FOUNDATION FOR A TOWER STRUCTURE, TOWER FOR A WIND POWER INSTALLATION, AND WIND POWER INSTALLATION, AND ALSO METHOD FOR ESTABLISHING A FOUNDATION FOR A TOWER STRUCTURE

Abstract

A foundation for a tower structure, in particular for a tower of a wind power installation, comprising a soil improvement unit with piles and with a slab which is arranged on the piles and which has a foundation side, wherein the foundation side forms a foundation plane, and a shallow foundation which has an areal standing side for mounting onto the foundation plane, wherein the shallow foundation is arranged on the slab.

Claims

1. A foundation for a tower of a wind power installation, the foundation comprising: a soil improvement unit having: a plurality of piles, and a slab arranged on the plurality of piles and having a foundation side, wherein the foundation side forms a foundation plane, and a shallow foundation having an areal standing side for mounting onto the foundation plane, wherein the shallow foundation is arranged on the slab.

2. The foundation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the shallow foundation has a maximum extent in a width direction that is greater than a maximum extent in a height direction.

3. The foundation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the slab has: a maximum diameter of 13 meters to 31 meters, and/or a maximum thickness of 40 centimeters to 80 centimeters.

4. The foundation as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least one of the slab, the plurality of piles, or the shallow foundation comprise reinforced concrete.

5. The foundation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the slab is connected to the plurality of piles.

6. The foundation as claimed in at least one of the claim 1, wherein each pile of the plurality of piles comprises connection reinforcement extending into the slab.

7. The foundation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plurality of piles are arranged spaced apart from one another.

8. The foundation as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the slab has a connection side configured to be arranged on the plurality of piles, and the slab has a projection on the connection side.

9. The foundation as claimed in claim 8, wherein the projection has a maximum width of 50 centimeters to 80 centimeters.

10. A tower for a wind power installation, comprising the foundation as claimed in claim 1.

11. A wind power installation, comprising a tower and the foundation as claimed in claim 1.

12. A method for constructing a foundation of a tower of a wind power installation, the method comprising: preparing soil, setting up a soil improvement unit, wherein the setting up comprises: arranging a plurality of piles on the soil and introducing the plurality of piles into the soil, and arranging a slab on the plurality of piles, and arranging a shallow foundation on the slab.

13. The method as claimed in claim 12, wherein preparing soil comprises at least one of: excavating soil, and/or creating a flat surface.

14. The method as claimed in claim 12, wherein arranging the slab on the plurality of piles comprises: exposing connection reinforcement of the plurality of piles, arranging the slab on the plurality of piles, wherein the slab comprises a cutout configured to receive the connection reinforcement, filling the cutout with casting material, and allowing the casting material to cure.

15. The method as claimed in claim 14, wherein the exposing the connection reinforcement comprises cutting into the plurality of piles.

16. The foundation as claimed in claim 8, wherein the projection has a maximum thickness of approximately 55 centimeters.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS

[0102] Preferred exemplary embodiments will be discussed by way of example on the basis of the appended figures. In the figures:

[0103] FIG. 1 shows a three-dimensional view of a wind power installation with a foundation, with a tower and with a nacelle;

[0104] FIG. 2 shows a design drawing of a first exemplary embodiment of a foundation;

[0105] FIG. 3 shows a design drawing of a second exemplary embodiment of a foundation;

[0106] FIG. 4 shows an exemplary illustration of a soil improvement unit;

[0107] FIG. 5 shows an exemplary illustration of a pile, in particular of a pile head, with connection reinforcement;

[0108] FIG. 6 shows an exemplary illustration of a pile with exposed connection reinforcement;

[0109] FIG. 7 shows exemplary method steps for constructing a foundation of a tower structure; and

[0110] FIG. 8 shows exemplary method steps for arranging the slab on the piles.

[0111] In the figures, identical or substantially functionally identical or similar elements are denoted by the same reference signs.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0112] FIG. 1 shows a three-dimensional view of a wind power installation 100. The wind power installation 100 has a tower 102 and a nacelle 104 on the tower 102. An aerodynamic rotor 106 having three rotor blades 108 and having a spinner 110 is provided on the nacelle 104. During the operation of the wind power installation, the aerodynamic rotor 106 is set in rotational motion by the wind and thereby also rotates an electrodynamic rotor or runner of a generator, which is coupled directly or indirectly to the aerodynamic rotor 106. The electric generator is arranged in the nacelle 104 and generates electrical energy. The pitch angle of the rotor blades 108 can be changed by pitch motors at the rotor blade roots of the respective rotor blades 108. The tower 102 of the wind power installation 100 is erected on a foundation 120, which comprises a soil improvement unit and a shallow foundation.

