TRANSPARENT, SHATTERPROOF, BULLET-RESISTANT GLAZING WITH FIRE PROTECTION PROPERTIES

Abstract

A transparent, shatterproof, bullet-resistant glazing with fire protection properties, consisting of a ballistic block constructed from at least two transparent panes adherently bonded to one another by at least one transparent, adhesion-promoting layer, wherein each pane has a thickness of at least 3 mm, a fire protection unit constructed from at least two transparent panes adherently bonded by a transparent, intumescent layer, and at least one spacer between the fire protection unit and the ballistic block, the surfaces of the unit and the block being arranged parallel or substantially parallel to one another such that a hollow space is situated therebetween.

Claims

1. A transparent, shatterproof, bullet-resistant glazing with fire protection properties, consisting of a ballistic block constructed from at least two transparent panes adherently bonded to one another by at least one transparent, adhesion-promoting layer, wherein each pane has a thickness of at least 3 mm, a fire protection unit constructed from at least two transparent panes adherently bonded by a transparent, intumescent layer, and at least one spacer between the fire protection unit and the ballistic block, the surfaces of said fire protection unit and said ballistic block being arranged parallel or substantially parallel to one another such that a hollow space is situated therebetween.

2. The glazing according to claim 1, which is fitted into a peripheral, bullet-proof frame.

3. The glazing according to claim 1, wherein the adhesion-promoting layers of the ballistic block are made of films of a plastic, selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl butyral, ethylene vinyl acetate, and polyurethane.

4. The glazing according to claim 1, wherein the ballistic block is a unit with splintering per standard EN1063.

5. The glazing according to claim 1, wherein the at least one transparent, intumescent layer of the transparent fire protection unit is constructed from alkali silicates and/or with salt-filled, aqueous acrylic polymers.

6. The glazing according to claim 5, wherein the at least one transparent, intumescent layer is UV-protected.

7. The glazing according to claim 1, wherein the ballistic block is constructed from two to eight panes.

8. The glazing according to claim 1, wherein the transparent panes are glass panes.

9. The glazing according to claim 8, wherein the transparent panes are constructed from soda lime glass.

10. The glazing according to claim 1, wherein the ballistic block has at least four panes and the fire protection unit has at least three panes.

11. The glazing according to claim 1, wherein the spacer is arranged completely peripherally in an edge region between the ballistic block and the fire protection unit.

12. The glazing according to claim 1, wherein the spacer is constructed from at least one bullet-resistant, hardly flammable or noncombustible material.

13. A method for producing a transparent, shatterproof, bullet-resistant glazing with fire protection properties according to claim 1 by (a) constructing a laminate composite by precise, alternating superimpositioning of glass panes and films positioned therebetween and introducing in the bag method into an autoclave furnace and adherently bonding the glass panes and the films to form a composite safety glass, which forms the ballistic block, (b) constructing a laminate composite by precise, alternating superimpositioning of glass panes and transparent, intumescent layers and introducing in the bag method into an autoclave furnace and adherently bonding the glass panes and the intumescent layers to form a composite, which forms the fire protection unit, and (c) adherently bonding the ballistic block to the fire protection unit by a peripheral spacer such that a hollow space is formed between the ballistic block and the fire protection unit.

14. A method comprising utilizing a transparent, shatterproof, bullet-resistant glazing with fire protection properties according to claim 1 as an architectural construction element in a buildings.

15. The method according to claim 14, wherein the ballistic block faces an attack side and the fire protection unit faces a protected side.

16. The method according to claim 14, wherein the building is a museum, a bank, an airport, a terminal, or a railway station.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[0044] The invention is described in detail with reference to an exemplary embodiment and a comparative example according to the prior art. They depict in simplified, not-to-scale representation:

[0045] FIG. 1 a vertical longitudinal section through a detail of the transparent, shatterproof, bullet-resistant glazing with fire protection properties and

[0046] FIG. 2 a vertical longitudinal section through a detail of a transparent, non-shatterproof, bullet-resistant glazing with fire protection properties according to the prior art.

