REUSABLE SURGICAL GUIDE FOR OSTEOSYNTHESIS SURGERY IN PARTICULAR OF THE HALLUX VALGUS

Abstract

The present invention concerns a reusable surgical guide for osteosynthesis surgery, forming an aimer for guiding and inserting axial wires into bone portions; said guide comprises a grip constituted by a head extending at the upper end of a base, a trigger adapted to be displaced in a first slide formed in the head of the grip and whose distal end is provided with a through hole for the insertion of a wire, a blade secured to the distal end of the head of the grip, under the trigger, and a so-called aiming piece adapted to be displaced in a second slide formed in the base of the grip, said aiming piece comprising at the distal end thereof means for supporting at least one wire.

Claims

1. A reusable surgical guide for osteosynthesis surgery, forming an aimer for guiding and inserting axial wires into bone portions, comprising a grip constituted by a head extending at the upper end of a base; a trigger adapted to be displaced in a first slide formed in the head of the grip and whose distal end is provided with a through hole for the insertion of a wire; a blade secured to the distal end of the head of the grip, under the trigger; and a so-called aiming piece adapted to be displaced in a second slide formed in the base of the grip, said aiming piece comprising at the distal end thereof means for supporting at least one wire.

2. The surgical guide according to claim 1, wherein the base has a circular-arc shape whose concavity is directed towards the distal end of the head of said grip.

3. The surgical guide according to claim 2, wherein the grip is constituted by two half-shells respectively comprising a bent head and branch whose concavity is directed towards the distal end of the trigger and whose lower end is open for the passage of the so-called aiming piece, the head and the bent branch being provided with through holes, extending opposite one another in pairs.

4. The surgical guide according to claim 2, wherein the base of the grip is constituted by a flat surface and two bent parallel branches, each branch being provided with at least two through holes, extending opposite one another in pairs.

5. The surgical guide according to claim 1, wherein the so-called aiming piece has a circular-arc shape.

6. The surgical guide according to claim 1, wherein the aiming piece has an aperture extending substantially from the proximal end up to the distal end of the aiming piece, said aperture enabling the passage of screws cooperating with the holes of the bent branches of the grip.

7. The surgical guide according to claim 1, wherein the means for supporting a wire are constituted by at least one cylindrical sleeve whose axis of revolution extends in the sagittal plane of the guide, in the direction of the distal end of the blade, said cylindrical sleeve forming a sheath adapted to receive a barrel (20) for aiming a wire.

8. The surgical guide according to claim 7, wherein the sheath includes a longitudinal slot, said slot extending in the sagittal plane of said guide.

9. The surgical guide according to claim 7, wherein the means for supporting a wire are constituted by two parallel cylindrical sleeves whose axes of revolution extend in the sagittal plane of the guide, in the direction of the distal end of the blade, said cylindrical sleeves respectively forming a sheath adapted to receive a barrel for aiming a wire.

10. The surgical guide according to claim 1, wherein the trigger comprises a measuring graduation.

11. The surgical guide according to claim 1, wherein said blade has an L-like general shape and comprises a proximal portion extending parallel to the head of the grip and provided with a longitudinal aperture and a distal portion adapted to bear on the epiphysis of the metatarsus.

12. The surgical guide according to claim 1, wherein said blade has a rectilinear shape and comprises a proximal portion extending parallel to the head of the grip and provided with a longitudinal aperture.

13. The surgical guide according to claim 1, wherein it includes means for pulling the trigger.

14. The surgical guide according to claim 13, wherein the means for pulling the trigger are constituted by a worm screw a first end thereof cooperates with said trigger and the opposite end thereof is provided with a knob.

