Coreless Rolls of a Tissue Paper Product and Methods of Manufacturing Coreless Rolls

Abstract

Disclosed is a coreless roll of a tissue paper product having a first end and a second end and having an outer diameter in the range of 95 to 150 mm, a web of tissue paper product being wound to define an axially extending inner hole centrally positioned relative to the coreless roll such that the first end is located on the outer side of the coreless roll and the second end is located at the inner hole, a diameter of the inner hole being 20-50 mm, a density of the coreless roll is being 80-160 160 kg/m.sup.3, and a caliper ratio of the roll being 10%-80%, the tissue paper product including between two and six plies, wherein at least one of the plies is an embossed ply, and the plies are ply-bonded, the grammage of the tissue paper product is in a range of 24 g/m2 to 125 g/m2.

Claims

1. A coreless roll of a tissue paper product, such as toilet paper, made of a spirally wound continuous web of tissue paper product having a first end and a second end, the web of tissue paper product being wound such as to define an axially extending inner hole centrally positioned relative to the coreless roll and such that the first end is located on the outer side of the coreless roll and the second end is located at the inner hole, wherein the tissue paper product comprises two plies of Conventional Wet Press paper (CWP), a total number of plies of the tissue paper product is two, at least one of the plies is an embossed ply, and wherein the two plies are ply-bonded, optionally with an adhesive, such as lamination glue, and/or with mechanical bonding, such as edge embossing, wherein the grammage of the tissue paper product is in a range of 24 g/m.sup.2 to 50 g/m.sup.2, optionally 30 g/m.sup.2 to 45 g/m.sup.2, wherein the coreless roll has an outer diameter in the range of 95 to 150 mm, a diameter of the inner hole is in the range of 20 to 50 mm, and a density of the coreless roll is in a range of 80 to 160 kg/m.sup.3, wherein a caliper ratio of the roll is in a range of 30% to 80%, the caliper ratio (c.sub.s−c.sub.t)/c.sub.t being obtained by dividing a difference between a standard caliper c.sub.s of the tissue paper product as defined by the standard ISO-12625-3 and a theoretical caliper c.sub.t of the tissue paper product by the theoretical caliper c.sub.t, and the theoretical caliper c.sub.t being defined as a ratio between a grammage of the tissue paper product and the density of the roll.

2. The coreless roll of a tissue paper product of claim 1, wherein the caliper of the tissue paper product is at least 0.35 mm, optionally at least 0.40 mm, or at least 0.45 mm.

3. The coreless roll of a tissue paper product of claim 1 or 2, the two plies being a first ply and a second ply, wherein the first ply comprises first embossments with a first height (h1), the first height (h1) being in a range of 0.2 mm to 2.0 mm, wherein the adhesive, such as lamination glue, is optionally applied to tips of the first embossments of the first ply, wherein the second ply comprises second embossments with a second height (h2), the second height (h2) being in a range of 0.2 mm to 2.0 mm, and wherein the first ply optionally comprises third embossments with a third height (h3) smaller than the first height (h1) (h1>h3).

4. The coreless roll of a tissue paper product of claim 3, wherein the first embossments have been formed by a first heated embossing roll and, optionally, the third embossments have been formed by the first heated embossing roll, and/or wherein the second embossments have been formed by a second heated embossing roll, and/or wherein the third embossments have been formed by a third heated embossing roll, and/or wherein, optionally, the first ply has been moistened, prior to having been embossed, with an amount of liquid, such as water, in the range of 2% to 12% of the basis weight of the first ply, or optionally 4% to 10% of the basis weight of the first ply, wherein the liquid optionally is provided with one or several additives, or wherein the first ply has not been moistened with a liquid prior to having been embossed.

5. A coreless roll of a tissue paper product, such as toilet paper, made of a spirally wound continuous web of tissue paper product having a first end and a second end, the web of tissue paper product being wound such as to define an axially extending inner hole centrally positioned relative to the coreless roll and such that the first end is located on the outer side of the coreless roll and the second end is located at the inner hole, wherein the tissue paper product comprises three plies of Conventional Wet Press paper (CWP), a total number of plies of the tissue paper product is three, at least one of the plies is an embossed ply, and wherein the three plies are ply-bonded, optionally with an adhesive, such as lamination glue, and/or with mechanical bonding, such as edge embossing, wherein the grammage of the tissue paper product is in a range of 34 g/m.sup.2 to 65 g/m.sup.2, optionally 40 g/m.sup.2 to 63 g/m.sup.2, or 45 g/m.sup.2 to 60 g/m.sup.2, wherein the coreless roll has an outer diameter in the range of 95 to 150 mm, a diameter of the inner hole is in the range of 20 to 50 mm, and a density of the coreless roll is in a range of 110 to 170 kg/m.sup.3, wherein a caliper ratio of the roll is in a range of 20% to 60%, the caliper ratio (c.sub.s−c.sub.t)/c.sub.t being obtained by dividing a difference between a standard caliper c.sub.s of the tissue paper product as defined by the standard ISO-12625-3 and a theoretical caliper c.sub.t of the tissue paper product by the theoretical caliper c.sub.t, and the theoretical caliper c.sub.t being defined as a ratio between a grammage of the tissue paper product and the density of the roll.

6. The coreless roll of a tissue paper product of claim 5, wherein the caliper of the tissue paper product is at least 0.40 mm, optionally at least 0.45 mm, or at least 0.50 mm.

7. The coreless roll of a tissue paper product of claim 5 or 6, the three plies being a first ply, a second ply, and a third ply, wherein the third ply is positioned between the first ply and the second ply, wherein the first ply comprises first embossments with a first height (h1), the first height (h1) being in a range of 0.2 mm to 2.0 mm, wherein the adhesive, such as lamination glue, is optionally applied to tips of the first embossments of the first ply, wherein the second ply comprises second embossments with a second height (h2), the second height (h2) being in a range of 0.2 mm to 2.0 mm, and wherein the first ply optionally comprises third embossments with a third height (h3) smaller than the first height (h1) (h1>h3).

8. The coreless roll of a tissue paper product of claim 7, wherein the third ply is unembossed.

9. The coreless roll of a tissue paper product of claim 7 or 8, wherein the first ply and the third ply have been embossed together to form the first embossments on the first ply and the third ply, and wherein, optionally, the third embossments have been formed only on the first ply but not on the third ply, or, wherein, optionally, the first ply and the third ply have been embossed together to form the third embossments on the first ply and the third ply.

