Cannabinoid Emulsifier

Abstract

Provided herein is a compound which is particularly suitable for use as a cannabinoid, as an emulsifier for a cannabinoid, in a formulation comprising the compound and in a method of treatment using the compound. The compound is defined by the General Formula:

##STR00001##

wherein:
R.sup.1-R.sup.10 are independently selected from H or an alkyl of 1-10 carbons; alkenyl of up to 10 carbons; or groups on adjacent carbons may be taken together to form an alkene;
R.sup.11 and R.sup.12 are independently H or —(CH.sub.2CHR.sup.16O).sub.x—R.sup.17 with the proviso that at least one of R.sup.11 or R.sup.12 represents —(CH.sub.2CHR.sup.16O).sub.xR.sup.17—; R.sup.11 and R.sup.10 may be taken together to represent —C(R.sup.19).sup.2—;
R.sup.13-R.sup.15 independently represent H or an alkyl of 1-8 carbons;
each R.sup.16 independently represents H or an alkyl of 1-3 carbons;
each R.sup.17 independently represents H, an alkyl or substituted alkyl of 1-22 carbons, aryl or substituted aryl or the ester of an acid;
each R.sup.19 independently represents H or an alkyl of 1-5 carbons; and
each x is independently an integer of 1-100.

Claims

1. A compound defined by the General Formula: ##STR00008## wherein: R.sup.1-R.sup.10 are independently selected from H or an alkyl of 1-10 carbons; alkenyl of up to 10 carbons; or groups on adjacent carbons may be taken together to form an alkene; R.sup.11 and R.sup.12 are independently H or —(CH.sub.2CHR.sup.16O).sub.x—R.sup.17 with the proviso that at least one of R.sup.11 or R.sup.12 represents —(CH.sub.2CHR.sup.16O).sub.xR.sup.17—; R.sup.11 and R.sup.10 may be taken together to represent —C(R.sup.19).sup.2—; R.sup.13-R.sup.15 independently represent H or an alkyl of 1-8 carbons; each R.sup.16 independently represents H or an alkyl of 1-3 carbons; each R.sup.17 independently represents H, an alkyl or substituted alkyl of 1-22 carbons, aryl or substituted aryl or the ester of an acid; each R.sup.19 independently represents H or an alkyl of 1-5 carbons; and each x is independently an integer of 1-100.

2. The compound of claim 1 wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.8 and R.sup.9 are H.

3. The compound of claim 1 wherein R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are taken together to form an alkene.

4. The compound of claim 1 wherein R.sup.4 is —CH.sub.3.

5. The compound of claim 1 wherein R.sup.19 is —C(CH.sub.2)CH.sub.3.

6. The compound of claim 1 wherein R.sup.13 and R.sup.14 are H;

7. The compound of claim 1 wherein R.sup.15 is an alkyl of 1-8 carbons.

8. The compound of claim 7 wherein R.sup.15 is —(CH.sub.2).sub.4CH.sub.3.

9. The compound of claim 1 wherein each R.sup.16 independently represents H or —CH.sub.3.

10. The compound of claim 1 wherein R.sup.17 is C(O)R.sup.18 wherein R.sup.18 represents the remnant of an acid or ester.

11. The compound of claim 10 wherein R.sup.18 represents the remnant of salicylic acid, methyl salicylate, a carboxylic acid of 5 to 10 carbons, cinnamic acid, citric acid, retinoic acid, acetic acid, ascorbic acid, capric acid, and caprylic acid.

12. The compound of claim 1 wherein each R.sup.19 is —CH.sub.3.

13. The compound of claim 1 wherein each x is independently an integer of 3-13.

14. The compound of claim 1 wherein said compound is defined by Formula I: ##STR00009##

15. The compound of claim 14 wherein each x is independently 3-13 and each R.sup.17 is independently selected from H, C(O)C.sub.6H.sub.4OH, —C(O)CH═CHC.sub.6H.sub.5, —C(O)(CH.sub.2).sub.7CH.sub.3, or —(O)(CH.sub.2).sub.9CH.sub.3.

