WOVEN FABRIC AND TECHNICAL TEXTILE

Abstract

A woven fabric has warp threads and weft threads that are interwoven for configuring a textile structure. The woven fabric has a thickness direction as well as a warp direction and a weft direction. The warp threads and/or the weft threads in the thickness direction have a wave-shaped profile. At least some, preferably all, weft threads have a wave-shaped profile in the warp direction, and/or at least some, preferably all, warp threads have a wave-shaped profile in the weft direction. Moreover, a technical textile is formed from such a woven fabric.

Claims

1-13. (canceled)

14. A technical textile, comprising: at least a first fabric having warp threads and weft threads being interwoven forming a textile structure, wherein said first fabric having a thickness direction as well as a warp direction and a weft direction, wherein said warp threads and/or said weft threads in the thickness direction have a wave-shaped profile, wherein at least some of said weft threads have a wave-shaped profile in the warp direction, and/or at least some of said warp threads have a wave-shaped profile in the weft direction; and two woven fabric plies being disposed on top of one another, said two woven fabric plies are associated with a same woven fabric which by folding is place on top of itself forming said two woven fabric plies.

15. The technical textile according to claim 14, further comprising a second woven fabric, said second woven fabric woven fabric being conventionally woven.

16. The technical textile according to claim 14, wherein said same woven fabric which by folding is placed on top of itself is said first woven fabric.

17. The technical textile according to claim 14, wherein in said wave-shaped profile of said weft threads of said first woven fabric in the warp direction, a spacing of two adjacent said weft threads in locations drops to less than 50% of a mean spacing of said weft threads.

18. The technical textile according to claim 14, wherein in said wave-shaped profile of said warp threads of said first woven fabric in the weft direction, a spacing of two adjacent warp threads at locations drops to less than 50% of a mean spacing of said warp threads.

19. The technical textile according to claim 15, further comprising at least one further ply being connected to at least one of said two woven fabric plies.

20. The technical textile according to claim 19, wherein said at least one further ply is one of a plurality of further plies, at least one of said further plies is a woven fabric, a non-woven ply, a warp-knitted and/or weft-knitted fabric, or a fiber mat

21. The technical textile according to claim 14, wherein said first woven fabric is a flat-woven fabric, wherein said warp threads of said first woven fabric are disposed in a machine running direction of the technical textile.

22. The technical textile according to claim 21, wherein: a diameter of said warp threads is between 0.3 mm and 0.5 mm; and said weft threads have the wave-shaped profile in the warp direction.

23. The technical textile according to claim 14, wherein said first woven fabric is a circular-woven fabric, and said weft threads of said first woven fabric are disposed in a machine running direction of the technical textile.

24. The technical textile according to claim 14, wherein the technical textile is a press felt.

25. The technical textile according to claim 14, wherein the technical textile is a seam felt.

26. The technical textile according to claim 22, wherein said diameter of said warp threads is 0.4 mm.

27. The technical textile according to claim 14, wherein in said wave-shaped profile of said weft threads of said first woven fabric in the warp direction, a spacing of two adjacent said weft threads in locations drops to less than 30% of a mean spacing of said weft threads.

28. The technical textile according to claim 14, wherein: the technical textile is a clothing of a machine for producing or processing a fibrous web; and all of said weft threads have the wave-shaped profile in the warp direction, and/or all of said warp threads have the wave-shaped profile in the weft direction.

Description

[0038] The invention will be explained in more detail hereunder by means of schematic figures in which:

[0039] FIG. 1 schematically shows a section through a woven fabric according to one aspect of the invention;

[0040] FIGS. 2a and 3a show a weaving pattern card for the known Half Panama weaving pattern;

[0041] FIGS. 2b and 3b show a weaving pattern card for a weaving pattern according to one aspect of the invention;

[0042] FIG. 4 shows a microscopic image of a woven fabric according to FIGS. 2b and 3b, respectively;

[0043] FIG. 5 shows a technical textile according to one aspect of the invention; and

[0044] FIG. 6 shows a technical textile according to a further aspect of the invention.

[0045] The woven fabric shown in FIG. 1 is constructed from warp threads 2, 2a and weft threads 3. The weft threads 3 here are in each case combined so as to form groups of two threads. The two warp threads 2 and 2a here are adjacent warp threads. In this weaving pattern, there are changeover points 10 in which the warp threads 2, 2a between two adjacent weft threads 3 change from the top to the bottom or vice versa, while no warp threads 2, 2a run between two adjacent weft threads 3 at other locations 11. As a result of the space requirement of the warp threads 2, 2a at the changeover points 10, a force effect acts on the weft threads in a displacement direction 5.

[0046] As is customary in weaving pattern cards, FIGS. 2a/2b as well as 3a/3b are aligned such that the warp threads 2, 2a run from the bottom to the top, and the weft threads 3 run transversely thereto. Swapping these directions also leads to a woven fabric according to another aspect of the invention in which the warp threads 2, 2a have a wave-shaped profile in the weft direction.