10. The coreless roll of a tissue paper product of claim 7, wherein the third ply comprises fourth embossments with a fourth height (h4), the fourth height (h4) being in a range of 0.2 mm to 2.0 mm, and wherein the third ply has been embossed separately from the first ply and the second ply, wherein, optionally, the fourth embossments have been formed by a fourth heated embossing roll.

11. The coreless roll of a tissue paper product of any one of the claims 7 to 10, wherein the first embossments have been formed by a first heated embossing roll, and/or. wherein the second embossments have been formed by a second heated embossing roll, and/or, wherein the third embossments have been formed by the first heated embossing roll or a third heated embossing roll, and/or wherein, optionally, the first ply has been moistened, prior to having been embossed, with an amount of liquid, such as water, in the range of 2% to 12% of the basis weight of the first ply, or optionally 4% to 10% of the basis weight of the first ply, wherein the liquid optionally is provided with one or several additives, or wherein the first ply has not been moistened with a liquid prior to having been embossed.

12. A coreless roll of a tissue paper product, such as toilet paper, made of a spirally wound continuous web of tissue paper product having a first end and a second end, the web of tissue paper product being wound such as to define an axially extending inner hole centrally positioned relative to the coreless roll and such that the first end is located on the outer side of the coreless roll and the second end is located at the inner hole, wherein the tissue paper product comprises four plies of Conventional Wet Press paper (CWP), a total number of plies of the tissue paper product is four, at least one of the plies is an embossed ply, and wherein the four plies are ply-bonded, optionally with an adhesive, such as lamination glue, and/or with mechanical bonding, such as edge embossing, the grammage of the tissue paper product is in a range of 55 g/m.sup.2 to 95 g/m.sup.2, or optionally 60 g/m.sup.2 to 80 g/m.sup.2, wherein the coreless roll has an outer diameter in the range of 95 to 150 mm, a diameter of the inner hole is in the range of 20 to 50 mm, and a density of the coreless roll is in a range of 120 to 160 kg/m.sup.3, wherein a caliper ratio of the roll is in a range of 12% to 40%, the caliper ratio (c.sub.s−c.sub.t)/c.sub.t being obtained by dividing a difference between a standard caliper c.sub.s of the tissue paper product as defined by the standard ISO-12625-3 and a theoretical caliper c.sub.t of the tissue paper product by the theoretical caliper c.sub.t, and the theoretical caliper c.sub.t being defined as a ratio between a grammage of the tissue paper product and the density of the roll.

13. The coreless roll of a tissue paper product of claim 12, wherein the caliper of the tissue paper product is at least 0.55 mm, optionally at least 0.60 mm, or at least 0.65 mm.

14. The coreless roll of a tissue paper product of claim 12 or 13, the four plies being a first ply, a second ply, a third ply, and a fourth ply, wherein the first ply and the second ply are outermost plies of the tissue paper product, wherein the first ply comprises first embossments with a first height (h1), the first height (h1) being in a range of 0.2 mm to 2.0 mm, wherein the adhesive, such as lamination glue, is optionally applied to tips of the first embossments of the first ply, wherein the second ply comprises second embossments with a second height (h2), the second height (h2) being in a range of 0.2 mm to 2.0 mm, and wherein the first ply optionally comprises third embossments with a third height (h3) smaller than the first height (h1) (h1>h3).

15. The coreless roll of a tissue paper product of claim 14, wherein the first ply and the third ply have been embossed together to form the first embossments on the first ply and the third ply, wherein the fourth ply is unembossed or has been embossed separately from the first ply, the second ply, and the third ply to form fourth embossments, the fourth embossments optionally having been embossed by a fourth heated embossing roll, and wherein the third embossments have optionally been formed only on the first ply but not on the third ply, or wherein the first ply and the third ply have been embossed together to form the third embossments on the first ply and the third ply.

16. The coreless roll of a tissue paper product of claim 14, wherein the first ply, the third ply, and the fourth ply have been embossed together to form the first embossments on the first ply, the third ply, and the fourth ply, and wherein, optionally, the first ply, the third ply, and the fourth ply have been embossed together to form the third embossments on the first ply, the third ply, and the fourth ply, or wherein, optionally, the third embossments have been formed on the first ply and the third ply, but not on the fourth ply, or wherein, optionally, the third embossments have been formed on the first ply, but not on the third ply and the fourth ply.

17. The coreless roll of a tissue paper product of claim 14, wherein the third ply and the fourth ply have been embossed together separately from the first ply and the second ply, or wherein one of the third ply and the fourth ply has been separately embossed from the first ply and the second ply, and the other one of the third ply and the fourth ply is unembossed, or wherein the third ply and the fourth ply are unembossed.

18. The coreless roll of a tissue paper product of claim 14, wherein the first ply and the third ply have been embossed together to form the first embossments on the first ply and the third ply, wherein the fourth ply and the second ply have been embossed together to form the second embossments on the fourth ply and the second ply, and wherein, optionally, the first ply and the third ply have been embossed together to form the third embossments on the first ply and the third ply, or wherein the third embossments have been formed only on the first ply but not on the third ply.

19. The coreless roll of a tissue paper product of any one of the claims 14 to 18, wherein the first embossments have been formed by a first heated embossing roll, and/or. wherein the second embossments have been formed by a second heated embossing roll, and/or, wherein the third embossments have been formed by the first heated embossing roll or a third heated embossing roll, and/or, wherein, optionally, the first ply has been moistened, prior to having been embossed, with an amount of liquid, such as water, in the range of 2% to 12% of the basis weight of the first ply, or optionally 4% to 10% of the basis weight of the first ply, wherein the liquid optionally is provided with one or several additives, or wherein the first ply has not been moistened with a liquid prior to having been embossed.

