VARIABLE POWER MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC ACCELERATOR, COMPRESSOR, AND MIXER FOR FLUIDS, WITH REGENERATIVE ELECTRICAL GENERATION SYSTEM

Abstract

A variable-power magnetohydrodynamic accelerator, mixer, and compressor for fluids, consisting of several parts, including 1) an array of spiraled adjustable-power accelerators (SAPAs), with integrated electrostatic-pre-charging components (EPCCs) and electromagnetic accelerator components (EACs); and 2) a multi-shell core with cooling system.

Claims

1. A novel system that makes use of the magnetohydrodynamic effect (MHDE) to accelerate and compress particles into a confined space (the core) for mixing of fluids and/or chemical processing.

2. (A) The unique geometry and arrangement of the spiraled adjustable-power accelerators (SAPAs) in this invention and (B) the distinctive geometry of the pumping lines as they penetrate the inner core (1301), which results from the geometry of A when the pumping lines terminate in the core.

3. (A) A technique for controlling pressurization, rate of pressurization, timing of introduction of fluids, and rate of depressurization of an accelerator/compressor core by varying power levels applied to appropriately arranged electrostatic-pre-charging components (EPCCs) and electromagnetic accelerator components (EACs) and (B) the reversal of this process for either directional or omnidirectional core depressurization by way of decreasing or inverting EAC power and polarity, with the generation of electricity during this process being a natural result of the magnetohydrodynamic effect (MHDE).

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS OF INVENTION

[0051] The patent or application file contains at least one drawing executed in color. Copies of this patent or patent application publication with color drawing(s) will be provided by the Office upon request and payment of the necessary fee.

[0052] The features, aspects, advantages, and operation of the present invention will become better understood by referencing the appended descriptions and claims, and the accompanying drawings wherein:

[0053] FIG. 1. is a left-side view of the entirety of an embodiment of the invention, indicating the placement of the spiraled adjustable-power accelerators (SAPAs), the placement of the electrostatic-pre-charging components (EPCCs) (in orange), the size of the outer core (and its placement), and the total height of the invention. This view assumes that the embodiment of the invention will be placed upright; however, the invention may be constructed and operated at any angle.

[0054] FIG. 2 is an isometric southwest (SW) view of a single SAPA/adjustable-power compressor, with the input (201) and output (202) ports of the pumping lines labeled.

[0055] FIG. 3 is a left-side view of a single SAPA, with the narrowing dimensions of the accelerator marked at 16 points.

[0056] FIG. 4 is a left-side view of a single SAPA, with the narrowing dimensions of the pumping lines indicated at 4 points. Each marker indicates the dimension of the pumping lines at that given point, with the line between the markers gradually narrowing until reaching the diameter indicated at the next marker. The widest section (at 400 mm) of each SAPA is the electrostatic-pre-charging component, and the narrowest (10 mm) is the pumping line section that approaches and enters the core.

[0057] FIG. 5 is a left-side view of a single SAPA, with the measurements used for magnetic-accelerator-component spacing clearly indicated (502). Although the magnetic components will be spaced at intervals along the length of the pumping lines (excluding the EPCCs, as seen in 501), this illustration only indicates the placement of them on a section of the lines. This is done purely for the sake of visual economy.

[0058] FIG. 6 is a closeup from FIG. 5 (502) with the actual EACs made visible in yellow.

[0059] FIG. 7 is a closeup of the left-side view of a portion of a single SAPA, with EACs indicated as being of a larger diameter and different color (yellow) (702) from the non-magnetic lengths of the pumping lines (701).

[0060] FIG. 8 is a closeup of the isometric southwest (SW) view of a portion of a single SAPA, with EACs indicated in yellow, and the non-magnetic lengths indicated in distinctive line-specific colors.

[0061] FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 are isometric southwest (SW) and isometric northwest (NW) views of the entirety of the embodiment of the invention, with solid black guidelines drawn outside of the embodiment to illustrate the direction of the frontal plane as seen in FIG. 1.

[0062] FIG. 11 is a closeup dimetric northwest (NW) view of the outer core of the invention (1101), with the cold coolant input indicated with blue (1102), and the hot (output) side of the coolant system indicated in red (1103).

