Online resourceful treatment method of electroless copper plating waste solution

Abstract

The disclosure discloses an online resourceful treatment method of electroless copper plating waste solution. According to the disclosure, a copper catalyst is adopted to perform autocatalytic reaction on electroless copper plating waste solution in an autocatalytic reactor, copper simple substances are reduced from copper ions in the waste solution and recycled, the treated waste solution enters into a three-dimensional electrolyzer and a membrane filtration plant for further purification, the finally treated electroless copper plating waste solution meets water quality discharge standard, and the recovery rate of the copper simple substances can reach up to above 95%.

Claims

1. An online resourceful treatment method of electroless copper plating waste solution, comprising the following steps: (1) autocatalytic reduction reaction: filtering the electroless copper plating waste fluid to remove solid impurities, then introducing the waste fluid into an autocatalytic reactor, adjusting pH to 13-14, controlling temperature to 60-70° C., adding a copper-based catalyst at a dosage of 2-10 g/L, wherein the copper-based catalyst comprises by percentage of weight: 20-26% of nano-copper, 0.1-0.5% of cerium oxide, 2.5-4.5% of carbon black, and the balance of nano cuprous oxide, after the copper-based catalyst is added, mixing the electroless copper plating waste fluid with the copper-based catalyst by stirring at a frequency of 100-150 KHz and an electromagnetic field intensity of 6,000-7,000 K/Am, and carrying out an autocatalytic reduction reaction to reduce copper ions in the electroless copper plating waste fluid into copper elementary substances for precipitation, filtering to recycle the copper elementary substances, returning the recycled electroless copper plating waste fluid to the autocatalytic reactor, and then stopping the autocatalytic reduction reaction until the concentration of copper ions in the electroless copper plating waste fluid is lower than a threshold; (2) treatment of the electroless copper plating waste fluid by a three-dimensional electrolysis method: adjusting the pH of the electroless copper plating waste fluid obtained after the autocatalytic reaction of the step (1) to 6.0-6.5 with an acidic solution, and then introducing the electroless copper plating waste fluid after the pH adjustment into a three-dimensional electrolysis device containing a particle electrode for advanced oxidation treatment of COD, ammonia nitrogen and organic substances in the waste fluid in an electrolysis manner, wherein the particle electrode is a polyacetylene/activated carbon composite particle with a particle diameter of 2 mm, and the dosage of the particle electrode is 12-15 g/L, and the three-dimensional electrolysis device has an electrolysis current controlled at 0.6-0.7 A and an electrolysis time controlled between 2-3 h; (3) chemical precipitation: adjusting the pH of the waste fluid after the advanced oxidation treatment of the step (2) with a NaOH solution to 7-7.5, introducing the waste fluid into a chemical precipitation device, adding a precipitant at a dosage of 4-10 mg/L to coagulate impurities in the waste fluid, and filtering to obtain a supernatant; and (4) purification treatment: subjecting the supernatant obtained in step (3) to membrane separation by a membrane filtration apparatus, discharging the separated clean water, and returning a separated concentrated solution containing residual copper ions to the autocatalytic reactor of step (1) for re-treatment.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein a method for preparing the copper catalyst comprises the following steps: S1: weighing the nano-copper, the nano cuprous oxide, the cerium oxide and the carbon black according to the weight percentages in the copper-based catalyst to obtain mixed powder, mixing with N,N-dimethylformamide to form a dispersion with a concentration of 0.25-0.35 g/mL, then adding polyvinyl alcohol which accounts for 25% of a total mass of the mixed powder into the dispersion to form an electrostatic spinning solution, carrying out electrostatic spinning on the electrostatic spinning solution, and drying at 70° C. for 24 hours to obtain an electrostatic-spun yarn; S2: calcining the electrostatic-spun yarn in air at a condition of 220° C. for 1 h, and then annealing and carbonizing the electrostatic-spun yarn at a temperature of 700-800° C. under inert atmosphere for a duration of 300 min to obtain a three-dimensional carbonized spun yarn; and S3: placing the three-dimensional carbonized spun yarn in a NO airflow, and repeatedly and circularly sucking for 12-24 h to achieve adsorption saturation, so as to obtain the copper-based catalyst.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the threshold of the concentration of the copper ions in the electroless copper plating waste fluid is 0.3 mg/L.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the precipitant comprises 67% of component A and 33% of component B by percentage of weight; the component A comprises magnesium chloride and polyacrylamide, and the mass ratio of the magnesium chloride to the polyacrylamide 2:1; the component B comprises an oxalic acid solution with a concentration of 1 wt. % and starch, and the mass ratio of the oxalic acid solution with a concentration of 1 wt. % to the starch is 5:1; and when in use, the component A is added and stirred for 30 min, and then the component B is added and stirred for 10 min, and allowed to stand for 20 min to obtain the precipitant.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method according to the disclosure; and