20. A coreless roll of a tissue paper product, such as toilet paper, made of a spirally wound continuous web of tissue paper product having a first end and a second end, the web of tissue paper product being wound such as to define an axially extending inner hole centrally positioned relative to the coreless roll and such that the first end is located on the outer side of the coreless roll and the second end is located at the inner hole, wherein the tissue paper product comprises five or six plies of Conventional Wet Press paper (CWP), a total number of plies of the tissue paper product is five or six, at least one of the plies is an embossed ply, and wherein the five or six plies are ply-bonded, optionally with an adhesive, such as lamination glue, and/or with mechanical bonding, such as edge embossing, wherein the grammage of the tissue paper product is in a range of 65 g/m.sup.2 to 125 g/m.sup.2, or optionally 65 g/m.sup.2 to 100 g/m.sup.2, wherein the coreless roll has an outer diameter in the range of 95 to 150 mm, a diameter of the inner hole is in the range of 20 to 50 mm, and a density of the coreless roll is in a range of 130 to 160 kg/m.sup.3, wherein a caliper ratio of the roll is in a range of 10% to 25%, the caliper ratio (c.sub.s−c.sub.t)/c.sub.t being obtained by dividing a difference between a standard caliper c.sub.s of the tissue paper product as defined by the standard ISO-12625-3 and a theoretical caliper c.sub.t of the tissue paper product by the theoretical caliper c.sub.t, and the theoretical caliper c.sub.t being defined as a ratio between a grammage of the tissue paper product and the density of the roll.

21. The coreless roll of a tissue paper product of claim 20, wherein the caliper of the tissue paper product is at least 0.65 mm, optionally at least 0.70 mm or at least 0.75 mm.

22. The coreless roll of a tissue paper product of claim 20 or 21, wherein at least one of the outermost plies of the tissue paper product comprises first embossments with a first height (h1), the first height (h1) being in a range of 0.2 mm to 2.0 mm, wherein the adhesive, such as lamination glue, is optionally applied to tips of the first embossments of the first ply, wherein the other one of the outermost plies of the tissue paper product comprises second embossments with a second height (h2), the second height (h2) being in a range of 0.2 mm to 2.0 mm, wherein, optionally, first embossments have been formed by a first heated embossing roll, and/or the second embossments have been formed by a second heated embossing roll, wherein the first ply optionally comprises third embossments with a third height (h3) smaller than the first height (h1) (h1>h3).

23. The coreless roll of a tissue paper product of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the coreless roll has a radial compression strength of 20 N or more, optionally of 25 N or more, or of 30 N or more.

24. A coreless roll of a tissue paper product, such as toilet paper, made of a spirally wound continuous web of tissue paper product having a first end and a second end, the web of tissue paper product being wound such as to define an axially extending inner hole centrally positioned relative to the coreless roll and such that the first end is located on the outer side of the coreless roll and the second end is located at the inner hole, wherein the tissue paper product comprises at least two plies, wherein a total number of plies of the tissue paper product is between 2 and 6, all of the plies being plies of Conventional Wet Press paper (CWP), and wherein at least one of the plies is an embossed ply, wherein the plies of the tissue paper product are ply-bonded, optionally with an adhesive, such as lamination glue, and/or with mechanical bonding, such as edge embossing, wherein the coreless roll has an outer diameter in the range of 95 to 150 mm, a diameter of the inner hole being in the range of 20 to 50 mm, and a density of the coreless roll being in a range of 80 to 160 kg/m.sup.3, wherein a caliper ratio of the roll is in a range of 30%-80% if the total number of plies is 2, the caliper ratio of the roll is in a range of 20%-60% if the total number of plies is 3, the caliper ratio of the roll is in a range of 12%-30% if the total number of plies is 4, and the caliper ratio of the roll is in a range of 10%-25% if the total number of plies is 5 or 6, the caliper ratio (c.sub.s−c.sub.t)/c.sub.t being obtained by dividing a difference between a standard caliper c.sub.s of the tissue paper product as defined by the standard ISO-12625-3 and a theoretical caliper c.sub.t of the tissue paper product by the theoretical caliper c.sub.t, the theoretical caliper c.sub.t being defined as a ratio between a grammage of the tissue paper product and the density of the roll, wherein the coreless roll has a radial compression strength of 20 N or more, optionally of 25 N or more, or of 30 N or more, and wherein all of the plies of the tissue paper product are made of Conventional Wet Press (CWP) paper.

25. The coreless roll of a tissue paper product of any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least a part of an innermost circumvolution, optionally the entire innermost circumvolution, of the absorbent material of the coreless roll at the second end comprises a stabilizing coating composition.

26. A method of manufacturing a coreless roll of a tissue paper product, such as toilet paper, the tissue paper product being made of two plies, the method comprising the steps of: providing two plies of Conventional Wet Press paper (CWP) and embossing at least one of the two plies; ply-bonding the two plies, optionally with an adhesive, such as a lamination glue, and/or with mechanical bonding, such as edge embossing, to form a tissue paper product with a grammage in a range of 24 g/m.sup.2 to 50 g/m.sup.2, optionally 30 g/m.sup.2 to 45 g/m.sup.2, and a caliper ratio in a range of 30% to 80%; spirally winding up the tissue paper product on a mandrel to form a coreless roll and to define an axially extending inner hole facing the mandrel, with a first end of the tissue paper product being located on the outer side of the coreless roll and the second end being located at the inner hole; and withdrawing the mandrel; wherein the coreless roll comprises an outer diameter in the range of 95 to 150 mm and a diameter of the inner hole is in the range of 20 to 50 mm, and the density of the coreless roll lies in a range of 80 to 160 kg/m.sup.3, a caliper of the formed tissue paper product optionally being at least 0.35 mm, or at least 0.40 mm, or at least 0.45 mm.

27. The method of manufacturing a coreless roll of a tissue paper product of claim 26, the two provided plies being a first ply and a second ply, and the method comprising the steps of: embossing the first ply with a first embossing roll with first embossing protrusions to form first embossments with a first height (h1) in a range of 0.2 mm to 2.0 mm; embossing the second ply with a second embossing roll with second embossing protrusions to form second embossments with a second height (h2) in a range of 0.2 mm to 2.0 mm; and wherein, optionally, the first embossing roll also comprises third embossing protrusions and the step of embossing the first ply forms first and third embossments on the third ply, or, wherein the method optionally comprises a step of embossing the first ply with a third embossing roll with third embossing protrusions to form third embossments.

