Disk clutch, disk for such a disk clutch, method for producing such a disk clutch or disk

Abstract

The present invention relates to a disk clutch comprising a first disk set (32) which is connected rotationally fixed to a first disk carrier (18) and a second disk set (42) which is connected rotationally fixed to a second disk carrier (24), wherein the disks (34 through 40, 46 through 52) of the two disk sets (32, 42) may be brought into frictional engagement with one another via friction surfaces (54, 56), wherein recesses and/or grooves are provided in at least one or more friction surfaces (54, 56) of the disks (34 through 40; 46 through 52) of the first and/or second disk sets (32; 42). A first type of recesses and/or grooves (68) is thereby provided, which is generated by a material shaping and/or a material casting and/or a non-material removing first manufacturing method, and a second type of recesses and/or grooves (70) is provided, which is generated by a material removing second manufacturing method. In addition, the present invention relates to a disk (66) for such a disk clutch and a method for producing such a disk clutch (2) and such a disk (60).

Claims

1. A disk clutch (2), comprising a first disk set (32) which is connected rotationally fixed to a first disk carrier (18) and a second disk set (42) which is connected rotationally fixed to a second disk carrier (24), wherein disks (34 through 40, 46 through 52) of the two disk sets (32, 42) are configured to be brought into frictional engagement with one another via friction surfaces (54, 56), wherein recesses and/or grooves are provided in at least one or more friction surfaces (54, 56) of the disks (34 through 40; 46 through 52) of the first and/or second disk sets (32; 42), wherein a first type of recesses and/or grooves (68) is provided, which is generated by a material shaping and/or a material casting and/or a non-material removing first manufacturing method, and a second type of recesses and/or grooves (70) is provided, which is generated by a material removing second manufacturing method, wherein the at least one friction surface (54, 56) or the multiple friction surfaces (54, 56) is/are formed by a friction lining (60, 62) fixed on a friction lining carrier (58), and wherein the friction lining (60, 62) is glued on the friction lining carrier (58), or is fixed on the friction lining carrier (58) in segments, while generating an intermediate third type of recesses and/or grooves (72).

2. The disk clutch (2) according to claim 1, wherein the first type of recesses and/or grooves (68) is generated by stamping and/or the second type of recesses and/or grooves (70) is generated by a mechanical manufacturing method.

3. The disk clutch (2) according to claim 2, wherein the mechanical manufacturing method is milling.

4. The disk clutch (2) according to claim 1, wherein the first type of recesses and/or grooves (68) have a lesser depth than the second type of recesses and/or grooves (70).

5. The disk clutch (2) according to claim 1, wherein the disks (34 through 40) of the first disk set (32) are provided on both sides with the friction surfaces (54, 56) with the recesses and/or grooves (68, 70), whereas the disks (44, through 52) of the second disk set (42) have no friction surfaces (54, 56) provided with recesses and/or grooves.

6. The disk clutch (2) according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the disks (34 through 40, 44 through 52) has both the first type of recesses and/or grooves (68) as well as the second type of recesses and/or grooves (70).

7. The disk clutch (2) according to claim 6, wherein both the first type of recesses and/or grooves (68) as well as the second type of recesses and/or grooves (70) are provided in one or both friction surfaces (54; 56) of this at least one disk (34 through 40, 44 through 52).

8. A method for producing the disk clutch (2) according to claim 1, comprising the method steps: providing the disks (34 through 40, 44 through 52) of the first disk set (32) connectable to the first disk carrier (18) and of the second disk set (42) connectable to the second disk carrier (24), generating the first type of recesses and/or grooves (68) by the material shaping and/or the material casting and/or the non-material removing first manufacturing method in the friction surfaces (54; 56) of at least one of the disks (34 through 40, 44 through 52), generating the second type of recesses and/or grooves (70) by the material removing second manufacturing method in the friction surfaces (54; 56) of the at least one disk (34 through 40, 46 through 52), and/or in the friction surfaces (54; 56) of at least one other disk (34 through 40, 44 through 52), and compiling a disk set (30) from the disks, including the disks (34 through 40; 44 through 52) having the grooves and/or recesses.