(2) FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of an autocatalytic reactor according to the disclosure;

(3) wherein, 1—reaction tank, 2—electroless copper plating waste solution inlet, 3—alkali liquid inlet, 4—catalyst feeding frame, 5—temperature probe, 6—pH probe, 7—copper ion detection probe, 8—heating rod, 9—high-frequency electromagnetic oscillator, 10—jack, 11—aeration pipe, 12—air pump, 13—water outlet, 14—main valve, 15—copper single substance separation box, 16—screen, 17—water pump I, 18—reflux box, 19—ultrasonic vibrating rod, 20—water pump II, 21—aerial drainage valve, and 22—reflux port

DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

(4) Unless specifically indicated, materials and reagents used in examples are all conventionally used in the prior or commercially available in the market.

Example 1

(5) As shown in FIG. 1, an online resourceful treatment method of electroless copper plating waste solution comprises the following steps:

(6) (1) autocatalytic reaction: electroless copper plating waste solution was filtered to remove solid impurities, the filtered waste solution was introduced into an autocatalytic reactor, the pH was adjusted to 13.5, the temperature was controlled to 65° C., and a copper catalyst was added in an amount of 6 g/L. The copper catalyst contained mixed powder consisting of 23% of nano copper, 0.3% of cerium oxide, 3.5% of carbon black, 73.2% of nano cuprous oxide powder, based on weight percent. Under the condition of electromagnetic oscillation, the electroless copper plating waste solution was fully mixed with the copper catalyst and conducted autocatalytic reduction reaction to reduce solution into copper simple substances, the copper simple substance was subjected to cycle filtration for recovery, and recycled water was returned back to the autocatalytic reactor until the concentration of copper ions in the electroless copper plating waste solution was less than 0.3 mg/L threshold, and then entered the next stage.

(7) As shown in FIG. 2, the above autocatalytic reactor included a reaction tank 1, a catalyst adding frame 4, a high-frequency electromagnetic oscillator 9 and a copper simple substance separation box 15, wherein the reaction tank 1 was made of a ceramic insulation material, the reaction tank 1 was provided with a jack 10 for actively inserting the catalyst adding frame 4, the electroless copper plating waste solution inlet 2 and the alkali liquid inlet 3, the catalyst adding frame 4 was provided with a reflux port 22, and the reaction tank 1 was also internally provided with a temperature probe 5, a pH probe 6, a copper ion detection probe 7 and a heating rod 8. The lower part of reaction tank 1 was equipped with an aeration tube 11 for aeration and agitation. An aeration tube 11 was connected with an external air pump 12. A high-frequency electromagnetic oscillator 9 was arranged on the outer side wall of the reaction tank 1. The high-frequency electromagnetic oscillator 9 was used to generate an oscillating electromagnetic field. The copper single substance separation box 15 was connected under the water outlet 13 of the reaction tank 1, and the water outlet 13 was provided with the main valve 14, and the screen 16 for intercepting and filtering the copper simple substance was arranged in the copper simple substance separation box 15. The effluent at the bottom of the copper simple substance separation box 15 was pumped to the catalyst adding frame 4 from the reflux port 22 through the water pump I 17 until the copper ion detection probe 7 detected that the concentration of the copper ions in the waste solution was less than the threshold, the aerial drain valve 21 was opened, and the waste solution was pumped to the three-dimensional electrolysis device through the water pump II 20. A reflux box 18 was arranged on a pipeline connected to the reflux port 22, and an ultrasonic vibrating rod 19 was arranged in the reflux box 18 for ultrasonic activation of the reflux water gathered in the reflux box 18. The ultrasonic activated wastewater was easier to react with the copper catalyst so as to improve the reduction efficiency of copper ions.