15. The surgical guide according to claim 14, wherein it includes a rack with an unlock button to ensure translation of the head and holding of the correction.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Other advantages and features will appear better from the following description of several variants, provided as non-limiting examples, of the surgical guide in accordance with the invention, with reference to the appended drawings wherein:

[0034] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the surgical guide according to the invention,

[0035] FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the surgical guide according to the invention,

[0036] FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the grip of the surgical guide according to the invention,

[0037] FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of the aiming piece sliding in the grip of the surgical guide according to the invention,

[0038] FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of the grip of the surgical guide according to the invention,

[0039] FIG. 6 is a sagittal sectional view of the surgical guide according to the invention,

[0040] FIGS. 7 to 11 are side views of the surgical guide according to the invention at the different steps of use of said surgical guide,

[0041] FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the surgical guide according to the invention after placement of a first wire in the first metatarsus,

[0042] FIG. 13 is a side view of the placement of the second wire by means of a second so-called parallel guide,

[0043] FIG. 14 is a side view of a variant of the surgical guide according to the invention,

[0044] FIGS. 15 and 16 are side views of the variant of the surgical guide according to the invention at the different steps of use of said surgical guide,

[0045] FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a second variant of the surgical guide according to the invention,

[0046] FIG. 18 is a sagittal sectional view of the second variant of the surgical guide according to the invention represented in FIG. 17,

[0047] FIG. 19 is a perspective view of a third variant of the surgical guide according to the invention,

[0048] FIG. 20 is a sagittal sectional view of the third variant of the surgical guide according to the invention represented in FIG. 19,

[0049] FIG. 21 is an exploded perspective view of the third variant of the surgical guide according to the invention represented in FIGS. 19 and 20.

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

[0050] In the following description of the surgical guide according to the invention, the same reference numerals refer to the same elements. The different views are not necessarily plotted to scale. Moreover, the surgical guide according to the invention is particularly suited to an osteosynthesis of a hallux valgus but it is quite obvious that it could be suited to the osteosynthesis of any other portion of the anatomy of the human body yet without departing from the scope of the invention.

[0051] Referring to FIGS. 1, 2 and 6, the surgical guide 1 according to the invention comprises a grip 2 constituted by a head 3 extending at the upper end of a base 4, a trigger 5 adapted to be displaced in a first slide 6 formed in the head 3 of the grip 2 and whose distal end is provided with a through hole 7 for the insertion of a wire, not represented in FIGS. 1 and 6, a blade 8 secured to the distal end of the head 3 of the grip 2, under the trigger 5, said blade 8 having an L-like general shape and comprising a proximal portion 8a extending parallel to the head 3 of the grip 2 and provided with a longitudinal aperture 8b and a distal portion 8c adapted to bear on the epiphysis of the metatarsus, and a so-called aiming piece 9 adapted to be displaced in a second slide 10 formed in the base 4 of the grip 2, said aiming piece 9 comprising at its distal end at least one means 11 for supporting at least one wire.

[0052] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 6, the base 4 of the grip 2 has a circular-arc shape whose concavity is directed towards the distal end of the blade 8. Said base 4 of the grip 2 is constituted by a flat surface 12 and two bent parallel branches 13, each branch 13 being provided with at least two through holes 14, extending opposite one another in pairs. The head 3, which has a substantially parallelepipedic shape, is screwed on the flat surface 12 by means of two screws 15 cooperating with two threaded holes 16 formed on said flat surface 12.

[0053] Moreover, the so-called aiming piece 9 has a circular-arc shape having the same radius of curvature as the base 4 of the grip 2. Said aiming piece has an aperture 17 extending substantially from the proximal end up to the distal end of the aiming piece 9, said aperture 17 enabling the passage of screws 18 cooperating with the holes 14 of the bent branches 13 of the grip 2.

[0054] It is quite obvious that the aiming piece 9 may have a circular-arc general shape having a radius of curvature different from the radius of curvature of the base 4 of the grip 2, the aiming piece 9 and the base 4 being nevertheless concentric, yet without departing from the scope of the invention.

[0055] In addition, the means 11 for supporting a wire are constituted by at least one cylindrical sleeve 19 whose axis of revolution extends in the sagittal plane of the surgical guide, in the direction of the distal end of the blade 8, said cylindrical sleeve 19 forming a sheath adapted to receive a barrel 20 for aiming a wire. Advantageously, the sheath formed by the cylindrical sleeve 19 includes a longitudinal slot 21, at the proximal end of the support means 11, said slot 21 extending in the sagittal plane of said guide, so as to enable an easy removal of the surgical guide after set-up of the wire, the aiming barrel being removed beforehand, the wire then passing through said slot 21.

[0056] The operation of the surgical guide according to the invention will now be explained with reference to FIGS. 7 to 13.

