DENTAL IMPLANT SYSTEM

Abstract

A dental implant system has a dental implant (1) provided with an implant frustoconical cavity (2); an abutment (19) having an abutment post (20) of size and shape such as to be permanently retained in the implant frustoconical cavity (2) and an abutment head (22) suitable for supporting a dental crown (13); a dental transfer (4) having a transfer post (5) intended to be inserted into the implant frustoconical cavity (2) before an impression taking, and a transfer head (7) identical to the abutment head (22) of the abutment (19); and an implant analog (11) having an analog internal cavity (16) suitable for receiving the transfer post (5), and an outer surface (14) provided with undercuts (15) to be retained inside a plaster model (12) in casting a dental model into said impression. The implant frustoconical cavity (2) of the dental implant (1) is a through hole.

Claims

1. A dental implant system, comprising a dental implant (1; 100; 30; 40; 50; 70), having an implant frustoconical cavity (2; 200; 31; 41; 51; 71) with an apical end thereof, an abutment (19) having an abutment post (20) of size and shape such as to be permanently retained in the implant frustoconical cavity (2; 200; 31; 41; 51; 71) of the dental implant (1; 100; 30; 40; 50; 70) and an abutment head (22) suitable for supporting a dental crown (13), a dental transfer (4; 400) having a transfer post (5; 500) intended to be inserted into the implant frustoconical cavity (2; 200; 31; 41; 51; 71) of the dental implant (1; 100; 30; 40; 50; 70) before an impression taking, and a transfer head (7) identical to the abutment head (22) of the abutment (19), and an implant analog (11) having an analog internal cavity (16) suitable for receiving the transfer post (5; 500) of the dental transfer (4; 400), and an outer surface (14) provided with undercuts (15) so that the implant analog (11) is retained inside a plaster model (12) in casting a dental model into said impression, the dental implant system being characterized in that the implant frustoconical cavity (2; 200; 31; 41; 51; 71) of the dental implant (1; 100; 30; 40; 50; 70) is a through hole.

2. The dental implant system according to claim 1, wherein the transfer post (5; 500) has: a first frustoconical surface portion (9) that borders superiorly with the transfer head (7) and has a taper identical to that of a corresponding portion of the abutment post (20), and a remaining second frustoconical surface portion (10; 101) having a taper lower than that of a corresponding portion of the abutment post (20), so that the dental transfer (4; 400) is adapted to be retained in the implant frustoconical cavity (2; 200; 31; 41; 51; 71) by friction with the first frustoconical surface portion (9) for impression taking.

3. The dental implant system according to claim 1, wherein the implant frustoconical cavity (2) includes a not round implant end space (3) communicating with the apical end thereof, the abutment post (20) has a not round abutment post end (21) intended to be received in the not round implant end space (3), the analog internal cavity (16) includes a not round analog bottom (18), and the transfer post (5) has a not round transfer post end (6) intended to be received in the not round analog bottom (18).

4. The dental implant system according to claim 3, wherein the not round implant end space (3) has hexagonal prismatic shape, the not round abutment post end (21) is hexagonal prismatic, the not round analog bottom (18) has hexagonal prismatic shape, and the not round transfer post end (6) is hexagonal prismatic.

5. The dental implant system according to claim 1, wherein the analog internal cavity (16) has a top portion (17) of a frustoconical shape identical to the corresponding portion of the implant frustoconical cavity (2) so that the first frustoconical surface portion (9; 900) of the dental transfer (4; 400) adheres with the top portion (17) by friction.

6. The dental implant system according to claim 1, wherein the extension of the first frustoconical surface portion (9) of the transfer post (5) with not round end (6) is a quarter of the extension of the second frustoconical surface portion (10) of the transfer post (5).

7. The dental implant system according to claim 1, wherein the extension of the first frustoconical surface portion (900) of the transfer post (500) with round end is a half of the extension of the second frustoconical surface portion (101) of the transfer post (500).

