Heat-Shrinkable Tube Having Tearable Properties

Abstract

The disclosure provides a tube which is rarely broken and is stable during the process of the production of a heat-shrinkable tube having tearability in a length direction. The tube includes a melt-processable fluororesin and when the strain of the tube is defined as ε, the stress at the strain is defined as σ (MPa) and the strain ε is put on the horizontal axis and the stress σ is put on the longitudinal axis on a coordinate graph, each of a straight line ab and a straight line cd which are defined by four coordinate points a (0.4,8.8), b(0.4,2.4), c(1.0,9.9) and d(1.0,3.2) on the graph intersects with a mechanical property curve of the tube which is obtained by carrying out a tensile test under the conditions of an ambient temperature of 60° C., an initial chuck-to-chuck distance of 22±0.05 mm and a tensile speed of 5 mm/sec.

Claims

1. A heat-shrinkable tube having tearability comprising at least a melt-processable fluororesin, wherein a strain of the tube is represented as ε, a stress at the strain is represented as σ (MPa), a horizontal axis on a coordinate graph is a strain ε, a vertical axis thereon is a stress σ, and each of a straight line ab and a straight line cd defined by four coordinate points on the graph, a (0.4, 8.8), b (0.4, 2.4), c (1.0, 9.9), and d (1.0, 3.2), intersects a mechanical property curve of the tube obtained through a measurement method comprising, a tensile test being performed under conditions of an ambient temperature of 60° C., an initial chuck-to-chuck distance of 22±0.05 mm, and a tensile speed of 5 mm/sec.

2. The heat-shrinkable tube having tearability according to claim 1, wherein the fluororesin comprises at least a resin comprising at least three monomers of tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene, and vinylidene fluoride as constituent monomers.

3. The heat-shrinkable tube having tearability according to claim 2, wherein the resin comprising at least three monomers of tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene, and vinylidene fluoride as constituent monomers is contained in an amount of 25 wt % to 95 wt %.

4. The heat-shrinkable tube having tearability according to claim 2, wherein the resin comprising at least three monomers of tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene, and vinylidene fluoride as constituent monomers is a copolymer comprising 15 wt % to 25 wt % of vinylidene fluoride.

5. The heat-shrinkable tube having tearability according to claim 1, comprising a plurality of fluororesins, wherein a maximum difference in refractive index (ASTM D542) between the plurality of fluororesins is 0.05 or less.

6. A heat-shrinkable tube having tearability comprising at least a melt-processable fluororesin, wherein a strain of the tube is represented as ε, a stress at the strain is represented as σ (MPa), a horizontal axis on a coordinate graph is a strain ε, a vertical axis thereon is a stress σ, and each of a straight line a′b and a straight line c′d defined by four coordinate points on the graph, a′(0.4, 7.6), b (0.4, 2.4), c′(1.0, 8.9), and d (1.0, 3.2), intersects a mechanical property curve of the tube obtained through a measurement method comprising, a tensile test being performed under conditions of an ambient temperature of 60° C., an initial chuck-to-chuck distance of 22±0.05 mm, and a tensile speed of 5 mm/sec.

7. The heat-shrinkable tube having tearability according to claim 6, wherein the fluororesin comprises at least a resin comprising at least three monomers of tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene, and vinylidene fluoride as constituent monomers.

8. The heat-shrinkable tube having tearability according to claim 7, wherein the resin comprising at least three monomers of tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene, and vinylidene fluoride as constituent monomers is contained in an amount of 25 wt % to 95 wt %.

9. The heat-shrinkable tube having tearability according to claim 7, wherein the resin comprising at least three monomers of tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene, and vinylidene fluoride as constituent monomers is a copolymer comprising 15 wt % to 25 wt % of vinylidene fluoride.

10. The heat-shrinkable tube having tearability according to claim 6, comprising a plurality of fluororesins, wherein a maximum difference in refractive index (ASTM D542) between the plurality of fluororesins is 0.05 or less.

11. A heat-shrinkable tube having tearability comprising at least a melt-processable fluororesin, wherein a strain of the tube is represented as ε, a stress at the strain is represented as σ (MPa), a horizontal axis on a coordinate graph is a strain ε, a vertical axis thereon is a stress σ, and in a mechanical property curve of the tube obtained through a measurement method comprising a tensile test being performed under conditions of an ambient temperature of 60° C., an initial chuck-to-chuck distance of 22±0.05 mm, and a tensile speed of 5 mm/sec., wherein the stress σ at the strain ε of 1.0 is 3.2 MPa or more, and when a coordinate point at the strain ε of 1.0 on the mechanical property curve is represented as e and a coordinate point at the strain ε of 2.0 on the mechanical property curve is represented as f, a slope of a straight line passing through the coordinate point e and the coordinate point f is 2.4 to 3.0 Mpa.

