Hybrid permanent anchor

Abstract

A hybrid permanent anchor is proposed. The hybrid permanent anchor includes: a fixed body disposed between a compression part and a tension part and coupling the compression part and the tension part to each other; the tension part coupled to a front end of the fixed body and transmitting tension to the permanent anchor when tensile stress is generated; the compression part coupled to a rear end of the fixed body and transmitting compressive force to the permanent anchor when compressive stress is generated; a PC steel strand coupled to a rear end of the compression part and having a protective pipe thereon; and an anchor head part fixing the permanent anchor to a structure.

Claims

1. A hybrid permanent anchor for distributing and reducing a concentrated load in the permanent anchor, comprising: a fixed body disposed between a compression part and a tension part and coupling the compression part and the tension part to each other; the tension part coupled to a front end of the fixed body and transmitting tension to the permanent anchor when tensile stress is generated; the compression part coupled to a rear end of the fixed body and transmitting compressive force to the permanent anchor when compressive stress is generated; a PC (prestressed concrete) steel strand coupled to a rear end of the compression part and having a protective pipe thereon; and an anchor head part fixing the permanent anchor to a structure.

2. The hybrid permanent anchor of claim 1, wherein the fixed body has a bolt for coupling to a fastening hole of the tension part at the front end thereof and has a locking portion for coupling a first set screw to the compression part at the rear end thereof.

3. The hybrid permanent anchor of claim 1, wherein the tension part has a fastening hole for fastening to a bolt of the fixed body and has one or more put-in holes, such that a concrete is put into the one or more put-in holes.

4. The hybrid permanent anchor of claim 1, wherein the compression part and the pipe are coupled to each other by a second set screw and a tube protecting the second set screw is fitted on an outer surface of the second set screw.

5. The hybrid permanent anchor of claim 1, wherein the tension part has: a first tension body having a fastening hole for fastening a bolt of the fixed body; one or more tension wedges fastened inside the first tension body and holding wires; the wires each having one side coupled to the tension wedge and another side coupled to a second tension body; and a coil coupled between the first tension body and the second tension body and increasing attachment resistance to grout.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) The above and other objectives, features and other advantages of the present invention will be more clearly understood from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

(2) FIG. 1 is a view showing the configuration of a permanent anchor of the related art;

(3) FIG. 2 is a view showing schematically showing a tension anchor of the related art and a graph showing surrounding friction distribution;

(4) FIG. 3 is a view showing schematically showing a compression anchor of the related art and a graph showing surrounding friction distribution;

(5) FIG. 4 is a view showing the configuration of a first embodiment of a hybrid permanent anchor applied to the present disclosure;

(6) FIG. 5 is a view showing the configuration of a second embodiment of a hybrid permanent anchor applied to the present disclosure;

(7) FIG. 6 is a view schematically comparing the behaviors of a hybrid permanent anchor applied to the present disclosure and compression and tension types of the related art;

(8) FIG. 7 is a graph the case in which a concentrated-load generation portion is reduced to ¼ in a hybrid permanent anchor applied to the present disclosure to be advantageous in terms of maintaining force for a long period;

(9) FIG. 8 is a view comparing axial forces (fixed lengths) of a hybrid permanent anchor applied to the present disclosure and a compression type of the related art; and

(10) FIG. 9 is a graph showing result values comparing axial forces (fixed lengths) of a hybrid permanent anchor applied to the present disclosure and a compression type of the related art.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

(11) A hybrid permanent anchor applied to the present disclosure has the configuration shown in FIGS. 4 to 9.

(12) In the following description of the present disclosure, detailed descriptions of well-known functions or configurations relating to the disclosure will not be provided so as not to obscure the description of the disclosure with unnecessary details.

(13) The terms to be described below are set in consideration of functions in the present disclosure and may be changed in accordance with the intention or usage of manufacturers, so the definition should be based on the entire specification.

(14) Further, the sizes and thicknesses of the components shown the figures are selectively provided for the convenience of description and the present disclosure is not necessarily limited thereto.

(15) First, the present disclosure has been designed to reduce a concentrated-load generated in a permanent anchor 100 to ¼ using only the advantages of a tension type and a compression type to be advantageous in terms of maintaining force for a long period of time.

(16) To this end, the present disclosure has a fixed body (multi-compression part) 120 disposed between a compression part 130 and a tension part 110 (110a) and coupling the compression part and the tension part to be able to distribute and reduce a concentrated load applied to a permanent anchor 100.

(17) Further, the present disclosure has the tension part 110 (FIG. 4) or the tension part 110a (FIG. 5) coupled to the front end of the fixed body 120 and transmitting tension to the permanent anchor when tensile stress is generated.

(18) Further, the present disclosure has the compression part 130 coupled to the rear end of the fixed body 120 and transmitting compression force to the permanent anchor when compressive stress is generated.

(19) Further, the present disclosure has PC steel strands 140 coupled to the rear end of the compression part 130 and having a protective pipe 145 outside.

