Sanitary fixture

Abstract

A sanitary fixture (1) is provided having a diffuser (3) arranged behind a functional unit (2) and an annular chamber (24) arranged behind the diffuser (3), an area of an opening cross-section of an outlet opening (9) of the diffuser (3) is at most 10% greater than an area of an opening cross-section of an inlet opening (5, 5′) of the diffuser (3) and/or the annular chamber (24) with a contour, which in a longitudinal section of the fixture (1), follows an ellipse (26, 28) having the smallest possible eccentricity.

Claims

1. A sanitary installation part (1), comprising: a functional unit (2), a diffuser (3) formed downstream of the functional unit (2), the functional unit (2) forms at least one inlet opening (5, 5′) to a diffuser space (6), the diffuser (3) includes a baffle plate (7) which delimits the diffuser space (6) in an incident-flow direction predefined by the at least one inlet opening (5, 5′), said baffle plate is adapted to divert water flowing in through the at least one inlet opening (5, 5′) in a lateral direction, the diffuser space (6) is formed between the baffle plate (7) and the functional unit (2) and has an outlet opening (9) through which water entering through the at least one inlet opening (5, 5′) is adapted to emerge in its entirety from the diffuser space (6), and an opening cross section of the outlet opening (9) has an area which amounts to 0.9 times to 2 times an area of an opening cross section of the at least one inlet opening (5, 5′) wherein the baffle plate (7) is, at a side facing toward the diffuser space (6), formed so as to be planar, free from obstructions, and open in an encircling manner at an outer edge (11) thereof, and comprises a step (12), situated radially outside the edge (11), said step (12) forming a cross-sectional widening in relation to the opening cross section of the outlet opening (9).

2. The sanitary installation part (1) according to claim 1, wherein the diffuser space (6) has at least two inlet openings (5, 5′) which are spaced apart from one another along a main flow direction (38), the diffuser space (6) has, along the main flow direction (38), a profile (39) which defines a profile widening (40) at least one of between the mutually spaced-apart inlet openings (5, 5′) or at the downstream one of the at least two inlet openings (5, 5′), and the profile widening (40) defines an enlargement of a cross-sectional area of the diffuser space (6) transversely with respect to the main flow direction (38), which is adapted to a cross-sectional area of the downstream inlet opening (5′).

3. The sanitary installation part (1) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the at least one inlet opening (5, 5′) is at least one of multi-part or divided form, and the at least one inlet opening (5, 5′) defines a total inflow area to the diffuser space (6).

4. The sanitary installation part (1) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the baffle plate (7) is delimited on all sides by a cross-sectional widening for the flowing water.

5. The sanitary installation part (1) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the at least one inlet opening (5, 5′) is arranged at least one of opposite the baffle plate (7) or in the middle or centrally with respect to the baffle plate (7), and a carrier plate (37) of the functional unit (2) is supported on the baffle plate (7).

6. The sanitary installation part (1) as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a flow divider formed at least one of on the baffle plate (7) or on the functional unit (2), and the flow divider (14) is formed centrally with respect to the inlet opening (5, 5′), in the diffuser space (6).

7. The sanitary installation part (1) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the functional unit (2) includes at least one of a flow regulator (15, 16) or a restrictor.

8. The sanitary installation part (1) as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a jet aerating device (17) positioned downstream of the diffuser (3).

9. The sanitary installation part (1) as claimed in claim 2, wherein the diffuser space (6) has, at least outside the profile widening (40), a substantially constant height.

10. The sanitary installation part (1) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the diffuser space (6) forms a flow straightener (29).

11. The sanitary installation part (1) as claimed in claim 1, wherein t a height of the diffuser space (6) amounts to less than half of the height of a collecting chamber (18) positioned downstream of the diffuser space.

