Abstract
A lighting module and a lighting assembly provide high irradiance at long working distances. The lighting module includes at least two rows of multiple LEDs separated from each other by an intermediate area between the rows and one integral optical element on top of the at least two rows of multiple LEDs. The one integral optical element includes one collimator lens portion per row of LEDs extending along the row of LEDs. The collimator lens portions of different rows are merged together above the intermediate area. The collimator lens portions, seen in a direction perpendicular to the at least two rows, provide an off-axis focus for the one collimator lens portion, and focus light emitted from the at least two rows of multiple LEDs in a focus line extending parallel to the rows of LEDs at a focus distance above the optical element.
Claims
1. A lighting system comprising: a printed circuit board; a first row of ultra-violet (UV) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) on a surface of the printed circuit board; a second row of UV LEDs on the surface of the printed circuit board and spaced apart from the first row of UV LEDs, wherein the UV LEDs are spaced apart within each of the first and second rows with adjacent UV LEDs having a gap between them having a distance less than half of a center-to-center distance between the adjacent UV LEDs; and an optical element comprising at least a first collimator lens portion, a second collimator lens portion, and a third portion above both the first and second collimator lens portions, the optical element disposed over the printed circuit board with the first collimator lens portion over the first row of UV LEDs and the second collimator lens portion over the second row of UV LEDs, each of the first and second collimator lens portions comprising: a recess in the optical element that encloses the first or second row of UV LEDs, the recess forming an inner refractive surface that comprises a first entrance surface configured to direct light from the first or second row of UV LEDs toward the third portion and a second entrance surface configured to direct light from the first or second row of UV LEDs in a lateral direction within the optical element, and an outer reflective surface facing away from the UV LEDs configured to collimate the light that enters the integral optical element via the second entrance surface in the lateral direction toward the third portion, wherein the lighting system has a peak irradiance (PI) above 10 W/cm.sup.2 up to a distance of 50 mm.
2. The lighting system of claim 1, wherein the first row of UV LEDs is parallel to the second row of UV LEDs.
3. The lighting system of claim 1, wherein the UV LEDs have peak wavelengths of less than 460 nm.
4. The lighting system of claim 1, further comprising a cooling element thermally coupled to a surface of the printed circuit board opposite the surface on which the LEDs are disposed.
5. The lighting system of claim 1, wherein the first entrance surface is asymmetric with respect to an optical axis of the respective first or second collimator lens portion.
6. The lighting system of claim 1, wherein the outer reflective surface surrounds the respective recess in the optical element.
7. The lighting system of claim 1, wherein the optical element is an integral optical element and the third portion connects the first and second collimator lens portions.
8. A lighting system comprising: a plurality of lighting modules, each of the plurality of lighting modules comprising: a first row of ultra-violet (UV) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) on a surface of the printed circuit board, a second row of UV LEDs on the surface of the printed circuit board and spaced apart from the first row of UV LEDs, wherein the UV LEDs are spaced apart within each of the first and second rows with adjacent UV LEDs having a gap between them having a distance less than half of a center-to-center distance between the adjacent UV LEDs; and an optical element comprising at least a first collimator lens portion, a second collimator lens portion, and a third portion above both the first and second collimator lens portions, the optical element disposed over the printed circuit board with the first collimator lens portion over the first row of UV LEDs and the second collimator lens portion over the second row of UV LEDs, each of the first and second collimator lens portions comprising: a recess in the optical element that encloses the first or second row of UV LEDs, the recess forming an inner refractive surface that comprises a first entrance surface configured to direct light from the first or second row or UV LEDs toward the third portion and a second entrance surface configured to direct light from the first or second row of UV LEDs in a lateral direction within the optical element, and an outer reflective surface facing away from the UV LEDs configured to collimate the light that enters the integral optical element via the second entrance surface in the lateral direction toward the third portion, each of the plurality of lighting modules arranged next to each other with the first row of UV LEDs aligned for each of the plurality of modules and the second row of UV LEDs aligned for each of the plurality of modules to form a continuous first row of UV LEDs and a continuous second rows of UV LEDs across each of the plurality of lighting modules, wherein the lighting system has a peak irradiance (PI) above 10 W/cm.sup.2 up to a distance of 50 mm.
9. The system of claim 8, wherein the optical element comprises a single integral optical element over all of the plurality of lighting modules.
10. The system of claim 8, further comprising a single cooling element thermally coupled to all of the plurality of lighting modules at surfaces of the printed circuit board opposite the surface on which the UV LEDs are disposed.