(20) The present disclosure provides a hybrid permanent anchor having an anchor head part 150 fixing the permanent anchor 100 to a structure.

(21) In particular, the anchor head part 150 includes a pressing plate 156 being in contact with a lattice block, a head 150 holding the PC steel strands 140 through the pressing plate 156, a plurality of tension cones 155 fitted on the PC steel strands 140 pulled at a side of the head 153 to fix the PC steel strands 140, and an anchor cap 151 disposed at a side of the pressing plate 156 and protecting these components.

(22) One or more fixing grooves 152 are formed inside the anchor cap 151 and fixing protrusions 154 protruding outward from the head 153 are inserted in the fixing grooves 152.

(23) The fixed body 120 applied to the present disclosure has a bolt 123 for coupling to a fastening hole 112 of the tension part 110 at the front end and has a locking portion 121 for coupling a first set screw 122 to the compression part 130 at the rear end.

(24) A spacer 125 functioning as a support for accurately maintaining the coating thickness of concrete may be disposed on the outer surface of the fixed body 120.

(25) The tension part 110 applied to the present disclosure has the fastening hole 112 for fastening to the bolt 123 of the fixed body 120 and has one or more put-in holes 112 to put concrete therein.

(26) Prominences and depressions are formed with regular intervals on the outer surface of the tension part 110. A through-hole 114 for putting concrete inside and an extending protrusion 113 being in surface contact with concrete are formed at protruding ribs of the prominences and depressions so that the contact area with concrete can be increased. In particular, the tension part 110 may be made of synthetic resin such as FRP that is light and can increase the roughness of the surface.

(27) The compression part 130 and the pipe 145 are coupled to each other by a second set screw 131 and a tube 135 protecting the second set screw may be fitted on the outer surface of the second set screw 131.

(28) The tension part 110a according to another embodiment of the present disclosure has the following configuration (FIG. 5).

(29) That is, the present disclosure has a first tension body 111a having a fastening hole 112a for fastening the bolt 123 of the fixed body 120.

(30) The present disclosure has one or more tension wedges 114a fastened inside the first tension body 111a and holding wires 113a.

(31) The present disclosure has the wire 113a each having one side coupled to the tension wedge 114a and another side coupled to a second tension body 116a.

(32) In particular, the present disclosure has a coil 115a coupled between the first tension body 111a and the second tension body 116a and increasing attachment resistance to grout.

(33) The coil 115a may be fitted in locking grooves 117a of the first tension body 111a and the second tension body 115a not to be easily separated.

(34) The coil 115a may be twisted to maximize a contact area with grout.

(35) A plurality of grooves 118a may be longitudinally formed on the coil 115a to increase attachment resistance to grout.

(36) The coil 115a may further have a plurality of through-holes 119a in which grout permeates so that attachment resistance to the grout is increased.

(37) The present disclosure may be changed in various ways and may have various shapes when the components described above are applied.

(38) The present disclosure should not be construed as being limited to the specific embodiment described above, but should be construed as including all changes, equivalents, and substitutions within the spirit of the present disclosure defined in the claims.

(39) The operational effects of the hybrid permanent anchor of the present disclosure having the configuration described above are as follows.

(40) First, the present disclosure has been designed to reduce a concentrated-load generated in a permanent anchor to ¼ using only the advantages of a tension type and a compression type to be advantageous in terms of maintaining force for a long period of time.

(41) To this end, FIG. 4 shows the configuration of a first embodiment of the hybrid permanent anchor 100 of the present disclosure.

(42) The present disclosure has the tension part 110 and the compression part 130 at both sides of the fixed part 120, and the pipe 145 having the PC steel strands 140 therein and the anchor head part 150 are sequentially connected to the compression part 130.

(43) The assembly of the permanent anchor 100 of the present disclosure is installed by inserting the permanent anchor 10 into a hole formed in a slope, injecting grout into the hole, installing a lattice block, tensing the permanent anchor 100, and then coupling the anchor cap 151 of the anchor head part 150.

(44) According to the present disclosure, the fastening hole 112 of the tension part 110 is fastened to the bolt 123 at the front end of the fixed body 120 and the first set screw 122 is fastened to the locking portion 121 at the rear end of the fixed body 120, whereby the tension part 110 and the compression part 130 are coupled with the fixed body 120 therebetween.

(45) Concrete is put inside through the put-in hole 111 of the tension part 110, thereby being able to maximize friction with the ground and the tension part 110.

(46) In particular, concrete is put into the through-holes 114 formed in the ribs of the prominences and depressions of the tension part 110 and concrete are in close contact with both ends of the extending protrusions 113, thereby the close contact force between the tension and the concrete can be further maximized.

(47) According to the present disclosure, in the process described above, the compression part 130 distributes and reduces the load applied to the compression part 130 and the tension part 110 to ¼.

