DEVICE FOR FASTENING SEALING PLATES BETWEEN COMPONENTS OF A GAS TURBINE ENGINE
20220195893 · 2022-06-23
Inventors
Cpc classification
F05D2250/71
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F05D2250/185
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F05D2260/38
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F01D11/005
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F05D2240/11
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F01D25/246
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F05D2260/31
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F05D2240/57
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F01D11/12
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F01D25/243
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
International classification
F01D25/24
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
Abstract
A device for fastening sealing plates between components of a gas turbine engine includes guide vane ring which includes guide vane segments, wherein each guide vane segment includes an outer platform and an inner platform, sealed off from one another at ends by a sealing strip. The device furthermore includes a plurality of sealing plates which seal off the guide vane segments from a component which is adjacent in the upstream or downstream direction. The sealing strips in each case form a sealing section and an extension section, wherein the sealing section serves to seal off two mutually adjoining platforms, the extension section extends axially forward or axially rearward, starting from the sealing section, and projects from the platforms, and the extension section forms a holding element for at least one sealing plate or is connected to a separate holding element.
Claims
1. A device for fastening sealing plates between components of a gas turbine engine, wherein the device has: a guide vane ring which comprises a plurality of guide vane segments, wherein each guide vane segment comprises an outer plate, an inner platform and at least one guide vane, the outer platforms and the inner platforms of in each case two adjacent guide vane segments adjoin one another at the ends, and, in this arrangement, in each case two platforms are sealed off from one another at the ends by means of a sealing strip, wherein the platforms each form an axially extending groove at their ends, and the sealing strip is inserted into the grooves of the platforms, and wherein the sealing strip extends in the grooves from the axially forward end of the platforms to the axially rearward end of the platforms, a plurality of sealing plates which seal off the guide vane segments from a component which adjoins the guide vane segments in the upstream or downstream direction, wherein in that the sealing strips in each case form a sealing section and an extension section in the region of the outer and/or the inner platforms, wherein the sealing section serves to seal off two mutually adjoining platforms, the extension section extends axially forward, starting from the sealing section, and projects from the platforms, and the extension section forms a holding element for at least one sealing plate or is connected to a separate holding element.
2. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein in that the sealing section of a sealing strip is in each case inserted into the grooves of two adjacent platforms, wherein the extension section projects from the grooves in the downstream direction.
3. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the extension section is of wider design in the circumferential direction than the sealing section.
4. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the extension section forms a section which extends substantially in the radial direction and in the circumferential direction and is of flat design,
5. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the extension section forms a groove which extends in the circumferential direction and is used to retain and accommodate at least one adjoining sealing plate.
6. The device as claimed in claim 5, wherein the section which extends substantially in the radial direction and in the circumferential direction is bent back at its radially outer end and thereby forms a groove.
7. The device as claimed in claim 5, wherein the extension section has a length in the circumferential direction such that two adjacent sealing plates can be inserted into the groove of the extension section.
8. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the extension section is connected to a holding element for at least one sealing plate, said holding element being designed as a separate part.
9. The device as claimed in claim 8, wherein the holding element forms a section which extends substantially in the radial direction and in the circumferential direction, is of flat design and is bent back at its radially outer end and thereby forms a groove extending in the circumferential direction.
10. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the extension section is of resilient design and exerts a spring force on at least one of the sealing plates.
11. The device as claimed in claim 10, wherein the extension section forms a region bent in a U shape or a region bent in a meandering shape.
12. The device as claimed in claim 10, wherein the extension section is of resilient design and exerts an axially acting spring force on the holding element.
13. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein radial noses which fix the sealing plates in the circumferential direction in relation to the holding elements are formed on said sealing plates.
14. The device as claimed in claim 13, wherein the radial noses are formed at a distance from the lateral ends of the sealing plates and adjoin the respectively adjacent holding element on the outside in the circumferential direction.
15. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the guide vane ring is a turbine guide vane ring, wherein the sealing plates are designed to seal off the turbine guide vane ring from a combustion chamber arranged upstream.
16. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sealing strips are composed of a metal or a metal alloy.
17. A gas turbine engine which comprises a combustion chamber and a turbine guide vane ring arranged downstream of the combustion chamber, wherein the device as claimed in claim 1, by means of which sealing plates provided between the combustion chamber and the turbine guide vane ring are fastened.
18. A device for fastening sealing plates between components of a gas turbine engine, wherein the device has: a guide vane ring which comprises a plurality of guide vane segments, wherein each guide vane segment comprises an outer platform, an inner platform and at least one guide vane, the outer platforms and the inner platforms of in each case two adjacent guide vane segments adjoin one another at the ends, and, in this arrangement, in each case two platforms are sealed off from one another at the ends by means of a sealing strip, wherein the platforms each form an axially extending groove at their ends, and the sealing strip is inserted into the grooves of the platforms, and wherein the sealing strip extends in the grooves from the axially forward end of the platforms to the axially rearward end of the platforms, a plurality of sealing plates which seal off the guide vane segments from a component which adjoins the guide vane segments in the upstream or downstream direction, wherein in that a respective fastening element for at least one sealing plate is provided in the region of the outer and/or the inner platforms, wherein the fastening element holds the at least one sealing plate or is connected to a separate holding element, which holds the at least one sealing plate, wherein the fastening element has: a fastening section, which is arranged together with the sealing strip in the grooves of two adjacent platforms and is held in said grooves, and a holding section, which extends axially forward, starting from the fastening section, and projects from the platforms in order to hold the at least one sealing plate or to be connected to the separate holding element.
19. The device as claimed in claim 18, wherein the fastening section is arranged only in an axially forward partial region of the grooves.
20. The device as claimed in claim 18, wherein the axially forward partial region of the grooves is widened relative to a downstream region of the grooves.
21. The device as claimed in claim 18, wherein the holding section is of resilient design and exerts a spring force on at least one of the sealing plates.
22. The device as claimed in claim 18, wherein the holding section is of resilient design and exerts a spring force on the separate holding element which holds the at least one sealing plate.
23. The device as claimed in claim 18, wherein the holding section forms a region bent in a U shape or a region bent in a meandering shape.
24. The device as claimed in claim 18, wherein the holding section is of wider design in the circumferential direction than the fastening section.
Description
[0065] The invention will be explained in more detail below on the basis of a plurality of exemplary embodiments with reference to the figures of the drawing. In the drawing:
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[0079] During use, the core air flow A is accelerated and compressed by the low-pressure compressor 14 and directed into the high-pressure compressor 15, where further compression takes place. The compressed air expelled from the high-pressure compressor 15 is directed into the combustion device 16, where it is mixed with fuel and the mixture is combusted. The resulting hot combustion products then propagate through the high-pressure and the low-pressure turbines 17, 19 and thereby drive said turbines, before being expelled through the nozzle 20 to provide a certain propulsive thrust. The high-pressure turbine 17 drives the high-pressure compressor 15 by means of a suitable connecting shaft 27. The fan 23 generally provides the major part of the thrust force. The epicyclic gear box 30 is a reduction gear box.
[0080] It is noted that the terms “low-pressure turbine” and “low-pressure compressor” as used herein can be taken to mean the lowest pressure turbine stage and the lowest pressure compressor stage (that is to say not including the fan 23) respectively and/or the turbine and compressor stages that are connected to one another by the connecting shaft 26 with the lowest rotational speed in the engine (that is to say not including the gear box output shaft that drives the fan 23). In some documents, the “low-pressure turbine” and the “low-pressure compressor” referred to herein may alternatively be known as the “intermediate-pressure turbine” and “intermediate-pressure compressor”. Where such alternative nomenclature is used, the fan 23 can be referred to as a first compression stage or lowest-pressure compression stage.
