Method for Producing a Building Component, System for Producing a Building Component and Building Component

Abstract

A method produces a part of a building. The part of a building has at least one first region and one second region, which adjoins the first region. In the first region, an installation structure is concealed by building material. The method includes the following steps: a) dispensing building material to produce the first region and providing the building material with a marking substance before, at the same time as, and/or after the dispensing operation, and b) dispensing building material to produce the second region.

Claims

1.-16. (canceled)

17. A method for producing a part of a building, wherein the part of a building has at least one first region and one second region, which adjoins the first region, wherein, in the first region, an installation structure is concealed by building material, the method comprising the steps of: a) dispensing building material to produce the one region and providing the building material with a marking substance before, at the same time as, and/or after the dispensing operation; and b) dispensing building material to produce the other region.

18. The method as claimed in claim 17, wherein the marking substance is arranged spatially closer to a surface of the building material and/or of the part of a building than that of the installation structure.

19. The method as claimed in claim 17, wherein the marking substance is a ferromagnetic substance and/or a color.

20. The method as claimed in claim 18, wherein the installation structure is from a set of different types of installations, wherein the different types of installations are assigned different colors.

21. The method as claimed in claim 17, wherein the installation structure is a gas installation, a water installation, a heating installation, a cooling installation, an acclimate installation, a ventilation installation and/or an electrical installation.

22. The method as claimed in claim 17, wherein either step a) or step b) comprises: introducing the installation structure into the building material.

23. The method as claimed in claim 17, wherein the method comprises a 3D printing process, and wherein the 3D printing process comprises at least the dispensing of building material.

24. The method as claimed in claim 17, wherein step a) comprises: admixing a marking substance into the building material before the dispensing operation; and dispensing building material with the admixed marking substance.

25. A system for producing a part of a building, wherein the part of a building has at least one first region and one second region, which adjoins the first region, wherein, in the first region, an installation structure is concealed by building material, the system comprising: a controllable dispensing device, which is designed to dispense building material; a controllable marking device, which is designed to provide the building material with marking material before, at the same time as, and/or after the dispensing operation; and a control device that controls the dispensing device and the marking device, so as to: (a) dispense building material to produce the one region by way of the dispensing device and provide the building material with a marking substance before, at the same time as, and/or after the dispensing by way of the marking device; and (b) dispense building material to produce the other region by way of the dispensing device.

26. The system as claimed in claim 25, wherein the system further comprises: a controllable introducing device, which is designed to introduce the installation structure into the building material, wherein the control device is designed to control the introducing device such that either (a) or (b) comprises introducing the installation structure into the building material.

27. The system as claimed in claim 25, wherein the system further comprises: a controllable common movement device, wherein the common movement device is designed for common movement of the dispensing device and the marking device at the same time as the dispensing operation and the provision, wherein the control device is designed to control the common movement device.

28. The system as claimed in claim 25, wherein the system comprises a 3D printing system, and wherein the 3D printing system comprises at least the dispensing device.

29. The system as claimed in claim 25, wherein the marking device comprises at least one injection nozzle, and is designed to admix a marking substance into the building material before the dispensing operation, and the dispensing device is designed to dispense building material with the admixed marking substance.

30. The system as claimed in claim 25, wherein the system further comprises: a controllable building-material pump, which is designed to convey building material out of the dispensing device, wherein the control device is designed to control the building-material pump.

31. The system as claimed in claim 25, wherein the control device is designed to control the dispensing device, the marking device, an introducing device, a common movement device and/or a building material pump as a function of data of the part of a building that is to be produced.

32. A part of a building, comprising: at least one first region; and one second region, which adjoins the first region, wherein, in the first region, an installation structure is concealed by building material, wherein the one region comprises dispensed building material provided with a marking substance, and wherein the second region comprises dispensed building material.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Further advantages and aspects of the invention emerge from the claims and from the following description of preferred exemplary embodiments of the invention, which are explained below with reference to the figures.

[0036] FIG. 1 schematically shows a step b) of a method according to the invention for producing a part of a building according to the invention in a side view.

[0037] FIG. 2 schematically shows a step a) of the method according to the invention for producing the part of a building according to the invention in a side view.

[0038] FIG. 3 schematically shows a further step b) of the method according to the invention for producing the part of a building according to the invention in a side view.

[0039] FIG. 4 schematically shows a further step a) of the method according to the invention for producing the part of a building according to the invention in a side view.

[0040] FIG. 5 schematically shows further steps a) and b) of the method according to the invention for producing the part of a building according to the invention in a side view.

[0041] FIG. 6 schematically shows the part of a building according to the invention of FIG. 5 in a cross-sectional view.