12. The heat-shrinkable tube having tearability according to claim 11, wherein the fluororesin comprises at least a resin comprising at least three monomers of tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene, and vinylidene fluoride as constituent monomers.

13. The heat-shrinkable tube having tearability according to claim 12, wherein the resin comprising at least three monomers of tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene, and vinylidene fluoride as constituent monomers is contained in an amount of 25 wt % to 95 wt %.

14. The heat-shrinkable tube having tearability according to claim 12, wherein the resin comprising at least three monomers of tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene, and vinylidene fluoride as constituent monomers is a copolymer comprising 15 wt % to 25 wt % of vinylidene fluoride.

15. The heat-shrinkable tube having tearability according to claim 11, comprising a plurality of fluororesins, wherein a maximum difference in refractive index (ASTM D542) between the plurality of fluororesins is 0.05 or less.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] FIG. 1 illustrates the tearability of a tube of the present disclosure; and

[0017] FIG. 2 illustrates an example of the mechanical property curve of each of a conventional tube and the tube of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present disclosure will be described in detail. The embodiments described below are merely set forth to illustrate the present disclosure, and are not to be construed as limiting the disclosure, which is to be understood based on the claims. Moreover, the combination of features described in the embodiments is not always essential for the establishment of the present disclosure.

[0019] As illustrated in FIG. 1, the tube of the present disclosure is capable of being easily torn in the longitudinal direction thereof, and may be torn from one end of the tube to the opposite end of the tube. The tube may be notched as needed.

[0020] The tube of the present disclosure is also heat-shrinkable. In order to impart heat shrinkability to the tube, the tube may be processed through a general method. For example, the following method may be used.

[0021] A fluororesin that is melt-processable is used as a material for the tube of the present disclosure. Here, a plurality of resins may be used, and the mechanical properties of the tube of the present disclosure may be adjusted. Examples of the fluororesin that is commonly used include THV, tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (FEP), tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether (PFA), ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE), ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (EFEP), polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE), and the like. The mixing of fluororesin materials may be performed by blending pellets using a tumbler or the like, but is more preferably carried out by forming pellets after melt-kneading using a twin-screw extruder. As such, a resin such as PTFE, which does not melt at high temperatures, may be added as an additive. Moreover, components that act as a compatibilizer in order to promote the dispersion of the resin, or additives that have other functions, such as crystallinity, adjustment of tube flexibility or tube hardness, improvement of mechanical properties, and the like, may also be added.

[0022] The resin prepared above is melt-extruded into a tube shape using a single-screw extruder, and the tube thus obtained is a tube (hereinafter referred to as an original tube) which is a material for a heat-shrinkable tube.

[0023] While the original tube is heated to a temperature equal to or higher than the glass transition temperature of the resin constituting the original tube, pressurized gas is injected therein, and the tube is pressurized from the inside to expand in the radial direction thereof. The tube is cooled while maintaining the pressurized state to obtain a heat-shrinkable tube.

[0024] Bursting that occurs in the conventional process of manufacturing a heat-shrinkable tube having tearability, which is to be solved in the present disclosure, takes place mainly when the tube is pressurized from the inside through heating in the process of expanding the original tube in the above-described manufacturing process.

[0025] FIG. 2 illustrates an example of the mechanical property curve of the tube on a graph, in which the strain ε of the tube is plotted on the horizontal axis and the stress σ (MPa) at the strain is plotted on the vertical axis. The curves A and B are preferred examples of the mechanical property curve of the heat-shrinkable tube having tearability according to the present disclosure. The curve A and the curve B intersect each of the straight line ab and the straight line cd, defined by four coordinate points. The curve B also intersects each of the straight lines a′b and c′d. In the heat-shrinkable tube having tearability according to the present disclosure with the mechanical properties represented by the curves A and B, the mechanical property curve intersects each of the straight line ab and the straight line cd, and it is difficult to cause bursting in the process of expanding the original tube. Moreover, when the mechanical property curve intersects each of the straight lines a′b and c′d, the tube is less likely to burst even when it is expanded instantaneously in the process of expanding the original tube, thus making it easy to obtain a reliable tube.