28. A method of manufacturing a coreless roll of a tissue paper product, such as toilet paper, the tissue paper product being made of three plies, the method comprising the steps of: providing three plies of Conventional Wet Press paper (CWP) and embossing at least one of the three plies; ply-bonding the three plies, optionally with an adhesive, such as a lamination glue, and/or with mechanical bonding, such as edge embossing, to form a tissue paper product with a grammage in a range of 34 g/m.sup.2 to 65 g/m.sup.2, optionally 40 g/m.sup.2 to 63 g/m.sup.2, or 45 g/m.sup.2 to 60 g/m.sup.2 and a caliper ratio in a range of 20% to 60%; spirally winding up the tissue paper product on a mandrel to form a coreless roll and to define an axially extending inner hole facing the mandrel, with a first end of the tissue paper product being located on the outer side of the coreless roll and the second end being located at the inner hole; and withdrawing the mandrel; wherein the coreless roll comprises an outer diameter in the range of 95 to 150 mm and a diameter of the inner hole is in the range of 20 to 50 mm, and the density of the coreless roll lies in a range of 110 to 170 kg/m.sup.3, a caliper of the formed tissue paper product optionally being at least 0.40 mm, optionally at least 0.45 mm, or at least 0.50 mm.

29. The method of manufacturing a coreless roll of a tissue paper product of claim 28, the three provided plies being a first ply, a second ply, and a third ply, and the method comprising the steps of: embossing the first ply with a first embossing roll with first embossing protrusions to form first embossments with a first height (h1) in a range of 0.2 mm to 2.0 mm; embossing the second ply with a second embossing roll with second embossing protrusions to form second embossments with a second height (h2) in a range of 0.2 mm to 2.0 mm; wherein the first, second, and third plies are ply-bonded such that the third ply is located between the first ply and the second ply; and wherein, optionally, the first embossing roll also comprises third embossing protrusions and the step of embossing the first ply forms first and third embossments on the third ply, or wherein the method optionally comprises a step of embossing the first ply with a third embossing roll with third embossing protrusions to form third embossments.

30. The method of manufacturing a coreless roll of a tissue paper product of claim 29, wherein the third ply is not embossed.

31. The method of manufacturing a coreless roll of a tissue paper product of claim 29, wherein the first ply and third ply are embossed together using the first embossing roll to form the first embossments on the first ply and the third ply, wherein the third embossments are optionally formed only on the first ply but not on the third ply, or wherein the first ply and the third ply are embossed together to form the third embossments on the first ply and the third ply.

32. The method of manufacturing a coreless roll of a tissue paper product of claim 29, the method comprising a step of forming fourth embossments with a fourth height (h4) on the third ply with a fourth embossing roll, the fourth height (h4) being in a range of 0.2 mm to 2.0 mm, and wherein the third ply is embossed separately from the first ply and the second ply, wherein, optionally, the fourth embossments are formed by a fourth heated embossing roll.

33. The method of manufacturing a coreless roll of a tissue paper product of any one of the claims 28 to 32, wherein the first embossments are formed by a first heated embossing roll, and/or. wherein the second embossments are formed by a second heated embossing roll, and/or, wherein the third embossments are formed by the first heated embossing roll or a third heated embossing roll.

34. A method of manufacturing a coreless roll of a tissue paper product, such as toilet paper, the tissue paper product being made of four plies, the method comprising the steps of: providing four plies of Conventional Wet Press paper (CWP) and embossing at least one of the four plies; ply-bonding the four plies, optionally with an adhesive, such as a lamination glue, and/or with mechanical bonding, such as edge embossing, to form a tissue paper product with a grammage in a range of 55 g/m.sup.2 to 95 g/m.sup.2, or optionally 60 g/m.sup.2 to 80 g/m.sup.2, and a caliper ratio in a range of 12% to 40%; spirally winding up the tissue paper product on a mandrel to form a coreless roll and to define an axially extending inner hole facing the mandrel, with a first end of the tissue paper product being located on the outer side of the coreless roll and the second end being located at the inner hole; and withdrawing the mandrel; wherein the coreless roll comprises an outer diameter in the range of 95 to 150 mm and a diameter of the inner hole is in the range of 20 to 50 mm, and the density of the coreless roll lies in a range of 120 to 160 kg/m.sup.3, a caliper of the formed tissue paper product optionally being at least 0.55 mm, or at least 0.60 mm, or at least 0.65 mm.

35. The method of manufacturing a coreless roll of a tissue paper product of claim 34, the four provided plies being a first ply, a second ply, a third ply, and a fourth ply, and the method comprising the steps of: embossing the first ply with a first embossing roll with first embossing protrusions to form first embossments with a first height (h1) in a range of 0.2 mm to 2.0 mm; embossing the second ply with a second embossing roll with second embossing protrusions to form second embossments with a second height (h2) in a range of 0.2 mm to 2.0 mm; wherein the first ply, the second ply, the third ply, and the fourth ply are ply-bonded such that the third ply and the fourth ply are located between the first ply and the second ply; and wherein, optionally, the first embossing roll optionally also comprises third embossing protrusions and the step of embossing the first ply forms first and third embossments on the third ply, or wherein the method optionally comprises a step of embossing the first ply with a third embossing roll with third embossing protrusions to form third embossments.

36. The method of manufacturing a coreless roll of a tissue paper product of claim 35, the method comprising the step of embossing the first ply and third ply together using the first embossing roll to form the first embossments on the first ply and the third ply, wherein the third embossments are optionally formed only on the first ply but not on the third ply, or wherein the first ply and the third ply are optionally embossed together to form the third embossments on the first ply and the third ply.

37. The method of manufacturing a coreless roll of a tissue paper product of claim 35, wherein the first ply and the third ply are embossed together to form the first embossments on the first ply and the third ply, wherein the fourth ply is unembossed or embossed separately from the first ply, the third ply, and the second ply, and wherein the third embossments are optionally formed only on the first ply but not on the third ply, or wherein the first ply and the third ply are optionally embossed together to form the third embossments on the first ply and the third ply.

38. The method of manufacturing a coreless roll of a tissue paper product of claim 35, wherein the first ply, the third ply, and the fourth ply are embossed together to form the first embossments on the first ply, the third ply, and the fourth ply, and wherein, optionally, the first ply, the third ply, and the fourth ply are embossed together to form the third embossments on the first ply, the third ply, and the fourth ply, or wherein, optionally, the third embossments are formed on the first ply and the third ply, but not on the fourth ply, or wherein, optionally, the third embossments are optionally formed on the first ply, but not on the third ply and the fourth ply.

39. The method of manufacturing a coreless roll of a tissue paper product of claim 35, wherein the third ply and the fourth ply are embossed together separately from the first ply and the second ply, or wherein one of the third ply and the fourth ply is separately embossed from the first ply and the second ply, and the method does not comprise a step of embossing the other one of the third ply and the fourth ply, or wherein the method does not comprise a step of embossing the third ply and does not comprise a step of embossing the fourth ply.