[0057] The practitioner incises by about 5 mm the skin and the joint capsule at the level of the bunion. Using a percutaneous drill, he performs the medial exostectomy (FIG. 7) of the metatarsus in order to reduce the arthritic areas as much as possible. Afterwards, he will perform the osteotomy of the epiphysis of the metatarsus thereby separating the head from the diaphysis. The practitioner inserts the blade 8 into the incision such that the distal end of the blade 8 bears against the medial edge of the head of the metatarsus (FIG. 7). A slight translation is already applied during this insertion. It should be noticed that as the blade 8 is easily removable with respect to the grip 2, it could also be inserted into the incision and then mounted on the grip 2.

[0058] Referring to FIG. 8, the practitioner then sets the trigger 5 in position against the blade 8 by simply pressing thereon to make it slide in the first slide 6. A stabilization/draw wire 22 may then be inserted into the intramedullary canal of the metatarsus through the hole 7 of the trigger 5 provided to this end, with reference to FIG. 9.

[0059] Once the draw wire 22 is set in place, with reference to FIG. 10, the practitioner could draw the diaphysis by pulling on the trigger 5. Thus, we find the principle of the surgical technique, which consists in increasing the varus of the metatarsus to translate the head. By drawing the diaphysis and holding the head of the metatarsus, a correction of the DMAA (Distal Metatarsal Articular Angle) is automatically performed.

[0060] Referring to FIGS. 11 and 12, by rotating the aiming piece 9, the practitioner selects the entry point of his first wire 23 which shall be as proximal as possible. He inserts the first wire and could insert the second distal wire if the device is equipped with a double sheath as will be detailed later on.

[0061] The practitioner can now remove the aiming barrel 20 used to insert the so-called proximal first wire 23, and then, by rotating the aiming piece 9, he clears the wire 23 which then passes through the slot 21 and thus extract the surgical guide according to the invention while leaving the proximal wire 23, stabilizing the system.

[0062] Referring to FIG. 13, the practitioner may be assisted by a parallel guide 24 to insert a second wire 25, parallel to the proximal wire 23. The practitioner could, if he so wishes, insert the first implant before inserting the second wire 25. He will carry on the insertion of the second implant thereby totally fixing the system. Lastly, the practitioner will perform a last exostectomy to remove the bone wedge likely to aggress the soft tissues of the patient and hinder him when walking.

[0063] According to one variant, with reference to FIG. 14, the surgical guide 1 according to the invention comprises, in the same manner as before, a grip 2 constituted by a head 3 extending at the upper end of a base 4, a trigger 5 adapted to be displaced in a first slide 6 formed in the head 3 of the grip 2 and whose distal end is provided with a through hole 7 for the insertion of a wire, not represented in FIGS. 1 and 6, and a so-called aiming piece 9 adapted to be displaced in a second slide 10 formed in the base 4 of the grip 2, said aiming piece 9 comprising at the distal end thereof means 11 for supporting at least one wire.

[0064] The base 4 of the grip 2 has a circular-arc shape whose concavity is directed towards the distal end of the trigger 5 of said grip 2. Said base 4 of the grip 2 is constituted by a flat surface 12 and two bent parallel branches 13, each branch 13 being provided with at least two through holes 14, extending opposite one another in pairs. The head 3, which as a substantially parallelepipedic shape, is screwed on the flat surface 12 by means of two screws 15 cooperating with two threaded holes 16 formed on said flat surface 12.

[0065] Moreover, the so-called aiming piece 9 has a circular-arc shape having the same radius of curvature as the base 4 of the grip 2. Said aiming piece has an aperture 17 extending substantially from the proximal end up to the distal end of the aiming piece 9, said aperture 17 enabling the passage of screws 18 cooperating with the holes 14 of the bent branches 13 of the grip 2.

[0066] In the same manner as before, it is quite obvious that the aiming piece 9 may have a circular-arc general shape having a radius of curvature different from the radius of curvature of the base 4 of the grip 2, the aiming piece 9 and the base 4 being nevertheless concentric, yet without departing from the scope of the invention.

[0067] The surgical guide differs from the previously-described one in that it does not include any blade 8, in that the trigger 5 comprises a measuring graduation 26 and in that the means 11 for supporting a wire are constituted by two parallel cylindrical sleeves 19 whose axes of revolution extend in the sagittal plane of the guide, in the direction of the distal end of the trigger 5, said cylindrical sleeves 19 respectively forming a sheath adapted to receive a barrel 20 for aiming a wire.