[0026] The heat-shrinkable tube having tearability according to the present disclosure preferably includes a plurality of fluororesins, and the maximum difference in refractive index (ASTM D542) between the plurality of fluororesins is preferably 0.05 or less. Here, the refractive index that is used is a measured value according to ASTM D542. The refractive index of the resin is related to the molecular structure of the resin. Fluororesins having similar refractive indexes have similar molecular structures, and when resins are blended, adhesion between resins may be obtained at the interface of the dispersed resins, which is more preferable.

[0027] In the heat-shrinkable tube having tearability according to the present disclosure, the stress σ at the strain ε of 1.0 on the mechanical property curve of the tube is 3.2 MPa or more, and when the coordinate point at the strain ε of 1.0 on the mechanical property curve is represented as e and the coordinate point at the strain ε of 2.0 on the mechanical property curve is represented as f, the slope of a straight line passing through the coordinate point e and the coordinate point f is preferably 2.4 to 3.0 MPa. Here, in the process of expanding the original tube, the tube is less likely to burst, making it easy to obtain a reliable tube.

[0028] The disclosure will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples.

[0029] A measurement sample of the tube was manufactured through the following method.

[0030] Manufacture of measurement sample: a tube was sandwiched between polyimide films having a smooth surface and melt-pressed using a hot press to obtain a film having a thickness of 0.10 to 0.12 mm. A specific embodiment of film production is described below. The tubes cut depending on the size of the film to be produced were arranged, sandwiched between polyimide films having a smooth surface, heated to a temperature 20° C. to 50° C. higher than the melting point of the fluororesin having the highest melting point among the plurality of fluororesins constituting the tube using a hot press, and primarily melt-pressed to obtain a preformed film having a thickness of about 0.2 mm. The preformed film thus obtained was divided radially into four from the center of the film, the quartered films were stacked while changing the direction of the film, sandwiched again between the polyimide films having a smooth surface, heated to a temperature 20° C. to 50° C. higher than the melting point of the fluororesin having the highest melting point among the plurality of fluororesins constituting the tube using a hot press, and secondarily melt-pressed to obtain a film having a thickness of 0.1 to 0.12 mm. The film thus obtained was allowed to stand at room temperature until the next day, and was then punched in a dumbbell shape according to ASTM D1708 to prepare a measurement sample.

[0031] A tensile test was performed on the tube measurement sample using a tensile tester. The measurement was performed under the conditions of a measurement temperature of 60° C., an initial chuck-to-chuck distance of 22 mm±0.05 mm, and a tensile speed of 5 mm/sec. The other conditions were in accordance with ASTM D1708. The measured strain was calculated based on the following Equation 1. Also, the strain of the tube is represented as ε, the stress at the strain is represented as σ (MPa), the horizontal axis on the coordinate graph is the strain ε, and the vertical axis thereon is the stress σ, whereby the mechanical property curve of the tube is created.

[00001]$\mathrm{Strain}\mathrm{.Math.}=\frac{\mathrm{increase}\mathrm{in}\mathrm{chuck}\text{-}\mathrm{to}\text{-}\mathrm{chuck}\mathrm{distance}}{\mathrm{initial}\mathrm{chuck}\text{-}\mathrm{to}\text{-}\mathrm{chuck}\mathrm{distance}}$

[0032] In each of Examples and Comparative Examples, resins including components at the following mixing ratios were prepared.

Example 1

[0033] THV (containing about 17 wt % of VDF): 80 wt %

[0034] FEP (FEP 130-J manufactured by Chemours-Mitsui Fluoroproducts Co. Ltd.): 20 wt %

Example 2

[0035] THV (containing about 20 wt % of VDF): 75 wt %

[0036] FEP (FEP NP-3180 manufactured by Daikin Industries, Ltd.): 25 wt %

Example 3

[0037] THV (containing about 22 wt % of VDF): 50 wt %

[0038] PFA (PFA AP-202 manufactured by Daikin Industries, Ltd.): 50 wt %

Example 4

[0039] THV (containing about 20 wt % of VDF): 25 wt %

[0040] FEP (FEP 9494X manufactured by Chemours-Mitsui Fluoroproducts Co. Ltd.): 75 wt %