40. The method of manufacturing a coreless roll of a tissue paper product of claim 35, wherein the first ply and the third ply are embossed together to form the first embossments on the first ply and the third ply, wherein the fourth ply and the second ply are embossed together to form the second embossments on the fourth ply and the second ply, and wherein, optionally, the first ply and the third ply are embossed together to form the third embossments on the first ply and the third ply, or wherein the third embossments are optionally formed only on the first ply but not on the third ply.

41. The method of manufacturing a coreless roll of a tissue paper product of claim 35, wherein the first embossments are formed by a first heated embossing roll, and/or. wherein the second embossments are formed by a second heated embossing roll, and/or, wherein the third embossments are formed by the first heated embossing roll or a third heated embossing roll.

42. A method of manufacturing a coreless roll of a tissue paper product, such as toilet paper, the tissue paper product being made of five or six plies, the method comprising the steps of: providing five or six plies of Conventional Wet Press paper (CWP) and embossing at least one of the five or six plies; ply-bonding the five or six plies, optionally with an adhesive, such as a lamination glue, and/or with mechanical bonding, such as edge embossing, to form a tissue paper product with a grammage in a range of 65 g/m.sup.2 to 125 g/m.sup.2, optionally a range of 65 g/m.sup.2 to 100 g/m.sup.2, and a caliper ratio in a range of 10% to 25%; spirally winding up the tissue paper product on a mandrel to form a coreless roll and to define an axially extending inner hole facing the mandrel, with a first end of the tissue paper product being located on the outer side of the coreless roll and the second end being located at the inner hole; and withdrawing the mandrel; wherein the coreless roll comprises an outer diameter in the range of 95 to 150 mm and a diameter of the inner hole is in the range of 20 to 50 mm, and the density of the coreless roll lies in a range of 130 to 160 kg/m.sup.3, a caliper of the formed tissue paper product optionally being at least 0.65 mm, or at least 0.70 mm, or at least 0.75 mm.

43. The method of manufacturing a coreless roll of a tissue paper product of any one of the claims 26 to 42, wherein the method comprises the step of coating at least a part of an innermost circumvolution, optionally the entire innermost circumvolution, of the tissue paper product of the coreless roll at the second end with a stabilizing coating composition.

44. A coreless roll of a tissue paper product manufactured according to the method of any one of the claims 26 to 43.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0199] For a better understanding of the present disclosure and to show how the same may be carried into effect, reference will now be made, by way of example only, to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0200] The description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0201] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a coreless roll in accordance with the present disclosure;

[0202] FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of (a part of) and embodiment of a manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing a coreless roll in accordance with the present disclosure with a first embodiment of a method in accordance with the present disclosure;

[0203] FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of (a part of) and embodiment of a manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing a coreless roll in accordance with the present disclosure with a second embodiment of a method in accordance with the present disclosure;

[0204] FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of (a part of) and embodiment of a manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing a coreless roll in accordance with the present disclosure with a third embodiment of a method in accordance with the present disclosure; and

[0205] FIGS. 5-25 depict embodiments of tissue paper products which are constituents of coreless rolls in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0206] FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a coreless roll 1 in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0207] The coreless roll 1 of FIG. 1 represents different embodiments with a different tissue paper products with two, three, four, five, or six plies. All of the plies of these embodiments are made of Conventional Wet Press (CWP) paper).

[0208] The embodiments of FIG. 1 are toilet paper rolls comprising a tissue paper product that comprises different sheets 2a, 2b which can be easily separated along a perforation line 3. However, other embodiments may not comprise such perforation lines.

[0209] The coreless roll 1 of FIG. 1 is made of a spirally wound continuous web of tissue paper product having a first end and a second end, the web of tissue paper product being wound such as to define an axially extending inner hole centrally positioned relative to the coreless roll 1 and such that the first end is located on the outer side of the coreless roll 1 and the second end is located at the inner hole.

[0210] The outer diameter D1 of the coreless roll 1 is in a range of 95 to 150 mm. The diameter D2 of the inner hole of the roll 1 is in a range of 20 to 50 mm. The density of the coreless roll 1 is in a range of 80 to 160 kg/m.sup.3 (narrower ranges for the respective numbers of plies of the tissue paper products are indicated above).

[0211] The tissue paper product of the embodiments of FIG. 1 is ply-bonded using an adhesive (a lamination glue). However, this is by no means limiting. In the case of other embodiments, the plies may, e.g., be ply-bonded using mechanical bonding, such as edge embossing. In other words, there is no need to use an adhesive, and other embodiments may be “glueless”.

[0212] The grammage of the tissue paper products depends on the numbers of plies. It is in a range of 24 to 125 g/m.sup.2 (narrower ranges for the respective numbers of plies are indicated above).

[0213] A a caliper ratio of the roll is in a range of 10% to 80% (narrower ranges for the respective numbers of plies are indicated above), wherein the caliper ratio (c.sub.s−c.sub.t)/c.sub.t is obtained by dividing a difference between a standard caliper c.sub.s of the tissue paper product as defined by the standard ISO-12625-3 and a theoretical caliper c.sub.t of the tissue paper product by the theoretical caliper c.sub.t, and the theoretical caliper c.sub.t being defined as a ratio between a grammage of the tissue paper product and the density of the roll. The caliper ratio can be varied conveniently by varying the embossing pressure during manufacturing of the respective tissue paper product.

[0214] The radial compression strength of the coreless rolls 1 of FIG. 1 is at least 30 N or more. However, according to other embodiments, it is at least 20 N or more or at least 25 N or more. This provides robustness to a toilet paper roll (e.g., to achieve customer satisfaction, but also for packing purposes, etc.) and is achieved despite the fact the roll 1 is coreless. As the roll is coreless, waste is reduced, and the roll in question may be considered as environment-friendly.

[0215] The (sheet) caliper of the roll 1 is at least 0.35 mm.

[0216] FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of (a part of) and embodiment of a manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing a coreless roll in accordance with the present disclosure using a first embodiment of a method in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0217] The box 200 in FIG. 2 schematically represents any constituents of the manufacturing apparatus that are used prior to the later stages illustrated in FIG. 2 in more detail. For example, the box 200 may involve unwinding rolls for unwinding a first ply 15 and a second ply 25.

[0218] According to an embodiment of the method in accordance with the present disclosure relying on the manufacturing apparatus of FIG. 2, the first ply 15 is supplied at a processing speed D1, and the second ply 25 is supplied at a processing speed D2.