16. The compound of claim 15 wherein both R.sup.17 groups are the same.

17. The compound of claim 1 wherein said compound is defined by Formula II: ##STR00010##

18. The compound of claim 17 wherein each x is independently 3-13 and each R.sup.17 is independently selected from H, C(O)C.sub.6H.sub.4OH, —C(O)CH═CHC.sub.6H.sub.5, —C(O)(CH.sub.2).sub.7CH.sub.3 or —(O)(CH.sub.2).sub.9CH.sub.3.

19. The compound of claim 18 wherein both R.sup.17 groups are the same.

20. The compound of claim 1 having an HLB of at least 8.

21. The compound of claim 20 wherein said HLB of 12-16.

22. A formulation comprising: a compound defined by General Formula: ##STR00011## wherein: R.sup.1-R.sup.10 are independently selected from H or an alkyl of 1-10 carbons; alkenyl of up to 10 carbons; or groups on adjacent carbons may be taken together to form an alkene; R.sup.11 and R.sup.12 are independently H or —(CH.sub.2CHR.sup.16O).sub.x—R.sup.17 with the proviso that at least one of R.sup.11 or R.sup.12 represents —(CH.sub.2CHR.sup.16O).sub.xR.sup.17—; R.sup.11 and R.sup.10 may be taken together to represent —C(R.sup.19).sup.2—; R.sup.13-R.sup.15 independently represent H or an alkyl of 1-8 carbons; each R.sup.16 independently represents H or an alkyl of 1-3 carbons; each R.sup.17 independently represents H, an alkyl or substituted alkyl of 1-22 carbons, aryl or substituted aryl or the ester of an acid; each R.sup.19 independently represents H or an alkyl of 1-5 carbons; and each x is independently an integer of 1-100; and a cannabinoid.

23. The formulation of claim 22 wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.8 and R.sup.9 are H.

24. The formulation of claim 22 wherein R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are taken together to form an alkene.

25. The formulation of claim 22 wherein R.sup.4 is —CH.sub.3.

26. The formulation of claim 22 wherein R.sup.10 is —C(CH.sub.2)CH.sub.3.

27. The formulation of claim 22 wherein R.sup.13 and R.sup.14 are H;

28. The formulation of claim 22 wherein R.sup.15 is an alkyl of 1-8 carbons.

29. The formulation of claim 28 wherein R.sup.15 is —(CH.sub.2).sub.4CH.sub.3.

30. The formulation of claim 22 wherein each R.sup.16 independently represents H or —CH.sub.3.

31. The formulation of claim 22 wherein R.sup.17 is C(O)R.sup.18 wherein R.sup.18 represents the remnant of an acid or ester.

32. The formulation of claim 31 wherein R.sup.18 represents the remnant of salicylic acid, methyl salicylate, a carboxylic acid of 5 to 10 carbons, cinnamic acid, citric acid, retinoic acid, acetic acid, ascorbic acid, capric acid, and caprylic acid.

33. The formulation of claim 22 wherein each R.sup.19 is —CH.sub.3.

34. The formulation of claim 22 wherein each x is independently an integer of 3-13.

35. The formulation of claim 22 wherein said compound is defined by Formula I: ##STR00012##

36. The formulation of claim 35 wherein each x is independently 3-13 and each R.sup.17 is independently selected from H, C(O)C.sub.6H.sub.4OH, —C(O)CH═CHC.sub.6H.sub.5, —C(O)(CH.sub.2).sub.7CH.sub.3, or —(O)(CH.sub.2).sub.9CH.sub.3.