Example 5

[0041] THV (containing about 22 wt % of VDF): 90 wt %

[0042] PFA (PFA 420HP-J manufactured by Chemours-Mitsui Fluoroproducts Co. Ltd.): 10 wt %

Example 6

[0043] THV (containing about 20 wt % of VDF): 60 wt %

[0044] THV (containing about 17 wt % of VDF): 20 wt %

[0045] FEP (FEP 130-J manufactured by Chemours-Mitsui Fluoroproducts Co. Ltd.): 20 wt %

Example 7

[0046] THV (containing about 20 wt % of VDF): 90 wt %

[0047] ETFE (ETFE C88AX-P manufactured by Asahi Glass Co. Ltd.): 10 wt %

[0048] The materials prepared at the mixing ratios of Examples and Comparative Examples were sufficiently stirred using a tumbler and pelletized using a twin-screw extruder having a cylinder diameter of 20 mm.

[0049] The material pellets prepared in each of Examples and Comparative Examples were formed into a tube using a single-screw extruder having a cylinder diameter of 20 mm, and the tube thus obtained was used as an original tube for a heat-shrinkable tube.

[0050] The original tube was expanded in the radial direction by injecting pressurized nitrogen into the tube while performing heating from outside the tube to pressurize the inside of the tube. The tube was cooled while maintaining the internal pressure of the tube to obtain a heat-shrinkable tube.

[0051] The original tube was expanded by injecting pressurized nitrogen into the tube while performing heating from outside the tube to pressurize the inside of the tube and then by performing pressurization instantaneously until the inner diameter of the tube was expanded more than 300% of the original diameter thereof. Here, the burst probability of the tube is shown in Table 1 below. When the burst probability upon expansion under the present conditions is about 20%, it is regarded as the numerical value at which the product may be produced stably in the expansion process during manufacture of a product, and when the burst probability is as low as 10%, the tube is less likely to burst, making it easy to obtain a more reliable tube.

[0052] The results of measurement for Examples and Comparative Examples are shown in Table 1 below.

TABLE-US-00001 Example Example Example Example Example Example Example 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Stress at strain ε Mpa 8.02 6.21 4.94 7.35 3.37 6.68 5.69 of 0.4 on mechanical property curve Stress at strain ε Mpa 9.35 7.34 5.77 8.39 4.40 7.84 6.87 of 1.0 on mechanical property curve Resin 1 Refractive 1.35 1.35 1.36 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.36 index Resin 2 Refractive 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.35 1.42 index Resin 3 Refractive 1.34 index Maximum 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.06 refractive index difference Burst probability % 8.4 3.2 5.8 6.5 6.7 5.1 7.9

[0053] In all of the tubes of Examples 1 to 7, the mechanical property curve intersected each of the straight line ab and the straight line cd, and in the expansion test of the original tube, the burst probability was low and stable expansion was possible. In particular, Examples 1 to 6 were made of fluororesin having a maximum refractive index difference of 0.05 or less between resins, and could be stably expanded even when the tube was expanded instantaneously because the internal pressure of the tube at the time of expansion was set high.

Example 8

[0054] Tubes were manufactured using THV (containing about 17 wt % of VDF, refractive index: 1.35) or THV (containing about 20 wt % of VDF, refractive index: 1.35) as THV and FEP 130-J or FEP 9494X as FEP at various mixing ratios. The materials thus prepared were sufficiently stirred using a tumbler and pelletized using a twin-screw extruder having a cylinder diameter of 20 mm. The material pellets thus obtained were extruded to DDRB-9 using a single-screw extruder having a cylinder diameter of 20 mm to prepare original tubes, which were then manufactured into heat-shrinkable tubes through the above method. In each of the tubes thus obtained, the stress σ at the strain ε of 1.0 on the mechanical property curve of the tube was 3.2 MPa or more, and the slope of a straight line passing through the coordinate point e at the strain ε of 1.0 and the coordinate point fat the strain ε of 2.0 fell in the range of 2.4 to 3.0 MPa. Moreover, based on the result of an expansion test, the burst probability was 20% or lower.

[0055] In a heat-shrinkable tube having tearability according to the present disclosure, the tube is less likely to burst in the process of imparting heat-shrinkability to an original tube, making it easy to obtain a reliable tube. The tube of the present disclosure is useful as a medical-device introduction tube for introducing a catheter, a guide wire, etc. into the body, a jig used for manufacturing a catheter, and a tube for protecting precision devices, electronic parts, and the like.