BREECH SYSTEM AND BARRELLED WEAPON

Abstract

A breech system having a weapon barrel which is mounted in a cradle such that it can be moved from a rest position to a recoil position, said breech system comprising a base piece, comprising a breech wedge which can be moved between a closed and open position, a breech mechanism which is attached to the base piece and a guide piece which is fixed to the cradle and has a guide element, wherein the guide element has an actuating element for actuating the breech mechanism, wherein the breech mechanism has a lever mechanism that can be actuated by the actuating element, wherein the breech mechanism has a locking lever which is coupled to the lever mechanism, and wherein the breech wedge can be locked in the open position by the locking lever.

Claims

1. A breech system for a weapon barrel that is mounted in a cradle such that it is movable from a rest position to a recoil position, the breech system comprising: a base piece comprising a breech wedge movable between a closed and open position; a breech mechanism attached to the base piece; and a guide piece fixed to the cradle and that has a guide element, the guide element has an actuating element for actuating the breech mechanism, wherein the breech mechanism has a lever mechanism that is adapted to be actuated by the actuating element, wherein the breech mechanism has a locking lever coupled to the lever mechanism, and wherein the breech wedge is adapted to be locked in the open position by the locking lever.

2. The breech system according to claim 1, wherein the breech mechanism has a detent pawl which interacts with the locking lever and is adapted to be unlocked by the locking lever via an unlocking mechanism coupled to the detent pawl.

3. The breech system according to claim 2, wherein the unlocking mechanism is connected to an unlocking cam disposed in the base piece opening.

4. The breech system according to claim 1, wherein the lever mechanism comprises a folding lever, wherein the lever mechanism is adapted to be actuated in an actuation direction by the actuating element and the folding lever is adapted to be folded away in a direction opposite to the actuation direction.

5. The breech system according to claim 1, wherein the base piece comprises a bearing in which the guide piece, fixed to the cradle, is mounted so as to be axially movable.

6. The breech system according to claim 1, wherein the breech mechanism has a toothed rack and the lever mechanism comprises a toggle lever, wherein the toggle lever comprises a coupler, a lever, and a toggle joint, wherein a first end of the lever is coupled to the toothed rack and a second end of the lever is coupled to the locking lever via the toggle joint of the toggle lever.

7. The breech system according to claim 6, wherein the breech mechanism has an opener shaft with a gear wheel, wherein the gear wheel is in engagement with the toothed rack.

8. The breech system according to claim 7, wherein the opener shaft has an opener lever which interacts with breech wedge such that breech wedge is adapted to be moved between a closed and open position by the opening lever.

9. The breech system according to claim 8, wherein the actuating element is designed such that it interacts with the lever mechanism when the barrelled weapon advances such that the breech wedge is adapted to be moved between the closed and open position by it, in particular in operative interaction with at least the toothed rack, the gear wheel, the opener shaft, and the opener lever.

10. The breech system according to claim 6, wherein the toothed rack is connected to a wedge closing spring, which is disposed in the toothed rack and via which the breech wedge is adapted to be pretensioned in the open position in a direction of its closed position.

11. The breech system according to claim 1, wherein the breech system has a drive, in particular a linear drive, which is set up to realize an axial movement of the actuating element in its position relative to lever mechanism.

12. The breech system according to claim 1, wherein the guide element is designed as a guide carriage that is attached axially movable to the guide element, wherein the guide carriage is mounted to be axially movable along guide piece.

13. The breech system according to claim 1, wherein the guide element is designed as a guide profile with the actuating element, wherein the guide profile is movably mounted directly on the base piece.

14. A barrelled weapon comprising a cradle and a weapon barrel, mounted movable in the cradle such that it is movable from a rest position to a recoil position, and comprising at least one breech system according to claim 1.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] The present invention will become more fully understood from the detailed description given hereinbelow and the accompanying drawings which are given by way of illustration only, and thus, are not limitive of the present invention, and wherein:

[0057] FIG. 1 shows a schematic perspective view of a barrelled weapon with a breech system of the invention;

[0058] FIG. 2 shows a schematic perspective view of the breech mechanism of the breech system of the invention;

[0059] FIG. 3 shows a further schematic perspective view of the breech mechanism of the breech system of the invention;

[0060] FIG. 4 shows a schematic sectional view of the breech mechanism of the breech system of the invention;

[0061] FIG. 5 shows a further schematic sectional view of the breech mechanism of the breech system of the invention;

[0062] FIG. 6 shows a further schematic perspective view of the breech mechanism of the breech system of the invention;

[0063] FIG. 7 shows a further schematic sectional view of the breech mechanism of the breech system of the invention;

[0064] FIG. 8 shows a further schematic perspective view of the breech mechanism of the breech system of the invention;

[0065] FIG. 9 shows a further schematic sectional view of the breech mechanism of the breech system of the invention;

[0066] FIG. 10a shows a schematic perspective view of the base piece opening with the breech wedge in the open position;

[0067] FIG. 10b shows a further schematic perspective view of the base piece opening with the breech wedge in the open position;

[0068] FIG. 11a shows a schematic side view of the bottom side of the base piece, wherein the breech wedge is in the closed position;