11. The system of claim 8, wherein the contiguous first row of UV LEDs is parallel to the contiguous second row of UV LEDs.
12. The system of claim 8, wherein the UV LEDs have peak wavelengths of less than 460 nm.
13. A method of manufacturing a lighting system, the method comprising: arranging a plurality of ultra-violet (UV) LEDs in a first row and a second row on a surface of at least one printed circuit board to form at least one lighting module, the second row of UV LEDs spaced apart from the first row of UV LEDs, wherein the UV LEDs are spaced apart within each of the first and second rows with adjacent UV LEDs having a gap between them having a distance less than half of a center-to-center distance between the adjacent UV LEDs; and obtaining an optical element comprising at least a first collimator lens portion, a second collimator lens portion, and a third portion above both the first and second collimator lens portions, each of the first and second collimator lens portions comprising: a recess in the optical element that encloses the first or second row of UV LEDs, the recess forming an inner refractive surface that comprises a first entrance surface configured to direct light from the first or second row or UV LEDs toward the third portion and a second entrance surface configured to direct light from the first or second row of UV LEDs in a lateral direction within the optical element, and an outer reflective surface facing away from the UV LEDs configured to collimate the light that enters the integral optical element via the second entrance surface in the lateral direction toward the third portion; and arranging the optical element over the UV LEDs with the first collimator lens portion over the first row of UV LEDs and the second collimator lens portion over the second row of UV LEDs, wherein the lighting system has a peak irradiance (PI) above 10 W/cm.sup.2 up to a distance of 50 mm.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein the at least one lighting module comprises a plurality of lighting modules, and the method further comprises: arranging the plurality of light modules next to each other; and aligning the first row of UV LEDs in each module and aligning the second row of UV LEDs in each module to form a continuous first row of UV LEDs and a continuous second rows of UV LEDs across each of the plurality of lighting modules.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein the arranging the optical element over the UV LEDs comprises arranging one optical element over all of the plurality of lighting modules.
16. The method of claim 14, further comprising attaching a single cooling element to surfaces of the printed circuit board of each of the plurality of modules opposite the surface on which the UV LEDs are disposed.
17. The method of claim 13, further comprising attaching a cooling element to a surface of the circuit board opposite the surface on which the UV LEDs are disposed.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING(S)
(1) These and other aspects of the invention will be apparent from and elucidated with reference to the embodiments described hereinafter.
(2) The invention will now be described, by way of example, based on embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
(3) In the drawings:
(4) FIG. 1 shows a principle sketch of the lighting module according to the present invention (a) in a top view onto the front side, (b) in a top view onto the backside, and (c) in a side view.
(5) FIG. 2 shows a principle sketch of the lighting assembly according to the present invention (a) in a top view onto the front side, (b) in a top view onto the backside, and (c) in a perspective view.
(6) FIG. 3 shows a principle sketch of the optical element focusing the light emitted from the rows of LEDs of a lighting module or lighting assembly according to the present invention.
(7) FIG. 4 shows the peak irradiance as a function of the distance from the optical element of lighting modules with and without an optical element as shown in FIG. 1-3.
(8) FIG. 5 shows a principle sketch of the method to manufacture the lighting module according to the present invention.
(9) FIG. 6 shows a principle sketch of the method to manufacture the lighting assembly according to the present invention.
(10) FIG. 7 shows a principle sketch of the use of the lighting module or the lighting assembly for curing purposes.
(11) In the Figures, like numbers refer to like objects throughout. Objects in the FIGS. are not necessarily drawn to scale.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT(S)
(12) Various embodiments of the invention will now be described by means of the Figures.