[0219] The apparatus of FIG. 2. comprises a pre-embossing station 300 with rolls 301, 302, 303, and 304. In fact, the pre-embossing station 300 allows for heat-embossing, as one of the rolls 301 and 302 is a heatable embossing roll and one of the rolls 303 and 304 is a heatable embossing roll.

[0220] The first ply 15 may be pre-embossed between the rolls 303 and 304, one of which being an embossing roll, the other being a counter roll. The embossing roll is a heatable embossing roll and may be used to heat-emboss the first ply 15.

[0221] The second ply 25 may be pre-embossed between the rolls 301 and 302, one of being an embossing roll, the other being a counter roll. The embossing roll is a heatable embossing roll and may be used to heat-emboss the second ply 25.

[0222] The first ply 15 is then conveyed towards the rolls 35 and 40 and may be embossed once more. In particular, the roll 40 may be a non-heatable embossing roll (but according to other embodiment, it may be a heatable roll). An adhesive supplying unit with a glue chamber 80 is provided adjacent to the roll 40. An applicator roll 105 is used to homogeneously transfer adhesive (dosed by cavities engraved in an anilox roll positioned between the glue chamber 80 and the applicator roll 105) to the first ply 15 prior to ply-bonding being carried out.

[0223] The second ply 25 is conveyed towards the rolls 50 and 60 and may be embossed once more. In particular, the roll 60 may be a non-heatable embossing roll. However, according to other embodiments, it may be a heatable embossing roll.

[0224] Ply-bonding of the first ply 15 and the second ply 25 is carried out between the embossing roll 40 and a marrying roll 70. The ply-bonded tissue paper product 110 comprising (at least two plies) is then conveyed further at a processing speed D3.

[0225] The box 400 represents any components of the manufacturing apparatus of FIG. 2 used subsequently to the steps described so far. In particular, the box 400 may comprise a winding unit for winding up the manufactured tissue paper product 110.

[0226] FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of (a part of) and embodiment of a manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing a coreless roll in accordance with the present disclosure using a second embodiment of a method in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0227] The box 200 in FIG. 3 schematically represents any constituents of the manufacturing apparatus that are used prior to the later stages illustrated in more detail. For example, the box 200 may involve unwinding rolls for unwinding a first ply 10 and a second ply 20.

[0228] According to an embodiment of the method in accordance with the present disclosure relying on the apparatus of FIG. 3, the first ply 10 is supplied at a processing speed D1, and the second ply 20 is supplied at a processing speed D2.

[0229] The apparatus of FIG. 3 does not comprise a pre-embossing station.

[0230] The first ply 10 is conveyed towards the rolls 35 and 40 and can be heat-embossed. The roll 35 is a counter roll, whereas the roll 40 is a heatable embossing roll. An adhesive supplying unit with a glue chamber 80 is provided adjacent to the roll 40. An applicator roll 105 is used to homogeneously transfer adhesive (dosed by cavities engraved in an anilox roll positioned between the glue chamber 80 and the applicator roll 105) to the first ply 10 prior to ply-bonding being effected.

[0231] The second ply 20 is conveyed towards the rolls 50 and 60 and can be heat-embossed between the counter roll 50 and the heatable embossing roll 60.

[0232] Ply-bonding of the first ply 15 and the second ply 25 is carried out between the embossing roll 40 and a marrying roll 70. The ply-bonded tissue paper product 110 is then conveyed further at a processing speed D3.

[0233] The box 400 represents any components of the manufacturing apparatus of FIG. 3 used later on. In particular, the box 400 may comprise a winding unit for winding up the produced tissue paper product 110.

[0234] A main difference between the methods carried using the apparatus of FIG. 2 and the one of FIG. 3 is that the heat-embossing of plies is carried out in the pre-embosser in the case of FIG. 2, whereas the heat-embossing is carried out in the ply-bonding unit (i.e., the main embosser) in the case of FIG. 3. However, according to a modification a mixed-type of heat-embossing may be carried out in the sense of one ply being heat-embossed in the pre-embosser and the other ply may be heat-embossed in the main embosser.

[0235] FIG. 4 depicts an apparatus used for carrying out a method in accordance with the present disclosure for manufacturing a coreless roll including a tissue paper product comprising (at least) three plies.

[0236] Most of what is shown is analogous to what was explained above with respect to FIG. 2. Reference is thus made to the corresponding explanations. A difference is that a third ply 120 (represented by a dotted line in FIG. 4) is supplied to the main embosser. It is received and conveyed by another roll 130 and is then led to the embossing roll 40, where it is conveyed further together with the first ply 15. The first ply 15 and the third ply 120 are then ply-bonded together with the second ply 25 between the embossing roll 40 and the marrying roll 70.

[0237] In each of the cases of FIGS. 2 to 4, embossing rolls may either be heatable or non-heatable embossing rolls. Each of the embodiments may comprise zero heatable embossing rolls (and exclusively comprise non-heatable embossing rolls instead), one heatable embossing roll in total (which may be located in the pre-embosser, if applicable, or in the main embosser), two heatable embossing rolls (which may both be located in the pre-embosser, if present, both be located in the main embosser, or distributed onto the main embosser and the pre-embosser, if present), or three or more heatable embossing rolls (distributed in any chosen way onto the pre-embosser, if present, and the main embosser).

[0238] FIGS. 5 to 25 depict a number of embodiments of tissue paper products which are spirally wound up to form coreless rolls in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0239] The tissue paper product of FIG. 5 comprises a first ply 1 that has been embossed without heat-embossing (i.e., with a non-heatable embossing roll or with non-heatable embossing rolls). It comprises two types of embossments, i.e., embossments with different heights. These may have been created using the same embossing roll or different embossing rolls.

[0240] The tissue paper product of FIG. 5 further comprises a second ply 2′ that has been heat-embossed (i.e., embossed using a heated embossing cylinder). To distinguish between a ply that was heat-embossed and one that was embossed without heat, the heat-embossed ply 2′ is drawn with a thicker line in FIG. 5 than the ply 1. This distinction between thicker and thinner lines will be maintained throughout the figures. The thicker lines represent plies that were heat-embossed, whereas the thinner lines represent plies that were embossed without heating.

[0241] Region 4 of FIG. 5 illustrates is a region where the first ply 1 and the second ply 2′ are ply-bonded to each other using an adhesive. The adhesive is present in tips of the embossments of the first ply 1 with a larger height (amongst two types of embossments of the double-embossed ply 1).