[0042] FIG. 7 shows a perspective view of a system according to the invention for producing the part of a building according to the invention.

[0043] FIG. 8 shows a further perspective view of the system of FIG. 7.

[0044] FIG. 9 shows yet another perspective view of the system of FIG. 7 without an upper peripheral wall.

[0045] FIG. 10 shows a perspective view of the system of FIG. 7, an introducing device and a common movement device.

[0046] FIG. 11 shows a perspective view of the system of FIG. 7 and a building-material pump.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS

[0047] FIGS. 1 to 6 show a method for producing a part of a building BWT. The part of a building BWT has at least one first region B1 and one second region B2, which adjoins the first region, in particular after the production. In the first region B1, an installation structure IS is concealed by building material BS, in particular after the production. The method comprises the following steps: a) dispensing building material BS to produce the one region B1, in the exemplary embodiment shown the first region B1, and providing the building material BS with a marking substance MS, in the exemplary embodiment shown before the dispensing operation; b) dispensing building material to produce the other region B2, in the embodiment shown the second region B2.

[0048] FIGS. 7 to 11 show a system 20 for producing the part of a building BWT. The system 20 comprises a controllable dispensing device 1, a controllable marking device 51 and a control device 24. The controllable dispensing device 1 is designed to dispense building material BS. The controllable marking device 51 is designed to provide the building material BS with marking material MS, in the exemplary embodiment shown before the dispensing operation. The control device 24 is designed to control the dispensing device 1 and the marking device 51, in particular automatically, in such a way, in particular controls in such a way, that the step a) comprises dispensing building material BS to produce the one region B1 by means of the dispensing device 1 and providing the building material BS with a marking substance MS, in the exemplary embodiment shown before the dispensing operation, by means of the marking device 51, and step b) comprises dispensing building material BS to produce the other region B2 by means of the dispensing device 1.

[0049] In particular, the system 20 is designed to carry out, in particular carries out, the method described above.

[0050] FIGS. 5 and 6 show the part of a building BWT, which is produced in particular by means of the method and/or the system 20. The part of a building BWT has at least the first region B1 and the second region B2, which adjoins the first region. In the first region B1, the installation structure IS is concealed by building material BS. The one region B1, in the exemplary embodiment shown the first region B1, comprises dispensed building material BS, which is provided with a marking substance MS. The other region B2, in the embodiment shown the second region B2, comprises dispensed building material BS.

[0051] In detail, the marking substance MS is arranged spatially closer to a surface OF of the building material BS and/or of the part of a building BWT than the installation structure IS is, in particular in a direction y which is orthogonal in relation to the surface OF.

[0052] In the exemplary embodiment shown, the marking substance is arranged, in particular partially, on the surface OF.

[0053] Furthermore, in the exemplary embodiment shown, the marking substance MS is a ferromagnetic material MSM and a color MSF. In alternative exemplary embodiments, the marking substance may be, in particular either, a ferromagnetic material or a color.

[0054] In the exemplary embodiment shown, the building material BS is penetrated with color by the marking substance MS, in particular the color MSF, in particular in the one region B1.

[0055] In detail, the installation structure IS is out of a set of different types of installation ISG, ISW, ISH/ISK/ISC, ISL, ISE. The different types of installation ISG, ISW, ISH/ISK/ISC, ISL, ISE are assigned different colors MSFG, MSFW, MSFH/MSFK/MSFC, MSFL, MSFE.

[0056] In addition, the installation structure IS is a gas installation ISG, a water installation ISW, a heating, cooling and/or acclimate installation ISH/ISK/ISC, a ventilation installation ISL and/or an electrical installation ISE.

[0057] Furthermore, in the exemplary embodiment shown, step a) comprises: introducing the installation structure IS into the building material BS.

[0058] Moreover, the system 20 comprises a controllable introducing device 61, as shown in FIG. 10. The introducing device 61 is designed to introduce the installation structure IS into the building material BS. The control device 24 is designed to control the introducing device 61 in such a way, in particular controls the introducing device in such a way, that, in the exemplary embodiment shown, step a) comprises introducing the installation structure IS into the building material BS.

[0059] In the exemplary embodiment shown, the introducing device 61 comprises a controllable arm, in particular an electrically controllable arm, and/or a controllable hand, in particular an electrically controllable hand.

[0060] Furthermore, the system 20 has a controllable, common movement device 22, in particular a controllable, common movement arm, as shown in FIG. 10. The common movement device 22 is designed for the common, in particular at least translational, movement of the dispensing device 1 and the marking device 51, in particular at the same time as the dispensing operation and the provision, in particular commonly moves said dispensing device and marking device. The control device 24 is designed to control, in particular controls, the common movement device 22, in particular automatically.