9. The disk clutch (2) according to claim 1, wherein the disk clutch (2) is a hydraulically actuatable disk clutch (2).

10. The method for producing a disk clutch (2) according to claim 8, wherein the disks (34 through 40) of the first disk set (32) are connected to a first disk carrier (18) in such a way, and the disks (44 through 52) of the second disk set (42) are connected to a second disk carrier (24) in such a way that their friction surfaces (54, 56) may be brought into frictional engagement with one another.

11. The method for producing the disk clutch (2) according to claim 10, wherein the providing of the disks (34 through 40, 44 through 52) of the second disk set (42) comprises providing a friction lining carrier (58) and fixing of a friction lining (60, 62) on the friction lining carrier (58) to form the at least one friction surface (54; 56).

12. The method for producing the disk clutch (2) according to claim 11, wherein the fixing is carried out simultaneously with the generation of the first type of recesses and/or grooves (68).

13. The disk clutch (2) according to claim 1, wherein the friction lining carrier (58) is a paper friction lining.

14. The disk clutch (2) according to claim 1, wherein the friction lining (60, 62) is glued on the friction lining carrier (58), or is fixed on the friction lining carrier (58) in segments.

15. The disk clutch (2) according to claim 1, wherein the disks (34 through 40, 44 through 52) of the first and second disk sets (32, 42) each have a first friction surface (54) with the recesses and/or grooves (68, 70) and a second friction surface (56) facing away from the first friction surface (54) without recesses and/or grooves.

Description

(1) The invention will subsequently be explained in more detail by means of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. As shown in:

(2) FIG. 1 a partial side view of a disk clutch in a first embodiment in a cutaway view,

(3) FIG. 2 a partial side view of a disk clutch in a second embodiment in a cutaway view,

(4) FIG. 3 a front view of a first embodiment variant of a disk in the disk clutches according to FIGS. 1 and 2 in the direction of arrow A,

(5) FIG. 4 a front view of a second embodiment variant of a disk in the disk clutches according to FIGS. 1 and 2 in the direction of arrow A, and

(6) FIG. 5 a front view of a third embodiment variant of a disk in the disk clutches according to FIGS. 1 and 2.

(7) FIG. 1 shows a disk clutch 2, which is designed as a wet-running disk clutch 2 and may be hydraulically actuated, even if a corresponding actuating piston or actuating element is omitted in the depiction in FIG. 1. In the figures, opposite axial directions 4, 6, opposite radial directions 8, 10, and opposite circumferential directions 12, 14 of disk clutch 2 are indicated by means of corresponding arrows, wherein disk clutch 2 is rotatable in circumferential directions 12, around axis of rotation 16 extending in axial directions 4, 6.

(8) Disk clutch 2 has a first disk carrier 18, which is designed here as an inner disk carrier. First disk carrier 18 has a first disk carrier section 20 extending substantially in axial directions 4, 6, which is provided in radial direction 8 with a first rotary driving contour 22 facing outward and extending in circumferential direction 12, 14. A second disk carrier 24, which is additionally assigned to first disk carrier 18, is designed in this case as an outer disk carrier, and has a second disk carrier section 26, which likewise extends substantially in axial directions 4, 6, and is arranged nested with first disk carrier section 20 in radial direction 8, 10. Second disk carrier section 26 has a second rotary driving contour 28 extending in circumferential direction 12, 14 and facing inward in radial direction 10. The two rotary driving contours 22, 28 are preferably designed as toothings.

(9) A disk set 30 is arranged in radial direction 8, 10 between two disk support sections 20, 26. Disk set 30 has a first disk set 32 whose disks 34 through 40 are designed as inner disks, which are connected rotationally fixed to first disk carrier section 20; however, are displaceable in axial direction 4, 6 relative to first disk carrier 18. In addition, disk set 30 has a second disk set 42, whose disks 44 through 52 are designed as outer disks and are connected rotationally fixed to second rotary driving contour 28, wherein disks 44 through 52 are displaceable in axial direction 4, 6 relative to second disk carrier 24. Disks 34 through 40 of first disk set 32 and disks 44 through 52 of second disk set 42 are arranged in such a way that they alternate one another in axial direction 4, 6. Thus the disks of both disk sets 32, 42 each have a first friction surface 54 facing in axial direction 4 and a second friction surface 56 facing in axial direction 6, wherein both friction surfaces 54, 56 are formed as friction surfaces 54, 56 extending substantially in circumferential direction 12, 14, which consequently may also be designated as substantially annular friction surfaces 54, 56. In addition, it should be noted that the two end disks, in this case disks 44 and 52, only have a friction surface 56 or a friction surface 54, particularly as the surface of disk 44 facing in axial direction 4 and the side of end disk 52 facing in axial direction 6 may not be brought into frictional engagement with another disk. In general, disks 34 through 40 of first disk set 32 and disks 44 through 52 of second disk set 42 may be brought into frictional engagement with one another via friction surfaces 54, 56 facing one another, when disk set 30 is pressed together or compressed in axial direction 4, 6.

