. 2b demonstrates the front view of the front wall with the installed vertical saddle provided with the vertical rectangular recess and a rectangular pipe installed in this rectangular recess.

[0072] It comprises the front wall 201; the vertical metal saddle 202 and its vertical rectangular recess 203; the rectangular pipe 204, which is installed in the vertical rectangular recess 203. The rectangular pipe 204 is fixed in the longitudinal recess 203 by pipe clips 205 and threaded studs 206.

[0073] FIG. 2c demonstrates the front view of the front wall with the installed horizontal saddle provided with the horizontal rectangular recess.

[0074] It comprises the front wall 201; a horizontal saddle 207 and its horizontal rectangular recess 208.

[0075] FIG. 2d demonstrates the front view of the front wall with the installed horizontal saddle provided with the horizontal rectangular recess and the rectangular pipe installed in this rectangular recess.

[0076] It comprises the front wall 201; a horizontal saddle 207; a rectangular pipe 209, which is installed in a horizontal rectangular recess 208. The rectangular pipe 209 is fixed in the horizontal recess 208 by pipe clips 210 and threaded studs 211.

[0077] FIG. 3a demonstrates a front view of a wick with perforations. It comprises wick 301 itself and its perforations 302.

[0078] FIG. 3b demonstrates a front view of the shorter version of the wick without perforations.

[0079] It comprises wick 303 itself.

[0080] FIG. 4a and FIG. 4b demonstrate an axial contour and lateral view of a helix applied for mutual interlocking of a rear wall and an auxiliary sheet.

[0081] It comprises helix 401 itself.

[0082] FIG. 5a demonstrates a horizontal transverse cross-section in co-ordinates XZ of a solar radiation absorbing panel and a rectangular pipe installed via a vertical saddle on a front wall of the solar radiation absorbing panel. The helixes are applied for interlocking a rear wall and an auxiliary sheet.

[0083] FIG. 5a comprises: a rectangular frame 501, a front wall 502 with a solar radiation absorbing coating 503, a vertical saddle 504 installed on the exterior side of the front wall 502 and a vertical rectangular pipe 505, which is joined with the vertical saddle 504 with tight thermo-conducting contact. This thermo-conducting contact can be ensured by welding, soldering or gluing.

[0084] A rear wall 506 and the front wall 502 are sealingly joined with frame 501.

[0085] There is an auxiliary sheet 507 with an array of perforations 508. The side of the auxiliary sheet 507 facing the front wall 502, is provided with a rectangular wick 509, which is joined with this auxiliary sheet 507.

[0086] The rectangular wick 509 is provided with an array of perforations 510 overlapped with perforations 508 of the auxiliary sheet 507.

[0087] The auxiliary sheet 507 and the rear wall 506 are mutually interlocked by helix 511, strips 512 and holding clamps 513.

[0088] It should be noted that the external side of the front wall 501, which is not occupied by the vertical saddle 502, is covered by coating 503, which absorbs solar radiation. This coating 503 can be a black paint or a selective coating with high coefficient of solar radiation absorption in the visible range of the solar spectrum (above 70%) and low emissivity in the infrared range of the electromagnetic spectrum (less than 20%).

[0089] The vertical saddle 502 and the outer walls of the vertical rectangular pipe 505 can be alternatively covered or not covered with a coating absorbing solar radiation.

[0090] This coating can be of different optical characteristics (absorption in the visible range of spectrum and emissivity in the infrared of spectrum) than the exterior coating of the front wall.

[0091] FIG. 5b demonstrates a vertical transverse cross-section A-A in co-ordinates Y Z (Y is the vertical co-ordinate) of the solar radiation absorbing panel and a rectangular pipe installed via a vertical saddle on a front wall of the solar radiation absorbing panel. The helixes are applied for interlocking the rear wall and the auxiliary sheet.

[0092] FIG. 5b comprises: the rectangular frame 501, the front wall 502 with the solar radiation absorbing coating 503, the vertical saddle 504 installed on the exterior side of the front wall 502 and a vertical rectangular pipe 505, which is joined with the vertical saddle 504 with tight thermo-conducting contact. This thermo-conducting contact can be ensured by welding, soldering or gluing.

[0093] A rear wall 506 is sealingly joined with frame 501.

[0094] There is the auxiliary sheet 507 with the array of perforations 508. The side of the auxiliary sheet 507 facing the front wall 502, is provided with the rectangular wick 509, which is joined with this auxiliary sheet 507.

[0095] The rectangular wick 509 is provided with the array of perforations 510 overlapped with perforations 508 of the auxiliary sheet 507.

[0096] The auxiliary sheet 507 and the rear wall 506 are mutually interlocked by helixes 511, strips 512 and holding clamps 513.

[0097] In addition, two opposite edges of the auxiliary sheet 507 are joined with the rear wall 506.

