METHOD OF PRODUCING COAL MIXTURE AND METHOD OF PRODUCING COKE

Abstract

A method of producing a coal mixture includes blending a plurality of coals, wherein formula (1) and formula (2) are satisfied:

[00001]$\begin{array}{cc}{\alpha }_{\mathrm{calc}}=\underset{i}{\overset{N}{.Math.}}{\alpha }_i\times x_i& \left(1\right)\end{array}$

α.sub.calc≤1.2×10.sup.−10 (mol/g-coal)  (2)

wherein α.sub.calc is a hydrogen ion release capacity per unit mass (mol/g-coal) of the coal mixture, al is the hydrogen ion release capacity per unit mass (mol/g-coal) of a coal i, x.sub.i is a blending ratio of the coal i blended in the coal mixture, and N is a total number of brands of coal contained in the coal mixture.

Claims

1-4. (canceled)

5. A method of producing a coal mixture comprising blending a plurality of coals, wherein formula (1) and formula (2) are satisfied: $\begin{array}{cc}{\alpha }_{\mathrm{calc}}=\underset{i}{\overset{N}{.Math.}}{\alpha }_i\times x_i& \left(1\right)\end{array}$
α.sub.calc≤1.2×10.sup.−10 (mol/g-coal)  (2) wherein α.sub.calc is a hydrogen ion release capacity per unit mass (mol/g-coal) of the coal mixture, α.sub.i is the hydrogen ion release capacity per unit mass (mol/g-coal) of a coal i, x.sub.i is a blending ratio of the coal i blended in the coal mixture, and N is a total number of brands of coal contained in the coal mixture.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the hydrogen ion release capacity per unit mass of coal is calculated by dividing a product of hydrogen ion concentration calculated from pH of water in which each of the coals is immersed and the volume of the water in which the coal is immersed by the mass of each of the corresponding coals.

7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the coal mixture is produced before being transported into a coke plant equipped with a coke oven.

8. A method of producing coke comprising: charging a coal mixture produced by the method according to claim 5 into a carbonization chamber of a coke oven; and carbonizing the coal mixture to produce coke.

9. The method according to claim 6, wherein the coal mixture is produced before carrying into a coke plant equipped with a coke oven.

10. A method of producing coke comprising: charging the coal mixture produced by the method according to claim 6 into a carbonization chamber of a coke oven; and carbonizing the coal mixture to produce coke.

11. A method of producing coke comprising: charging the coal mixture produced by the method according to claim 7 into a carbonization chamber of a coke oven; and carbonizing the coal mixture to produce coke.

12. A method of producing coke comprising: charging the coal mixture produced by the method according to claim 9 into a carbonization chamber of a coke oven; and carbonizing the coal mixture to produce coke.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between the reaction treatment time and the fluidity of coal.

[0015] FIG. 2 is a graph showing changes over time in the pH of various brands of coal.

[0016] FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the hydrogen ion release capacity of coal mixture and the fluidity “before treatment—after treatment.”

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] We found that the speed of coal weathering varies depending on the pH (i.e., hydrogen ion concentration) of water that adheres to coal and the amount of hydrogen ions that are dis-solved in water varies depending on the types of coal, and thus have considered that by blending different types of coal and adjusting the pH of adhesion water of coal, it is possible to control the speed of coal weathering at a low level. As a result, we found desired conditions in which it is possible to better suppress a decrease in fluidity due to coal weathering by transporting and storing coals as a coal mixture rather than by transporting and storing coals individually.

[0018] First, the effect of the pH of treatment water on the speed of coal weathering will be described. Coal was immersed in treatment waters having different pH values, and changes over time in coal fluidity were checked. The pH of treatment waters was adjusted using hydrochloric acid and pure water to a range of pH 2.0 to 5.6. Table 1 shows properties of the coal used.

TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Ro logMF TI (%) (ddpm/log) (%) Coal A 0.69 0.95 54.4

[0019] FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between the reaction treatment time and the fluidity of coal. The horizontal axis of FIG. 1 represents the reaction treatment time (h), and the vertical axis represents the log MF (ddpm/log) of coal. As shown in FIG. 1, we found that as the pH of treatment water decreases, a decrease in coal fluidity becomes faster, and coal weathering proceeds faster. It is known that as the pH decreases, the oxidation-reduction potential increases, and as the oxidation-reduction potential increases, an aqueous solution becomes more oxidizing. From the above result, we found that as coal is treated with an aqueous solution having a lower pH, coal oxidation is promoted, and coal weathering is accelerated.

[0020] Next, a description will be made on the pH of water obtained after each of various brands of coal was immersed in a predetermined amount of water, and the hydrogen ion release capacity per unit mass of coal which is defined by the pH. Each of various brands of coal in an amount of 50 g was immersed in 400 ml of pure water, and changes over time in the pH of water heated to 60° C. were measured. The hydrogen ion release capacity is calculated by dividing the product of hydrogen ion concentration calculated from the pH of water and the volume of the water in which the coal is immersed by the mass of the coal immersed. Table 2 shows the hydrogen ion release capacity of each of the brands of coal. When the hydrogen ion release capacity is small, the pH of water in which coal is immersed increases to more than 7 since hydrogen ions are accepted from water.

TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 pH Hydrogen ion release Coal brand (—) capacity (mol/g-coal) Coal B 3.6 1.9 × 10.sup.−6  Coal C 7.5 2.3 × 10.sup.−10 Coal D 6.3 4.1 × 10.sup.−9  Coal E 8.1 6.7 × 10.sup.−11 Coal F 8.9 1.1 × 10.sup.−11

[0021] FIG. 2 is a graph showing changes over time in the pH of various brands of coal. The horizontal axis of FIG. 2 represents the immersion time (min), and the vertical axis represents the pH of water in which coal is immersed. As shown in FIG. 2, the pH of water in which coal was immersed varied widely from acidic to basic depending on the brands of coal. There is a possibility that this result may be caused by differences in the amounts of water-soluble sulfate minerals and the types and amounts of organic acids contained in coal. As described above, since the pH of water in which the coal was immersed widely varied depending on the brands of coal, as shown in the results of Table 2, the hydrogen ion release capacity of coal widely varied depending on the brands of coal.

[0022] From the results, we found that by blending coals having different hydrogen ion release capacities, the pH of adhesion water adhering to the coals is controlled, and thus weathering of the coal mixture can be inhibited. That is, since the amount of water that adheres to coal (moisture content) during transportation and coal storage is about 10% by mass, reactions by acids and bases take place among coals constituting the coal mixture via 10% by mass of adhesion water, and the reactions influence the speed of coal weathering. We found that by blending a plurality of coals so that the pH of adhesion water increases, it is possible to suppress a decrease in fluidity due to weathering of the coal mixture. Our methods will be described below by way of examples.

[0023] In a method of producing a coal mixture in one example, by blending a plurality of coals so that α.sub.calc calculated by formula (1) below is 1.2×10.sup.−10 (mol/g-coal) or less, a coal mixture is produced. That is, a coal mixture that satisfies formula (1) and formula (2) is produced by blending individual brands of coal:

[00003]$\begin{array}{cc}{\alpha }_{\mathrm{calc}}=\underset{i}{\overset{N}{.Math.}}{\alpha }_i\times x_i& \left(1\right)\end{array}$
α.sub.calc≤1.2×10.sup.−10 (mol/g-coal)  (2).

[0024] In formula (1) and formula (2), α.sub.calc is the hydrogen ion release capacity per unit mass (mol/g-coal) of the coal mixture, al is the hydrogen ion release capacity per unit mass (mol/g-coal) of a coal i, x.sub.i is the blending ratio of the coal i blended in the coal mixture, and N is the total number of brands of coal contained in the coal mixture.