[0047] In the known “Half Panama” weaving pattern illustrated in FIGS. 2a and 3a, respectively, these changeover points 10 are at all times disposed between the same weft threads. As is indicated in FIG. 3a, the profile 30 of the weft threads 3 is therefore substantially rectilinear. A modification of the Half Panama is illustrated in FIGS. 2b and 3b, respectively, said modification delivering a woven fabric according to one aspect of the invention. As in the known Half Panama, two weft threads are in each case grouped together again. It is new here that one weft thread 3 is grouped alternatingly with the one and the other adjacent weft thread 3. This grouping changeover 20 in FIGS. 2b/3b takes place regularly after each fourth warp thread. While this type of the grouping changeover 20 has often proven to be advantageous, the invention is however not limited thereto. The weft profile 30 resulting therefrom is schematically plotted in FIG. 3b. The displacement direction 5 in which the weft thread 3 is displaced changes at the locations of the grouping changeover 20. The displacement 5 thus takes place in an alternating manner, once toward the upper and once toward the lower adjacent thread. A wave-shaped profile of the weft threads 3 in the warp direction be achieved in this way.

[0048] It can be readily derived that, using the technique described above, a wave-shaped profile of the warp threads 2, 2a in the weft direction can also be achieved in an analogous manner in that two warp threads 2, 2a are grouped instead of two weft threads 3.

[0049] Figure shows a microscopic image of a woven fabric 1 as described in FIGS. 2b and 3b. The changeover of the grouping 20 again takes place after each fourth warp thread 2, 2a. The wave-shaped profile of the weft threads 3 in the warp direction here can be readily seen. This spacing of two adjacent weft threads 3 in this example varies such that adjacent weft threads 3 contact one another at some locations. One weft thread 3 here alternatingly contacts both adjacent weft threads 3.

[0050] The intensity, or the amplitude, respectively, of this wave-shaped profile can be influenced by various factors. In principle, the stiffness of the threads (here the weft threads 3) counteracts the displacement 5 described. A higher stiffness of the thread material used therefore tends to lead to smaller amplitudes. Likewise, a smaller spacing of the grouping changeovers 20 leads to smaller amplitudes. When a grouping changeover 20 is carried out after each warp thread 2, 2a (or after each weft thread 3 in the embodiment having a wave-shaped profile of the warp threads 2, 2a in the weft direction), the stiffness of the weft thread 3 then be so high that said weft thread 3 does not display any wave-shaped profile. In particular, the spacing of two adjacent weft threads 3 in this instance will not drop to less than 50%, in particular to less than 30%, of the mean spacing of these weft threads. Conversely, the desired wave-shaped profile in the case of stiffer threads can also be achieved by a larger spacing of the grouping changeovers 20. Such grouping changeovers 20 can be carried out, for example, every 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or more (warp) threads.

[0051] FIG. 4 also shows very well how intensely the intermediate spaces 6 which are created between the threads 2, 2a, 3 differ. In the case of one such woven fabric 1 being superimposed by itself or by another woven fabric, the risk of the Moiré effect arising is largely precluded. The other woven fabric here can indeed also be conventionally woven and have regular, rectangular intermediate spaces.

[0052] FIG. 5 shows a technical textile 100 according to one aspect of the invention. The technical textile 100 can be used, for example, as a clothing 100 for a paper machine. The woven fabric 1 here is embodied according to one aspect of the invention. A flat-woven fabric 1 which has double the length of the desired textile 100 is used here. The warp direction is usually the longitudinal direction of the woven fabric. When used as a clothing, the warp direction is then the machine direction MD. The woven fabric 1 is preferably single-ply. A two-ply textile 100 is created by depositing the woven fabric 1 onto itself. The folds here can be configured so as to form seam loops 50. Some weft threads 3 can be removed in order for these seam loops 50 to be configured. The textile 100 can be rendered continuous by crossing the two seam loops 50 into one another and connecting the latter by means of a pintle. The face-side ends of the woven fabric 1 are usually disposed such that said ends contact one another at a butt joint 51 or overlap one another. Said ends here can be connected, in particular also welded.

[0053] The two woven fabric plies can optionally be connected to one another. This can take place inter alia by sewing or adhesive bonding.

[0054] In addition to the two-ply woven fabric 1 shown in FIG. 5, the technical textile 100 can also comprise even further components. When the technical textile 100 is used as a press felt 100 in a paper machine, for example, plies from non-woven fibers are usually provided on one side or both sides. These non-woven plies can be connected to one another and to the woven fabric 1 by needling. The probability of two comparatively large open faces coming to lie on top of one another is reduced as a result of the irregular intermediate spaces 5. As described at the outset, improved anchoring of the non-woven fibers in the woven fabric 1 is achieved as a result.

[0055] FIG. 6 shows a textile 100 having a woven fabric 1 according to a further aspect of the invention. This textile is constructed from a first woven fabric 1 and a second woven fabric 1a. Both woven fabrics 1, 1a in this example are of a circular-woven construction. When used as a clothing, the weft direction is then the machine direction MD. The first woven fabric 1 forms the first woven fabric ply, and the second woven fabric 1a forms the second woven fabric ply. It can be provided that the first woven fabric 1, the second woven fabric 1a, or both woven fabrics 1, 1a is/are embodied according to one aspect of the invention. Further plies, in particular non-woven plies, can also be provided here.

LIST OF REFERENCE SIGNS

[0056] First woven fabric [0057] 1a Second woven fabric [0058] 2, 2a Warp thread [0059] 3 Weft thread [0060] 5 Displacement direction [0061] 6 Intermediate space [0062] 10 Changeover point [0063] 11 No warp change [0064] 20 Grouping changeover point [0065] 30 Weft profile [0066] 100 Technical textile