[0069] FIG. 11b shows schematic side view of the bottom side of the base piece, wherein the breech wedge is in the open position;

[0070] FIG. 12 shows a schematic diagram of the angle of the opener lever and the angle of the ejector lever with regard to the forward motion;

[0071] FIG. 13 shows a schematic perspective view of the breech mechanism of the breech system of the invention according to a second embodiment; and

[0072] FIG. 14 shows a further schematic perspective view of the breech mechanism of the breech system of the invention according to a second embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0073] FIG. 1 shows a schematic perspective view of a barrelled weapon 1 with a breech system 10 of the invention according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0074] In addition to breech system 10, barrelled weapon 1 comprises a cradle 40 and a weapon barrel 20 which is movably mounted in cradle 40. Weapon barrel 20 is mounted in cradle 40 so as to be movable between a rest position and a recoil position. Breech system 10, which has a base piece 12, is disposed at the end of weapon barrel 20. Muzzle brakes 30 and recuperators are formed between base piece 12 and cradle 40.

[0075] Breech system 10 is thus provided for weapon barrel 20 which is mounted in cradle 40 so as to be movable from a rest position to a recoil position.

[0076] Breech system 10 comprises base piece 12, comprising a breech wedge 14 that can be moved between a closed and open position, a breech mechanism 100 attached to base piece 12, and a guide piece 105 which is fixed to the cradle and has a guide element 110.

[0077] As can be seen clearly in FIG. 8 and is described in detail below, guide element 110 has an actuating element 114 for actuating breech mechanism 100. Breech mechanism 100 further comprises a lever mechanism 150 that can be actuated by actuating element 114. Further, breech mechanism 100 comprises a locking lever 161 coupled to lever mechanism 150, wherein breech wedge 14 can be locked in the open position by locking lever 161.

[0078] FIG. 2 shows a further enlarged schematic perspective view of breech mechanism 100 of breech system 10 of the invention according to the first embodiment. Base piece 12 comprises a bearing 16 in which guide piece 105, fixed to the cradle, is mounted so as to be axially movable.

[0079] Breech system 10 has a drive 130, which is designed in particular as a linear drive. Drive 130 is set up to realize an axial movement of actuating element 114 in its position relative to lever mechanism 150.

[0080] According to the first embodiment, guide element 110 is designed as a guide carriage 110 that is attached axially movable to guide element 110. Guide carriage 110 is mounted so as to be axially movable along guide piece 105.

[0081] FIG. 3 shows a further schematic perspective view of breech mechanism 100 of breech system 10 of the invention according to the first embodiment, wherein FIG. 3 shows the bottom side of breech system 10.

[0082] Breech mechanism 100 has an opener shaft 120 with a gear wheel 122, wherein gear wheel 122 is in engagement with a toothed rack 140 of breech mechanism 100. Opener shaft 120 is attached to the bottom side of base piece 12 via bearings 124 and has an opener lever 126. Opener shaft 120 can be driven via the gear wheel.

[0083] Opener shaft 120 has an opener lever 126 which interacts with breech wedge 14 such that breech wedge 14 can be moved between a closed and open position by opening lever 126. For this purpose, opener lever 126 is connected nonrotatably to opener shaft 120. In this case, FIG. 3 shows breech wedge 14 in the closed position. For opening, breech wedge 14 is brought downward from this closed position into its open position.

[0084] Toothed rack 140 is connected to a wedge closing spring 142 disposed in toothed rack 140. In the open position, breech wedge 14 can be pretensioned from the open position in the direction of its closed position by wedge closing spring 142.

[0085] Breech system 10 further has an ejector system 200 for extracting cartridge cases or cartridge bases from breech system 10. Ejector system 200 includes at least one ejector 232 and at least one ejector lever 234 that actuates ejector 232.

[0086] Ejector lever 234 is rotatably mounted on opener shaft 120 and ejector system 200 has at least one transmission element 240 which transmits a rotational movement of opener lever 126 to ejector lever 234.

[0087] Transmission element 240 is mounted on a first axle 243 which is spaced apart from opener shaft 120. First axle 243 is attached to the bottom side of base piece 12 with corresponding bearings, which support axle 243.

[0088] At least one first contact roller for contact with opener lever 126 is disposed at one end 241a of transmission element 240. Further, at least one second contact roller 244 is disposed at first end 241a of transmission element 240 for contact with the at least one ejector lever 234.

[0089] The at least one first contact roller and the at least one second contact roller 244 are disposed on a common second axle 246.

[0090] Ejector system 230 has at least one pretensioning element 250 that pretensions transmission element 240 with respect to the at least one ejector lever 234. According to the embodiment, pretensioning element 250 is a spring disposed at a second end 241b of transmission element 240.

[0091] Transmission element 240 is formed in the shape of a lever. The first end 241a has two fork-like projections on which axle 246 is disposed. The second end 241b is disposed on the opposite side of transmission element 240 and is angled away from first end 241a.

[0092] It can be seen in the figures that two ejector levers 234 are formed, for each of which a second contact roller 244 is formed.