[0025] α.sub.i is the hydrogen ion release capacity per unit mass (mol/g-coal) of a coal i blended in the coal mixture. The hydrogen ion release capacity is calculated by measuring a pH of water in which a candidate coal to be blended in a coal mixture is immersed and dividing the product of hydrogen ion concentration calculated from the pH and the volume of the water in which the coal is immersed by the mass of the coal immersed. When the amount of water in which coal is immersed is too small, the hydrogen ion dissolution reaction does not reach equilibrium, and the hydrogen ion release capacity is calculated to be too low, which is undesirable. When the amount of water in which coal is immersed is too large, a change in hydrogen ion concentration due to immersion of coal is small, and accuracy in measurement of the hydrogen ion release capacity deteriorates, which is undesirable. Therefore, when the pH of water in which coal is immersed is measured, the mass ratio of coal to water (coal:water) is preferably 1:1 or more and 1:100 or less.

[0026] As shown in FIG. 2, the pH of water in which coal is immersed slightly changes until the dissolution reaction reaches equilibrium. Accordingly, it is preferable to measure pH after equilibrium is reached. A higher temperature of water in which coal is immersed is preferable. As the temperature of water is increased, the dissolution reaction is promoted, and the time until the dissolution reaction reaches equilibrium is shortened. Thus, pH measurement can be performed quickly. Furthermore, a longer period of time from immersion of coal in water until measuring of pH is preferable.

[0027] On the other hand, when the temperature of water in which coal is immersed is too high or the period of time until measuring of pH is too long, coal is weathered, which is undesirable. From these viewpoints, it is preferable to set the temperature of water in which coal is immersed at 0° C. or higher and 80° C. or lower and to set the period of time in which coal is immersed to 1 hour or more and 2 hours or less. As the particle size of coal decreases, the period of time until pH reaches equilibrium decreases, but weathering is likely to proceed more quickly. Therefore, it is not necessary to finely pulverize the coal. Since stirring during immersion of coal can shorten the period of time until pH reaches equilibrium, stirring may be performed. However, without stirring, if coal is immersed for 1 hour or more, pH comes very close to the equilibrium value. Therefore, the coal may be just immersed in water without stirring.

[0028] In this way, when a hydrogen ion release capacity of a candidate coal to be blended in a coal mixture can be calculated, a product of the hydrogen ion release capacity of each of coals blended in a coal mixture and the blending ratio is calculated. Types of coal and a blending ratio are determined so that the total sum of the products is 1.2×10.sup.−10 (mol/g-coal) or less. The blending ratio x.sub.i is calculated by dividing the mass of the coal i blended by the mass of the coal mixture.

[0029] For example, when two coals are blended to produce a coal mixture, when one coal has a hydrogen ion release capacity of more than 1.2×10.sup.−10 (mol/g-coal), a coal having a hydrogen ion release capacity of less than 1.2×10.sup.−10 (mol/g-coal) is selected as the other coal. The blending ratio of each of the coals is determined so that the total sum of products of the hydrogen ion release capacities and the blending ratios of the coals is 1.2×10.sup.−10 (mol/g-coal) or less. By determining the types of coal to be blended in a coal mixture and the blending ratio in this way and performing blending, it is possible to produce a coal mixture in which a decrease in fluidity due to weathering is suppressed.

[0030] The coals blended may be mixed by a commonly used mixing method. Examples of the coal mixing method include a method in which mixing is performed at a transfer section of a belt conveyor, a method in which mixing is performed in a hopper, a method of mixing using heavy equipment, a method in which dedicated blending equipment such as yard blending or blending bins, is used, and a method of mixing using a mixer. Transport and coal storage may also be performed by commonly used methods. By pulverizing a plurality of types of coal at the same time, pulverization and mixing may be combined.

[0031] As described above, the method of producing a coal mixture according to the example can be carried out by only blending a plurality of coals so that α.sub.calc calculated by formula (1) described above is 1.2×10.sup.−10 (mol/g-coal) or less and, therefore, can be carried out by a simple method without excessive capital investment or operational costs. Furthermore, by charging the coal mixture in which a decrease in coal fluidity is suppressed into a carbonization chamber of a coke oven and performing carbonization, coke having high strength can be produced.