(48) That is, according to the present disclosure, divergence angle of force is distributed and reduced in both directions to the compression part () and the tension part () from the fixed body 120 to be advantageous in terms of maintaining force for a long period of time.

(49) Accordingly, since the present disclosure is divided into the tension part 110 and the compression part 130 with the fixed body 120 therebetween, the divergence angle of force can be distributed and reduced to both sides.

(50) FIG. 5 shows the configuration of a second embodiment of the hybrid permanent anchor 100 of the present disclosure.

(51) The second embodiment of the present disclosure is the same as the first embodiment except for the configuration and operation effects of the tension part 110a, so only these are described hereafter.

(52) That is, according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure, the fastening hole 112 a of the tension part 110 a is fastened to the bolt 123 at the front end of the fixed body 120 and the first set screw 122 is fastened to the locking portion 121 at the rear end of the fixed body 120, whereby the tension part 110 a and the compression part 130 are coupled with the fixed body 120 therebetween.

(53) In particular, according to the present disclosure, the wires 113a are connected to the tension wedge 114a between the first tension body 111a and the second tension body 116a and the coil 115a is fitted in the locking grooves 117a formed on the outer surfaces of the first tension body 111a and the second tension body 116a, whereby attachment resistance of the coils 115a and grout can be increased when grout is put inside later.

(54) According to the present disclosure, the coil 115a is twisted and grout is in close contact with the groove 118a longitudinally elongated, whereby the close contact force between the coil 115a and the grout can be increased.

(55) According to the present disclosure, through-holes 119a are formed with regular intervals in the coil 115a, so when grout is put into the through-holes 119a, close contact force and attachment resistance of the coil 115a and the grout can be increased.

(56) FIG. 6 is a view schematically comparing the behaviors of the hybrid permanent anchor 100 applied to the present disclosure and compression and tension types of the related art.

(57) That is, in FIG. 6, a load acting-point was positioned at the middle of the fixed body 120 to schematically show the hybrid permanent anchor 100 applied to the present disclosure, and load acting-points were positioned at the lowermost end and the uppermost end of fixed bodies to compare behaviors of high-strength compression anchor and tension anchor of the related art, in which the magnitude of load was changed within 100 kN˜400 kN to show behaviors according to the magnitude of the load.

(58) According to the result, load on the fixed body of the compression or tension anchor of the related art is transmitted in one direction, but load is transmitted in two directions in the compression+tension (complex) anchor, so pressure decreases to ¼. Accordingly, compression force applied to milk or cement between the anchor fixed body and the ground decreases, which is advantageous in terms of permanent installation.

(59) FIG. 7 is a graph the case in which a concentrated-load generation portion is reduced to ¼ in the hybrid permanent anchor 100 applied to the present disclosure to be advantageous in terms of maintaining force for a long period.

(60) That is, in the graph of FIG. 7, the orange color is an existing (basic) compression type, the green color is an existing (basic) tension type, and the blue dotted line is the hybrid permanent anchor applied to the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 7, it can be seen that pressure decreases to ¼ around the fixed body 120 in comparison to the compression and tension types of the related art.

(61) FIG. 8 is a view comparing axial forces (fixed lengths) of the hybrid permanent anchor 100 applied to the present disclosure and a compression type of the related art.

(62) FIG. 9 is a graph showing values obtained by comparing axial forces (fixed lengths) of the hybrid permanent anchor 100 applied to the present disclosure and a compression type of the related art.

(63) It can be seen that the axial force of the permanent anchor 100 of the present disclosure decreased from 84.8 to 37.4 for 100 kN, from 184.0 to 89.4 for 200 kN, from 283.5 to 140.8 for 300 kN, and from 383.3 to 193.3 for 400 kN, as compared with the compression type of the related art.

(64) It can also be seen that the reduction ratio was 55.9% for 100 kN, 51.4% for 200 kN, 50.3% for 300 kN, and 49.6% for 400 kN.

(65) Therefore, the present disclosure has the following effects. It is possible to distribute and reduce a concentrated-load generated in a permanent anchor to ¼ using only the advantages of a tension type and a compression type; it is possible to reduce a divergence angle by dividing a concentrated load in both sides (up and down); it is possible to reduce the divergence angle of force to be advantageous in terms of maintaining the force for a long period; it is possible to prevent creep (deformation) due to long-period tension at the boundary between the free length and the fixed part; it is possible to secure stability by reducing the outer diameter and length of a permanent anchor so that the effect of the permanent anchor is increased; it is possible to prevent damage for a long period of time by distributing load at a lower fixed part when a free anchor length is tensed; it is possible to prevent breakage between concrete and an anchor; and it is possible to prevent breakage of concrete at the boundary between a tension type and a compression type.

(66) It is possible to achieve substantially the same result from the spirit of the hybrid permanent anchor of the present disclosure, and particularly, it is possible to contribute to industrial development by promoting technical development by achieving the present disclosure, so the present disclosure sufficiently deserves to be protected.