12. A sanitary installation part (1), comprising: a diffuser (3) including a baffle plate (7) which is adapted to divert inflowing water in a lateral direction, an annular chamber (24) positioned downstream, in a flow direction, of the diffuser (3), said annular chamber opens into at least one outlet nozzle (25), at least one aeration opening (32) formed at an outflow side of the at least one outlet nozzle (25), via which air from outside is supplied for generating an aerated water jet, the annular chamber (24) has, above the at least one outlet nozzle (25), in one longitudinal portion, a contour into which an ellipse (26, 28) is fittable which has a side ratio of greater than 0.433 of a semi-minor axis in relation to a large semi-major axis, wherein the baffle plate (7) is, at an upstream side, formed so as to be planar, free from obstructions, and open in an encircling manner at an outer edge (11) thereof, and comprises a step (12), situated radially outside the edge (11), said step (12) forming a cross-sectional widening in relation to an opening cross section of an outlet opening (9) in communication with the annular chamber (24).

13. A sanitary installation part (1), comprising: a diffuser (3) including a baffle plate (7) which is adapted to divert inflowing water in a lateral direction, an annular chamber (24) positioned downstream, in a flow direction, of diffuser (3), said annular chamber opens into at least one outlet nozzle (25), at least one aeration opening (32) formed downstream of the at least one outlet nozzle (25), via which air from outside is supplied for generating an aerated water jet, a guide surface (27) formed between the diffuser (3) and the annular chamber (24), the guide surface (27) is adapted to guide inflowing water into the annular chamber (24), the annular chamber (24) has, in an annular chamber part (31) situated above an elongation of the guide surface (27) into the annular chamber (24), in one longitudinal portion, a contour into which an ellipse (26, 28) is fittable which has a side ratio of greater than 0.52 of a semi-minor axis in relation to a semi-major axis, wherein the baffle plate (7) is, at an upstream side, formed so as to be planar, free from obstructions, and open in an encircling manner at an outer edge (11) thereof, and comprises a step (12), situated radially outside the edge (11), said step (12) forming a cross-sectional widening in relation to an opening cross section of an outlet opening (9) in communication with the annular chamber (24).

14. The sanitary installation part (1) as claimed in claim 12, wherein the annular chamber (24) has a tetragonal shape in longitudinal section.

15. The sanitary installation part (1) as claimed in claim 12, further comprising an upper cover placed onto projections which project into the annular chamber (24).

16. The sanitary installation part (1) as claimed in claim 12, wherein the at least one aeration opening comprises multiple aeration openings (32) that are located downstream of the outlet nozzle (25), distributed about a circumference of the installation part (1).

17. The sanitary installation part (1) as claimed in claim 12, wherein the outlet nozzle (25) is formed by an annular gap.

18. The sanitary installation part (1) as claimed in claim 12, wherein the annular chamber (24) is, in a longitudinal section, arranged offset downward in relation to a collecting chamber (18) positioned upstream therefrom.

19. The sanitary installation part (1) as claimed in claim 18, further comprising multiple mutually spaced-apart passage openings (19) formed between the collecting chamber (18) and the annular chamber (24).

20. The sanitary installation part (1) as claimed in claim 13, wherein the annular chamber (24) extends above and below the guide surface (27).

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) The invention will now be discussed in more detail on the basis of exemplary embodiments, but is not restricted to these exemplary embodiments. Further exemplary embodiments will emerge from combination of the features of individual or several patent claims with one another and/or with individual or several features of the exemplary embodiments.

(2) In the figures:

(3) FIG. 1 shows a sanitary installation part according to the prior art,

(4) FIG. 2 shows a sanitary installation part according to the invention in a perspective view from above,

(5) FIG. 3 shows the installation part according to the invention as per FIG. 2 in a longitudinal sectional illustration,

(6) FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of the diffuser insert with baffle plate and collecting chamber of the installation part as per FIG. 1,

(7) FIG. 5 shows a view from above of the diffuser insert as per FIG. 4,

(8) FIG. 6 shows a longitudinal section through the diffuser insert as per FIG. 5 along the section plane A-A,

(9) FIG. 7 shows a longitudinal section through a further sanitary installation part according to the invention,

(10) FIG. 8 shows a perspective view of the diffuser insert of the installation part as per FIG. 7,

