WOOD-BURNING OVEN

Abstract

The invention relates to wood-burning ovens and may be used for preparing food, in particular, baked items, for example, pizza.

Claims

1. A wood-burning oven comprising a built-up base; an arched top located above the built-up base; a rear wall that connects the built-up base to the arched top, and a front wall provided with an inlet opening, said walls and arched top forming a working space, which is intended for burning fuel and for a subsequent placement therein of cookware for preparing food; a chimney installed at the upper portion of the arched top; the arched top comprising at least two arched sections each of which comprises at least two segmental blocks and one keystone element to unite segmental blocks in the arched section, characterized in that the arched section further comprises two support blocks positioned opposite one another, each of which is mounted on the base and serves as a support for at least one segmental block, each segment block comprising a first shaped contact surface abutting a corresponding congruent shaped surface of the support block mated with said segmental block, and a second shaped contact surface abutting a corresponding congruent shaped surface of the keystone element mated with said segmental block, the chimney being installed in immediate proximity to the front wall of the oven and the size of the inlet opening in the front wall of the oven is less as compared with the cross-section of the working space thereof.

2. The wood-burning oven as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that each support block serves as a support for at least two segmental blocks that mate therewith.

3. The wood-burning oven as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the chimney is installed at a distance, B, from the front wall of the oven, which distance is determined as follows:
0.1L<B≤0.5L, where: B is the distance from the front wall 4 of the oven, at which the chimney 6 is installed, in mm; and L is the total length of the oven, in mm.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the wood-burning oven in accordance with the present invention;

[0022] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the wood-burning oven in accordance with the present invention (the same as in FIG. 1);

[0023] FIG. 3 is a front view of the wood-burning oven shown in FIG. 2;

[0024] FIG. 4 is a side view of the wood-burning oven shown in FIG. 2;

[0025] FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 3;

[0026] FIG. 6 shows the assembly of the wood-burning oven shown in FIG. 2;

[0027] FIG. 7 is an exploded view of the arched top of the oven shown in FIG. 1; and

[0028] FIG. 8 is an exploded view of the front wall in the form of an additional arched section.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0029] Referring first to FIG. 1, the wood-burning oven in accordance with the present invention comprises a built-up base 1; an arched top 2 located above the built-up base 1; a rear wall 3 that connects the built-up base 1 to the arched top 2, and a front wall provided with an inlet opening. Said elements form a working space 5 of the oven ne, which is intended for burning fuel and for a subsequent placement therein of cookware for preparing food. The wood-burning oven comprises also a chimney 6 installed at the upper portion of the arched top 2, the arched top 2 comprising at least two arched sections each of which comprises at least two segmental blocks 7.sub.1 and 7.sub.2 and one keystone element 8 unite segmental blocks 7.sub.1 and 7.sub.2 in the arched section. Each arched section 5 further comprises two support blocks 9.sub.1 and 9.sub.2 positioned opposite one another, each of which is mounted on the base 1 and serves as a support for at least one of the segmental blocks 7.sub.1 and 7.sub.2, respectively. The segmental block 7.sub.1 comprises a first shaped contact surface 10.sub.1 abutting a corresponding congruent shaped surface 11.sub.1 of the support block 9.sub.1 that mates with said segmental block, and a second shaped contact surface 12.sub.1 abutting a corresponding congruent shaped surface 13.sub.1 of the keystone element 8 that mates with said segmental block. The segmental block 7.sub.2 comprises a first shaped contact surface 10.sub.2 abutting a corresponding congruent shaped surface 11.sub.2 of the support block 9.sub.2 that mates with said segmental block, and a second shaped contact surface 12.sub.2 abutting a corresponding congruent shaped surface 13.sub.2 of the keystone element 8 that mates with said segmental block.

[0030] The front wall 4 is configured in the form of an additional arched section, which comprises two additional support blocks 14.sub.1 and 14.sub.2, two additional segmental blocks 15.sub.1 and 15.sub.2, as well as an additional keystone element 16 intended to connect the additional segmental blocks 15.sub.1 and 15.sub.2 to each other. The additional support blocks 14.sub.1 and 14.sub.2, the additional segmental blocks 15.sub.1 and 15.sub.2, as well as the additional keystone element 16 have smaller geometrical dimensions as compared with the respective support blocks 9.sub.1 and 9.sub.2, the segmental blocks 7.sub.1 and 7.sub.2, and the keystone element 8 this making it possible to reduce the size of the inlet opening in the front wall 4 of the oven as compared with the cross-section of the working space 5 thereof.

[0031] According to a preferred embodiment of the wood-burning oven of the present invention, a support block 9.sub.1.sup.1 (shown in FIG. 2) serves as a support for at least two segmental blocks 7.sub.1, which mate with said support block and a support block 9.sub.2.sup.1 serves as a support for at least two segmental blocks 7.sub.2, which mate with said support block.