(8) The working method and principle of the autocatalytic reactor are as follows: the filtered electroless copper plating waste solution is introduced into the reaction tank 1 from the electroless copper plating waste solution inlet 2, and NaOH solution is dropwise added to the waste solution through the alkali solution inlet 3, wherein pH is detected between 13 and 14 via the pH probe 6, then the heating rod 8 is opened to detect the temperature to 65° C. by the temperature probe 5, the copper catalyst is added into the catalyst adding frame 4 in an amount of 6 g/L, and the catalyst adding frame 4 extends into the reaction tank 1 from the jack 10. The electromagnetic frequency generated by the high-frequency electromagnetic oscillator 9 on the outer wall of the reaction tank 1 is 125 KHz, the oscillating electromagnetic field with electromagnetic intensity of 65000 k/Am can greatly improve the contact rate between wastewater and the catalyst, and then improve the efficiency of complex copper ion compounds that are difficult to reduce. During the reaction, aeration stirring is performed inside the waste solution via the aeration pipe 11 through the air pump 12. Because the reaction efficiency of the autocatalytic reaction system is slow in the early stage, the system needs to operate for 2 h. Then, the main valve 14 is opened to allow the waste solution to flow through the water outlet 13 into the copper simple substance separation box 15, the copper simple substance is intercepted by the screen 16, the waste solution is pumped from the reflux port 22 to the catalyst adding frame 4 through the water pump I 17, until the copper ion detection probe 7 detects that the concentration of copper ions in the waste solution is lower than the threshold, the aerial drain valve 21 is opened, and the waste solution is pumped to the three-dimensional electrolysis device through the water pump II 20. The catalytic efficiency can be improved by dynamic water circulation.

(9) (2) Three dimensional electrolysis: the waste solution after the autocatalytic reaction in step (1) was mixed with acidic solution until the pH was 6.3, wherein the acidic solution was acidic wastewater generated by the enterprise. Waste controlled by waste is a better solution for resources. Then the mixed waste solution is introduced into a three-dimensional electrolysis device with a particle electrode. The electrolysis current was controlled to 0.65 A, and the electrolysis time was controlled to 2.5 h for advanced oxidation treatment of COD, ammonia nitrogen and organic substances in the waste solution; wherein the particle electrode was a polyacetylene/activated carbon composite particle with a particle size of 2 mm, and the addition amount of particle electrode was 13 g/L. Polyacetylene/activated carbon composite particles are prepared according to a non-homogeneous polymerization method disclosed in the prior art, specifically referring to the article “PREPARATION OF POLYACETYLENE/ACTIVATED CARBON COMPOSITE MATERIAL AND RESEARCH ON ITS CONDUCTIVITY”.

(10) (3) Chemical precipitation: NaOH solution was added to the waste solution after advanced oxidation treatment in step (2) so that pH was adjusted to 7.3, and the adjusted waste solution was introduced into the chemical precipitation device, the precipitator was added in an amount of 7 mg/L to coagulate the impurities in the waste solution, and supernatant was obtained by filtration; the precipitant comprised 67% of component A and 33% of component B based on weight percent, the component A was composed of magnesium chloride and polyacrylamide in a mass ratio of 2:1, the component B was composed of 1% oxalic acid solution and starch in a mass ratio of 5:1. The component A was firstly added and stirred for 30 minutes, and then the component B was added and stirred for 10 minutes, and stand lasted for 20 min. The magnesium chloride and polyacrylamide in the component A built bridging between the ammonia nitrogen and soluble macromolecules in the waste solution to form the complex precipitate; then the oxalate starch mixture in the component B built bridging on the basis of the complex, so that floccules form the precipitate as soon as possible so as to be removed. Meanwhile, oxalic acid can be used to form complex precipitate with copper and other metal ions in the waste solution, so as to quickly remove the pollutants in the waste solution.