[0047] In the figures, the reference characters have the following meaning: [0048] 1 transparent, shatterproof, bullet-resistant glazing with fire protection properties [0049] 1a transparent, non-shatterproof, bullet-resistant glazing with fire protection properties [0050] 2 transparent fire protection unit [0051] 2.1 pane of the transparent fire protection unit 2 [0052] 2.2 transparent, intumescent layer [0053] 3 ballistic block [0054] 3.1 pane of the ballistic block [0055] 3.2 transparent, adhesion-promoting layer [0056] 3.3 transparent, adhesion-promoting layer between the transparent fire protection unit 2 and the ballistic block 3 [0057] 4 spacer [0058] A impact side [0059] B impact direction [0060] H hollow space [0061] I the inner side opposite impact side A [0062] M monolithic glazing [0063] S direction of splintering

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1

[0064] FIG. 1 depicts a vertical longitudinal section of a detail of an embodiment of the transparent, shatterproof, bullet-resistant glazing 1 with fire protection properties according to the invention. The glazing 1 according to the invention was fixed in a suitable, bullet-resistant steel frame (not shown).

[0065] The fire protection unit 2 was constructed from three 4-mm-thick glass panes 2.1 made of soda lime glass and two 3-mm-thick, transparent alkali silicate layers 2.2 positioned therebetween. The alkali silicate layers 2.2 were UV-protected. Examples of suitable UV stabilizers are known from the German patent application DE 10 2005 006 748 A1.

[0066] The ballistic block 3 was constructed from six 4-mm-thick glass panes 3.1 made of soda lime glass and five 0.76-mm-thick polyvinyl butyral-films (PVB).

[0067] Used as spacer 4 was a suitable peripheral frame made of a rectangular tube made of stainless steel. The rectangular tube 4 had a square cross-section with a side length of 6 mm and a wall thickness of 1 mm. The frame 4 was first glued using a glass-metal adhesive on the side of the ballistic block 3 facing away from the impact side A. Then, the fire protection unit 2 was likewise bonded to the frame 4 with a glass-metal adhesive on the side positioned opposite the inner side I such that a closed hollow space H resulted between the ballistic block 3 and the fire protection unit 2. The hollow space H could also be filled with argon in order to reduce the thermal transfer to the fire protection unit 2. Moreover, the hollow space H could be equipped with devices for pressure equalization.

[0068] The glazing according to the invention 1 had excellent bullet-resistant properties. When, with a bombardment B, a release of splinters S occurred, they were caught in the hollow space H of the stable fire protection unit 2 and, consequently, could no longer enter into the interior that was to be protected. In this manner, the bullet-resistant effect and the splinter safety of the glazing 1 was significantly improved. On the other hand, the ballistic block 3 contributed significantly to the fire protection by the fire protection unit 2. Thus, flames on the impact side A had to first overcome the ballistic block 3, after which they were effectively stopped by the fire protection unit 2.

FIG. 2

[0069] FIG. 2 depicts a vertical longitudinal section through a detail of a monolithic, transparent, non-shatterproof, bullet-resistant glazing 1a with fire protection properties according to the prior art.

[0070] The same materials and dimensions were used for the monolithic, transparent, non-shatterproof, bullet-resistant glazing 1a with fire protection properties as with the glazing 1 of FIG. 1.

[0071] The glazing 1a consisted of a fire protection unit 2 with two glass panes 2.1 made of soda lime glass that were bonded to one another via a transparent, intumescent layer. The fire protection unit 2 was arranged on the impact side A of the glazing 1a and adherently bonded to the ballistic block 3 via a PVB film 3.3. The ballistic block 3 was constructed from three glass panes 3.1 made of soda lime glass that were adherently bonded to one another via two PVB films.

[0072] With a bombardment B, the projectiles first struck the fire protection unit 2, which, however, offered no effective protection against projectile penetration. If the projectiles then, virtually unchecked, struck the ballistic block B, there was a great risk that outgoing splinters S penetrated into the interior and severely injured individuals situated there. Another substantial disadvantage of the monolithic glazing 1a was that it was difficult to manufacture and its production was associated with high reject rates.