[0068] Thus, the exit point of the wire, extrapolated beforehand, is then found by measurement of the depth of the completed osteotomy. The practitioner could, if he so wishes, use a depth gauge to perform this measurement.

[0069] The operation of this variant of the surgical guide will now be explained with reference to FIGS. 15 and 16.

[0070] In this embodiment, the practitioner does not translate the epiphysis of the metatarsus but rather the trigger of the instrumentation according to the invention. Afterwards, the practitioner can insert the guide wire(s) using the aiming arc and a barrel attached on this arc. Hence, the use of the instrumentation according to the invention boils down, with reference to FIG. 15, to carrying out the osteotomy, measuring the depth of the osteotomy using a depth gauge, inserting the wire into the intramedullary canal of the metatarsus and performing an overlapping of the surgical guide according to the invention on the wire; then, with reference to FIG. 16, to reporting the depth measurement, inserting the screw guide wires 23, 25, removing the surgical guide, translating the epiphysis and proceeding with a complete insertion of the wires.

[0071] It should be noted that the variant represented in FIGS. 1 to 13 may include means 11 for supporting a wire constituted by two parallel cylindrical sleeves 19 whose axes of revolution extend in the sagittal plane of the guide, in the direction of the distal end of the trigger 5, said cylindrical sleeves 19 respectively forming a sheath adapted to receive a barrel 20 for aiming a wire, yet without departing from the scope of the invention.

[0072] According to a second variant, with reference to FIGS. 17 and 18, the surgical guide 1 according to the invention comprises, in the same manner as that described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6, a sleeve 2 constituted by a head 3 extending at the upper end of a base 4, a trigger 5 adapted to be displaced in a first slide 6 formed in the head 3 of the grip 2 and whose distal end is provided with a through hole 7 for the insertion of a wire, not represented in the figures, a blade 8 secured to the distal end of the head 3 of the grip 2, under the trigger 5, said blade 8 having an L-like general shape and comprising a proximal portion 8a extending parallel to the head 3 of the grip 2 and provided with a longitudinal aperture 8b and a distal portion 8c adapted to bear on the epiphysis of the metatarsus, and a so-called aiming piece 9 adapted to be displaced in a second slide 10 formed in the base 4 of the grip 2, said aiming piece 9 comprising at the distal end thereof means 11 for supporting at least one wire.

[0073] Said base 4 of the grip 2 has a circular-arc shape whose concavity is directed towards the distal end of the blade 8. Said base 4 of the grip 2 is constituted by two bent parallel branches 13, each branch 13 being provided with at least two through holes 14, extending opposite one another in pairs. The head 3, which has a substantially parallelepipedic shape, is constituted by two portions, each portion of the head 3 carrying a bent 13 branch 13 forming the base 4 of the grip 2.

[0074] Moreover, the so-called aiming piece 9 has a circular-arc shape having the same radius of curvature as the base 4 of the grip 2. Said aiming piece 9 has an aperture 17 extending substantially from the proximal end up to the distal end of the aiming piece 9, said aperture 17 enabling the passage of screws 18 cooperating with a hole 14 of the bent branches 13 of the grip 2.

[0075] In the same manner as before, it is quite obvious that the aiming piece 9 may have a circular-arc general shape having a radius of curvature different from the radius of curvature of the base 4 of the grip 2, the aiming piece 9 and the base 4 being nevertheless concentric, yet without departing from the scope of the invention.

[0076] In addition, the means 11 for supporting a wire are constituted by two cylindrical sleeves 19 whose axes of revolution extend parallel to one another in the sagittal plane of the surgical guide, in the direction of the distal end of the blade 8, said cylindrical sleeves 19 forming sheaths adapted to receive a barrel for aiming a wire. Advantageously, the sheaths formed by the cylindrical sleeves 19 include a longitudinal slot 21, at the proximal end of the support means 11, said slot 21 extending in the sagittal plane of said guide, so as to enable an easy removal of the surgical guide after set-up of the wire, the aiming barrel being removed beforehand, the wire then passing through said slot 21.