(10) In the embodiment according to FIG. 1, disks through 40 of first disk set 32 are designed as friction lining disks, stated more precisely, as disks 34 through 40 provided with a friction lining on both sides. Thus, disks 34 through 40 each have a substantially annular friction lining carrier 58, wherein a first friction lining 60 is fixed on the side of friction lining carrier 58 facing in axial direction 4 to form first friction surface 54, and a second friction lining 62 is fixed on the side of friction lining carrier 58 facing in axial direction 6, which serves to form second friction surface 56. The two friction linings 60, 62 are paper friction linings, which are additionally glued to friction lining carrier 58. Friction linings 60, 62 are thereby each fixed on friction lining carrier 58 as segments, wherein this shall be explained again later in greater detail. Disks 44 through 52 of second disk set 42 are, in contrast, designed as disks without friction linings and/or as steel disks. Recesses and/or grooves are provided in friction surfaces 54, 56 of disks 34 through 40 of first disk set 32, whereas no grooves and/or recesses are provided in the friction surfaces 54, 56 of disks 44 through 52 of second disk set 42.

(11) Before the previously mentioned recesses and/or grooves in friction surfaces 54, 56 are explained in greater detail, the structure of the second embodiment of disk clutch 2 according to FIG. 2 should be explained. The second embodiment in FIG. 2 corresponds substantially with the embodiment according to FIG. 1, so that subsequently only the differences shall be addressed; identical reference numbers are used for identical or similar parts and the previous description correspondingly generally applies.

(12) In contrast to the first embodiment, disks 34 through 40 of first disk set 32 have only the previously mentioned first friction lining 60, which functions to form first friction surface 54 facing in axial direction 4, whereas second friction surface 56 facing in axial direction 6 is itself formed by friction lining carrier 58. Disks 34 through 40 of first disk set 32 are consequently disks 34 through 40 provided with a friction lining 60 on one side. This applies correspondingly for disks 46 through 52 of second disk set 42, which are likewise formed as disks provided with a friction lining 62 on one side, consequently have a friction lining carrier 58 on whose side facing in axial direction 4 a friction lining 62 is fixed using the previously described way in order to form first friction surface 54, whereas second friction surface 56 of disks 44 through 50 facing in axial direction 5 is formed by friction lining carrier 58. However, end disk 44 may again be a disk without a friction lining or a steel disk, consequently the side of end disk 44 facing in axial direction 4 may not be brought into frictional engagement with a disk of first disk set 32. In the second embodiment according to FIG. 2, said recesses and/or grooves are consequently formed both in disks 34 through 40 of first disk set 32 and also in disks 46 through 52 of second disk set 42, wherein the recesses and/or grooves are always formed in first friction surface 54 formed by respective friction lining 62, whereas no grooves and/or recesses are provided in second friction surface 56.

(13) Embodiment variants of the disks used in disk clutch 2 according to FIG. 1 and/or FIG. 2 are subsequently described with reference to FIGS. 3 through 5. In the case of disk clutch 2 according to FIG. 1, the structure of at least one or at least two disks of first disk set 32 are thereby described, wherein the embodiments may relate to both only first friction surface 54 or to both first friction surface 54 and also second friction surface 56 of disks 34 through 40 of first disk set 32. In the case of the second embodiment of disk clutch 2 according to FIG. 2, the subsequent embodiments relate to at least one or two of disks 34 through 40 of first disk set 32 and/or to at least one or two of disks 46 through 52 of second disk set 42. Reference is also made to the fact that, with respect to disk clutch 2 according to FIG. 2, FIGS. 3 through 5 namely show an inner disk; however the subsequent embodiments apply in a corresponding way for at least one of disks 46 through 52 of second disk set 42 with the single difference that, instead of the inner toothing shown in FIGS. 3 through 5, an outer toothing would be provided on each disk 46 through 52 in order to be able to bring these into rotary driving connection with second rotary driving contour 28 on second disk support section 26.

