Production, composition and application of preparations in a two-chamber application device for neutralizing and inactivating oxidizing, caustic and irritating chemicals on the skin

Abstract

A device and protective composition is described that is used in the context of first aid for skin contact with acids, bases, oxidizing agents, formaldehyde and fluorides serving to neutralize and inactivate the chemicals. The device comprises a two-chamber applicator that contains a first preparation in a first chamber, such as an antioxidant, and a second preparation in a second chamber, such as a solution that contains a buffer and a calcium salt. The two preparations are mixed just before application and are applied to the affected areas by the device.

Claims

1. A method of production and composition of two liquid preparations to be stored separately from each other in a device containing two separate containers until application of the mixture formed by mixing the two liquid preparations immediately before application of the two liquid preparations as a first aid product for neutralization and inactivation of oxidizing, corrosive and irritating chemicals on the skin, the method comprising: (a) preparing a reducing agent dissolved in a mixture of water and an organic water miscible solvent that is stored in a first container of the device; and (b) preparing a solution of a buffer and a calcium compound dissolved in water that is stored in a second container of the device.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the two liquid preparations are mixed together before application in a ratio of 2:1 to 1:2.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the two liquid preparations are mixed together before application in a ratio of 1:1.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the two liquid preparations are mixed and immediately applied to affected areas of skin.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the two liquid preparations are mixed to form a mixture in a mixing chamber of the device immediately before spraying the mixture of the two liquid preparations on the affected areas of the skin.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of (a) preparing a reducing agent adjusts pH of the reducing agent preparation to a range of pH from 3 to 4 by adding hydrochloric acid while stirring in the absence of light at a temperature in the range from 15 to 20° centigrade and under inert gas atmosphere.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of (b) preparing a solution of a buffer and a calcium compound dissolved in water comprises adjusting a pH of the solution to a range of pH from 5 to 7 by adding sodium hydroxide solution or hydrochloric acid while stirring at a temperature from 15 to 20° centigrade and under an inert gas atmosphere.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein step (a) preparing a reducing agent comprises selecting a reducing agent or mixtures of reducing agents in a percentage selected from 3% to 10%, and the reducing agent or mixture of reducing agents are selected from ascorbic acid, sodium ascorbate, potassium ascorbate, Calcium ascorbate, ascorbic acid ester with fatty acids, cysteine, N-acetyl cysteine, sodium thiosulfate, sodium sulfide, glutathione, acetylcysteine, dimercaptosuccinic acid, dimercaptopropanesulfonic acid, 2-mercaptoethanesulfonate sodium, penicillamine, sodium sulfite, potassium sulfite, or mixtures of any of these.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the organic water miscible solvent consists of glycerol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, glucose, lactulose, sorbitol, erythritol or dimethylsulfoxide.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein step (b) preparing a solution of a buffer and a calcium compound dissolved in water comprises a buffer substance or mixtures of buffer substances in a proportion of between 3 and 15%, and the buffer substance or mixture of buffer substances are selected from the group consisting of glycine, lysine, alanine, glutamic acid, di-sodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium citrate, and tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the calcium compound comprises a calcium compound in a proportion of between 0.5% and 3%, and the calcium compound is selected from the group of calcium compounds consisting of calcium chloride, calcium ascorbate, calcium gluconate, calcium lactate, Calcium citrate, calcium acetate, calcium glutamate, and combinations of any of these.

12. A method of applying a composition prepared according to the method of claim 1, the method comprising: fluidically coupling the first container and the second container; mixing an amount of preparation (a) from the first container and an amount of preparation (b) from the second container to form a mixture; and immediately spraying the mixture on an area of skin after the step of mixing; and neutralizing or inactivating any one or a combination of the following chemicals: nitric acid 65%; sulfuric acid 95%; hydrofluoric acid 40%; hydrochloric acid, smoking 36%; Sodium hypochlorite solution 10% active chlorine; hydrogen peroxide 30%; Peracetic acid 24%; ammonia 25%; caustic soda 32%; Calcium hypochlorite 76% active chlorine; Lithium hypochlorite 26% active chlorine; Formaldehyde 35%; or triacetone peroxide.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(1) According to one example of the invention, this object may be achieved by two different preparations in one two-chamber application device, which has the following features: a first preparation contains a reducing agent or mixtures of reducing agents formed in a proportion between 3 and 10% which are selected from the group consisting of ascorbic acid, sodium ascorbate, potassium ascorbate, calcium ascorbate, ascorbic acid esters with fatty acids, cysteine, N-acetyl-cysteine, sodium thiosulfate, sodium sulfide, glutathione, acetylcysteine, dimercaptosuccinic acid, dimercaptopropanesulfonic acid, 2-mercaptoethanesulfonate sodium, Penicillamine, sodium sulfite and potassium sulfite. This reducing agent is under inert gas atmosphere kept at a stable temperature between 15 and 20° C. dissolved in one mixture of deionized water in a percentage of up to 15% and otherwise water-miscible organic solvents or substances formed from the group of substances selected from glycerol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol (MW 200 to 10,000), glucose, lactulose, sorbitol, erythritol and dimethyl sulfoxide.