[0113] FIGS. 2 and 3 each show a foundation 120 with a soil improvement unit 200, which comprises piles 210 and a slab 220 arranged on the piles 210, and a shallow foundation 300. According to the examples shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the piles 210 are introduced into the soil 602, so that they extend into the soil 602. Here, the piles 210 are arranged spaced apart from one another. The spacing may preferably be configured to be uniform. Alternatively, it is possible for example for some of the piles 210 to be spaced apart uniformly from one another and for other piles 210 to have a larger and/or a smaller distance from adjacent piles 210. In particular, the piles 210 may be spaced apart from one another in a manner dependent on loads to be expected.

[0114] FIGS. 2 and 3 furthermore each show a slab 220, which has a connection side 222 and a foundation side 221. The connection side 222 of the slab 220 is arranged on the piles 210. The foundation side 221 is formed opposite the connection side 222 and forms the foundation plane of the slab 220. According to these exemplary embodiments, the foundation side 221 is aligned with a ground top edge 601. Alternatively, it is possible for example for the foundation side 221 to also be arranged below and/or above the ground top edge 601.

[0115] The foundation plane may preferably be of areal and/or planar form, in order for it to be possible for an areal standing side 310 of the shallow foundation 300 to be arranged thereon. The shallow foundation 300, according to the exemplary embodiments in FIGS. 1 and 2, is arranged on the foundation side 221 of the slab 220 and thus above the ground top edge 601. FIGS. 2 and 3 furthermore each show a soil deposit 603, which is deposited on the soil 602 so as to surround a large part of the shallow foundation 300. In this way, the shallow foundation can be additionally stabilized.

[0116] FIG. 2 shows an exemplary configuration of a foundation for a concrete or hybrid tower. Here, the slab 220 may preferably have a thickness 2202 of at least 40 cm to at most 80 cm. Preferably, the slab 220 may be in the form of a reinforced concrete slab. The slab 220 may preferably have a diameter 2201 of between at least 13 m and at most 30 m. Furthermore, the shallow foundation may have a maximum outer diameter 3001 preferably of between at least 12 m and at most 30 m. The maximum inner diameter 3002 may preferably be greater than 5 m.

[0117] According to this exemplary embodiment, a tower 102 for a wind power installation 100 may be in the form of a concrete or hybrid tower. In this case, the tower may preferably have a maximum diameter of between 6 m and 13.50 m. The tower 102 is arranged on the shallow foundation 300, wherein the shallow foundation 300 has a section provided for this purpose, which is not covered by the soil deposit 603.

[0118] FIG. 3 shows an exemplary configuration of a foundation for a steel tower. Here, the slab 220 may preferably have a thickness 2202 of at least 40 cm to at most 80 cm. Preferably, the slab 220 may be in the form of a reinforced concrete slab. The slab 220 may preferably have a diameter 2201 of between at least 13 m and at most 30 m. Furthermore, the shallow foundation may have a maximum outer diameter 3001 preferably of between at least 12 m and at most 30 m. The maximum inner diameter 3002 may preferably be greater than 2.20 m.

[0119] According to this exemplary embodiment, a tower 102 for a wind power installation 100 may be in the form of a steel tower. In this case, the tower may preferably have a maximum diameter of between 4 m and 4.90 m. The tower 102 is arranged on the shallow foundation 300, wherein the shallow foundation 300 has a section provided for this purpose, which is not covered by the soil deposit 603.

[0120] FIG. 4 shows a configuration of a soil improvement unit 200 in the state of installation in the soil 602. Here, the soil improvement unit 200 has a slab 220 with a foundation side 221 and with a connection side 222. According to this configuration, projections 223 are formed on the connection side 222 of the slab 220. The projections 223 extend in the direction of the piles 210, on which the slab 220 is arranged. In this case, the slab 220 is arranged on the piles 210 in such a way that an end surface of the projections 223 adjoins the piles 210, preferably that the end surfaces of the projections 223, with the upper ends of the piles 210, are concreted together with the slab 220. In FIG. 5, the projections have a width 2231 and a thickness 2232.

[0121] FIG. 5 shows an exemplary illustration of an arrangement of reinforcement 211 within a pile 210. For illustrative purposes, a cross section of a pile 210 that extends vertically with respect to a longitudinal axis 2100 of the pile is illustrated at the top of FIG. 5. By contrast, a cross section of a pile 210 that extends parallel to the longitudinal axis of the pile is shown at the bottom of FIG. 5. In particular, the section A in the illustration at the top of FIG. 5 is shown at the bottom of FIG. 5.