[0061] In the exemplary embodiment shown, the common movement device 22 and/or the dispensing device 1 and/or the marking device 51 are/is additionally designed for the rotational movement, in particular common rotational movement, of the dispensing device 1 and the marking device 51, in particular at the same time as the dispensing operation and the provision, in particular rotate/rotates said dispensing device and marking device.

[0062] In detail, the common movement device 22 is designed for the common movement of the dispensing device 1 and the marking device 51 in a direction of movement−x, in particular a horizontal direction of movement. The dispensing device 1 is designed to dispense building material BS in a dispensing direction x that is non-orthogonal, in particular reversed, in particular opposite, in relation to the direction of movement−x, in particular at the same time as the common movement.

[0063] Additionally or alternatively, the system 20, in particular the dispensing device 1, is designed to dispense building material BS at a dispensing speed vx that can be set, in particular variably, in particular continuously. The common movement device 22 is designed for the common movement of the dispensing device 1 and the marking device 51 at a movement speed v−x which is equal, in particular approximately equal, to the dispensing speed vx, in particular at the same time as the dispensing operation.

[0064] In addition, the method comprises a 3D printing process, in particular an extrusion process. The 3D printing process comprises at least the dispensing of building material BS.

[0065] In the exemplary embodiment shown, the 3D printing process additionally comprises the providing of building material BS with a marking substance MS.

[0066] The system 20 also comprises a 3D printing system, in particular extrusion system, in particular is a 3D printing system, as shown in FIGS. 7 to 9. The system or 3D printing system 20 comprises at least the dispensing device 1.

[0067] In the exemplary embodiment shown, the system or 3D printing system 20 additionally comprises the marking device 51.

[0068] In detail, the dispensing device 1 is a printing device and/or extrusion device for extruding a strand ST of building material BS for 3D printing the part of a building BWT. The dispensing device or extrusion device 1 has an extruder nozzle 5. The extruder nozzle 5 has a dispensing opening 2, in particular a rectangular dispensing opening, for dispensing the strand ST of building material BS out of the extrusion device 1 in the dispensing direction x, which is in particular almost horizontal.

[0069] In particular, the extruder nozzle 5, in particular the dispensing opening 2, is tubular and/or closed at the periphery, in particular by at least one circumferential wall 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d, in particular in/counter to a first peripheral direction y, which is in particular orthogonal in relation to the dispensing direction x, and/or a second peripheral direction z, which is in particular orthogonal in relation to the dispensing direction x. Additionally or alternatively, the dispensing opening 2 has an opening width BO, in particular a maximum opening width, of a minimum of 100 mm, in particular a minimum of 200 mm, and/or a maximum of 800 mm, in particular a maximum of 600 mm, in the exemplary embodiment shown 400 mm, in particular in the first peripheral direction y. Further additionally or alternatively, the dispensing opening 2 has an opening height HO, in particular a maximum opening height, of a minimum of 15 mm, in particular a minimum of 25 mm, and/or a maximum of 400 mm, in particular a maximum of 200 mm, in particular a maximum of 100 mm, in the exemplary embodiment shown 50 mm, in particular in the second peripheral direction z.

[0070] In the exemplary embodiment shown, the system or 3D printing system 20, in particular the dispensing device or extrusion device 1, additionally comprises at least one specification element, in particular shape specification element, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 30a, 30b and at least one controllable, in particular electrically controllable, in particular electric setting device 213, 217a, 217b, 218a, 218b. The at least one specification element 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 30a, 30b has a variable, in particular continuously variable, settable, in particular movably settable, design for the variable, in particular continuously variable, settable specification, in particular shape specification, of at least a part 4A, 4I, in particular edge, of a strand cross section 4, in particular rectangular strand cross section, in particular a surface area of the strand cross section, of the strand ST of building material BS, in particular at the same time as the dispensing operation, in particular in/counter to the first peripheral direction y and/or the second peripheral direction z, in particular into at least two different settings. The at least one setting device 213, 217a, 217b, 218a, 218b is designed for the in particular variable setting, which is in particular automatic and/or continuous, of the at least one specification element 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 30a, 30b.

[0071] In detail, the extruder nozzle 5 comprises several peripheral walls 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d. The peripheral walls 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d peripherally define or delimit the dispensing opening 2. The at least one specification element comprises at least one of the peripheral walls 7a, 7b. The at least one peripheral wall 7a, 7b has a variably settable design for the variably settable definition and/or delimitation of an outer edge or outer part 35A of a flow cross section 35, in particular a shaping and/or rectangular flow cross section, of building material BS within the extruder nozzle 5 for the purpose of variably adjustably specifying an outer edge or outer part 4A of the strand cross section 4.