[0242] The embodiment of a tissue paper product of FIG. 6 is similar to the embodiment of FIG. 5. The difference is that the first ply 1′ was heat-embossed, whereas the second ply 2 has been embossed with a non-heated embossing roll. Again, the ply-bonding has been effected at regions including tips of the higher (deeper) embossments of the double-embossed first ply 1.

[0243] FIG. 7 shows an embodiment of a tissue paper with a heat-embossed first ply 1′ as well as a heat-embossed second ply 2′.

[0244] The grammage of the tissue paper products of FIGS. 5, 6, and 7 is in a range of 24 g/m.sup.2 to 50 g/m.sup.2.

[0245] FIGS. 8, 9, and 10 depict embodiments of tissue paper products comprising three plies. At least one of the outermost plies 1, 1′, 2, 2′ has been heat-embossed, whereas the middle ply 3 of each of the embodiments was not embossed (and was more or less flat prior to the ply-bonding).

[0246] All three plies of each of the embodiments of FIGS. 8, 9, and 10 are made of Conventional Wet Press (CWP) paper.

[0247] In the case of FIG. 8, the first ply 1 was embossed with a non-heated roll, whereas the second ply 2′ was heat-embossed, i.e., embossed using a heated embossing roll. The middle ply 3 is, as already mentioned, a so-called flat ply in the sense of being a non-pre-embossed ply. The corrugation in the region 6 (where the tips of the larger embossments on the first ply 1 are situated) is a result from the ply-bonding.

[0248] In the case of FIG. 9, the first ply 1′ was heat-embossed with a heated embossing roll, whereas the second ply 2 was embossed with a non-heated embossing roll. The middle ply 3 is, as already mentioned, a so-called flat ply in the sense of being a non-pre-embossed ply. The corrugation in the region 6 (where the tips of the larger embossments on the first ply 1 are situated) is a result from the ply-bonding.

[0249] FIG. 10 depicts an embodiment with a heat-embossed first ply 1′ as well as a heat-embossed second ply 2′. The middle ply 3 is, as already mentioned, a so-called flat ply in the sense of being a non-pre-embossed ply. The corrugation in the region 6 (where the tips of the larger embossments on the first ply 1 are situated) is a result from the ply-bonding.

[0250] FIGS. 11, 12, and 13 depict further embodiments with three plies. In these cases, the first ply 10, 10′ and the middle ply 11, 11′ have been embossed together.

[0251] All three plies of each of the embodiments of FIGS. 11, 12, and 13 are made of Conventional Wet Press (CWP) paper.

[0252] In the case of FIG. 11, the first ply 10 and the middle ply 11 were double-embossed together with a non-heated roll, whereas the second ply 2′ was heat-embossed, i.e., embossed using a heated embossing roll. The three plies are ply-bonded at tips of the embossments with larger height of the two types of embossments on the first ply 10 and the middle ply 11. Region 6 illustrates a region where the three plies 10, 11, and 2′ are ply-bonded.

[0253] In the case of FIG. 12, the first ply 10′ and the middle pl 11′ were double embossed together using heat-embossing, i.e., with a heated embossing roll, whereas the second ply 2 was embossed with a non-heated embossing roll. The three plies are ply-bonded at tips of the embossments with larger height of the two types of embossments on the first ply 10′ and the middle ply 11′. Region 6 illustrates a region where the three plies 10′, 11′, and 2 are ply-bonded.

[0254] FIG. 13 depicts an embodiment, wherein the first ply 10′ and the middle ply 11′ have been double-embossed with a heated embossing roll (i.e., heat-embossed) together and wherein also the second ply 2′ was heat-embossed. The three plies are ply-bonded at tips of the embossments with larger height of the two types of embossments on the first ply 10′ and the middle ply 11′. Region 6 illustrates a region where the three plies 10′, 11′, and 2′ are ply-bonded.

[0255] The grammage of the tissue paper products of FIGS. 8 to 13 is in a range of 34 g/m.sup.2 to 65 g/m.sup.2, and, more specifically, it may even be in a range of 40 g/m.sup.2 to 63 g/m.sup.2 or of 45 g/m.sup.2 to 60 g/m.sup.2.

[0256] FIGS. 14, 15, and 16 depict embodiments of a tissue paper product with four plies.

[0257] All four plies of each of the embodiments of FIGS. 14, 15, and 16 are made of Conventional Wet Press (CWP) paper.

[0258] In the case of FIG. 14, the first ply 10 and the third ply 11 were double-embossed (with two types of embossments) together with a non-heated embossing roll. The fourth ply 3 is a flat middle ply in the sense of not having been pre-embossed prior to the final ply-bonding. Finally, the second ply 2′ of the embodiment of FIG. 14 has been embossed by a heated embossing roll (i.e., heat-embossed).

[0259] The embodiment of FIG. 15 differs from the one of FIG. 14 in that the first ply 10′ and the adjacent third ply 11′ have been double-embossed together with a heated embossing roll, whereas the second ply 2 was embossed with a non-heated embossing roll.

[0260] In the case of FIG. 16, the first ply 10′ and the adjacent third ply 11′ have been double-embossed together with a heated embossing roll, and also the second ply 2 was embossed with a heated embossing roll (i.e., heat-embossed).

[0261] FIGS. 17, 18, and 19 show further embodiments of tissue paper products with four plies. The difference with respect to the ones of FIGS. 17, 18, and 19, is that the two middle plies 30 and 31 were in each case not embossed (i.e., they are flat plies in the sense of not having been pre-embossed prior to the final ply-bonding).

[0262] All four plies of each of the embodiments of FIGS. 17, 18, and 19 are made of Conventional Wet Press (CWP) paper.

[0263] The embodiment of FIG. 17 has a first ply 1 that was double-embossed using a non-heated embossing roll and a second ply 2′ that was heat-embossed with a heated embossing roll.

[0264] The embodiment of FIG. 18 has a first ply 1′ that was double-embossed using a heated embossing roll (heat-embossed) and a second ply 2 that was embossed with a non-heated embossing roll.

[0265] Moreover, the embodiment of FIG. 19 comprises both a first ply 1′ that was double-embossed using a heated embossing roll (heat-embossed) as well as a second ply 2′ that was heat-embossed with a heated embossing roll.