[0122] Here, the reinforcement 211 is configured as a three-dimensional strut construction comprising vertical struts 2111, horizontal struts 2112 and connecting struts 2113. In this way, the pile 210, in particular the load-bearing behavior, can be strengthened, and in particular compressive, tensile and bending forces can be absorbed.

[0123] FIG. 6 illustrates a pile 210 with exposed connection reinforcement 2114. According to this exemplary embodiment, the connection reinforcement 2114 is configured as longitudinal reinforcement which extends substantially vertically. In this case, the struts of the connection reinforcement 2114 are arranged spaced apart from one another, so that exposure of said connection reinforcement 2114 is possible without the struts being damaged.

[0124] The configuration of a pile 210 with connection reinforcement 2114 allows the slab to be connected to the pile through the extension of the struts of the connection reinforcement 2114 into the slab, which is arranged on the pile 210.

[0125] FIG. 7 furthermore illustrates exemplary method steps for constructing a foundation of a tower structure. According to the exemplary method here, firstly preparing soil 510 on which the foundation is to be erected is realized. In this case, preparing soil 510 comprises the step of excavating soil 511 and the step of creating a flat worked surface 512. Here, soil is excavated to such an extent that the foundation, in particular the soil improvement unit, can be placed in the soil excavation. After excavating soil 511, creating the flat worked surface 512 is realized. Preferably, it is consequently possible for a substantially horizontal construction base to be provided and at the same time for the soil to be compacted. In a next method step, setting up a soil improvement unit 520 is realized. In this case, setting up the soil improvement unit 520 comprises the steps of arranging piles on the soil 521, of introducing the piles into the soil 522 and of arranging a slab on the piles 523. After the soil improvement unit 25 has been erected, the method step of arranging a shallow foundation on the slab 524 follows.

[0126] FIG. 8 illustrates, as a supplement to FIG. 7, detailed method steps for arranging the slab on the piles. Firstly, exposing connection reinforcement of the piles 5231 is realized. This can preferably occur through hydraulic cutting. Subsequently, arranging the slab on the piles 5232 may be realized, wherein the slab preferably comprises cutouts for this purpose, in order to be able to receive the exposed connection reinforcement of the piles. For connecting the slab to the piles, in particular to the connection reinforcement, filling the cutout with casting material 5233 and allowing the casting material to cure 5234 are realized.

[0127] The foundation and/or the tower structure and/or the wind power installation and/or the method for constructing a foundation have various advantages. In particular, it is consequently possible for foundations to be produced in a simple and/or cost-effective manner. Furthermore, such foundations can be used independently of soil condition and/or ambient conditions. In particular, in the case of such foundations, it is also the case that reliable dissipation into the soil of loads which occur can be ensured and, at the same time, the reliability of long-term stability of a structure can be increased.

LIST OF REFERENCE SIGNS

[0128] 100 Wind power installation [0129] 102 Tower [0130] 104 Nacelle [0131] 106 Aerodynamic rotor [0132] 108 Rotor blades [0133] 110 Spinner [0134] 120 Foundation [0135] 200 Soil improvement unit [0136] 210 Piles [0137] 211 Reinforcement [0138] 220 Slab [0139] 221 Foundation side [0140] 222 Connection side [0141] 223 Projection [0142] 300 Shallow foundation [0143] 310 Standing side [0144] 400 Connection reinforcement [0145] 510 Preparing soil [0146] 511 Excavating soil [0147] 512 Creating a flat worked surface [0148] 520 Setting up a soil improvement unit [0149] 521 Arranging piles [0150] 522 Introducing piles [0151] 523 Arranging a slab [0152] 524 Arranging a shallow foundation [0153] 601 Ground top edge [0154] 602 Soil [0155] 603 Soil deposit [0156] 2100 Longitudinal axis of a pile [0157] 2111 Vertical struts [0158] 2112 Horizontal struts [0159] 2113 Connecting struts [0160] 2114 Connection reinforcement [0161] 2201 Diameter of the slab [0162] 2202 Thickness of the slab [0163] 2231 Maximum width of the projection [0164] 2232 Maximum thickness of the projection [0165] 3001 Outer diameter of the shallow foundation [0166] 3002 Inner diameter of the shallow foundation [0167] 5231 Exposing connection reinforcement [0168] 5232 Mounting the slab [0169] 5233 Filling a cutout with casting material [0170] 5234 Allowing casting material to cure