(11) FIG. 9 shows a view from above of the diffuser insert as per FIG. 8,

(12) FIG. 10 shows a longitudinal section along B-B through the diffuser insert as per FIG. 9,

(13) FIG. 11 shows a further sanitary installation part according to the invention in an exploded illustration,

(14) FIG. 12 shows the installation part as per FIG. 11 in a longitudinal sectional illustration,

(15) FIG. 13 shows a detail from FIG. 3 with a large ellipse fitted therein,

(16) FIG. 14 shows the detail as per FIG. 13 with a small ellipse fitted therein,

(17) FIG. 15 is an illustration analogous to FIG. 13 showing the installation part as per FIG. 12,

(18) FIG. 16 is an illustration analogous to FIG. 14 for the installation part as per FIG. 12,

(19) FIG. 17 is an illustration analogous to FIG. 13 of an annular chamber of a further installation part according to the invention,

(20) FIG. 18 is an illustration analogous to FIG. 14 of the annular chamber from FIG. 17, wherein the left-hand figure shows the position of the elongated guide surface, and the right-hand figure shows the dimensions of the large and of the small diameter of the ellipse fitted therein,

(21) FIG. 19 is a two-dimensional sectional illustration of a further installation part according to the invention,

(22) FIG. 20 is a three-dimensional sectional illustration of the installation part as per FIG. 19, and

(23) FIG. 21 is a further three-dimensional sectional illustration of the installation part as per FIG. 19.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(24) FIG. 1 shows a sanitary installation part according to the prior art denoted as a whole by 1. The installation part 1 has a functional unit 2 and a diffuser 3, which is arranged downstream of the functional unit 2 in a flow direction. Here, the diffuser 3 is formed on a diffuser insert 4.

(25) Here, the functional unit 2 opens via a circular inlet opening 5 into the diffuser space 6 of the diffuser 3.

(26) The diffuser space 6 is delimited by a baffle plate 7, on which flow can be incident through the inlet opening 5.

(27) This baffle plate 7 diverts the entering water in a lateral, radial direction.

(28) The diffuser space 6 is arranged between the baffle plate 7 and the functional unit 2 and is delimited in a radial direction, defined in relation to a central axis 8, by an outlet opening 9. This outlet opening 9 encircles the diffuser space 6 on a cylinder envelope.

(29) In an outflow direction predefined by the inlet opening 5, the baffle plate 7 delimits the diffuser space 6.

(30) On the baffle plate 7, there are formed multiple flow obstructions 10 each with a triangular horizontal section, which flow obstructions divide the water diverted at the baffle plate 7 into multiple individual partial flows.

(31) Here, the flow obstructions 10 are arranged spaced apart from the functional unit 2, such that it is also possible for water to flow over the flow obstructions 10.

(32) FIGS. 2 to 6 show different views of a sanitary installation part according to the invention. These figures will be described jointly below.

(33) Components and functional units which are similar or identical in terms of construction and/or function to the installation part as per FIG. 1 above are denoted by the same reference designations and will not be described separately again. The statements relating to FIG. 1 therefore apply correspondingly to FIGS. 2 to 6.

(34) The exemplary embodiment according to the invention differs from the prior art as per FIG. 1 in that the opening cross section of the outlet opening 9 has an area which exceeds an area of an opening cross section of the inlet opening 5 by at most 10%. In the present exemplary embodiment, the areas are even selected to be equal.

(35) By contrast to the variant as per FIG. 1, in which flow obstructions 10 were arranged on the baffle plate 7, the baffle plate 7 is of planar and obstruction-free form on the side facing toward the diffuser space 6.

(36) This has the result that the outlet opening 9 is formed so as to be open in an encircling manner at the outer edge 11 of the baffle plate 7.

(37) Situated radially outside the edge 11 is a step 12 which slopes downward. This step 12 thus forms a cross-sectional widening in relation to the opening cross section of the outlet opening 9.

(38) The cross-sectional widening formed in this way is formed in an encircling manner around the entire baffle plate 7.

(39) By use of the step 12, the outer edge 11 forms an encircling separation edge over which the water flow flows downward.