[0063] FIG. 12 is a cutaway close-up dimetric northwest (NW) view of the core of the invention, with the outer core indicated in yellow (1201), the void between the cores (1202), and the inner core indicated in red (1203).

[0064] FIG. 13 is a cutaway close-up dimetric northwest (NW) view of the core of the invention, with the staggered entry angles of the pumping lines into the inner core clearly illustrated (1301).

[0065] FIG. 14 is a view of the invention embodiment's inner and outer cores and core cooling system, with dimensions, including core diameters, material thickness, and core spacing.

EXPLANATION OF POINTS ILLUSTRATED BY DRAWINGS OF INVENTION

[0066] The preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated in FIG. 1 through FIG. 14, with each drawing demonstrating a different aspect of said invention. FIG. 1 demonstrates the complete layout of the invention, which consists of 8 SAPAs arranged into an equally spaced array, with the center of each accelerator being offset 45 degrees from its nearest neighbors.

[0067] FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 illustrate the specific shape of a single SAPA. The design of this accelerator is novel, in that it relies on a spiral shape, rather than a circular one. This makes the embodiment of the accelerator more compact and allows a greater number of magnetic elements to be spaced along the length of the pumping/acceleration coil than could be done with more conventional shapes. The colors used throughout these figures and FIG. 1 through FIG. 14 serve to allow for the easy distinction of one pumping line from another, not to indicate any specific difference in pumping line power levels or dimensions, with the EPCCs indicated in yellow on the outer edge of the SAPAs.

[0068] FIG. 3 demonstrates a feature of the SAPAs used in this invention, in that the initial entry spiral is large, but the size and angle of the accelerator change in such a way to allow for many coils and lines to terminate in the comparatively small inner core of the invention. This trait is particular to a spiral-shaped device, whereas round devices would not have this trait.

[0069] FIG. 4 demonstrates another unique feature of the SAPAs used in this invention, being that the opening diameter of the adjustable-power accelerator pumping lines is large-400 mm—but each line gradually tapers to a much smaller size-10 mm—which allows for a natural increase in pressure while making the terminus of each pumping line sufficiently compact to fit within the inner core of the invention.

[0070] FIG. 5, FIG. 6, FIG. 7, and FIG. 8 demonstrate how magnetic accelerator components are to be spaced along the length of the SAPA pumping coils. Magnetic accelerator components run the entirety of the pumping lines (excluding the EPCC regions), with FIG. 5 simply indicating the region from which FIG. 6, FIG. 7, and FIG. 8 are all drawn. FIG. 8 is distinct from the other figures in that it demonstrates how EACs are positioned on a section of a SAPA as it approaches the core.

[0071] FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 provide a view of the entire embodiment of the invention from different angles found in FIG. 1. These isometric views demonstrate yet another advantage of the present invention—all pumping lines can be easily accessed for repair and maintenance, without disrupting any other part of the system. The large black frame outside of the embodiment indicates the front/rear plane of the rendering, but the frame is not a part of the invention.

[0072] FIG. 11 illustrates the pumping lines passing through the outer shell of the core of the invention. It also shows how the placement of cooling ports allows heat created in the compression process to be transferred from the inner shell to a moving coolant. The placement of these cooling ports allows for the uninterrupted operation of the invention and precise control of the inner core temperature by way of adjusting the coolant flow rate.

[0073] FIG. 12 demonstrates both the placement of the inner core within the outer core and how the pumping lines pass through both. It also clearly demonstrates the void between the two cores and the void's approximate diameter. If filled with a static high-pressure fluid, the void can also be used to hydraulically reinforce the inner core.

[0074] FIG. 13 is a view of the cores and their alignment and the alignment of the pumping lines as they pass through the inner core, and this illustrates another unique advantage of the present invention: The staggered entry of the pumping lines (1301) into the inner core allows for the creation of complex waves/fluid rotation patterns within the core. It also reduces the probability of collision of fluid streams as they enter the pressurized core.

[0075] FIG. 14 demonstrates the precise dimensions of the core and the cooling channels.