[0081] Other gas turbine engines in which the present disclosure can be used may have alternative configurations. For example, such engines may have an alternative number of compressors and/or turbines and/or an alternative number of connecting shafts. By way of a further example, the gas turbine engine shown in
[0082] The geometry of the gas turbine engine 10, and components thereof, is/are defined by a conventional axis system, comprising an axial direction (which is aligned with the axis of rotation 9), a radial direction (in the bottom-to-top direction in
[0083] In the context of the present invention, the design of the transition between the combustion chamber 16 and the high-pressure turbine 17, in particular the configuration of the sealing of a gap between the combustion chamber 16 and the high-pressure turbine 17, are significant.
[0084] For a better understanding of the invention, the background of the invention will first of all be explained by means of an example of a turbine guide vane segment according to the prior art, which is illustrated in
[0085] To seal off a radial gap which is formed as a matter of necessity between the combustion chamber 16 and the turbine guide vane segments 4, a plurality of sealing plates 5, which are each of elongate design and form a circular arc, is provided. As can be seen, in particular, from the illustration in
[0086] The prior art device for fastening the sealing plates 5 is relatively complex and heavy since separate rivets 90, spring elements 95 and fastening projections 410, 420 have to be provided. At the same time, it is not possible, owing to the gaps 55 and the associated leakage, for the radial gap between the combustion chamber 16 and the turbine guide vane ring to be sealed off completely. In order to avoid additional leakage through radial gaps situated between two mutually adjoining sealing plates 5, additional secondary sealing plates 50 are required.
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[0088] The combustion chamber 16 comprises an outer combustion chamber wall 161 and an inner combustion chamber wall 162, wherein the terms “outer” and “inner” refer to the main flow path which runs through the core engine. For protection against the hot gas flow in the combustion chamber 16, the outer combustion chamber wall 161 is provided with a plurality of heat shingles 163, which are supported on the outer combustion chamber wall 161. In corresponding fashion, the inner combustion chamber wall 162 is provided with a plurality of heat shingles 164, which are supported on the inner combustion chamber wall 162.
[0089] The outer combustion chamber wall 161 forms part of an outer combustion chamber casing, of which a further wall structure 165 is illustrated. The inner combustion chamber wall 162 forms part of an inner combustion chamber casing, which likewise comprises further wall structures, of which a further wall structure 166 is illustrated.
[0090] Each turbine guide vane segment 4 of the turbine guide vane ring 400 comprises an outer platform 41, which delimits the main flow path through the core engine radially on the outside, an inner platform 42, which delimits the main flow path through the core engine radially on the inside, and at least one guide vane 43, which extends between the inner platform 42 and the outer platform 41. The outer platforms 41 of the turbine guide vane segments 4 and the inner platforms 42 of the turbine guide vane segments 4 together form an outer platform and an inner platform of the guide vane ring 400.
[0091] A groove 411, 421 extending substantially in the axial direction is formed in the end both of the radially outer platform 41 and of the radially inner platform 42. The grooves 411, 421 each serve to accommodate a sealing section 61, which likewise extends substantially in the axial direction in the grooves 411, 421 and thereby seals off two radially inner platforms 42 and two radially outer platforms 41 resting against one another at the ends. In this arrangement, the grooves 411, 421 and the sealing sections 61 arranged therein extend from the axially forward end of the platform 41, 42 to the axially rearward end of the platform 41, 42, ensuring that two platforms resting against one another at the ends are sealed off from one another in an effective manner. Such grooves 411,421 and sealing sections 61 arranged therein are known per se.
[0092] According to the exemplary embodiment in
[0093] Thus, the gap 8 between the combustion chamber 16 and the guide vane segments 4 is closed by a multiplicity of sealing plates 5. Each sealing element 5 is of elongate design and forms a circular arc. At end faces which are farmed in the circumferential direction at each end of a sealing element 5, two sealing elements 5 adjoin one another.