37. The formulation of claim 36 wherein both R.sup.17 groups are the same.

38. The formulation of claim 22 wherein said compound is defined by Formula II: ##STR00013##

39. The formulation of claim 38 wherein each x is independently 3-13 and each R.sup.17 is independently selected from H, C(O)C.sub.6H.sub.4OH, —C(O)CH═CHC.sub.6H.sub.5, —C(O)(CH.sub.2).sub.7CH.sub.3, or —(O)(CH.sub.2).sub.9CH.sub.3.

40. The formulation of claim 39 wherein both R.sup.17 groups are the same.

41. The formulation of claim 22 wherein said compound has an HLB of at least 8.

42. The formulation of claim 41 wherein said HLB is 12-16.

43. The formulation of claim 22 further comprising water.

44. The formulation of claim 22 wherein said cannabinoid is selected from the the group consisting of CBD, THC, cannabichromene (CBC), cannabichromevarin (CBCV), cannabidiphorol (CBDP), cannabidivarinic acid (CBDVA), cannabielsoin (CBEA), cannabigerolic acid (CBCA), cannabigerolic acid monomethyl ether (CBGAM), cannabigerovarinic acid (CBGVA), cannabicyclolic acid (CBLA), cannabinolic acid (CBNA), cannabicitranic acid (CBTA), cannabivarinic acid (CBVA), tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA), tetrahydrocannabiorcolic acid (THCCA), tetrahydrocannabiphorolic acid (THCPA), tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA), tetrahydrocannabivarinic acid (THCVA), cannadibiphorol (CBDP), cannabidivarin (CBDV), cannabielsoin (CBE), cannabigerol (CBG), cannabigerol monomethylether (CBGM), cannabigerovarin (CBG), cannabigerol monomethylether (CBGM), cannabigerovarin (CBGV), cannabicyclol (CBL), cannabinol (CBN), cannabicitran (CBTC), cannabivarin (CBV), tetrahydrocannabiorcol (THCC), tetrahydrocannabiphorol (THCP) or tetrahydrocannabivarin (TNCV).

45. The formulation of claim 22 wherein comprising hemp.

46. The formulation of claim 22 further comprising at least one additive selected from the group consisting of surfactants, emollients, lubricants, fragrances, colorants, flavorants, medications and natural oils.

47. The formulation of claim 46 further comprising at least one additive selected from the group consisting of coconut oil, olive oil, monoglycerides, diglycerides and triglycerides.

48. A method for treating tissue comprising applying a formulation comprising: a compound defined by General Formula: ##STR00014## wherein: R.sup.1-R.sup.10 are independently selected from H or an alkyl of 1-10 carbons; alkenyl of up to 10 carbons; or groups on adjacent carbons may be taken together to form an alkene; R.sup.11 and R.sup.12 are independently H or —(CH.sub.2CHR.sup.16O).sub.x—R.sup.17 with the proviso that at least one of R.sup.11 or R.sup.12 represents —(CH.sub.2CHR.sup.16O).sub.xR.sup.17—; R.sup.11 and R.sup.10 may be taken together to represent —C(R.sup.19).sup.2—; R.sup.13-R.sup.15 independently represent H or an alkyl of 1-8 carbons; each R.sup.16 independently represents H or an alkyl of 1-3 carbons; each R.sup.17 independently represents H, an alkyl or substituted alkyl of 1-22 carbons, aryl or substituted aryl or the ester of an acid; each R.sup.19 independently represents H or an alkyl of 1-5 carbons; and each x is independently an integer of 1-100; and a cannabinoid.

49. The method for treating tissue of claim 48 wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.8 and R.sup.9 are H.

50. The method for treating tissue of claim 48 wherein R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are taken together to form an alkene.

51. The method for treating tissue of claim 48 wherein R.sup.4 is —CH.sub.3.

52. The method for treating tissue of claim 48 wherein R.sup.19 is —C(CH.sub.2)CH.sub.3.

53. The method for treating tissue of claim 48 wherein R.sup.13 and R.sup.14 are H;

54. The method for treating tissue of claim 48 wherein R.sup.15 is an alkyl of 1-8 carbons.

55. The method for treating tissue of claim 54 wherein R.sup.15 is —(CH.sub.2).sub.4CH.sub.3.

56. The method for treating tissue of claim 48 wherein each R.sup.16 independently represents H or —CH.sub.3.

57. The method for treating tissue of claim 48 wherein R.sup.17 is C(O)R.sup.18 wherein R.sup.18 represents the remnant of an acid or ester.

58. The method for treating tissue of claim 57 wherein R.sup.18 represents the remnant of salicylic acid, methyl salicylate, a carboxylic acid of 5 to 10 carbons, cinnamic acid, citric acid, retinoic acid, acetic acid, ascorbic acid, capric acid, and caprylic acid.

59. The method for treating tissue of claim 48 wherein each R.sup.19 is —CH.sub.3.

60. The method for treating tissue of claim 48 wherein each x is independently an integer of 3-13.

61. The method for treating tissue of claim 48 wherein said compound is defined by Formula I: ##STR00015##

62. The method for treating tissue of claim 61 wherein each x is 3-13 and each R.sup.17 is independently selected from H, C(O)C.sub.6H.sub.4OH, —C(O)CH═CHC.sub.6H.sub.5, —C(O)(CH.sub.2).sub.7CH.sub.3, or —(O)(CH.sub.2).sub.9CH.sub.3.

63. The method for treating tissue of claim 62 wherein both R.sup.17 groups are the same.

64. The method for treating tissue of claim 48 wherein said compound is defined by Formula II: ##STR00016##

65. The method for treating tissue of claim 17 wherein each x is 3-13 and each R.sup.17 is independently selected from H, C(O)C.sub.6H.sub.4OH, —C(O)CH═CHC.sub.6H.sub.5 or —C(O)(CH.sub.2).sub.7CH.sub.3.

66. The method for treating tissue of claim 65 wherein both R.sup.17 groups are the same.

67. The method for treating tissue of claim 48 wherein said compound has an HLB of at least 8.

68. The method for treating tissue of claim 67 wherein said HLB is 12-16.

69. The method for treating tissue of claim 48 further comprising water.

70. The method for treating tissue of claim 48 wherein said cannabinoid is selected from the group consisting of CBD, THC, cannabichromene (CBC), cannabichromevarin (CBCV), cannabidiphorol (CBDP), cannabidivarinic acid (CBDVA), cannabielsoin (CBEA), cannabigerolic acid (CBCA), cannabigerolic acid monomethyl ether (CBGAM), cannabigerovarinic acid (CBGVA), cannabicyclolic acid (CBLA), cannabinolic acid (CBNA), cannabicitranic acid (CBTA), cannabivarinic acid (CBVA), tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA), tetrahydrocannabiorcolic acid (THCCA), tetrahydrocannabiphorolic acid (THCPA), tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA), tetrahydrocannabivarinic acid (THCVA), cannadibiphorol (CBDP), cannabidivarin (CBDV), cannabielsoin (CBE), cannabigerol (CBG), cannabigerol monomethylether (CBGM), cannabigerovarin (CBG), cannabigerol monomethylether (CBGM), cannabigerovarin (CBGV), cannabicyclol (CBL), cannabinol (CBN), cannabicitran (CBTC), cannabivarin (CBV), tetrahydrocannabiorcol (THCC), tetrahydrocannabiphorol (THCP) or tetrahydrocannabivarin (TNCV).

71. The method for treating tissue of claim 48 wherein comprising hemp.

72. The method for treating tissue of claim 48 further comprising at least one additive selected from the group consisting of surfactants, emollients, lubricants, fragrances, colorants, flavorants, medications and natural oils.

73. The method for treating tissue of claim 72 further comprising at least one additive selected from the group consisting of coconut oil, olive oil, monoglycerides, diglycerides and triglycerides.

74. The method for treating tissue of claim 72 wherein said treatment is for acne regulation, cell renewal and regeneration, epidermal barrier formulations, extracellular matrix integrity formulations, pigmentation regulation or melanogenesis, for skin hydration, tissue remodeling, wound healing, insulin signaling, pain treatment, inflammation mitigation, immune response, circadian rhythm treatments, anti-oxidant stress relief, CB1 partial agonist, emmolient or humectant, skin brightening, as a barrier cream, as a skin protectant, and an sun protection factor (SPF) enhancer, as a film former or as a fragrance fixative.

Description

DESCRIPTION

[0017] The instant invention is specific to an emulsifier which is the poly(alkyleneoxide) ethers of cannabinoids, represented by the General Formula. The emulsifier is formed from the reaction of preferably, ethylene oxide (EO) or propylene oxide (PO) with a cannabinoid and particularly CBD. The resulting emulsifier is nonionic in character. Depending on the ratio of EO and PO to CBD, as a representative cannabinoid, the water solubility can be adjusted higher or lower. More EO will make the resulting emulsifier more water soluble and adjust its emulsifying power. Using CBD as the representative hydrophobe of the emulsifier ensures excellent compatibility with the native compound or free CBD oil. The ether linkages of the emulsifier are resistant to hydrolysis and thus the emulsifier is indefinitely stable in water and in the presence of other formulation components.

[0018] The emulsifier is represented by General Formula:

##STR00005##

wherein:
R.sup.1-R.sup.10 are independently selected from H or an alkyl of 1-10 carbons; alkenyl of up to 10 carbons; or groups on adjacent carbons may be taken together to form an alkene;
R.sup.1, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.8 and R.sup.9 are preferably H; R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are preferably taken together to form an alkene; R.sup.4 is preferably —CH.sub.3; R.sup.19 is preferably —C(═CH.sub.2)CH.sub.3;
R.sup.11 and R.sup.12 are independently H or —(CH.sub.2CHR.sup.16O).sub.x—R.sup.17 with the proviso that at least one of R.sup.11 or R.sup.12 represents —(CH.sub.2CHR.sup.16O).sub.xR.sup.17—; R.sup.11 and R.sup.10 may be taken together to represent —C(R.sup.19).sup.2—;
R.sup.13-R.sup.15 independently represent H or an alkyl of 1-8 carbons; R.sup.13 and R.sup.14 are preferably H; R.sup.15 is preferably an alkyl of 1-8 carbons and more preferably —(CH.sub.2).sub.4CH.sub.3;
each R.sup.16 independently represents H or an alkyl of 1-3 carbons; each R.sup.16 preferably independently represents H or —CH.sub.3;
each R.sup.17 independently represents H, an alkyl or substituted alkyl of 1-22 carbons, aryl or substituted aryl; alternatively R.sup.17 is the ester of an acid, —C(O)—R.sup.18, wherein each R.sup.18 preferably represents the remnant of an acid or ester preferably salicylic acid, methyl salicylate, a carboxylic acid of 5 to 10 carbons, cinnamic acid, citric acid, retinoic acid, and ascorbic acid. In an embodiment R.sup.18 represents the remnant of a C1-C22 organic acid or ester wherein C1-C22 represents 1-22 carbons which are preferably alkyl carbons.
each R.sup.19 independently represents H or an alkyl of 1-5 carbons; each R.sup.19 is preferably —CH.sub.3;
each x is independently an integer of 1-100 and preferably 3-13.

[0019] A particularly preferred emulsifier of the General Formula is represented by Formula I:

##STR00006##

[0020] In a particularly preferred embodiment of Formula I, each x is independently 3-13 and each R.sup.17 is independently selected from H, C(O)C.sub.6H.sub.4OH, —C(O)CH═CHC.sub.6H.sub.6, —C(O)(CH.sub.2).sub.7CH.sub.3, or —C(O)(CH.sub.2).sub.9CH.sub.3 and preferably both R.sup.17 groups are the same.

[0021] Another particularly preferred embodiment of the General Formula is represented by Formula II:

##STR00007##

[0022] In a particularly preferred embodiment of Formula II, each x is independently 3-13 and each R.sup.17 is independently selected from H, C(O)C.sub.6H.sub.4OH, —C(O)CH═CHC.sub.6H.sub.5, —C(O)(CH.sub.2).sub.7CH.sub.3, or —C(O)(CH.sub.2).sub.9CH.sub.3 and preferably both R.sup.17 groups are the same.

[0023] For substituent —C(O)—R.sup.18, each R.sup.18 preferably represents the remnant of an acid or ester. By way of a clarifying non-limiting example, for an acid or ester, generally represented by R—C(O)OX wherein X is H or an alkyl, R.sup.18 would be the remnant, R, remaining after esterification. Particularly preferred acids or esters include salicylic acid or methyl salicylate wherein R.sup.17 is —C(O)C.sub.6H.sub.4OH, a carboxylic acid of 6 to 10 carbons wherein R.sup.17 is —C(O)(CH.sub.2).sub.5-9CH.sub.3 or cinnamic acid wherein R.sup.17 is —C(O)CH═CHC.sub.6H.sub.5. Other acids or ester suitable for demonstration of the invention are C1-C22 organic carboxylic acids.

[0024] The ether groups, —(CH.sub.2CHR.sup.16O).sub.xR.sup.17—, alter the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) of the emulsifier with a higher number of —CH.sub.2CHR.sup.16O— groups being consistent with a higher HLB. An HLB of at least 8 is preferred with and HLB of 12-16 being more preferred.

[0025] The emulsifier is particularly suitable for emulsifying cannabinoid in a formulation and particularly an aqueous formulation comprising cannabinoids. Cannabinoids are marginally soluble, if soluble at all, in aqueous solutions and the instant emulsifier allows the cannabinoid to be utilized in an aqueous formulation. A preferred formulation comprises at least 1 wt % to 99 w % emulsifier with the balance being selected from solvents, oils, surfactants, cannabinoid.

[0026] A preferred solvent is water with other solvents being suitable for demonstration of the invention. Other suitable solvents include alcohols.

[0027] Oils, particularly natural oils or their alkyl esters, are particularly suitable for use with the invention. Particularly suitable oils include glycerides such as monoglycerides, diglycerides and particularly triglycerides. Particularly preferred oils include coconut oil, olive oil and hempseed oil.

[0028] The emulsifier is particularly suitable for use in a cosmeceutical for use in acne regulation, cell renewal and regeneration, epidermal barrier formulations, extracellular matrix integrity formulations, pigmentation regulation or melanogenesis, for skin hydration, tissue remodeling, wound healing, insulin signaling, pain treatment, inflammation mitigation, immune response, circadian rhythm treatments, anti-oxidant stress relief, CB1 partial agonist, emollient or humectant, skin brightening, as a barrier cream, as a skin protectant, and as a sun protection factor (SPF) enhancer, as a film former, or as a fragrance fixative.

[0029] A particularly preferred formulation comprises the emulsifier and a cannabinoid obtained from cannabis. Particularly preferred cannabinoids are selected from the group consisting of CBD, THC, cannabichromene (CBC), cannabichromevarin (CBCV), cannabidiphorol (CBDP), cannabidivarinic acid (CBDVA), cannabielsoin (CBEA), cannabigerolic acid (CBCA), cannabigerolic acid monomethyl ether (CBGAM), cannabigerovarinic acid (CBGVA), cannabicyclolic acid (CBLA), cannabinolic acid (CBNA), cannabicitranic acid (CBTA), cannabivarinic acid (CBVA), tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA), tetrahydrocannabiorcolic acid (THCCA), tetrahydrocannabiphorolic acid (THCPA), tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA), tetrahydrocannabivarinic acid (THCVA), cannadibiphorol (CBDP), cannabidivarin (CBDV), cannabielsoin (CBE), cannabigerol (CBG), cannabigerol monomethylether (CBGM), cannabigerovarin (CBG), cannabigerol monomethylether (CBGM), cannabigerovarin (CBGV), cannabicyclol (CBL), cannabinol (CBN), cannabicitran (CBTC), cannabivarin (CBV), tetrahydrocannabiorcol (THCC), tetrahydrocannabiphorol (THCP) or tetrahydrocannabivarin (TNCV). Other products from cannabis may be used in combination with the emulsifier such as hemp.

[0030] The emulsifier is specifically suitable for use in treating tissue, and particularly skin applications and oral applications wherein a formulation is applied to the skin or administered orally. A preferred formulation comprises water, a compound of the General Formula, a cannabinoid with cannabidiol or tetrahydrocannabinol being particularly preferred, and optional additives such as surfactants, emollients, lubricants, fragrances, colorants, flavorants, medications and the like.

[0031] The method of applying the formulation is not limited herein. The formulation may be applied by spraying, dripping, dipping or pouring the formulation onto the tissue to be treated. Alternatively, the formulation may be applied by an applicator such as by painting or wiping.

[0032] While not limited to theory, it is hypothesized that the emulsifier has similar biological activity to the native compound. For the purposes of this invention, the term native compound refers to a compound of the General Formula wherein R.sup.11 and R.sup.12 are H. By way of example, Formula I with x being zero and R.sup.17 being H is CBD and Formula II with x being zero and R.sup.17 being H is THC. By increasing the hydrophilicity of the native compound, to form the emulsifier, the emulsifier is better able to cross various mucosal membranes or the blood-brain barrier, thereby altering the biological effect. The emulsifier is therefore suitable to be used alone or the emulsifier can be used in combination with the native compound or a different cannabinoid.

[0033] The method of forming the emulsifier is not particularly limited with each step being well within the range of knowledge of those of skill in the art. The polyether groups are formed by typical ring opening reaction of ethylene oxide, or a derivative, in the presence of a catalyst as is well known in the art. The formation of the ester by the reaction of an alcohol and carboxylic acid is well known chemistry which is very familiar to those of skill in the art.

EXAMPLES

[0034] General Reaction Scheme

[0035] The esterification of CBD ethoxylate, as a representative cannabinoid, was conducted with a nitrogen sparge at elevated temperatures 170° C.). Two catalysts were employed for these reactions, either hypophosphorous acid, particularly for cinnamate and capric/caprylate, or titanium (IV) butoxide, particularly for salicylate. CBD has two free hydroxyls, which were ethoxylated and subsequently esterified. Therefore, the reactions were conducted in a 2:1 molar ratio, with the acid to be esterified in excess. It should be noted that the salicylate ester was prepared via transesterification with methyl salicylate, producing methanol as a by-product. One of skill in the art would realize the adjustments in molar ratios and conditions for other cannabinoids and acids.

[0036] Synthesis of Cinnamate-Ester of CBD Ethoxylate

[0037] The reaction was conducted in a 3000 mL reaction flask, equipped with a heating mantle, temperature probe, overhead agitation, nitrogen sparge and a condenser. For a typical reaction, 1,279 g of CBD ethoxylate, 719 g trans-cinnamic acid and 2.0 g of hypophosphorous acid were added to the reaction flask. Under agitation and nitrogen sparge, the reaction was heated to 220° C. and held under constant agitation overnight. The reaction was then cooled to room temperature.

[0038] Synthesis of Caprate/Caprylate-Ester of CBD Ethoxylate

[0039] The reaction was conducted in a 3000 mL reaction flask, equipped with a heating mantle, temperature probe, overhead agitation, nitrogen sparge and a condenser. For a typical reaction, 1,575 g of CBD ethoxylate, 922 g Capric/Caprylic acid and 2.5 g of hypophosphorous acid were added to the reaction flask. Under agitation and nitrogen sparge, the reaction was heated to 190° C. and held, under constant agitation overnight. The reaction was then cooled to room temperature.