(2) The preparation may be combined with hydrochloric acid to set a pH from 3 to 5. A second preparation may be formed containing a buffer substance or mixtures of buffer substances in a proportion between 3 and 15%, which are selected from the group consisting of glycine, lysine, Alanine, glutamic acid, disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium citrate and tris (hydroxymethyl)-aminomethane, as well as formed of a calcium salt or mixtures of calcium salts in a percentage selected between 0.5% and 3%, which may be selected from the group consisting of calcium chloride, calcium ascorbate, calcium gluconate, calcium lactate, calcium citrate, calcium acetate and calcium glutamate. The buffer substances and calcium salts are submerged in water kept at a stable temperature between 15 and 20° C. and dissolved under a protective gas. The pH may be adjusted to a value from 5 to 7 by adding sodium hydroxide solution or hydrochloric acid.

(3) The two preparations are stored in two separate containers and mixed shortly before use in a ratio of 2:1 to 1:2, more preferably in a ratio of 1:1. The application device is designed such that application of the mixture is enabled from a single device immediately following mixing of the two separated preparations. The application takes place by spraying or spreading with the help of a sponge or a brush, which is preferably part of the application device.

Embodiment: Preparation 1 (Portions Per 100 ml, Preparation Under Nitrogen Fumigation and at Maximum 20.0° C.)

(4) Water 11 milliliters

(5) PEG 200 add 70 grams and mix

(6) Glycerin, anhydrous add 9.7 grams and mix

(7) Tergitol TMN 10 0.1 milliliter

(8) ascorbic acid add 9 grams and stir gently until everything has dissolved.

Preparation 2 (Portions Per 100 ml, Preparation Under Nitrogen Fumigation and at Maximum 20.0° C.)

(9) Calcium chloride 2 H2O 3 grams

(10) Benzoic acid 0.1 grams

(11) Tergitol TMN 10 0.1 milliliters

(12) Water add 82 milliliters and stir until everything has dissolved

(13) Glycine add 15 grams and stir until everything is dissolved.

(14) Fill separate chambers of a double-chamber spray bottle, drawing equal amounts from each chamber with the actuation of the spray lever into a mixing chamber. The mixture is then dispensed from the mixing chamber via the spray mechanism.

(15) In one example, preparation 1 has a pH of 4.05 and a Redox voltage of −183 mV, preparation 2 has a pH of 5.22 and a Redox voltage of −10 mV. After mixing the two solutions in a 1:1 ratio, the pH value is at 4.3 and the redox voltage at 31 mV (later rising slightly to 50 mV). By released enthalpy of solution the temperature rises by approximately 5 degrees K. The mixture then contains about 0.25 mol/l ascorbic acid and 0.1 mol/l calcium ions (corresponding to a binding capacity for fluoride of 0.2 mol/l) and has a buffer capacity or formaldehyde imine formation capacity of 1 mol/l.

(16) In this example, changes during mixing with chemicals were examined in terms of its neutralizing or inactivating effect on different chemicals in terms of miscibility, pH change, change in redox voltage and temperature and observable changes of the mixture.

(17) For example, changes for the following chemicals were checked: nitric acid 65%; sulfuric acid 95%; hydrofluoric acid 40%; hydrochloric acid, smoking 36%; Sodium hypochlorite solution 10% active chlorine; hydrogen peroxide 30%; Peracetic acid 24%; ammonia 25%; caustic soda 32%; Calcium hypochlorite 76% active chlorine; Lithium hypochlorite 26% active chlorine; Formaldehyde 35%; and triacetone peroxide.

(18) The result are summarized as follows: all chemicals examined were miscible; Fluoride is precipitated within a few minutes, and so does partial precipitation of sulfate; acids and bases are buffered immediately to a pH value of 3.5 to 4.5; oxidizing agents are immediately reduced to a redox voltage <50 mV; reaction energies are absorbed in a limited amount as chemical energy; skin and consumer goods are well wetted; triacetone peroxide can no longer explode due to impact or sources of ignition.

(19) This detailed description provides examples including features and elements of the claims for the purpose of enabling a person having ordinary skill in the art to make and use the inventions recited in the claims. However, these examples are not intended to limit the scope of the claims, directly. Instead, the examples provide features and elements of the claims that, having been disclosed in these descriptions, claims and drawings, may be altered and combined in ways that are known in the art.