[0094] Here, it can be seen in
[0095] The retention of the sealing elements 5 and the generation of a contact pressure is accomplished by means of the extension section 62 of the sealing strip 6. In order to explain the design of the extension section 62, reference is additionally made to
[0096] As can be seen from the sectional illustration in
[0097] In this case, it is envisaged that the extension section 62 is of wider design in the circumferential direction than the sealing section 61, as is readily apparent in the illustration in
[0098] The two end sections 515, 525 of two adjacent sealing plates 51, 52 are inserted into the groove 64 and are held there at their upper edge. Adjoining the structure 415, the lower edge of the sealing plates 51, 52 rests on the radially outer platform 41. By virtue of the widening of the extension section 62, this section here forms a stable structure for the reception of the ends 515, 525 of two sealing plates 5 adjoining one another in the circumferential direction.
[0099] Attention is drawn to the fact that, because the extension section 62 covers a gap 85 formed between the ends of two adjacent sealing plates 51, 52, cf.
[0100] In order to ensure exact positioning of the sealing plates 51, 52 relative to the extension section 62 designed as a holding element, the sealing plates 51, 52 have radially projecting noses 510, 520, cf.
[0101] Attention is drawn to the fact that the extension section 62 is of resilient design and accordingly simultaneously forms a spring element which transmits a contact pressure to the sealing plates 51, 52, even when there is no pressure difference.
[0102] In this respect,
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[0104] As in the exemplary embodiments of
[0105] In terms of its shape and holding function, the holding element 7 corresponds to sections 620, 621 of the holding element 62 in
[0106] As illustrated in
[0107] Attention is drawn to the fact that, just as in the other figures, the sealing section 61 in
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[0109] The general construction of the device corresponds to that in
[0110] The fastening section 630 of the fastening element 60 is arranged in the groove 411 of the outer platform 41 (and a corresponding groove in the end of the adjacent platform), together with the sealing strip 6. In this case, the groove 411 has an axially forward partial region 411a which is widened relative to a partial region 411b, downstream thereof, of the groove 411. The sealing strip 6 and the fastening section 630 are arranged in contact with one another in the widened groove 411a. The fastening section 630 is prevented from falling out through its arrangement in the widened groove 411a. In this case, there can be nonpositive engagement through static friction of the fastening section 630 with respect to the wall of the groove 411a and with respect to the sealing strip 6. In addition, there can also be positive engagement by means of a curved shape of the groove 411a in the region in which the fastening section 630 is arranged.
[0111] Starting from the fastening section 630, the holding section 640 of the fastening element 60 extends axially forward and, at the same time, projects from the platform 41. In this case, the holding section 640 forms a first section 641, which is connected to a separate holding element 7 (being brazed or welded, for example), and a second section 642, which exerts a spring force on the separate holding element 7. For this purpose, the section 642 is designed to be curved in a meandering shape. The section 642 merges into the fastening section 630.
[0112] As in the exemplary embodiment in
[0113] In a manner corresponding to the embodiment in
[0114] In the exemplary embodiment in
[0115] Attention is furthermore drawn to the fact that it is also possible in a corresponding manner for a fastening element 60 comprising a fastening section and a holding section in the manner described to be arranged on the radially inner platform.
[0116] It will be understood that the invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concepts described herein. For example, the invention has been described above by means of exemplary embodiments in which the adjoining component is arranged upstream of the guide vane segments 4, and the extension section 62 of the sealing strip 6 accordingly extends axially forward. In a corresponding manner, provision can be made for the extension section to extend axially rearward in order to hold sealing plates which seal off the guide vane segments 4 from a component adjoining the guide vane segments in a downstream direction. It is furthermore possible, for example, for the sealing strip 6 to form a sealing section 61 and an extension section 62 only on the outer platform 41 or only on the inner platform 42, rather than on both platforms 41, 42.
[0117] Furthermore, except where mutually exclusive, any of the features may be used separately or in combination with any other features, and the disclosure extends to and includes all combinations and sub-combinations of one or more features that are described herein. If ranges are defined, said ranges thus comprise all of the values within said ranges as well as all of the partial ranges that lie in a range.