(11) (4) Purification treatment: the supernatant obtained in step (3) was subjected to membrane separation using the membrane filtration plant, and the separated clear water was discharged. The separated concentrate containing residual copper ions was returned back to the autocatalytic reactor to perform autocatalytic reduction reaction with the copper plating waste solution in the next batch, and copper simple substances were recycled.

(12) The water quality of the purified wastewater was tested. The copper content in the effluent was measured as 0.07 mg/L, the effective removal rate of copper ions was 97.8%, the recovery rate of copper simple substances was 90%, the detection amount of ammonia nitrogen was 2 mg/L, the detection amount of COD was 26 mg/L, and the index of the treated electroless copper plating waste solution met the Table 2 standard of electroplating pollutant discharge standard (GB21900-2008).

Example 2

(13) Example 2 is basically the same as example 1. The difference is that the preparation method of the copper catalyst comprises the following steps:

(14) S1: weighing, by weight percent, 23% of nano copper, 0.3% of cerium oxide, 3.5% of carbon black and 73.2% of nano cuprous oxide to obtain the mixed powder, mixing the obtained mixed powder with N-dimethylformamide to form dispersion liquid having a concentration of 0.25-0.35 g/mL, and then mixing poval whose mass is 25% of a total mass of the mixed powder into electrostatic spinning solution, electrostatic spinning the electrostatic spinning solution, and drying at 70° C. for 24 hours to obtain wet spinning;

(15) S2: calcining the wet spinning in air at 220° C. for 1 h, then annealing and carbonizing for 300 min at 700-800° C. in an inert atmosphere to obtain three-dimensional carbonized spinning, wherein sintering time is 300 min;

(16) S3: placing the three-dimensional carbonized spinning in NO air stream to repeatedly recycle and suck for 12-24 hours to reach adsorption saturation, so as to obtain the copper catalyst. Because the prepared three-dimensional carbonized spinning has good hole adsorption property and can store gases, saturation adsorption is carried out on the reducing agent NO using three-dimensional carbonized spinning so as to further promote the catalytic performance of the catalyst.

(17) The water quality of the purified wastewater was tested. The copper content in the effluent was measured as 0.05 mg/L, the effective removal rate of copper ions was 99.9%, the recovery rate of copper simple substances was 95%, the detection amount of ammonia nitrogen was 1 mg/L, the detection amount of COD was 15 mg/L, and the index of the treated electroless copper plating waste solution met the Table 2 standard of electroplating pollutant discharge standard (GB21900-2008).

(18) By comparing example 1 with example 2, it is found that the removal rate of copper ions and the recovery rate of copper simple substances treated by using the three-dimensional carbonized spinning copper catalyst adsorbed with NO in example 2 are higher than those of the mixed powder copper catalyst in example 1.

Example 3

(19) Study on influence of different components proportions and treatment manners of three-dimensional carbonized spinning-like copper catalyst in example 2 on removal rate of copper ions and recovery rate of copper simple substances, specifically as shown in in Table 1.

(20) TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Different components proportions and treatment manners of three-dimensional carbonized spinning-like copper catalyst Nano Cerium Carbon Nano cuprous Adsorb NO copper oxide black oxide or not Example 2 23% 0.3% 3.5% 73.2% Yes Comparative 20% 0.1% 2.5% 77.4% Yes example 1 Comparative 26% 0.5% 4.5% .sup. 69% Yes example 2 Comparative 23% 0.3% 3.5% 73.2% No example 3

(21) The result of comparative example 1 is as follows: the detection amount of copper in the effluent is 0.05 mg/L, the effective removal rate of copper ions is 98.8%, and the recovery rate of copper simple substances is 93%.

(22) The result of comparative example 2 is as follows: the detection amount of copper in the effluent is 0.06 mg/L, the effective removal rate of copper ions is 99.1%, and the recovery rate of copper simple substance is 93%.

(23) The result of comparative example 3 is as follows: the detection amount of copper in the effluent is 0.07 mg/L, the effective removal rate of copper ions is 98.3%, and the recovery rate of copper simple substance is 91%.

(24) Conclusion: the copper catalyst prepared by proportion and method in example 2 has the highest copper ion removal rate and copper simple substance recovery rate.