(14) FIG. 3 shows a first embodiment of a disk 66, wherein at least one of disks 34 through 40 of first disk set 32 in FIG. 1 or at least one disk 34 through 40 of first disk set 32 and/or at least one of disks 46 through 52 in FIG. 2 is designed in the manner of disk 66. First friction surface 54 is formed by friction lining 60, which is fixed in the already previously described way on the side of friction lining carrier 58 facing in axial direction 4, wherein first friction surface 54 is designed as extending substantially in circumferential direction 12, 14. A first type of recesses and/or grooves 68 is provided in first friction surface 54. First type of recesses and/or grooves 68, which preferably form a groove pattern in a grid or honeycomb shape, was generated by a material shaping first manufacturing method, and thus not by a material removing manufacturing method. It is hereby preferred if first type of recesses and/or grooves 68 is generated by stamping. Thus, first type of recesses and/or grooves 68 may, for example, be generated simultaneously with the gluing of friction lining 60 to friction lining carrier 58; however, first type of recesses and/or grooves 68 might also have been stamped after friction lining 60 was fixed on friction lining carrier 58. Alternatively, the first manufacturing method may also be a material casting first manufacturing method, in which the provided friction lining 60 had already been provided with first type of recesses and/or grooves 68 during production of the same. In addition, first friction surface 54 has a second type of recesses and/or grooves 70. Second type of recesses and/or grooves 70 again form a groove pattern, which is formed as grid or honeycomb shaped and corresponds in its dimensioning substantially to the groove pattern of first type of recesses and/or grooves 68. First type of recesses and/or grooves 68 and second type of recesses and/or grooves 70 thereby follow one another alternatingly in circumferential direction 12, 14. Although it would, alternatively or supplementally, basically also be possible if first type of recesses and/or grooves 68 and second type of recesses and/or grooves 70 followed one another in radial direction 8, 10, the depicted embodiment has, however, the advantage of simplified production. Second type of recesses and/or grooves 70 is, in contrast to first type of recesses and/or grooves 68, generated by a material-removing second manufacturing method. This may basically be any material-removing manufacturing method; however, it is preferred if this is a mechanical manufacturing method, like grinding, wherein it is particularly preferred if second type of recesses and/or grooves 70 is generated by milling. Even if it is not obvious from FIG. 3, first type of recesses and/or grooves 68 have a lesser depth than second type of recesses and/or grooves 70.

(15) In the case of disk clutch 2 according to FIG. 1, disks 34 through 40 of first disk set 32 are thus provided on both sides with friction surfaces 54 and 56 with first type of recesses and/or grooves 68 and second type of recesses and/or grooves 70, whereas disks 44 through 52 of second disk set 42 have no grooves and/or recesses in their friction surfaces 54, 56. In contrast, in the case of disk clutch 2 according to FIG. 2, at least one of disks 34 through 40 and 46 through 52 has first and second type of recesses and/or grooves 68, 70 in first friction surface 54, whereas no recesses and/or grooves are provided in second friction surface 56 facing away from first friction surface 54. It is also clear from the previous description of disk 66 according to FIG. 3, that at least one disk 34 through 40 and 46 through 52 has both first type of recesses and/or grooves 68 as well as second type of recesses and/or grooves 70, wherein in one or both friction surfaces 54, 56, both first type of recesses and/or grooves 68 as well as second type of recesses and/or grooves 70 are provided.

(16) As already previously mentioned, friction lining 60 is fixed on friction lining carrier 58 in segments. This is carried out by generating an intermediate third type of recesses and/or grooves 72, which is formed between friction lining segments 74 of friction lining 60 and extends in the depicted embodiment from an inner edge 76 facing inward in radial direction 10 to an outer edge 78 facing outward in radial direction 8, wherein third type of recesses and/or grooves 72 is not only formed as continuous, but also has a groove bottom which is formed by friction lining carrier 58.