8. The dental implant system according to claim 1, wherein the implant frustoconical cavity (31; 41; 51; 71) has a Morse tapering.

9. The dental implant system according to claim 1, wherein the dental implant (1; 30) is a screw dental implant.

10. The dental implant system according to claim 8, wherein the dental implant (40; 50; 70) is a platform dental implant.

11. The dental implant system according to claim 10, wherein the dental implant (40; 50) have platforms (42; 52) with a rectangular cross-section.

12. The dental implant system according to claim 11, wherein the dental implant (50) has end platforms (53) tapered towards opposite implant ends (54, 55).

13. The dental implant system according to claim 10, wherein the dental implant (70) has platforms (72) with a rectangular cross-section terminating with a triangle.

14. The dental implant system according to claim 1, wherein the implant frustoconical cavity (200; 31; 41; 51; 71) of the dental implants (100; 30; 40; 50; 70) is adapt to be closed by a frustoconical cap (60).

15. The dental implant system according to claim 14, wherein the frustoconical cap (60) is of a plastic material and has on top a blind hole (61) to be removed.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Further features and advantages of the present invention will become most evident from the description of embodiments of a dental implant system, illustrated by way of an example in the accompanying drawings in which:

[0017] FIG. 1 is a central longitudinal section of a dental implant according to the present invention;

[0018] FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of a transfer according to the present invention;

[0019] FIG. 3 is a side view of the transfer of FIG. 2 inserted in a model implant analog, represented in cross-section, that was obtained from an impression, on the transfer being a tooth crown represented with a dashed line;

[0020] FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of an abutment to be inserted stably in the implant in FIG. 1;

[0021] FIG. 5 is a partially cross-sectioned side view of the abutment in FIG. 4 complete with a dental crown shown with a dashed line and inserted in the implant in FIG. 1;

[0022] FIG. 6 is a central longitudinal section of a first variant of the dental implant according to the present invention;

[0023] FIG. 7 is a schematic side view of a first transfer variant according to the present invention;

[0024] FIG. 8 is a central longitudinal section of a second variant of the dental implant according to the present invention;

[0025] FIG. 9 is a central longitudinal section of a third variant of the dental implant according to the present invention;

[0026] FIG. 10 is a side view of a fourth variant of the dental implant according to the present invention and of a cap shown exploded with respect to the implant;

[0027] FIG. 11 is an assembled central longitudinal cross-section of the fourth variant of the dental implant with the cap; and

[0028] FIG. 12 is a central longitudinal section of a fifth variant of the dental implant according to the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

[0029] Reference is initially made to FIG. 1 which is a central longitudinal section of a dental implant according to the present invention. The dental implant, which is indicated generally as 1, is represented as of the screw type, but in the following it is shown that it could also be different, such as of a plateau type. Designated as 2 is a frustoconical cavity which is a longitudinal through hole for the insertion of an abutment complete with a dental crown. The frustoconical cavity 2 has, on a side opposite to the insertion side of the abutment, that is to say in its base or apical end, a non-round end space 3, for example of hexagonal prismatic shape. Thanks to the fact that the frustoconical cavity 2 is a longitudinal through hole, the dimensions of the implant 1 are reduced, even by 0.3-2 mm, compared to a conventional implant without a through cavity.