(40) This is particularly expedient for the initiation of the turbulence, which will be described further below.

(41) It can be seen in FIG. 3 that the baffle plate 7 is arranged relative to the inlet opening 5 such that the inlet opening 5 is situated in the middle or centrally, that is to say in this case concentrically, with respect to the baffle plate 7.

(42) On the baffle plate 7, there is formed a central support 13 which supports the functional unit 2. In further exemplary embodiments, the central support 13 may also be formed integrally on the functional unit 2 and seated on the baffle plate 7 or may engage into a recess formed there.

(43) This support 13 forms a flow divider 14 which prevents water flowing from the inlet opening 5 from being able to flow to the central axis 8 and across the central axis 8. Rather, the flow divider 14 has the effect that the inflowing water is diverted radially substantially rectilinearly outward from the inlet openings 5. The flow divider 14 furthermore fills a central region, which is not required and in which there is a risk of turbulence forming, of the diffuser space 6.

(44) By the support 13, the housing, formed as a carrier plate 37, of the flow regulators 15, 16 is also supported centrally on the baffle plate 7.

(45) In the exemplary embodiment as per FIGS. 2 to 6, the functional unit 2 has two flow regulators 15, 16. Here, the flow regulators 15, 16 are each equipped, in a manner known per se, with an elastically deformable regulating body as regulating element 22, 23, which in a pressure-dependent manner adjusts an opening cross section of a control gap formed downstream of the regulating body. The regulating elements 22, 23 are each arranged in an annular gap 20, 21. For a space-saving arrangement, the flow regulators 15, 16 are arranged concentrically one inside the other and in a nested configuration. Said regulating gaps jointly form the inlet opening 5.

(46) In further exemplary embodiments, other flow regulators or combinations of flow regulators and restrictors, or only restrictors, are provided.

(47) A jet aerating device 17 is positioned downstream of the diffuser 3 in a flow direction in FIGS. 2 to 6. The jet aerating device 17 has a collecting chamber 18 which is positioned downstream of the diffuser space 6 and which is opened up by the abovementioned step 12. This collecting chamber 18 is of annular encircling form and opens into an annular chamber 24 via a multiplicity of radial passage openings 19. Here, the annular chamber 24 is of annular encircling form and may be continuously open or formed so as to be partially interrupted by intermediate portions. In the present exemplary embodiment, the annular chamber 24 is of continuously open form.

(48) Positioned downstream of the annular chamber 24 is an outlet nozzle 25 which is formed as an annular gap and which follows the profile of the annular chamber 24.

(49) Below the outlet nozzle 25, there are formed outwardly leading aeration openings 32 which extend in a uniformly distributed manner along the circumference.

(50) Through this aeration opening 32, air from the outside enters via the outlet nozzle 25—that is to say counter to the flow direction of the water—into the annular chamber 24, in which said air is mixed with the water sputtering past.

(51) On the other side of the flow divider 14, the diffuser space 6 has a constant height, that is to say vertical dimension, and thus forms a flow straightener which has few obstructions, and which is preferably free from obstructions.

(52) Here, the height of the diffuser space 6, that is to say its extent along the central axis 8 or in the longitudinal direction, is smaller than half of the height of the downstream collecting chamber 18, that is to say of the extent thereof along the central axis 8.

(53) FIG. 13 shows an enlarged illustration from FIG. 2.

(54) Into the cross section of the annular chamber 24 there is fitted or inscribed an ellipse 26, whose side ratio of the length of the semi-minor axis to the semi-major axis is equal to 0.53 and thus amounts to more than 0.433. In further exemplary embodiments, ellipses can be fitted whose side ratio of semi-minor axis to semi-major axis is more than 0.45, 0.5, 0.6 or even 0.69.

(55) The fitted ellipse 26 thus fills the annular chamber 24 in the most effective possible manner.

(56) It can be seen in FIG. 14 that the collecting chamber 18 has, on the base, a guide surface 27 which guides the inflowing water into the annular chamber 24.