(13) FIG. 1 shows a principle sketch of the lighting module according to the present invention (a) in a top view onto the front side, (b) in a top view onto the backside, and (c) in a side view. The lighting module 1 comprises two rows 21, 22 of eleven LEDs 2 each which are closely packed. The rows are separated from each other by an intermediate area 23 between the rows 21, 22. The rows 21, 22 are arranged parallel to each other on a front side 31 of a printed circuit board 3 further comprising electrical contacts 33 to operate the rows of LEDs. The printed circuit board 3 might be fixed to another substrate, holder or housing (not shown here) by screws 9 or other fixing means. The lighting module 1 further comprises one integral optical element 4 on top of the LEDs 2 in order to shape light 5 emitted from each of the multiple LEDs 2, where the optical element 4 comprises one collimator lens portion 41, 42 per row 21, 22 of LEDs extending along the row 21, 22 of LEDs. The collimator lens portions 41, 42 of different rows 21, 22 are merged together above the intermediate area 23 in order to form the one single optical element 4, where the collimator lens portions 41, 42 seen in a direction perpendicular to the row 21, 22 of LEDs are shaped in order to provide an off-axis focus F (see FIG. 3) for each of the collimator lens portions 41, 42. The shapes are adapted to each other in order to focus the light 5 emitted from the rows 21, 22 of LEDs in a focus line FL (see FIG. 3) extending parallel to the rows 21, 22 of LEDs at a focus distance FD (see FIG. 3) above the optical element 4. The collimator lens portions 41, 42 are in this embodiment each shaped asymmetrically with respect to a first reference plane comprising the optical axis OA (see FIG. 3) of the respective individual collimator lens portion or row 21, 22 of LEDs, wherein the first reference plane is parallel to the rows 21, 22 of LEDs. The collimator lens portions 41, 42 are in this embodiment shaped mirror symmetric to each other with respect to a second reference plane which is perpendicular to a plane comprising the rows 21, 22 of LEDs and which comprises the focus line FL. The optical element 4 might be made of glass or transparent plastic material. The LEDs 2 might be light emitters with a peak wavelength of less than 460 nm. In an embodiment the LEDs 2 are UV-light emitting LEDs.
(14) FIG. 1b shows the lighting module 1 from its backside, where a cooling element 6 is attached to the printed circuit board 3 on a backside 32 of the printed circuit board 3.
(15) FIG. 1c shows the optical element 4 in more details in a side view, where the collimator lens portions 41, 42 of the optical element 4 are so-called TIR collimator portions, where each of the TIR collimator portions 41, 42 comprise an inner refractive surface 4i building a recess 24 to enclose the row 21, 22 of LEDs on its light emitting side 2a, an outer reflective surface 4o facing away from the LEDs 2 and a light emitting surface 4e, wherein the inner refractive surface 4i has a first and a second entrance surface 4i1, 4i2 to direct entering light 5 emitted from the row 21, 22 of LEDs towards the light emitting surface 4e of the TIR collimator portion 41, 42, where the first entrance surface 4i1 is shaped as a asymmetric lens to collimate the entering light 5 directly towards the light emitting surface 4e, where the second entrance surface 4i2 is shaped as a circular wall around the LEDs 2 to direct the entering light 5 towards the outer reflective surface 4o, and where the outer reflective surface 4o has a tulip-like shape to collimate the portion of the light 5 entered into the TIR collimator portion 41, 42 via the second entrance surface 4i2 towards the light emitting surface 4e. The reflection at reflective outer surface 40 is in this embodiment due to TIR. The reflective outer surface may alternatively have a metal coating in order to support reflection of the light 5 towards the light emitting surface 4e, where the thickness of the metal coating is adapted to be reflect all light towards the emitting surface 4e. Here the light emitting surfaces 4e of each of the merged TIR collimator portions 41, 42 establish a single flat light emitting surface 4e of the optical element 4. The optical element 4 is fixed in a holder 34 attached to the printed circuit board or being part of the printed circuit board, e.g. by clamping. The holder 34 is arranged outside the emitting surfaces 2a of the LEDs and the designed light path for the optical element 4 and the application of the lighting module 1.
(16) FIG. 2 shows a principle sketch of the lighting assembly 10 according to the present invention (a) in a top view onto the front side, (b) in a top view onto the backside, and (c) in a perspective view. The lighting assembly 10 in this embodiment comprises three lighting modules 1 according to FIG. 1 where the lighting modules 1 are arranged next to (beside of) each other in order to align the rows 21, 22 of LEDs 2 of each lighting module 1 to the rows 21, 22 of the neighbored lighting modules 1 to establish continued rows 21, 22 of LEDs 2 across the multiple lighting modules 1. Compared to the single lighting module 1 of FIG. 1 the focus line is three times longer enabling the processing of larger material samples. FIG. 2b shows the backside 10b of the lighting assembly 10, where an assembly cooling element 8 is arranged on the backside 10b established by all backsides 32 of the lighting modules 1 of the lighting assembly 10. FIG. 2c shows the lighting assembly 10 in a perspective view where the optical elements 4 of each lighting module 1 are established by one single optical assembly element 7 extending along the continued rows 21, 22 of LEDs 2 across the multiple lighting modules 1, which is fix to the holders 34 of each lighting module 1, e.g. via clamping. The optical assembly element might be made of the same materials as the optical elements of each lighting module 1.