[0032] As the transportation and coal storage time increases, the degree of decrease in fluidity due to weathering increases. Accordingly, it is preferable to carry out the method of producing a coal mixture according to the example as early as possible after coal is mined, and it is preferable to carry out the method at least before carrying the coal into a coke plant equipped with a coke oven. Thus, the effect of suppressing a decrease in fluidity can be increased.

EXAMPLES

[0033] Next, a description will be made on results of evaluation of coal mixtures produced by a method of producing a coal mixture according to the example. Using a thermostat for the purpose of adjusting weathering conditions, changes in fluidity of coal mixtures were checked i when two brands of coal were blended and stored as a coal mixture in the thermostat (before thermostat treatment) and when the same two brands of coal were separately stored in the thermostat and then blended together (after thermostat treatment). The properties, pH, and hydrogen ion release capacity of coal used are shown in Table 3. Coal (50 g) was immersed in 400 ml of pure water maintained at 60° C., and after the coal was immersed for 2 hours in the water, the hydrogen ion release capacity of the coal was calculated from the pH of the water.

TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Ro logMF TI pH Hydrogen ion release Coal brand (%) (ddpm/log) (%) (—) capacity (mol/g-coal) Coal a 0.73 3.99 20.7 8.5 2.3 × 10.sup.−11 Coal b 0.99 1.89 35.5 8.3 3.8 × 10.sup.−11 Coal c 1.00 2.83 33.3 7.6 2.0 × 10.sup.−10 Coal d 1.33 1.81 33.0 8.6 2.2 × 10.sup.−11 Coal e 0.85 3.53 18.8 3.6 2.1 × 10.sup.−6  Coal f 0.86 3.49 16.8 6.9 1.0 × 10.sup.−9  Coal g 0.93 2.82 26.6 8.9 1.1 × 10.sup.−11 Coal h 0.76 2.33 21.7 7.6 1.9 × 10.sup.−10 Coal i 1.06 2.48 7.6 7.6 2.3 × 10.sup.−10

[0034] Each of the brands of coal shown in Table 3 was pulverized to a particle size of 9.6 mm or less. Two brands of coal were blended so that the mass ratio on dry basis was 1:1 to produce a coal mixture, and the moisture content was adjusted to 12% by mass. The coal mixture was packed in a closed container, and the closed container was stored in a thermostat kept at 50° C. for 2 weeks. Then, the fluidity of the coal mixture was measured.

[0035] On the other hand, each of the same brands of coal as above was pulverized to a particle size of 9.6 mm or less, and the coal whose moisture content was adjusted to 12% by mass was packed in a closed container, and the closed container was stored in a thermostat kept at 50° C. for 2 weeks. Then, two brands of coal after storage were blended so that the mass ratio on dry basis was 1:1 to produce a coal mixture. The fluidity of the coal mixture was measured. The results thereof are shown in Table 4.

TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 logMF (ddpm/log) Hydrogen ion Before After Level release capacity thermostat thermostat Before treatment − No. Brand 1 Brand 2 (mol/g-coal) treatment treatment After treatment 1 Coal e Coal c 1.0 × 10.sup.−6  2.22 2.38 −0.15 2 Coal e Coal h 1.0 × 10.sup.−6  2.04 2.31 −0.27 3 Coal f Coal c 6.0 × 10.sup.−10 2.76 3.05 −0.28 4 Coal f Coal h 6.0 × 10.sup.−10 2.81 2.90 −0.09 5 Coal c Coal h 1.9 × 10.sup.−10 2.20 2.37 −0.17 6 Coal a Coal h 1.1 × 10.sup.−10 3.23 3.10 0.13 7 Coal d Coal i 1.2 × 10.sup.−10 1.67 1.66 0.01 8 Coal d Coal a 2.3 × 10.sup.−11 2.56 2.45 0.11 9 Coal d Coal g 1.6 × 10.sup.−11 1.88 1.72 0.16 10 Coal e Coal i 1.0 × 10.sup.−6  2.23 2.23 0.01 11 Coal e Coal a 1.0 × 10.sup.−6  2.98 3.09 −0.11 12 Coal e Coal g 1.0 × 10.sup.−6  2.43 2.57 −0.14 13 Coal e Coal d 1.0 × 10.sup.−6  1.28 1.26 0.02 14 Coal f Coal d 5.1 × 10.sup.−10 1.98 1.99 −0.01 15 Coal g Coal i 1.2 × 10.sup.−10 2.24 2.20 0.04 16 Coal c Coal a 1.1 × 10.sup.−10 3.00 2.92 0.09 17 Coal g Coal c 1.1 × 10.sup.−10 1.81 1.72 0.09 18 Coal d Coal c 1.1 × 10.sup.−10 1.04 0.95 0.09 19 Coal d Coal h 1.0 × 10.sup.−10 0.78 0.40 0.38 20 Coal c Coal h 1.9 × 10.sup.−10 1.08 1.00 0.08 21 Coal g Coal h 9.9 × 10.sup.−11 1.18 0.95 0.22

[0036] The value under the column “Hydrogen ion release capacity” of Table 4 is the hydrogen ion release capacity per unit mass of the coal mixture (α.sub.calc) calculated using formula (1) described above. For example, in Level No. 1 of Table 4, the calculation was made by [hydrogen ion release capacity of Coal e (2.1×10.sup.−6)×blending ratio (0.5)]+[hydrogen ion release capacity of Coal c (2.0×10.sup.−10)×blending ratio (0.5)].

[0037] The value under the column “Before thermostat treatment” is the measured value of fluidity of the coal mixture which was produced by blending two brands of coal before storage in the thermostat and then storing in the thermostat. The value under the column “After thermostat treatment” is the measured value of fluidity of the coal mixture which was produced by storing the same two brands of coal as above separately in the thermostat and blending the coals after storing. The value under the column “Before treatment—After treatment” is the difference between the measured value “before thermostat treatment” and the measured value “after thermostat treatment.”

[0038] FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the hydrogen ion release capacity of coal mixture and the fluidity “before treatment—after treatment.” The horizontal axis of FIG. 3 represents the hydrogen ion release capacity of coal mixture (mol/g-coal), and the vertical axis represents the fluidity “before treatment—after treatment” (ddpm/log). A positive value of fluidity “before treatment—after treatment” indicates that a decrease in fluidity is small when coals are stored as a coal mixture in the thermostat compared to when coals are stored separately as individual coals in the thermostat. On the other hand, a negative value of fluidity “before treatment—after treatment” indicates that a decrease in fluidity is large when coals are stored as a coal mixture in the thermostat compared to when coals are stored separately as individual coals in the thermostat.

[0039] As shown in FIG. 3, as the hydrogen ion release capacity of coal mixture decreased, the value of fluidity “before treatment—after treatment” tended to be positive. In particular, in all of coal mixtures with a hydrogen ion release capacity of 1.2×10.sup.−10 or less, the fluidity “before treatment—after treatment” was positive. A coal mixture in which a decrease in fluidity was small was obtained when coals were stored as a coal mixture in the thermostat compared to when coals were stored separately as individual coals in the thermostat. The results confirmed that when a coal mixture is produced so that the hydrogen ion release capacity thereof is 1.2×10.sup.−10 or less, it is possible to suppress a decrease in fluidity compared to the individual coals to be blended in the coal mixture. In particular, when the hydrogen ion release capacity was 1.0×10.sup.−10 or less, the fluidity “before treatment—after treatment” value was more than 0.1. The result shows that it is more preferable to produce a coal mixture so that the hydrogen ion release capacity thereof is 1.0×10.sup.−10 or less.