(57) If the guide surface 27 is elongated into the annular chamber 24, it can be seen that, in the annular chamber part 31 thus formed above the guide surface 27, there can be fitted an ellipse 26 whose side ratio of the semi-minor axis to the semi-major axis is approximately 0.69 and thus greater than 0.52 and even greater than 0.55 and greater than 0.6.

(58) This ellipse 28 describes, as a close approximation, the profile of the water flow downstream of the inlet into the annular chamber 24 from the guide surface 27.

(59) This approximately circular path configuration leads to aeration and thus air enrichment before the water emerges to the outlet nozzle 25.

(60) In the illustrations as per FIG. 3, FIG. 13 and FIG. 14, it can be seen that the annular chamber 24 has, transversely with respect to its extent direction, a longitudinal section which has a parallelogram-shaped form. To form a sufficiently narrow outlet nozzle 25, a step-like constriction 30 is thus formed at the outflow-side end of the annular chamber 24.

(61) The outlet nozzle 25 is formed by an encircling annular gap 20 between the diffuser insert 4 and a housing sleeve 33.

(62) It can also be seen in FIG. 3 that the annular chamber 24 is, in a longitudinal section, arranged so as to be offset downward, or toward an outlet 34, in relation to the upstream collecting chamber 18.

(63) It is achieved in this way that, in this longitudinal section, the annular chamber 24 extends both above and below the guide surface 27.

(64) FIGS. 7 to 10 show different views of a further sanitary installation part 1 according to the invention. Components and functional units which are similar or identical in terms of construction and/or function to the exemplary embodiments above are denoted by the same reference designations and will not be described separately again. The statements relating to FIGS. 2 to 6 therefore apply correspondingly to FIGS. 7 to 10.

(65) The exemplary embodiment as per FIGS. 7 to 10 differs from the exemplary embodiment above at least in that the baffle plate 7 is not of entirely planar form, but rather has a ski-jump-shaped elevation 35 at its radially outer end, by which the outlet opening 9 forms a nozzle. The ski-jump-shaped elevation 35 is in this case dimensioned such that the baffle plate 7 is still of substantially planar and obstruction-free design.

(66) FIGS. 11 and 12 show a further exemplary embodiment according to the invention of a sanitary installation part 1. Again, components and functional units which are similar or identical in terms of construction and/or function are denoted by the same reference designations and will not be described separately. The statements relating to the exemplary embodiments above therefore apply correspondingly to FIGS. 11 and 12.

(67) The exemplary embodiment as per FIGS. 11 and 12 differs from the exemplary embodiments above in that the annular chamber 24 does not have a parallelogram-shaped cross-sectional form in longitudinal section.

(68) Rather, here, a trapezoidal form is at least approximately realized, in the case of which the upper end of the annular chamber 24 is widened such that the diffuser insert 4 is no longer supported by solid material of the housing sleeve 33. For the support of the diffuser insert 4, plate-like projections 36 are formed here, which project into the annular chamber 24.

(69) These projections 36 serve firstly for holding the diffuser insert 4 and secondly for diverting water flows, which flow along the extent direction of the circular annular chamber 24, in a radially inward direction. This further improves the mixing of the water flows.

(70) These projections 36 are preferably formed correspondingly to the position of the passage openings 19.

(71) FIGS. 15 and 16 show the ellipses 26, 28 analogously to FIGS. 13 and 14 for the situation of the installation part 1 as per FIGS. 11 and 12.

(72) It can be seen that, due to the particular shaping of the annular chamber 24, the fitted ellipses 26, 28 are oriented obliquely in relation to the central axis 8 which predefines the longitudinal direction of the installation part 1. In the present case, the ellipse 26 has a side ratio of 0.55 of semi-minor axis to semi-major axis, that is to say lies above a ratio of 0.52. By contrast, the ellipse 28 has a side ratio of approximately 0.69 of semi-minor axis to semi-major axis.

(73) FIGS. 17 and 18 show illustrations analogous to FIGS. 13 and 14. Components and functional units which are similar or identical in terms of construction and/or function are denoted by the same reference designations and will not be described separately. The statements relating to FIGS. 1 to 16 therefore apply correspondingly to FIGS. 17 and 18.

(74) In FIG. 17, the ratio of semi-minor axis (associated diameter 2b) to semi-major axis (associated diameter 2a) of the ellipse 26 amounts to 0.55. In FIG. 18, the ratio of semi-minor axis (associated diameter 2b) to semi-major axis (associated diameter 2a) of the ellipse 26 amounts to 0.69.

(75) FIGS. 19 and 20 show different views of a further sanitary installation part 1 according to the invention. These figures will be described jointly below. Components and functional units which are similar or identical in terms of construction and/or function to one of the installation parts above as per FIGS. 1 to 18 are denoted by the same reference designations and will not be described separately again. The statements relating to FIGS. 1 to 18 therefore apply correspondingly to FIGS. 19 and 20.

(76) The installation part 1 as per FIGS. 19 and 20 differs from the preceding exemplary embodiments firstly in that the diffuser space 6 does not have a profile 39 with constant height. Rather, along the main flow direction 38 between the upstream inlet opening 5, which is assigned to the flow regulator 15, and the downstream inlet opening 5′, which is assigned to the flow regulator 16, there is formed a profile widening 40 by which the cross-sectional area of the diffuser space 6 of a cylinder envelope around the axis 8 changes, in an outward direction, over-proportionately in relation to the radius of the cylinder envelope. By this increase in area, the additional water flow that enters through the downstream inlet opening 5′ into the water flow from the upstream inlet opening 5, can be accommodated without significant turbulence being generated. In further exemplary embodiments, the profile ramp 41 may additionally or alternatively be formed on the functional unit 2. The gradient of the profile ramp 41 is in this case selected such that the profile widening 40 defines an enlargement of an area of a cross-sectional area of the diffuser space 6 transversely with respect to the main flow direction 38, which enlargement is adapted to an area of a cross-sectional area of the downstream inlet opening 5′. It can thus be stated that the area of a cylinder envelope around the axis 8 in the diffuser space 6 downstream of the profile widening 40 is larger, by the area of the downstream inlet opening 5′, than the corresponding area upstream of the profile widening 40. Here, the invention utilizes the continuity equation to attain an approximately constant flow speed.

(77) The exemplary embodiment as per FIGS. 19 and 20 furthermore differs from the preceding exemplary embodiments in that the flow divider 14 is formed as a pin not on the baffle plate 8 but—so as to point downward—integrally on the functional unit 2. The functional unit 2 is thus supported on the baffle plate 8 and on the diffuser insert 4.

(78) In the case of the sanitary installation part 1 with a diffuser 3 arranged downstream of a functional unit 2 and with an annular chamber 24 arranged downstream of the diffuser 3, it is provided that an area of an opening cross section of an outlet opening 9 of the diffuser 3 be configured to be at most 10% larger than an area of an opening cross section of an inlet opening 5, 5′ of the diffuser 3, and/or that the annular chamber 24 be formed with a contour which, in a longitudinal section of the installation part 1, permits the inscribing of an ellipse 26, 28 with the smallest possible eccentricity.

LIST OF REFERENCE DESIGNATIONS

(79) 1 Installation part 2 Functional unit 3 Diffuser 4 Diffuser insert 5 (Upstream) inlet opening 5′ (Downstream) inlet opening 6 Diffuser space 7 Baffle plate 8 Central axis 9 Outlet opening 10 Flow obstruction 11 Outer edge 12 Step 13 Support 14 Flow divider 15 Flow regulator 16 Flow regulator 17 Jet aerating device 18 Collecting chamber 19 Passage opening 20 Annular gap 21 Annular gap 22 Regulating element 23 Regulating element 24 Annular chamber 25 Outlet nozzle 26 Ellipse 27 Guide surface 28 Ellipse 29 Flow straightener 30 Constriction 31 Annular chamber part 32 Aeration opening 33 Housing sleeve 34 Outlet 35 Elevation 36 Projection 37 Carrier plate 38 Main flow direction 39 Profile 40 Profile widening