CONSTRUCTION OF INVENTION

[0076] The present invention may be constructed of metal of suitable toughness and corrosion resistance for its intended purpose, or it may be constructed of ceramic (the preferred embodiment). The ceramic construction method affords an advantage not commonly found in most other compressors, that being that every part of the invention can be made highly tolerant to heat and chemical attack. If the ceramic material used permits electromagnetic energy to pass through it without distortion, then no metal will contact or risk contacting fluids within any part of the invention. Additionally, the EACs may be constructed of appropriately arranged superconducting ceramic electromagnets, which would offer considerable power and efficiency advantages compared to conventional electromagnets.

[0077] The SAPA pumping lines may be made by any method appropriate to the material used, with the casting, polishing, milling, or Selective Laser Melting methods being appropriate, so long as the pumping lines are made to the specified size and diameter and are manufactured with sufficient precision and of appropriate materials to be impervious to any fluid compressed by the invention.

[0078] The pumping lines of the SAPAs may be made of either a single piece or several pieces joined by way of tension joint, welding, chemical adhesion, or fusion by heat and pressure.

[0079] The EPCCs and EACs may be attached to the pumping lines with any method appropriate to the material, so long as this method or adhesive does not interfere with the transmission of electrostatic or electromagnetic forces.

[0080] At the points where they meet the cores (inner and outer), the SAPA pumping lines should join the cores with a tight seal sufficient to prevent leakage. SAPA pumping lines and core shells may be fused/joined with any technique appropriate for creating an adequate seal, including tension fit, welding, or chemical adhesion. Alternately, the section of the pumping lines that intersects the cores and the cores themselves may be cast or fabricated from a single piece of ceramic so that there are no seals or joints to be compromised.

OPERATION OF INVENTION

[0081] Operation of the invention is to be conducted as follows: [0082] 1. The operator selects fluids, either of one type or a suitable combination of types, for acceleration, mixing, and compression. Any fluids chosen must be capable of maintaining an electrostatic charge. [0083] 2. The fluids to be compressed are injected into their respective electrostatic-pre-charging components (EPCCs) (201) by way of any system that allows for fluids to be pumped without contamination and at a rate appropriate to the intended final flow/compression objective. [0084] 3. The EPCCs are activated, charging the fluids. [0085] 4. External pumping continues, pushing the fluids further into the SAPA. [0086] 5. The fluids pass through the inert/inactive part of the pumping lines (701) until they reach the first of the electromagnetic accelerator components (EACs), where the fluids are accelerated by way of the magnetohydrodynamic effect (MHDE). [0087] 6. The fluids continue to accelerate through the SAPA, with velocity increasing as approaching/spiraling towards the core. [0088] 7. The fluids then pass through the outer core of the invention (1101/1201) by way of the SAPA lines, through the void between the outer and inner core (1202) and into the inner core (1203) by way of the pumping lines (1301). [0089] 8. The operator then begins pumping coolant through the cool/input side of the core cooling system (1102). The coolant then passes through the void between cores (1202) and exits the hot/output side of the cooling system (1103). If the operator wishes to increase pressure tolerance of the inner core, the operator will pump cooling fluid into the void and maintain it there at pressure, rather than allowing the fluid to cycle through. [0090] 9. Once the appropriate pressure levels and fluids combinations have been reached, the operator maintains inner core pressure as long as is necessary for the appropriate reaction/chemical/mechanical process to occur. [0091] 10. The operator then reduces or inverts the polarity of the power applied to the EACs (some of which can be seen in 702), which allows for the controlled release of the material contained in the core, either symmetrically (meaning by way of all SAPAs/pumping lines at the same rate and time) or asymmetrically (meaning from different SAPAs/pumping lines at different times). [0092] 11. The cooling system is deactivated (meaning that coolant stops flowing through 1102/1103) once a non-destructive core temperature has been reached.

SCOPE OF CLAIMS

[0093] Although the present invention has been illustrated and described herein with reference to the preferred embodiments and specific examples thereof, it will be readily apparent to those of requisite skill in the art that other embodiments and examples may perform similar functions and/or achieve like results. All such equivalent embodiments and examples are within the spirit and scope of the present invention, are contemplated thereby, and are intended to be covered by the following claims: