Coolant Circuit in a Vehicle

Abstract

A coolant circuit in a vehicle includes a first flow control unit disposed in a main duct between an engine and a radiator. The first flow control unit, as a function of a temperature of a coolant, thermostatically controls a flow of the coolant. A bypass duct is fluidically disposed parallel to the radiator where the bypass duct opens into the main duct after the radiator and branches off the main duct between the engine and the first flow control unit. A second flow control unit is disposed in the bypass duct where the second flow control unit is configured such that the second flow control unit opens or closes the bypass duct as a function of the temperature of the coolant.

Claims

1.-11. (canceled)

12. A coolant circuit in a vehicle, comprising: a pump (18); an engine (12); a radiator (14); a first flow control unit (22) disposed in a main duct (20) between the engine (12) and the radiator (14), wherein the first flow control unit (22) has a first valve (32) and an actuator (30) and wherein the first flow control unit (22), as a function of a temperature of a coolant, in a stepless manner, thermostatically controls in an open loop or a closed loop a flow of the coolant; a bypass duct (24) which is fluidically disposed parallel to the radiator (14), wherein the bypass duct (24) opens into the main duct (20) after the radiator (14) and branches off the main duct (20) between the engine (12) and the first flow control unit (22); and a second flow control unit (26) disposed in the bypass duct (24), wherein the second flow control unit (26) has a second valve (34) and is configured such that the second flow control unit (26) opens or closes the bypass duct (24) as a function of the temperature of the coolant.

13. The coolant circuit according to claim 12, wherein a first temperature sensor (28) is assigned to the first flow control unit (22) and the second flow control unit (26) or wherein the first temperature sensor (28) is assigned to the first flow control unit (22) and a second temperature sensor (48) is assigned to the second flow control unit (26).

14. The coolant circuit according to claim 12, wherein a first temperature sensor (28) is disposed in the engine (12) or in a flow direction directly downstream of the engine (12) and wherein the first temperature sensor (28) detects the temperature of the coolant.

15. The coolant circuit according to claim 12, wherein a first temperature sensor (28) is integrated in the first flow control unit (22) and a second temperature sensor (48) is integrated in the second flow control unit (26).

16. The coolant circuit according to claim 12, wherein the first valve (32) of the first flow control unit (22) does not direct the coolant into the radiator at a low temperature of the coolant below 80° C. and directs the coolant at a maximum flow rate into the radiator when an operating temperature of the coolant is reached.

17. The coolant circuit according to claim 12, wherein the second valve (34) of the second flow control unit (26) opens the bypass duct (24) at a low temperature of the coolant below 80° C. and closes the bypass duct (24) when an operating temperature of the coolant is reached.

18. The coolant circuit according to claim 12, wherein the first flow control unit (22) is configured as an expansion-material thermostat.

19. The coolant circuit according to claim 12, wherein the second flow control unit (26) is configured as an expansion-material thermostat.

20. The coolant circuit according to claim 12, wherein the second valve (34) of the second flow control unit (26) is a pressure valve.

21. The coolant circuit according to claim 12, wherein the first flow control unit (22) and/or the second flow control unit (26) is configured as a throttle thermostat.

22. The coolant circuit according to claim 12 further comprising an oil/coolant heat exchanger (16).

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] FIG. 1 shows a schematic construction of a first embodiment of a coolant circuit according to the invention;

[0021] FIG. 2 shows a schematic construction of a second embodiment of the coolant circuit according to the invention;

[0022] FIG. 3 shows a schematic construction of a third embodiment of the coolant circuit according to the invention; and

[0023] FIG. 4 shows a schematic construction of a fourth embodiment of the coolant circuit according to the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The coolant circuit 10 shown in FIG. 1 comprises an engine 12, a radiator 14, an oil/coolant heat exchanger 16, and a pump 18. A main duct 20 fluidically connects the engine 12 to the radiator 14, the radiator 14 to the oil/coolant heat exchanger 16, the oil/coolant heat exchanger 16 to the pump 18, and the pump 18 to the engine 12.

[0025] A first flow control unit 22 is provided between the engine 12 and the radiator 14.

[0026] A bypass duct 24 branches off from the main duct 20 between the engine 12 and the first flow control unit 22. The bypass duct 24 is fluidically disposed so as to be parallel to the radiator 14 and after the radiator 14 opens into the main duct 20.

[0027] A second flow control unit 26 is disposed in the bypass duct 24.

[0028] The two flow control units 22, 26 in terms of their position and in fluidic terms are disposed so as to be remote from one another in the coolant circuit 10.

[0029] In the embodiment shown here, the first flow control unit 22 comprises a first, integrated temperature sensor 28, a first actuator 30, and a first valve 32, all being integrated in the first flow control unit 22.

[0030] The first temperature sensor 28 can be, for example, an electronic temperature sensor which electronically actuates the first actuator 30.