Example 4

(25) The copper catalyst in example 2 was taken as experiment group 1, and four parallel groups, namely experiment groups 2-5, were set respectively. The on-line resourceful treatment of electroless copper waste solution was carried out using the method and device in example 1. The influence of addition amounts of different copper catalysts on autocatalytic reaction was studied, specifically as shown in Table 2.

(26) TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Influence of addition amounts of different copper catalysts on autocatalytic reaction Addition Detection Recovery rate amount of amount of Effective of copper copper copper in removal rate simple catalysts effluent of copper ions substances Experimental 6 g/L 0.05 mg/L 99.9% 95% group 1 Experimental 2 g/L 0.17 mg/L 97.5% 90% group 2 Experimental 10 g/L 0.14 mg/L 98.2% 93% group 3 Experimental 1 g/L 0.55 mg/L 84.3% 83% group 4 Experimental 14 g/L 0.31 mg/L 87.6% 85% group 5

(27) Conclusion: when the addition amount of the copper catalyst is 6 g/L, and the effect of the autocatalytic reaction is optimal.

Example 5

(28) 1-5 experimental groups were set, the on-line resource treatment of electroless copper plating waste solution was carried out using the method and device of example 1 respectively, and the influence of effects of different electromagnetic oscillation conditions on the autocatalytic reaction was studied, specifically as shown in Table 3.

(29) TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Influence of different electromagnetic oscillation conditions on autocatalytic reaction Detection Effective Recovery amount of removal rate of Electromagnetic Electromagnetic copper in rate of copper simple frequency intensity effluent copper ions substances Experimental 125 KHz 6500 K/Am 0.07 mg/L 97.8% 90.0% group 1 Experimental 100 KHz 6000 K/Am 0.12 mg/L 95.9% 87.0% group 2 Experimental 150 KHz 7000 K/Am 0.15 mg/L 96.2% 88.2% group 3 Experimental  50 KHz 5500 K/Am 0.58 mg/L 82.3% 80.8% group 4 Experimental 200 KHz 7500 K/Am 0.45 mg/L 83.4% 81.9% group 5

(30) Conclusion: it can be seen by comparison of experimental groups 1-5 that under the same treatment condition, the treatment effect of autocatalytic reaction having electromagnetic oscillation frequency of 125 KHz and electromagnetic intensity of 6500 K/Am is optimal

Example 6

(31) The influence of concentration thresholds of different copper ions in autocatalytic reaction in example 1 on wastewater purification effect, system operation efficiency and energy consumption was studied. Experimental groups 1-3 were set, in which the copper ion concentration threshold of experimental group 1 was 0.2 mg/L; the copper ion concentration threshold of experimental group 2 was 0.3 mg/L; the copper ion concentration threshold of experimental group 3 was 0.4 mg/L; the other conditions of experimental group 1-3 were the same, specifically as shown in Table 4.

(32) Table 4 Influence of concentration thresholds of different copper ions on wastewater purification effect, system operation efficiency and energy consumption

(33) TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Influence of concentration thresholds of different copper ions on wastewater purification effect, system operation efficiency and energy consumption Experimental Experimental Experimental group 1 group 2 group 3 Detection amount of 0.07 mg/L 0.07 mg/L 0.22 mg/L copper in effluent Effective removal rate 98.0% 97.8% 96.2% of copper ions Recovery rate of copper   90%   90%   82% simple substances Detection amount of 2 mg/L 2 mg/L 4 mg/L ammonia nitrogen Detection amount of COD 25 mg/L 26 mg/L 35 mg/L Operation efficiency Low High mediate Energy consumption High Low mediate

(34) Conclusion: when the threshold of copper ion concentration in experimental group 1 is 0.2 mg/L, although the difference between the effluent index and the effluent index in experimental group 2 is not significant, too long cycle time of wastewater in the auto-reaction catalysis device causes low operating efficiency so as to result in high energy consumption; when the threshold of copper ion concentration in experimental group 3 is 0.4 mg/L, the burden of subsequent treatment equipment will be increased, so the effect of effluent index is reduced compared with those of experimental groups 1 and 2. In summary, when the concentration threshold of copper ions is 0.3 mg/L, the treatment effect is optimal under the same conditions.