[0098] FIG. 6a demonstrates a transverse cross-section in co-ordinates Y Z (Y is the vertical co-ordinate) of a solar radiation absorbing panel, when a rectangular pipe is installed via a horizontal saddle on a front wall of the solar radiation absorbing panel.

[0099] Helixes are applied for interlocking a rear wall and an auxiliary sheet.

[0100] FIG. 6a comprises: a rectangular frame 601, a front wall 602 with a solar radiation absorbing coating 603, a horizontal saddle 604 installed on the exterior side of the front wall 602 and a horizontal rectangular pipe 605, which is joined with the horizontal saddle 604 with tight thermo-conducting contact. This thermo-conducting contact can be ensured by welding, soldering or gluing.

[0101] A rear wall 606 and the front wall 602 are sealingly joined with frame 601.

[0102] There is an auxiliary sheet 607 with an array of perforations 608. The side of the auxiliary sheet 607, which is facing the front wall 602, is provided with a rectangular wick 609 joined with this auxiliary sheet 607.

[0103] The auxiliary sheet 607 and the rear wall 606 are mutually interlocked by helix 610, strips 611 and holding clamps 612.

[0104] FIG. 6b demonstrates a horizontal transverse cross-section A-A in co-ordinates XZ of the solar radiation absorbing panel and the rectangular pipe installed via a horizontal saddle on a front wall of the solar radiation absorbing panel. The helixes are applied for mutual interlocking the rear wall and the auxiliary sheet.

[0105] FIG. 6b comprises: a rectangular frame 601, a front wall 602 with a solar radiation absorbing coating 603, a horizontal saddle 604 installed on the exterior side of the front wall 602 and a horizontal rectangular pipe 605, which is joined with the horizontal saddle 604 with tight thermo-conducting contact. This thermo-conducting contact can be ensured by welding, soldering or gluing.

[0106] A rear wall 606 and the front wall 602 are sealingly joined with frame 601.

[0107] There is an auxiliary sheet 607 with an array of perforations 608.

[0108] The auxiliary sheet 607 and the rear wall 606 are mutually interlocked by helixes 610, strips 611 and holding clamps 612.

[0109] FIG. 7a demonstrates a horizontal transverse cross-section in co-ordinates XZ of a solar radiation absorbing panel and a vertical rectangular pipe installed via a vertical saddle on a front wall of the solar radiation absorbing panel. A set of permanent magnets is applied for mutual interlocking a rear wall and an auxiliary sheet of the solar radiation absorbing panel.

[0110] FIG. 7a comprises: a rectangular frame 701, a front wall 702 with a solar radiation absorbing coating 703, a vertical saddle 704 installed on the exterior side of the front wall 702 and a vertical rectangular pipe 705, which is joined with the vertical saddle 704 with tight thermo-conducting contact. This thermo-conducting contact can be ensured by welding, soldering or gluing.

[0111] A rear wall 706 and the front wall 702 are sealingly joined with frame 701.

[0112] There is an auxiliary sheet 707 with an array of perforations 708. The side of the auxiliary sheet 707 facing the front wall 702, is provided with a rectangular wick 709, which is joined with this auxiliary sheet 707.

[0113] The rectangular wick 709 is provided with an array of perforations 710 overlapped with perforations 708 of the auxiliary sheet 707.

[0114] The rear wall 706 and the auxiliary sheet 707 are preferably manufactured from ferromagnetic steel, and the rear wall is provided with an array of dimples 711 directed outwards.

[0115] The auxiliary sheet 707 and the rear wall 706 are mutually interlocked by permanent magnets 712, which are partially located in dimples 711.

[0116] FIG. 7b demonstrates a vertical transverse cross-section A-A in co-ordinates Y Z (Y is the vertical co-ordinate) of the solar radiation absorbing panel, when the permanent magnets are applied for interlocking between the rear wall and the auxiliary sheet.

[0117] FIG. 7b comprises: the rectangular frame 701, the front wall 702 with the solar radiation absorbing coating 703, the vertical saddle 704 installed on the exterior side of the front wall 702 and the vertical rectangular pipe 705, which is joined with the longitudinal saddle 704 with tight thermo-conducting contact. This thermo-conducting contact can be ensured by welding, soldering or gluing.

[0118] The rear wall 706 and the front wall 702 are sealingly joined with frame 701.

[0119] There is the auxiliary sheet 707 with an array of perforations 708. The side of the auxiliary sheet 707 facing the front wall 702, is provided with a rectangular wick 709, which is joined with this auxiliary sheet 707.

[0120] The rectangular wick 709 is provided with an array of perforations 710 overlapped with perforations 708 of the auxiliary sheet 707.

[0121] The rear wall 706 and the auxiliary sheet 707 are preferably manufactured from ferromagnetic steel, and the rear wall is provided with an array of dimples 711 directed outwards.

[0122] The auxiliary sheet 707 and the rear wall 706 are mutually interlocked by permanent magnets 712, which are partially located in dimples 711.