[0072] The at least one specification element further comprises at least one inner element 30a, 30b. The at least one inner element 30a, 30b has a variably settable design, in particular can be moved relative to the extruder nozzle 5, for variably settable, in particular complete, arrangement, within the extruder nozzle 5 for the purpose of variably settable definition or delimitation of an inner edge or inner part 351, in particular of at least one inner edge or inner part, of the flow cross section 35 of building material BS within the extruder nozzle 5 for the purpose of variably adjustable specification of an inner edge or inner part 4I, in particular at least one inner edge or inner part, of the strand cross section 4.

[0073] In particular, in a setting shown in FIG. 9, the at least one inner element 30a, 30b provides a division into two parts by means of an interruption 35U, 4U, in particular a rectangular interruption, in particular in a direction which is in particular horizontal, in particular in the first peripheral direction y, in particular of the flow cross section 35, and thus of the strand cross section 4, as shown in FIG. 6.

[0074] In addition, the at least one specification element comprises at least one cover element 8a, 8b, in particular rectangular cover element. The at least one cover element 8a, 8b has a variably settable design, in particular can be moved relative to the dispensing opening 2 or the extruder nozzle 5, for the variably settable covering of at least one part 2a of the dispensing opening 2 for the variably adjustable specification of at least one part or edge 4A, 4I, in particular the outer edge 4A and/or the inner edge 4I, of the strand cross section 4 by at least one uncovered part 2b of the dispensing opening 2, in particular an opening cross section 3 of the dispensing opening 2.

[0075] In particular, in a setting shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the at least one cover element 8a, 8b covers the part 2a, in particular inner and/or rectangular part, of the dispensing opening 2 in such a way that the opening cross section 3 is in particular rectangular and is divided in two parts by means of an interruption 3U, in particular a rectangular interruption, in particular in a direction which is in particular horizontal, in particular in the first peripheral direction y. Consequently, the opening cross section 3 divided in two parts, in particular rectangular opening cross section divided in two parts, having the interruption 3U, in particular rectangular interruption, thus specifies the strand cross section 4 divided in two parts, in particular rectangular strand cross section divided in two parts, having an interruption 4U, in particular rectangular interruption, of the strand ST, in particular dispensed strand, of building material BS, as shown in FIG. 6.

[0076] Furthermore, the at least one cover element 8, 8a, 8b has a variably settable design for severing, in particular for cutting off, the strand ST, in particular dispensed strand, of building material BS from the dispensing device or extrusion device 1, in particular from the extruder nozzle 5, in particular at the dispensing opening 2.

[0077] Moreover, the system or 3D printing system or extrusion system 20, in particular the dispensing device or extrusion device 1, is designed for depositing the strand ST, in particular dispensed strand, in such a way that the strand ST, in particular deposited strand, maintains its strand cross section 4, in particular of the dispensed strand ST. In other words: the system or 3D printing system or extrusion system, in particular the dispensing device or extrusion device, does not need to be designed, or it is possible not to design it, in such a way that the building material needs to or can be pressed onto an already existing building-material layer and thus deformed.

[0078] Furthermore, the strand ST may be deposited, in particular in layers, on an already dispensed or printed or extruded strand ST and/or a further strand ST may be deposited on the strand ST, in particular in layers, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 6.

[0079] In addition, step a) comprises: admixing, in particular injecting, a marking substance MS into the building material BS before the dispensing operation, and dispensing building material BS with the admixed marking substance MS, in particular injected marking substance.

[0080] The marking device 51, in particular having at least one injection nozzle 52, in particular controllable injection nozzle, in the exemplary embodiment shown ten injection nozzles 52, is also designed to admix, in particular inject, a marking substance MS into the building material BS before the dispensing operation. The dispensing device or extrusion device 1 is designed to dispense building material BS with the admixed marking substance MS, in particular injected marking substance.

[0081] In the exemplary embodiment shown, the at least one injection nozzle 52 is at least one clocked high-pressure nozzle with a pressure of greater than 10 bar, in particular greater than 100 bar. Additionally or alternatively, the marking device 51, in particular the at least one injection nozzle 52, is arranged in the second peripheral direction z above the extruder nozzle 5 or the peripheral wall 7d and/or counter to the dispensing direction −x downstream of the extruder nozzle 5. In particular, the marking device 51, in particular the at least one injection nozzle 52, is arranged a maximum of 1000 mm, in particular a maximum of 800 mm, in particular a maximum of 600 mm, and/or a minimum of 100 mm, in particular a minimum of 200 mm, in particular a minimum of 400 mm, upstream of the dispensing opening 2. This, in particular the arrangement, makes it possible to have as little building material provided with a marking substance as possible in the dispensing device or extrusion device 1.