[0031] Optionally however, the first temperature sensor 28 can also be part of the first actuator 30 which mechanically, or in particular thermo-mechanically, controls in an open loop or closed loop the first valve 32, for example in that an expansion-material sensor simultaneously acts as the actuator 30. The first temperature sensor 28 here is integrated in the first actuator 30 so that the first actuator 30 per se senses the temperature of the coolant, the first temperature sensor 28 thus no longer being an additional external component. For the sake of simplicity, the actuator and the temperature sensor assigned to the actuator are referred to as two individual components in the present application.

[0032] The first valve 32 is coupled to the first actuator 30 and, as a function of the coolant temperature, is adjusted in a stepless manner by the first actuator 30. Because the first valve 32 in the first flow control unit 22 is adjusted based on the temperature of the coolant as measured by the first temperature sensor 28, the first flow control unit 22 is directly a function of the temperature of the coolant.

[0033] The first flow control unit 22 can be configured as an expansion-material thermostat (for example a wax actuator) and in particular as a throttle thermostat.

[0034] The second flow control unit 26 comprises a second valve 34 by which a spring 36 is pre-loaded counter to flow direction of the coolant.

[0035] The second valve 34 can be configured as a purely mechanical pressure valve and in particular as a pressure relief valve.

[0036] Because the second flow control unit 26 does not comprise any temperature sensor which measures the temperature of the coolant, and based on the latter controls in an open loop or closed loop the flow of the coolant, the second flow control unit 26 is indirectly dependent on the temperature of the coolant. In other words, the second flow control unit 26 is influenced by an adjustment of the first valve 32 of the first flow control unit 22, initiated as a function of the temperature of the coolant, and is a passively operating flow control unit.

[0037] In the situation illustrated in FIG. 1, the coolant is cold, as arises when cold-starting a vehicle, for example. The first flow control unit 22 in the embodiment described here comprises an expansion-material thermostat, in particular a throttle thermostat, for example having a wax actuator.

[0038] The first actuator 30 is thus not externally actuated and detects “by itself” the temperature of the coolant and accordingly adjusts the first valve 32.

[0039] As long as the temperature of the coolant is below a specific, pre-set limit value (for example 80° C.), the first valve 32 is in a position closed to the maximum. Consequently, the flow of the coolant toward the radiator is suppressed and the coolant builds up ahead of the first valve 32.

[0040] This leads to an increase in the pressure ahead of the first flow control unit 22 and ahead of the second flow control unit 26. As soon as the pressure ahead of the first flow control unit 22 exceeds a specific limit value, the latter being able to be set by the pre-tension force of the spring 36, for example, the second valve 34 opens and the coolant can flow through the bypass duct 24.

[0041] After the bypass duct 24, the coolant opens into the main duct 20 downstream of the radiator 14, and is further pumped into the oil/coolant heat exchanger 16. A thermal exchange between oil and coolant can take place therein.

[0042] The coolant is thereafter directed toward the pump 18 where the coolant is pumped further into the engine 12. A thermal transfer from the warming-up engine 12 to the cooler coolant takes place therein.

[0043] The heated coolant thereafter flows to the first flow control unit 22 and to the second flow control unit 26. Should the coolant not yet have reached the limit value of the temperature, the first valve 32 remains closed. As long as the first valve 32 is closed, the coolant in the shorted coolant circuit circulates by way of the bypass duct 24, past the radiator 14.

[0044] Upon reaching the lower temperature limit value of the coolant, the first actuator 30 in a stepless manner opens the first valve 32 of the first flow control unit 22, as a result of which a partial flow of the coolant toward the radiator 14 is released. The coolant is cooled therein and, downstream of the opening of the bypass duct 24 into the main duct 20, mixes with the warmer coolant. The heating of the coolant in the shorted coolant circuit is reduced as a result thereof.

[0045] Upon reaching a predefined operating temperature of the coolant (for example 95° C.), the first valve 32 is in a position opened to the maximum, as a result of which coolant no longer backs up ahead of the first flow control unit 22 and the second flow control unit 26, and the pressure ahead of the second flow control unit 26 consequently drops below the limit value at which the tension force of the spring 36 is greater than the pressure generated by the coolant acting on the second valve 34. As a result, the second valve 34 is in a position closed to the maximum, and the flow of coolant through the second flow control unit 26 is suppressed.

[0046] The entire volumetric flow of coolant now flows in the main duct 20 by way of the radiator 14. The coolant is thus constantly heated in the engine 12 and cooled in the radiator 14, as a result of which the coolant temperature can be kept consistent.

[0047] An embodiment of the coolant circuit 10′ which is substantially identical to that of FIG. 1 is shown in FIG. 2. For this reason, a repetition of explanations relating to identical components is dispensed with.

[0048] The flow control units 22, 26 in the coolant circuit 10′ from FIG. 2 are of a different construction.