(17) FIG. 3 shows a principle sketch of the optical element 4 focusing the light 5 emitted from the rows 21, 22 of LEDs 2 of a lighting module 1 or lighting assembly 10 according to the present invention. The collimator lens portions 41, 42 are each shaped asymmetrically in order to provide an off-axis focus F for each of the collimator lens portions 41, 42, where the asymmetrical shapes are adapted to each other in order to focus the light 5 emitted from the rows 21, 22 of LEDs in a focus line FL extending parallel to the rows 21, 22 of LEDs at a focus distance FD above the optical element 4. The optical axes OA of each row of LEDs in case of no present optical element are indicated as dashed lines. The optical element 4 shown here has a length parallel to the rows 21, 22 of LEDs of 50 mm, a width perpendicular to the rows 21, 22 of LEDs of 30 mm and a height above the printed circuit board 3 of 10 mm. At a distance of 50 mm above the emitting surface 4e of the optical element 4 the beam of light 5 has a full width at half of the maximum intensity of 22 mm. For purpose of optical analysis, the lengths of the rows are assumed to be infinitely long. The individual collimator lens portions 41, 42 are in this embodiment only slightly asymmetrically to each other with respect to a second reference plane (not shown) which is perpendicular to the plane comprising the rows 21, 22 of LEDs and which comprises the focus line FL. The asymmetry of the individual collimator lens portions 41, 42 to each other may be used to shift the focus line FL (which is in this embodiment perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 3) parallel to the plane comprising the rows 21, 22 of LEDs which may be represented by the surface of the printed surface board 3 to which the LEDs are attached to.
(18) FIG. 4 shows the peak irradiance PI as a function of the distance D from the optical elements 4 of lighting modules 1 with and without optical elements 4 as shown in FIG. 1-3. The peak irradiance was obtained from a row of neighboring lighting modules operated of 176 W optical output power each and comprising two rows 21, 22 of LEDs being closed packed with 22 LEDs per row of 4 mm.sup.2 FlipChip UV-LEDs offering high irradiance. The curve C2 was obtained from these lighting modules 1 without optical elements 4 arranged above the rows 21, 22 of LEDs. C2 shows relatively high peak irradiances larger than 8 W/cm.sup.2 at small distances below 20 mm steeply decreasing below 2 W/cm.sup.2 for distances above 70 mm. The curve C1 relates to a row of neighboring lighting modules 1 according to the present invention with optical elements 4. Here the peak irradiance PI is above 10 W/cm.sup.2 up to a distance D of 50 mm and is above 8 W/cm.sup.2 up to a distance of 65 mm. At a distance D of 100 mm the peak irradiance PI for lighting modules 1 with optical elements 4 is more than a factor two higher the peak irradiance for lighting modules without an optical element. This shows that the lighting modules according to the present invention is able to provide a high irradiance LED system with a long working distance of 10 W/cm.sup.2 at a distance of 50 mm, which is a practical distance for using the lighting module for curing purposes avoiding the risk of the lighting module 1 coming into contact with the to-be-cured material.
(19) FIG. 5 shows a principle sketch of the method 100 to manufacture the lighting module 1 according to the present invention. The method 100 comprises the steps of arranging 110 multiple LEDs in at least two rows 21, 22 of LEDs separated from each other by an intermediate area 23 between the rows 21, 22 on a front side 31 of a printed circuit board 3, where the rows 21, 22 of LEDs are preferably arranged parallel to each other; and arranging 120 one integral optical element 4 on top of the multiple LEDs 2 in order to shape light 5 emitted from each of the multiple LEDs 2, where the optical element 4 comprises one collimator lens portion 41, 42 per row 21, 22 of LEDs extending along the row 21, 22 of LEDs, where the collimator lens portions 41, 42 of different rows 21, 22 are merged together above the intermediate area 23 in order to form the one single optical element 4, where the collimator lens portions 41, 42 seen in direction perpendicular to the row 21, 22 of LEDs are each shaped asymmetrically in order to provide an off-axis focus F for each of the collimator lens portions 41, 42, where the asymmetrical shapes are adapted to each other in order to focus the light 5 emitted from the rows 21, 22 of LEDs in a focus line FL extending parallel to the rows 21, 22 of LEDs at a focus distance FD above the optical element 4. In an embodiment the method 100 further comprises the step of attaching 130 a cooling element 6 to the printed circuit board 3 on a backside 32 of the printed circuit board 3.