(17) FIGS. 4 and 5 show two additional embodiment variants of a disk 66, which essentially correspond to the embodiment variant from FIG. 3, so that subsequently only the differences shall be addressed; identical reference numerals are used for identical or similar parts and the previous description correspondingly generally applies. Both embodiments according to FIGS. 4 and 5 are used according to another embodiment of disk clutch 2 both in the embodiment according to FIG. 1 as well as the embodiment according to FIG. 2. This means for disk clutch 2 according to FIG. 1, that at least one of disks 34 through 40 is designed in the manner of disk 66 from FIG. 4, whereas another of disks 34 through 40 from FIG. 1 is designed in the manner of disk 66 from FIG. 5. In the case of disk clutch 2 according to FIG. 2, at least one of disks 34 through 40 and 46 through 52 is designed in the manner of disk 66 from FIG. 4, and at least one of disks 34 through 40 and 46 through 52 is designed in the manner of disk 66 from FIG. 5.

(18) In contrast to disk 66 according to FIG. 3, in disk 66 according to FIG. 4, only first type of recesses and/or grooves 68 is provided, whereas second type of recesses and/or grooves 70 is not provided. In contrast, in disk 66 according to FIG. 5, only second type of recesses and/or grooves 70 is provided, whereas first type of recesses and/or grooves 68 is not provided. This has the advantage for disk 66 according to FIG. 4, that disk 66 or recesses and/or grooves 68 provided therein of the first type need only be manufactured by the material shaping first manufacturing method, whereas the advantage exists for disk 66 according to FIG. 5, that this disk or recesses and/or grooves 70 of the second type provided therein may be generated solely by the material-removing second manufacturing method, so that disk 66 according to FIG. 4 and disk 66 according to FIG. 5 may be manufactured separately from one another, yet simultaneously on different processing stations.

(19) The method for producing disk clutch 2 from FIGS. 1 and 2 already arises from the previous description of FIGS. 1 through 5, so that the corresponding production method is to be only briefly explained again in the following.

(20) In the context of the production method, initially disks 34 through 40 of first disk set 32 and disks 44 through 52 of second disk set 42 are provided. In the case of disks 34 through 40 of first disk set 32 according to FIG. 1, and also in the case of disks 34 through 40 and 46 through 52 of both disk sets 32, 42 according to FIG. 2, the provision of the same is carried out by providing the respective friction lining carrier 58 and fixing the friction linings 60, 62 in the form of paper friction linings on friction lining carrier 58 while forming corresponding friction surfaces 54, 56. Furthermore, first type of recesses and/or grooves 68 are generated in the friction surface of at least one of the disks by a material shaping and/or material casting and/or non-material removing first manufacturing method, preferably by stamping. It is hereby preferred if the fixing or gluing is carried out simultaneously with the generation of first type of recesses and/or grooves 68. In addition, second type of recesses and/or grooves 70 is generated in the respective friction surface of the at least one disk and/or in the friction surface of at least one other disk by a material-removing second manufacturing method, preferably by a mechanical manufacturing method, particularly preferably by milling.

(21) Subsequently, disk set 30 is compiled from the disks, including the disks having grooves and/or recesses, as this is depicted in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 in conjunction with FIGS. 3 through 5. Thus, disks 34 through 40 of first disk set 32 are connected to first disk carrier 18 in such a way, and disks 44 through 52 of second disk set 42 are connected to second disk carrier 24 in such a way, that friction surfaces 54 and 56 may be brought into frictional engagement with one another.

REFERENCE SIGN LIST

(22) 2 Disk clutch 4 Axial direction 6 Axial direction 8 Radial direction 10 Radial direction 12 Circumferential direction 14 Circumferential direction 16 Axis of rotation 18 First disk carrier 20 First disk support section 22 First rotary driving contour 24 Second disk carrier 26 Second disk support section 28 Second rotary driving contour 30 Disk set 32 First disk set 34 Disk 36 Disk 38 Disk 40 Disk 42 Second disk set 44 Disk 46 Disk 48 Disk 50 Disk 52 Disk 54 First friction surface 56 Second friction surface 58 Friction lining carrier 60 First friction lining 62 Second friction lining 66 Disk 68 First type of recesses and/or grooves 70 Second type of recesses and/or grooves 72 Third type of recesses and/or grooves 74 Friction lining segment 76 Inner edge 78 Outer edge