[0266] The embodiments of FIGS. 20, 21, and 22 comprise a first ply 1, 1′, a flat middle ply 3, and a second ply 20, 20′ that was embossed together with another ply 21, 21,′.

[0267] All four plies of each of the embodiments of FIGS. 20, 21, and 22 are made of Conventional Wet Press (CWP) paper.

[0268] The first ply 1 of the embodiment of FIG. 20 was embossed using a non-heated embossing roll. The second ply 20′ and the adjacent ply 21′ were embossed together using a heated embossing roll (i.e., heat-embossed).

[0269] The first ply 1′ of the embodiment of FIG. 21 was embossed using a heated embossing roll (i.e., heat-embossed). The second ply 20 and the adjacent ply 21 were embossed together using a non-heated embossing roll.

[0270] In the case of the embodiment of the tissue paper product of FIG. 22, the first ply 1′ was embossed using a heated embossing roll (i.e., heat-embossed), and also the second ply 20′ and the adjacent ply 21′ were embossed together using a heated embossing roll (i.e., heat-embossed)

[0271] Moreover, the embodiments of the tissue paper products of FIGS. 23, 24, and 25 also comprise four plies. However, in these cases, the first three plies were double-embossed together.

[0272] All four plies of each of the embodiments of FIGS. 23, 24, and 25 are made of Conventional Wet Press (CWP) paper.

[0273] The first ply 10 and the two adjacent plies 11 and 12 of the embodiment of FIG. 23 were double-embossed together using a non-heated embossing roll. The second ply 2′ was embossed using a heated embossing roll (i.e., heat-embossed).

[0274] The first ply 10′ and the two adjacent plies 11′ and 12′ of the embodiment of FIG. 24 were double-embossed together using a heated embossing roll (heat-embossed). The second ply 2 was embossed using a non-heated embossing roll.

[0275] In the case of the embodiment of FIG. 25, the first ply 10′ and the two adjacent plies 11′ and 12′ were double-embossed together using a heated embossing roll (heat-embossed), and also the second ply 2′ was embossed using a heated embossing roll (i.e., heat-embossed).

[0276] The grammage of the tissue paper products of FIGS. 14 to 25 is in a range of 55 g/m.sup.2 to 95 g/m.sup.2, and, more specifically, it may even be in a range of 60 g/m.sup.2 to 80 g/m.sup.2.

[0277] In the following, a number of experimental results obtained on the basis of coreless rolls according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be discussed.

Examples of Coreless Rolls Made of Two-Ply Tissue Product

[0278] Coreless rolls of a tissue paper product with two plies made of CWP were manufactured with an outer diameter of 128 mm. The two plies were both embossed using a non-heated embossing roll.

[0279] The following table 1 summarizes the number of sheets, the roll length, the roll density, the theoretical caliper, the grammage (the units gsm stands for g/m.sup.2), the (sheet) caliper the radial compression strength (in Newton), and the caliper ratio of the manufactured coreless rolls. Respective comparative examples are compared to two examples in accordance with the present disclosure.

TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Radial Th. 1- com- Roll Roll Cali- Gram- sheet pres- Cali- # length density per mage caliper sion per Example sheets (m) (kg/m3) (mm) (gsm) (mm) (N) ratio Comp. 1 225 28.13  97 0.38 37.2 0.42  2.5 11% 1 225 28.13  86 0.43 36.8 0.56 27 31% Comp. 2 350 43.75 132 0.28 36.9 0.35 18.6 27% 2 350 43.75 133 0.28 36.7 0.42 41.2 53%

[0280] As can be seen from table 1, examples 1 and 2 have radial compression strengths above 25 N (27 N and 41.2 N, respectively). The comparative examples (which have a caliper ratio lower than 30%, namely of 11% and 27%, respectively) have a lower radial compression strength of 2.5 N or 18.6 N.

[0281] Another set of examples of coreless rolls with tissue paper products manufactured using heated-embossing on the bottom ply was examined as well. The roll diameter was in each case 128 mm. The results are summarized in table 2.

TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Roll 1- Radial den- Th. sheet com Roll sity Cali- Gram- cali- pres- Cali- Exam- # length (kg/ per mage per sion per ple sheets (m) m3) (mm) (gsm) (mm) (N) ratio 3 285 35.625 109 0.34 35.38 0.46 42.6 36% 4 350 43.75 134 0.27 34.42 0.4 53.7 45%

Examples of Coreless Rolls Made of Three-Ply Tissue Product

[0282] Coreless rolls of a tissue paper product with three plies made of CWP were manufactured with an outer diameter of 128 mm. In each case, the bottom ply was heat-embossed (i.e., embossed using a heated embossing roll). The roll diameter was in each case 128 mm.

[0283] The following table 3 summarizes the number of sheets, the roll length, the roll density, the theoretical caliper, the grammage (the units gsm stands for g/m.sup.2), the (sheet) caliper the radial compression strength (in Newton), and the caliper ratio. Table 3 shows two examples accordance with the present disclosure.

TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Roll Th. 1- Radial Roll density Cali- Gram- sheet com- Cali- Exam- # length (kg/ per mage caliper pression per ple sheets (m) m3) (mm) (gsm) (mm) (N) ratio 5 230 28.75 114 0.42 46.4 0.52 21.1 24% 6 230 28.75 113 0.42 46.6 0.55 28.5 31%

Examples of Coreless Rolls Made of Four-Ply Tissue Product

[0284] Coreless rolls of a tissue paper product with four plies made of CWP were manufactured with an outer diameter of 128 mm. In each case, the bottom ply was heat-embossed (i.e., embossed using a heated embossing roll). The roll diameter was in each case 128 mm.

[0285] The following table 4 summarizes the number of sheets, the roll length, the roll density, the theoretical caliper, the grammage (the units gsm stands for g/m.sup.2), the (sheet) caliper the radial compression strength (in Newton), and the caliper ratio. Two examples in accordance with the present disclosure are shown.

TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Roll 1- Radial den- Th. sheet com- Ex- Roll sity Cali- Gram- cali- pres- Cali- am- # length (kg/ per mage per sion per ple sheets (m) m3) (mm) (gsm) (mm) (N) ratio 7 210 26.25 135 0.49 63.7 0.58 41.1 18% 8 225 28.125 145 0.46 63.6 0.56 47.5 22%

[0286] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the disclosed devices and systems without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Other aspects of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the features disclosed herein. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only. Many additional variations and modifications are possible and are understood to fall within the framework of the disclosure.