[0093] FIG. 4 shows a schematic sectional view of breech mechanism 100 of breech system 10 of the invention according to the first embodiment. According to FIG. 4, it can be seen that breech mechanism 100 has a toothed rack 140 and lever mechanism 150 comprises a toggle lever 151.

[0094] Toggle lever 151 has a coupler 152 and a lever 154. One end of lever 154 is coupled to toothed rack 140 and one end of lever 154 is coupled to locking lever 161 via a toggle joint 153 of toggle lever 151, as can be seen from FIGS. 4 to 6, for example.

[0095] FIG. 5 shows a further schematic sectional view of breech mechanism 100 of the breech system 10 of the invention according to the first embodiment.

[0096] Breech mechanism 100 has a detent pawl 160 that interacts with locking lever 161. Detent pawl 160 can be unlocked by locking lever 161 via an unlocking mechanism 162 coupled to detent pawl 160.

[0097] FIG. 6 shows a further schematic perspective view of breech mechanism 100 of breech system 10 of the invention according to the first embodiment. It can be seen from FIG. 6 that lever mechanism 150 comprises a folding lever 156. Lever mechanism 150 can be actuated by actuating element 114 via folding lever 156 in an actuation direction. Folding lever 156 can be folded away in a direction opposite to the actuation direction.

[0098] It is shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 that actuating element 114 is designed such that it interacts with lever mechanism 150 when barrelled weapon 1 advances such that breech wedge 14 can be moved between the closed and open position by it, in particular in operative connection with at least toothed rack 140, gear wheel 122, opener shaft 122, and opener lever 126.

[0099] FIG. 7 shows a further schematic sectional view of breech mechanism 100 of breech system 10 of the invention according to the first embodiment.

[0100] FIG. 8 shows a further schematic perspective view of breech mechanism 100 of breech system 10 of the invention according to the first embodiment.

[0101] FIG. 9 shows further a schematic sectional view of the breech mechanism of breech system 10 of the invention according to the first embodiment, wherein the part of base piece 12 is shown in section, said part which connects detent pawl 160 by unlocking mechanism 162 and a connecting element 164 to the rear region of base piece 12 in which base piece opening 13 is located.

[0102] FIGS. 10a and 10b each show a schematic perspective view of base piece opening 13 with breech wedge 14 in the open position with an open cartridge chamber 11. Breech wedge 14 is in the open position and ejector 232 is clearly visible. The view shown in FIG. 11b shows ejector 236 after a cartridge base or a cartridge case has been ejected. Unlocking mechanism 162 is connected to an unlocking cam 168 disposed in base piece opening 13.

[0103] FIG. 11a shows a schematic side view of ejector system 200 of breech system 10 of the invention, wherein breech wedge 14 is in the closed position. FIG. 11b shows a schematic side view of ejector system 200 of breech system 10 of the invention according to FIG. 11a, wherein breech wedge 14 is in the open position.

[0104] The at least one ejector lever 127 has a first lever arm 236 with an arc-shaped contact surface 238 which is permanently in contact with the at least one second contact roller 244.

[0105] Furthermore, ejector lever 127 has a second lever arm. The second lever arm is used to actuate ejector 127.

[0106] Contact surface 238 of first lever arm 236 is formed substantially concave, so that the angle of rotation of the rotary movement of ejector lever 127 with respect to the angle of rotation of the rotary movement of opening lever 126 describes a progressive characteristic during opening of breech system 10.

[0107] Opener lever 126 is designed such that, in the open position of breech system 10, it is not in contact with the first contact roller and the first contact roller can be brought into contact with opener lever 126 in the course of the opening process.

[0108] As can be seen in FIGS. 11a and 11b, opener lever 126 has a projection with a contact surface 223 which can be brought into contact with the first contact roller. Contact surface 223 of opener lever 126 is substantially flat.

[0109] FIG. 12 shows a schematic diagram of the angle of rotation of opener lever 126 and the angle of rotation of ejector lever 127 with regard to the forward motion. The diagram shows that the angle of rotation of opener shaft 120 changes linearly with regard to the forward movement and the angle of rotation of ejector 232 describes a progressive characteristic.

[0110] FIG. 13 shows a schematic perspective view of breech mechanism 100 of breech system 10 of the invention according to a second embodiment. According to the second embodiment of the invention, the guide element is formed as a guide profile 110′. Guide profile 110′ directly comprises actuating element 114. Guide profile 110′ is mounted movable directly on base piece 12 and movable on the cradle barrel.

[0111] FIG. 14 shows a further schematic perspective view of breech mechanism 100 of breech system 10 of the invention according to a second embodiment. As shown in FIG. 14, actuating element 114 is part of guide profile 110′. The actuating element in this case is designed as a projection extending downward from the guide profile.

[0112] The actuation can be done by the linear drive, fixed to the cradle, on the downwardly extending projection.

[0113] Further, a force-limiting spring element is disclosed.

[0114] The invention being thus described, it will be obvious that the same may be varied in many ways. Such variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the spirit and scope of the invention, and all such modifications as would be obvious to one skilled in the art are to be included within the scope of the following claims.