[0030] FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of a transfer according to the present invention. Traditionally, the transfer, indicated generally as 4, has a transfer post 5 terminating inferiorly with a non-round end conforming to that of the end space 3, for example a hexagonal prismatic end 6, such as to be inserted in the end hexagonal prismatic space 3 of the frustoconical cavity 2. Furthermore, the transfer 4 has a transfer head 7 intended to support a dental crown. The transfer head 7 is shown as having a frustoconical shape tapered on the side opposite to the transfer post 5. As is known, the transfer head 7 has a lightening 8 or the like to indicate the orientation of the transfer 4. According to the present invention, the transfer post 5 has a first frustoconical superficial retaining portion 9, bordering at the top with the transfer head 7, and a second frustoconical surface portion 10 with a taper lower than that of the first frustoconical surface portion 9. Preferably, the extension of the first frustoconical surface retaining portion 9 is a quarter of the extension of the second frustoconical surface portion 10. Such a configuration of the transfer 4, that is double-conical, is useful for impression taking on the implant 1 in FIG. 1. In fact, the first frustoconical retaining portion 9 has the same conicity as the frustoconical cavity 2 of the implant 1. When the transfer 4 is inserted with the transfer post 5 in the frustoconical cavity 2 of the implant 1, the first frustoconical surface retaining portion 9 remains adherent due to friction in the right extent with the surface of the frustoconical cavity 2, while its hexagonal prismatic end 6 is locked to the rotation in the end hexagonal prismatic space 3 of the frustoconical cavity 2. The right measure of adherence indicated above allows the removal of the impression without the risk that the transfer 4 remains attached to the implant 1 instead of being integral with the deformable material used for impression taking.

[0031] As is known, the plaster cast is obtained on the impression, as shown schematically in FIG. 3 that comprises in a side view the transfer 4 in FIG. 1. The transfer 4 is inserted in an implant analog 11 embedded in the plaster cast 12 obtained on the impression. The plaster cast 12 is shown in partial cross-section, while a dental crown 13 represented with a dashed line is made on the transfer 4. The dental crown 13 is made by the dental technician with known techniques and materials. The implant analog 11 has an outer surface 14 provided with undercuts 15 for retaining it inside the plaster cast 12 and an internal cavity 16 for receiving the transfer post 5. An upper portion 17 of the internal cavity 16 has a frustoconical shape with the same conicity as the frustoconical cavity 2 of the implant 1 to adhere to the first frustoconical-shaped retaining portion 9 of the transfer 4, while the rest of the internal cavity 16 is not in contact with the transfer post 5. Furthermore, the internal cavity 16 has a bottom 18, to receive the hexagonal prismatic end 6 of the transfer 4.

[0032] Once manufactured, the dental crown 13 can be placed on the abutment 19 shown in the schematic side view in FIG. 4.

[0033] Schematically, the abutment 19 is of the frustoconical type tapered towards both ends. Traditionally, the abutment 19 has an abutment post 20 terminating inferiorly with a non-round end, for example hexagonal prismatic 21, of the same shape and dimensions as the hexagonal prismatic end 6 of the transfer 4. The abutment 19 has an abutment head 22 intended for supporting a dental crown. The abutment head 22 is substantially identical to the transfer head 7. The abutment head 22 is shown as a frustoconical shape tapered on the side opposite to the abutment post 20, but could be different as well as the transfer head 7. As is known, the abutment head 22 has a lightning 8 or the like to indicate the orientation of the abutment 19. Conventionally, the abutment post 20 has a frustoconical surface to be stably retained by the surface of the frustoconical cavity 2 of the implant 1.

[0034] Reference is made to FIG. 5, which is a partially cross-sectioned side view of the abutment 19 in FIG. 4 complete with dental crown 13, that is shown by dashed line, and inserted in the implant 1 that is already installed in the patient's mouth. The dental crown 13 is cemented onto the abutment head 22. The insertion of the abutment 19, complete with dental crown 13, in the implant is performed with conventional techniques. The abutment post 20 is perfectly tightly connected to the frustoconical cavity 2 of the implant 1.

[0035] Reference should now be made to FIGS. 6 and 7 which show a central longitudinal cross-section of a first implant variant and a schematic side view of a first transfer variant, respectively, according to the present invention. A dental implant 100 is similar to that shown in FIG. 1 but, unlike the one, it does not have the not round end space, in its frustoconical cavity 200, which is a longitudinal through hole for the insertion of the abutment complete with a dental crown. In fact, the frustoconical cavity 200 extends over the entire length of the implant. This variant shown in FIG. 6 makes easier to fabricate the implant with respect to the implant 1 shown in FIG. 1.