[0032] The keystone element 8 comprises at least two shaped contact surfaces 13.sub.1 and 13.sub.2. The contact surface 13.sub.1 abuts the corresponding congruent shaped surface 12.sub.1 of the first segmental block 7.sub.1 mated therewith, which is included in the arched section. The second contact surface 13.sub.2 of the keystone element 8 abuts the corresponding congruent shaped surface 12.sub.2 of the second segmental block 7.sub.2 mated therewith, which is included in the same arched section.

[0033] The chimney 6 is installed in immediate proximity to the front wall 4 of the oven at a distance, B, from the front wall of the oven, which distance is determined as follows:

0.1L<B≤0.5L,

[0034] where:

[0035] B is the distance from the front wall 4 of the oven, at which the chimney 6 is installed, in mm; and;

[0036] L is the total length of the oven, in mm.

[0037] Advantageously, the chimney 6 is installed at the distance, B, from the front wall 4 of the oven chosen within the range from 0.12L to 0.35L.

[0038] The distance, B, chosen from the front wall 4 of the oven, at which the chimney 6 is installed, ensures the optimum movement of heated air masses within the working space 5 during the preparation of food this making it possible to ensure a uniform heating of food being cooked, in particular, items to be baked.

[0039] A yet another embodiment of the present invention provides a method for the installation of the wood-burning oven of the present invention.

[0040] A place for the installation of the wood-burning oven is first prepared. The oven is placed on a foundation whose height is chosen based on the convenience of wood-burning oven operation. The built-up base 1 is formed of rectangular refractory bricks with firebricks being used as such bricks. The firebricks are laid with their bed on the foundation of the oven. The arched sections of the arched top 2 are then formed. To form each arched section, the support blocks 9.sub.1 and 9.sub.2 positioned opposite one another are installed on the foundation 1. In doing so, horizontal joints between the support blocks 9.sub.1, 9.sub.2 and the base 1 are made of lime mortar or another suitable earth mortar. Then, on the shaped surface 11.sub.1 of the support blocks 9.sub.1, the first shaped surface 10.sub.1 of the segmental block 7.sub.1 congruent thereto is placed, and, on the shaped surface 11.sub.2 of the support blocks 9.sub.2, the first shaped surface 10.sub.2 of the segmental block 72 congruent thereto is placed. Between the second shaped surface 12.sub.1 of the segmental block 7.sub.1 and the second shaped surface 12.sub.2 of the segmental block 7.sub.2, the keystone element 8 with the shaped surfaces 13.sub.1 and 13.sub.2, which contacts to the congruent surfaces 12.sub.1 and 12.sub.2 of the respective segmental blocks 7.sub.1 and 7.sub.2, is installed. In a similar way, the additional arched section is assembled, which section serves as the front wall 4 of the oven. The rear wall 3 of the oven is laid from the base 1 to the arched top 2. All the joints between the oven elements are filled with lime mortar or earth mortar. The chimney 6 is installed at the upper portion of the arched top at the distance, B, from the front wall 4 of the oven. Once the oven is built, the joints between the oven elements are covered with lime mortar or earth mortar both within and outside the working space 5 of the oven.

[0041] The base 1, the arched top 2, the rear wall 3, and the front wall 4 provided with the inlet opening, form the working space 5 of the oven intended for burning fuel and for a subsequent placement therein of cookware for preparing food. In the working space 5, fuel burns with heat transfer to all the oven elements. The working space 5 accommodates the required quantity of fuel and ensures a sufficient air intake to the burning fuel and a high temperature in the burning area for the efficient heating of all the oven elements. Flue gases, which are produced in the working space as a result of fuel combustion, rise and fill the chimney 6. The distance, B, at which the chimney 6 is installed from the front wall 4 of the oven is chosen so as to ensure the optimum firewood burning conditions in the oven, as well as to ensure the optimum movement of heated air masses within the working space during the preparation of food, in particular, baking pizza.

[0042] Once the oven is built and covered with mortar, a trial operation of the oven is carried out. For this, a small quantity of wood fuel is laid into the working space 5 of the oven and is set a fire. Following 30 to 40 minutes, when the temperature rises up to 400 to 500° C., the burning fuel is moved toward the rear wall 3 of the oven, as a result whereof the optimum aerodynamic conditions of the movement of heated air masses within the working space are achieved. The oven should not be strongly heated for it may crack in the joints filled with lime mortar or another binder. Burning with small quantities of fuel is continued for 3-5 days once daily in summer and twice daily in winter and autumn. Only if these requirements are complied with, the oven is dried up gradually and develops no crack subsequently.

[0043] Articles to be baked, for example, pizza, are laid directly onto the base 1 of the oven and are cooked being rotated for the most uniform baking. After 2 to 4 minutes, depending on the type of pizza, it is removed out of the oven.

[0044] Technical Result

[0045] The technical result of the claimed invention is the simplicity of the manufacture of the wood-burning oven and the reliability of its operation, as well as a high heat storage capacity owing to the optimization of aerodynamic conditions of the stream of exhaust gases produced by the combustion of wood fuel.