[0082] Moreover, the system 20 has a controllable building-material pump 23, as shown in FIG. 11. The building-material pump 23 is designed to convey building material BS out of the dispensing device 1. The control device 24 is designed to control the building-material pump 23, in particular automatically.

[0083] In the exemplary embodiment shown, the building-material pump 23 is discontinuous, in particular a piston pump. Additionally or alternatively, the system 20 has a building-material conveying line 27, wherein the building-material conveying line 27 connects the building-material pump 23 to the dispensing device 1 for a stream of building material BS from the building-material pump 23 through the building-material conveying line 27 to the dispensing device 1.

[0084] Furthermore, the control device 24 is designed to control the dispensing device 1, in particular the at least one setting device 213, 217a, 217b, 218a, 218b, the marking device 51, in particular the at least one injection nozzle 52, the introducing device 61, the common movement device 22 and/or the building-material pump 23, in particular automatically, as a function of data DBWT of the part of a building BWT that is to be produced.

[0085] In the exemplary embodiment shown, the part of a building BWT, in particular the part of a building that is produced, has five first regions B1, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 6. In alternative exemplary embodiments, the part of a building may have only a single first region or two, three, four or at least six first regions. In addition, in the exemplary embodiment shown, the part of a building BWT, in particular the part of a building that is produced, has six second regions B2. In alternative exemplary embodiments, the part of a building may have only a single second region or two, three, four, five or at least seven second regions.

[0086] In detail, at the beginning, in particular in terms of time, of the production of the part of a building BWT, in step b) building material BS is dispensed to produce the other region B2, in particular the second region, as shown in FIG. 1.

[0087] After this, in step a), building material BS is dispensed to produce the one region B1, in particular the first region, the building material BS is provided with a marking substance MS and the installation structure IS is introduced into the building material BS, as shown in FIG. 2. In particular, the installation structure IS is a water installation ISW and the water installation ISW is assigned the color MFSW, in particular blue, shown shaded from top left to bottom right in FIGS. 2 to 6. Additionally or alternatively, the building material BS, in particular in the first region B1, is or has been provided with the color MFSW in such a way that the building material BS and/or the part of a building BWT, in particular its surface OF, has a color gradient, in particular of increasing intensity, in a vertical direction z of the installation structure ISW, shown in FIGS. 2 to 6 by way of weaker and stronger shading.

[0088] Subsequently, in step b), building material BS is dispensed to produce the other region B2, in particular the second region, as shown in FIG. 3.

[0089] After this, in step a), building material BS is dispensed to produce the one region B1, in particular the first region, the building material BS is provided with a marking substance MS and the installation structure IS is introduced into the building material BS, as shown in FIG. 4. In particular, the installation structure IS is a gas installation ISG and the gas installation ISG is assigned the color MFSG, in particular yellow, shown shaded from top right to bottom left in FIGS. 4 to 6.

[0090] After this, in steps b), building material BS is dispensed to produce the other regions B2, in particular the second regions, and in steps a) building material BS is dispensed to produce the one region B1, in particular the first region, the building material BS is provided with a marking substance MS and the installation structures IS are introduced into the building material BS, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6.

[0091] In particular, the installation structures IS are an electrical installation ISE, a heating, cooling and/or acclimate installation ISH/ISK/ISC and/or a ventilation installation ISL. The electrical installation ISE is assigned the color MFSE, in particular purple, shown shaded from right to left in FIGS. 5 and 6. The heating, cooling and/or acclimate installation ISH/ISK/ISC is assigned the color MFSH/MSFK/MSFC, in particular red, shown shaded from top to bottom in FIGS. 5 and 6. Additionally or alternatively, the building material BS, in particular in the first region B1, is or has been provided with the color MFSH/MSFK/MSFC in such a way that the building material BS and/or the part of a building BWT, in particular its surface OF, has a color gradient, in particular of increasing intensity, in the vertical and horizontal directions z, y of the installation structure ISH/ISK/ISC, shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 by weaker and stronger shading. The ventilation installation ISL is assigned the color MFSL, in particular green, shown in dotted shading in FIGS. 5 and 6.

[0092] As is made clear by the exemplary embodiments shown and explained above, the invention provides an advantageous method for producing a part of a building, an advantageous system for producing a part of a building, and an advantageous part of a building which, in particular in each case, has improved properties.