Example 7

(35) The influence of different particle electrodes on purification effect of wastewater was studied, wherein experimental group 1 was a polyacetylene/activated carbon composite particle, experimental group 2 was an activated carbon particle, experimental group 3 was nano iron, and the three experimental groups used the method and device of example 1 for water treatment, and the addition amount was 13 g/L, specifically as shown in Table 5.

(36) TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 Influence of different particle electrodes on purification effect of wastewater Experimental Experimental Experimental group 1 group 2 group 3 Detection amount of 0.14 mg/L 0.07 mg/L 0.16 mg/L copper in effluent Effective removal rate 97.0% 97.8% 96.6% of copper ions Recovery rate of copper   88%   90%   87% simple substances Detection amount of 5 mg/L 2 mg/L 7 mg/L ammonia nitrogen Detection amount of COD 43 mg/L 26 mg/L 55 g/L

(37) Conclusion: it can be seen from Table 5 that the effluent effect of the three-dimensional electrolysis device using the polyacetylene/activated carbon composite particle as the particle electrode to treat wastewater is higher than those of activated carbon particles and nano iron.

Example 8

(38) The influence of different precipitator components and addition manners on wastewater treatment results was studied, and the following experimental groups were as follows:

(39) Experiment group 1: the precipitant comprised 67% of component A and 33% of component B based on weight percent, the component A was composed of magnesium chloride and polyacrylamide in a mass ratio of 2:1, The component B was composed of 1% oxalic acid solution and starch in a mass ratio of 5:1. When in use, the component A was added and stirred for 30 min, and then the component B was added and stirred for 10 min, standing lasted for 20 min.

(40) Experimental group 2: the precipitant only comprised the component A, which was composed of magnesium chloride and polyacrylamide in a mass ratio of 2:1. The addition way was that the component A was directly added into the chemical precipitation device to be stirred with the wastewater for 30 min, and fully precipitated for 20 min.

(41) Experiment group 3: the precipitant comprised, by weight percent, 67% of component A and 33% of component B. The component A was composed of magnesium chloride and polyacrylamide in a mass ratio of 2:1; the component B was composed of 1% oxalic acid solution and starch in a mass ratio of 5:1; when in use, the component A and the component B were simultaneously added to the chemical precipitation device to be stirred with the wastewater for 30 minutes, and fully precipitated for 20 min.

(42) Experiment group 4: it was basically the same as experiment group 2, and the difference was that the precipitant comprised 80% of component A and 20% of component B based on weight percent, and the other conditions were the same as those in experiment group 2.

(43) Experiment group 5: it was basically the same as experiment group 2, and the difference was that the precipitant comprised 50% of component A and 50% of component B based on weight percent, and the other conditions were the same as those in experiment group 2.

(44) The experimental groups 1-5 used the method and device of example 1 to perform wastewater treatment, and treatment results are seen in Table 6.

(45) TABLE-US-00006 TABLE 6 Influence of different precipitator components and addition manners on wastewater treatment result Experimental Experimental Experimental Experimental Experimental group 1 group 2 group 3 group 4 group 5 Detection amount of 0.19 mg/L 0.07 mg/L 0.10 mg/L 0.13 mg/L 0.15 mg/L copper in effluent Effective removal rate 93.2% 97.8% 97.0% 95.1% 94.3% of copper ions Recovery rate of copper 86.8%   90% 89.0% 88.7% 87.9% simple substances Detection amount of 6 mg/L 2 mg/L 4 mg/L 4 mg/L 5 mg/L ammonia nitrogen Detection amount of COD 46 mg/L 26 mg/L 33 mg/L 34 mg/L 38 mg/L

(46) Conclusion: the result of precipitator components and addition manners in experimental group 2 on wastewater treatment is better than those in other experimental groups.

(47) From the comparison of examples 1-8, it can be seen that example 2, in which the copper catalyst is improved on the basis of example 1, has the best wastewater treatment effect. The optimal detection results are as follows: the detection amount of copper in effluent is 0.05 mg/L, the effective removal rate of copper ions is 99.9%, the recovery rate of copper simple substances is 95%, the detection amount of ammonia nitrogen is 1 mg/L, and the detection amount of COD is 15 mg/L.