[0036] FIG. 7 shows a first variant of transfer 400, having a transfer post 500 terminating inferiorly with a round end, unlike the transfer 4 in FIG. 2. Like that, the transfer 400 has a transfer head 7 intended to support the dental crown, the transfer head 7 having a lightning 8 to indicate the orientation of the transfer 400. Unlike the transfer 4 of FIG. 2, the transfer post 500 has a first frustoconical retaining surface portion 900, bordering at the top with the transfer head 7, having substantially double extension with respect to the first frustoconical retaining surface portion 9 in FIG. 2, at the expense of the second frustoconical surface portion 101 of lower conicity. The increase in extension depends on the need to create an adequate friction tightness, since the hexagonal prismatic end present in the transfer 4 in FIG. 2 is missing.

[0037] Reference should now be made to FIGS. 8 and 9 that show in central longitudinal cross-section a second and third variant of dental implant, respectively, according to the present invention. The second variant of dental plant in FIG. 8 is of a screw type, and the third variant of dental plant in FIG. 9 is of a plateau or platform type. Both implants have a conometric or Morse cavity, i.e. with a conicity lower than 4°.

[0038] The second variant shown in FIG. 8 and indicated with 30 has a conometric cavity 31 and the screw threads, indicated generically with 32, have a triangular cross-section.

[0039] The third variant shown in FIG. 9 and indicated with 40 has a conometric cavity 41 and the platforms, indicated generically with 42, have a rectangular cross-section.

[0040] Reference should now be made to FIGS. 10 and 11 which are a side view and a central longitudinal cross-section, respectively, of a fourth variant 50 of the dental implant according to the present invention and of a frustoconical cap 60 shown exploded with respect to the implant and assembled, respectively. The frustoconical cap 60 can also be inserted into the cavities 200, 31, 41 of the respective implants 100, 30, 40.

[0041] As the third variant 40 shown in FIG. 9, the fourth variant indicated as 50 has a conometric cavity 51 and the platforms, indicated generically as 52, have a rectangular cross-section. Furthermore, end platforms generally indicated as 53 are tapered toward implant opposite ends, that are the apical one 54 and the inlet one 55, along inclined tracts indicated generically as 56.

[0042] A fifth variant, analogously shown in FIG. 12 and indicated as 70 has a conometric cavity 71 and the platforms, indicated generically as 72, have a rectangular cross-section terminating with a triangle.

[0043] In the four variants of dental implant 30, 40, 50, 70, traditional abutments, such as the one indicated as 19 in FIG. 4 but deprived of the hexagonal end 21, can be inserted.

[0044] The frustoconical cap 60 also has a taper similar to that of the cavity 51 of the implant 50 and is made of plastic material. It has a blind hole 61 centrally in its top for its grip by means of a suitable tool in the form of a corkscrew or reamer. The cap 60 is useful to keep the implant closed, already installed in the patient's mouth, before the final abutment is inserted so that the cavity 51 of the implant is not occupied by bone that could form and insert itself apically, i.e. from the bottom, inside the implant cavity, or by gingival tissue that could insert itself from the top inside the implant cavity.

[0045] It should be understood that the dental implant system according to the present invention achieves the intended objects. Thanks to the fact that the cavity of the dental implant is a through hole, its length can be advantageously reduced. In fact, a conometric contact of only 2.5 mm is enough for giving stability to a connection between abutment and implant. This is particularly useful in cases where a so-called short implant is needed due to the reduced vertical bone size.

[0046] Moreover, the dental implant system according to the present invention allows an easy impression taking in the mouth of the patient and its easy removal from it for the construction of the model and the manufacturing of the dental crown. This will be moved by the transfer and, then, fixed on the abutment for the permanent installation of this in the patient's implant.