[0040] Synthesis of Salicylate-Ester of CBD Ethoxylate

[0041] The reaction was conducted in a 3000 mL reaction flask, equipped with a heating mantle, temperature probe, overhead agitation, nitrogen sparge and a condenser. For a typical reaction, 1,208 g (2.1 moles) of CBD ethoxylate, 791 g methyl salicylate (5.2 moles) and 1.0 g of titanium (IV) butoxide were added to the reaction flask. Under agitation and nitrogen sparge, the reaction was heated to 170° C. and held under constant agitation overnight. The reaction was then cooled to room temperature.

[0042] Synthesis of Retinoate-Ester of CBD Ethoxylate

[0043] The reaction would be conducted in a 3000 mL reaction flask, equipped with a heating mantle, temperature probe, overhead agitation, nitrogen sparge and a condenser. For a typical reaction, 1,208 g (2.1 moles) of CBD ethoxylate, 1,352 g retinoic acid (4.5 moles) and 2.5 g of hypophosphorous acid would be added to the reaction flask. Under agitation and nitrogen sparge, the reaction would be heated to 170° C. and held, under constant agitation overnight. The reaction would then be cooled to room temperature.

[0044] Synthesis of Citrate-Ester of CBD Ethoxylate

[0045] The reaction would be conducted in a 3000 mL reaction flask, equipped with a heating mantle, temperature probe, overhead agitation, nitrogen sparge and a condenser. For a typical reaction, 1,208 g (2.1 moles) of CBD ethoxylate, 864 g citric acid (4.5 moles) and 2.5 g of hypophosphorous acid would be added to the reaction flask. Under agitation and nitrogen sparge, the reaction would be heated to 170° C. and held, under constant agitation overnight. The reaction would then be cooled to room temperature.

Example 1

[0046] 300 g of CBD isolate was charged to a pressure vessel and 0.1% KOH catalyst was added. After removing all water and air, the mixture was heated to 110-120° C. and 900 g of ethylene oxide (EO) was added over 7-8 hours. After EO addition was complete, the reactor was held at temperature until all of the EO was consumed. Trace EO and 1,4-dioxane were then removed using vacuum. The reactor contents were cooled and acetic acid was added to neutralize the catalyst and bring the pH into the 6-7 range. The resulting product was polyoxyethylene (21) CBD.

Example 2

[0047] 10 g of CBD and 1.5 g of the product obtained by Example 1 were combined and the mixture added to 90 g of water with stirring. The CBD was emulsified and formed a clear emulsion.

Example 3

[0048] A first vessel was charged with deionized water (88.0 wt %), caprylyl glycol (1.0 wt %) and CannaSorb CBD-Active (1.0 wt %) followed by heating to 80° C. A second vessel was charged with Cannasorb LC (1.5 wt %) and Cannasol CBD-S (1.5 wt %) followed by heating to 80° C. with mixing until uniform. Using a homomixer at slow spead the components of the first vessel were added to the second vessel resulting in a lotion which thickened with increased addition of the water phase. The lotion was cooled to 35° C. followed by addition of a mixture of an Essential Oil Blend (0.3 wt %) comprising Eucalyptus Oil, Thyme Oil and Rosemary Oil and Vitacon ACE (0.2 wt %) comprising Vitamins A, C and E to obtain a formulation. Caprylyl glycol was obtained from Inolex. CannaSorb CBD-Active, Cannasorb LC and Cannasol CBD-S were obtained from Synergy Life Sciences Inc. The essential oil blend was obtained from Essential Ingredients Inc.

[0049] The formulation of Example 3 provided reduced pain and inflammation while providing skin rejuvenation.

[0050] The invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments without limit thereto. One of skill in the art would realize additional embodiments which are described and set forth in the claims appended hereto.