[0049] In the embodiment shown here, the first temperature sensor 28 is no longer integrated in the first flow control unit 22 but is positioned in the engine 12 so as to be remote from the first flow control unit 22.

[0050] It is advantageous for the first temperature sensor 28 to be disposed in the engine 12 or in the flow direction directly downstream of the engine 12, because this makes it possible for the warmest coolant temperatures to be detected.

[0051] The first actuator 30 is electronically actuated by the first temperature sensor 28, the latter potentially being configured as an electronic temperature sensor, for example, by way of a signal transmission 38 which can in particular be unidirectional.

[0052] The opening and closing of the first valve 32 is performed in a stepless manner, as has already been described in the context of the coolant circuit 10 of FIG. 1, and is a direct function of the temperature of the coolant.

[0053] An electronically actuated pressure valve is used instead of a mechanical pressure valve in the coolant circuit 10′. In the embodiment illustrated here, the pressure is detected by means of a pressure sensor 40 which in the flow direction is upstream of the second flow control unit 26.

[0054] A second actuator 44 is actuated by the pressure sensor 40 by way of a signal transmission 42 which can in particular be configured so as to be unidirectional.

[0055] The second flow control unit 26 can be configured such that it operates only in two operating states (open or closed), that is to say that the second flow control unit 26 is closed or open, respectively, when a specific, preset limit value is undershot or overshot.

[0056] The second valve 34 of the second flow control unit 26 can optionally be closed or opened in a stepless manner between a lower pressure limit value and an upper pressure limit value.

[0057] The pressure sensor 40 can be freely positioned between the engine 12 and the first flow control unit 22 or the second flow control unit 26.

[0058] The first flow control unit 22 and the second flow control unit 26 here can in each case be configured as an electronically actuated throttle thermostat, for example.

[0059] In the situation shown here, the engine 12 and the coolant are at the operating temperature. The flow through the first flow control unit 22 toward the radiator 14 is opened, and the flow through the bypass duct 24 is closed by the second flow control unit 26.

[0060] The coolant circuit 10″ shown in FIG. 3 is substantially similar to the coolant circuits 10, 10′ shown above, which is why a repetition of explanations relating to identical components is also dispensed with hereunder.

[0061] The first temperature sensor 28 in the embodiment shown here of the coolant circuit 10″ is assigned to the first flow control unit 22 and the second flow control unit 26.

[0062] The first actuator 30 and the second actuator 44 are in each case electronically actuated by a signal transmission 38 from the first temperature sensor 28. The first temperature sensor 28 is positioned in the engine 12 and can be embodied as an electronic temperature sensor, for example.

[0063] The first temperature sensor 28 can optionally be positioned directly downstream of the engine 12.

[0064] A second temperature sensor 48, which is assigned to the second flow control unit and is likewise positioned in the engine 12 or directly downstream of the engine 12, would also be conceivable.

[0065] The first flow control unit 22 and the second flow control unit 26 can in each case be embodied as a throttle thermostat, for example.

[0066] The two flow control units 22, 26 are optionally connected by a communications link 46. This means that the two flow control units 22, 26 can exchange, in particular bidirectionally, items of information pertaining to the respective state of the flow control units 22, 26 (for example the degree of opening).

[0067] As a result, it is possible for the opening and closing of one flow control unit to be tuned with the closing and opening of the other flow control unit. For example, when opening the first valve 32 of the first flow control unit 22, the second valve 34 of the second flow control unit 26 is thus closed to the same extent.

[0068] In the presence of such a communications link 46, the two flow control units 22, 26 do not have to be connected to the first temperature sensor 28 by way of the signal transmission 38. It suffices for only one flow control unit to be connected to the first temperature sensor 28 by way of the signal transmission 38, and to communicate the state of the one flow control unit to the other flow control unit by way of the communications link 46.

[0069] The opening and closing of the valves 32, 34 of the flow control units 22, 26 in the embodiment shown here takes place in a stepless manner and is a direct function of the temperature of the coolant.

[0070] The coolant circuit 10″′ shown in FIG. 4 is substantially similar to the coolant circuits 10, 10′, 10″ shown above, which is why a repetition of explanations relating to identical components is also dispensed with hereunder.

[0071] The first temperature sensor 28 in the coolant circuit 10′″ is integrated in the first flow control unit 22, and a second temperature sensor 48 is integrated in the second flow control unit 26. Both temperature sensors 28, 48 thus detect the temperature of the coolant in the immediate region of the respective flow control unit 22, 26.

[0072] The two flow control units 22, 26 can in each case be configured as an expansion-material thermostat (for example a throttle thermostat).

[0073] The temperature sensors 28, 48 here are integrated in the respective actuator 30, 44 so that the actuators 30, 44 sense the temperature of the coolant “by themselves” and, as a function thereof, adjust the respectively assigned valve 32, 34 in a stepless manner.

[0074] Consequently, the two flow control units 22, 26 are directly dependent on the temperature of the coolant.