(20) FIG. 6 shows a principle sketch of the method 200 to manufacture the lighting assembly 10 according to the present invention. The method 200 comprises the steps of arranging 210 multiple lighting modules 1 next to each other and aligning 220 the rows 21, 22 of LEDs of each lighting module 1 to establish continued rows 21, 22 of LEDs across the multiple lighting modules 1. In an embodiment the method 200 further comprises the step of arranging 230 an assembly cooling element 8 on a backside 10b of the lighting assembly 10 established by all backsides 32 of the lighting modules 1. In an alternative embodiment, where the lighting modules 1 being arranged next to each other and the rows of LEDs are aligned and the lighting modules do not comprise optical elements the method 200 may comprise the step of establishing 240 the optical elements 4 for each lighting module 1 by placing one single optical assembly element 7 extending along the continued rows 21, 22 of LEDs 2 into the holder 34 of the multiple lighting modules 1.
(21) FIG. 7 shows a principle sketch of the use 300 of the lighting module 1 or the lighting assembly 8 as a light source 20 for material curing purposes in a curing apparatus, where the LEDs 2 can be arranged at a secure distance to the to-be-cured material avoiding the risk of the curing apparatus, especially the light source 20 of the curing apparatus, coming into contact with the material that is being cured. Curing might be applied to organic materials, e.g. where monomers are converted into polymers in order to harden the material. This is especially advantageous in case of curing material which passes the light source with high velocities, e.g. in a continuous curing processes for flat sheets of material.
(22) While the invention has been illustrated and described in detail in the drawings and the foregoing description, such illustration and description are to be considered illustrative or exemplary and not restrictive.
(23) From reading the present disclosure, other modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art. Such modifications may involve other features which are already known in the art and which may be used instead of or in addition to features already described herein.
(24) Variations to the disclosed embodiments can be understood and effected by those skilled in the art, from a study of the drawings, the disclosure and the appended claims. In the claims, the word “comprising” does not exclude other elements or steps, and the indefinite article “a” or “an” does not exclude a plurality of elements or steps. The mere fact that certain measures are recited in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that a combination of these measures cannot be used to advantage.
(25) Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the scope thereof.
LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS
(26) 1 lighting module according to the present invention 2 LED(s) 2a light emitting surface of the LED(s) 21 a (first) row of LEDs 22 a (second) row of LEDs 23 intermediate area between the rows of LEDs 24 recess above the LEDs established by the collimator lens portions 3 printed circuit board (PCB) 31 frontside of the PCB 32 backside of the PCB 33 electrical contacts of the PCB 34 holder to fix the optical element to the PCB 4 optical element 4i inner refractive surface of the collimator lens portions 4i1 first entrance surface of the inner refractive surface 4i2 second entrance surface of the inner refractive surface 4o outer reflective surface of the collimator lens portions/optical element 4e light emitting surface of the collimator lens portions 41 collimator lens portion assigned to one row of LEDs 42 collimator lens portion assigned to another row of LEDs 5 light emitted from the LED(s) 6 cooling element 7 optical assembly element 8 assembly cooling element 9 fixing means (e.g. a screw) 10 lighting assembly according to the present invention 10b backside of the lighting assembly 20 light source for a material curing process 100 method to manufacture the lighting module according to the present invention 110 Arranging multiple LEDs in at least two separate rows of LEDs 120 Arranging one integral optical element on top of the multiple LEDs 130 attaching a cooling element to the printed circuit board 200 method to manufacture the lighting assembly according to the present invention 210 arranging multiple lighting modules next to each other 220 aligning the rows of LEDs of each lighting module to establish continued rows of LEDs across the multiple lighting modules 230 arranging an assembly cooling element on a backside of the lighting assembly 240 establishing the optical elements of each lighting module by one optical assembly element 300 Use of a lighting module/assembly as a light source for material curing C1 peak irradiance as a function of D for a lighting module with optical element C2 peak irradiance as a function of D for a lighting module without optical element D distance from optical element F off-axis focus of the collimator lens portions of the rows of LEDs FD focus distance between optical element of of-axis focuses FL focus line provided by the optical element OA optical axis PI Peak irradiance of the light emitted from the LEDs