[0077] The surgical guide differs from the previously-described one in that it includes means for pulling the trigger 5 constituted by a worm screw 27 a first end thereof cooperates with said trigger 5 and the opposite end thereof is provided with a knob 28. In this manner, once the translation of the head is performed by the practitioner, the surgeon has freehand to manage the dorsoplantar position of the translated epiphysis of the metatarsus. With the other hand, he can insert the wires, these therefore lying in the midplane of the head.

[0078] Incidentally, to ensure translation of the head and holding of the correction, a rack with an unlock button may be used.

[0079] According to a third variant, with reference to FIGS. 19 to 21, the surgical guide 1 according to the invention comprises, in the same manner as that described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6, a grip 2 constituted by a head 3 extending at the upper end of a base 4, a trigger 5 adapted to be displaced in a first slide 6 formed in the head 3 of the grip 2 and whose distal end is provided with a through hole 7 for the insertion of a wire, not represented in the figures, a blade 8 secured to the distal end of the head 3 of the grip 2, under the trigger 5, and a so-called aiming piece 9 adapted to be displaced in a second slide 10 formed in the base 4 of the grip 2, said aiming piece 9 comprising at the distal end thereof means 11 for supporting at least one wire.

[0080] The means 11 for supporting a wire are constituted by two cylindrical sleeves 19 whose axes of revolution extend parallel to one another in the sagittal plane of the surgical guide, in the direction of the distal end of the blade 8, said cylindrical sleeves 19 forming sheaths adapted to receive a barrel for aiming a wire. Advantageously, the sheaths formed by the cylindrical sleeves 19 include a longitudinal slot 21, at the proximal end of the support means 11, said slot 21 extending in the sagittal plane of said guide, so as to enable an easy removal of the surgical guide after set-up of the wire, the aiming barrel being removed beforehand, the wire then passing through said slot 21.

[0081] In the same manner as before, the surgical guide includes means for pulling the trigger 5 constituted by a worm screw 27 a first end thereof cooperates with said trigger 5 and the opposite end thereof is provided with a knob 28. In this manner, once the translation of the head is performed by the practitioner, the surgeon has freehand to manage the dorsoplantar position of the translated epiphysis of the metatarsus. With the other hand, he can insert the wires, these therefore lying in the midplane of the head.

[0082] Incidentally, to ensure translation of the head and holding of the correction, a rack with an unlock button may be used.

[0083] The surgical guide differs from the previously-described one in that the grip 2 is constituted by two half-shells 29a and 29b respectively comprising a head 3 and a bent portion 13 whose concavity is directed towards the distal end of the trigger 5 and whose lower end is open for the passage of the so-called aiming piece 9, the flat surface 12 and the bent branch 13 being provided with through holes 14, extending opposite one another in pairs. Thus, the head 3, which has a substantially parallelepipedic shape, is formed by two half-shells 29a and 29b.

[0084] Moreover, the so-called aiming piece 9 has a circular-arc shape having the same radius of curvature as the base 4 of the grip 2. Said aiming piece 9 has an aperture 17 extending substantially from the proximal end up to the distal end of the aiming piece 9, said aperture 17 enabling the passage of screws 18 cooperating with the holes 14 of the bent branches 13 of the grip 2.

[0085] In the same manner as before, it is quite obvious that the aiming piece 9 may have a circular-arc general shape having a radius of curvature different from the radius of curvature of the base 4 of the grip 2, the aiming piece 9 and the base 4 being nevertheless concentric, yet without departing from the scope of the invention.

[0086] The surgical guide also differs from the previously-described one in that said blade 8 has a rectilinear general shape rather than an L-like shape, and thus comprising only a proximal portion 8a extending parallel to the head 3 of the grip 2 and provided with a longitudinal aperture 8b.

[0087] Moreover, it shall be emphasized that, regardless of the embodiment of the surgical guide according to the invention, the latter enables an accurate insertion of the first proximal wire and that, regardless of the anatomy of the first metatarsus, an insertion of the second distal wire parallel to the first proximal wire, without any risk of interference between the screws, a symmetrical use of the surgical guide according to the invention and a reduced use of radiographic images.

[0088] Finally, it is quite obvious that the examples that have just been provided are only particular illustrations that are not restrictive with regards to the fields of application of the invention.