Abstract
An energy storage device for a motor vehicle includes a plurality of round cells for electrochemically storing energy, and a storage housing in which the plurality of round cells is provided. In the installed position, the round cells run substantially parallel to the vehicle transverse axis. The round cells are arranged within the storage housing in multiple layers in the direction of the vehicle vertical axis, wherein the number of layers varies in the direction of the vehicle longitudinal axis.
Claims
1.-15. (canceled)
16. An energy storage device for a motor vehicle, the energy storage device comprising: a plurality of round cells for electrochemically storing energy; and a storage housing, in which the plurality of round cells is provided, wherein: in an installed position, the round cells run substantially parallel to a vehicle transverse axis; the round cells are arranged within the storage housing in multiple layers in a direction of a vehicle vertical axis; a number of the layers varies in a direction of a vehicle longitudinal axis.
17. The energy storage device according to claim 16, wherein a length-to-diameter ratio of the round cells has a value between 5 and 30.
18. The energy storage device according to claim 17, wherein the value is between 7 and 15.
19. The energy storage device according to claim 18, wherein the value is between 9 and 11.
20. The energy storage device according to claim 16, wherein each of the round cells comprises at least one coated semifinished electrode product, which does not have a mechanical separating edge perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the round cells, the separating edge having been produced by a separation method after coating of the semifinished electrode products.
21. The energy storage device according to claim 16, wherein each of the round cells comprises at least one coated semifinished electrode product with a rectangular cross section, wherein a length of a longer side of the semifinished electrode product substantially corresponds to a total width of a carrier layer web, which has been coated with anode material or cathode material in order to form the semifinished electrode product.
22. The energy storage device according to claim 16, wherein: the storage housing has a top side, a housing contour of the top side is adapted to a lower internal contour of a passenger cabin of the motor vehicle, and a total height of the multiple layers is varied to adapt to the housing contour by virtue of immediately adjacent round cells of a first layer of the multiple layers being spaced further apart from one another in a first region of the layer in the direction of the vehicle longitudinal axis than immediately adjacent round cells in a second region of the first layer.
23. The energy storage device according to claim 16, wherein at least one bottom layer of the multiple layers extends from a front foot region of the storage housing, the foot region being adjacent to a front footwell, up to a rear seat region of the storage housing, wherein the rear seat region is adjacent to the rear seat.
24. The energy storage device according to claim 16, wherein fewer layers are arranged in at least one of foot regions of the storage housing that are adjacent to a front foot well or a rear foot well than in a seat region of the storage housing that is adjacent to at least one of front seats or rear seats.
25. The energy storage device according to claim 16, wherein at least the round cells of a bottom layer of the multiple layers are oriented such that all ends of the round cells provided on one side of the bottom layer have a same polarity.
26. The energy storage device according to claim 16, wherein a plurality of the round cells of a layer of the multiple layers are connected to one another by an adhesive applied over the plurality of the round cells.
27. The energy storage device according to claim 16, wherein at least one at least partly undulating position element is provided on a housing base, and a plurality of the round cells are accommodated in the position element in order to form a layer of the multiple layers.
28. The energy storage device according to claim 16, wherein cooling elements for cooling the round cells are provided between at least two layers of the multiple layers.
29. The energy storage device according to claim 28, wherein the cooling elements have an at least partly undulating design.
30. The energy storage device according to claim 16, wherein each of the round cells has at least one degassing opening at each of two ends.
31. A motor vehicle comprising the energy storage device according to claim 16.
32. A method for producing an electrochemical storage cell, the method comprising: after at least one carrier layer web forming a semifinished electrode product has been coated with cathode material or anode material, winding the semifinished electrode product to form a storage cell, without subjecting the carrier layer web to a further separation in a longitudinal direction of the carrier layer web after the coating.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0030] FIG. 1 shows a schematic section of a longitudinal section through a motor vehicle according to the prior art.
[0031] FIG. 2 shows a schematic section of a longitudinal section through a motor vehicle according to the technology disclosed here.
[0032] FIG. 3 shows a schematic section of a longitudinal section through a motor vehicle according to a further exemplary embodiment of the technology disclosed here.
[0033] FIG. 4 shows a schematic cross-sectional view along the line IV-IV according to FIG. 5.
[0034] FIG. 5 shows a schematic cross-sectional view along the line V-V of FIG. 4.
[0035] FIG. 6 shows a schematic cross-sectional view along the line VI-VI of FIG. 4.
[0036] FIG. 7 shows a schematic cross-sectional view along the line VII-VII of FIG. 4.
[0037] FIG. 8 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a further configuration.
[0038] FIG. 9 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a further configuration.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0039] FIG. 1 shows a schematic section of a longitudinal section through a motor vehicle according to the prior art. The high-voltage battery 1 shown here comprises a plurality of prismatic cells 3. The cells 3 are arranged upright. No cells can be arranged in the rear foot region here since there is not enough installation height available for the cells. Furthermore, two layers of cells cannot be arranged above one another underneath the front seats or underneath the rear seats either. The contour of the housing 3 of the high-voltage battery 1 conforms to the design of the prismatic cells 3.
[0040] FIG. 2 shows a schematic section of a longitudinal section through a motor vehicle according to the technology disclosed here. The storage cells of the energy storage device 100 are configured here as round cells 120, which are accommodated in the storage housing 110 in a manner organized in layers. The round cells 120 are arranged here substantially parallel to the vehicle transverse axis Y. The bottom layer of round cells extends here counter to the direction of the vehicle longitudinal axis X from the front foot region FV of the storage housing 110 up to the rear seat region SH of the storage housing 100. The rear seat region SH is arranged here underneath the rear bench seat. The number of layers varies in the direction of the vehicle longitudinal axis X in order to therefore utilize the installation space in optimum fashion. The height of the individual round cells 120 or the layers in the direction of the vehicle vertical axis Z results here from the maximum external diameter of the round cells 120. Since the maximum external diameter of the round cells 120 is comparatively low in comparison to previously known prismatic cells, the installation space present here in the direction of the vehicle vertical axis Z can be much better utilized. Furthermore, the housing contour KG is advantageously adapted here to the internal contour KI of the passenger cabin 150 (cf. also FIG. 5). For the purpose of better utilization of installation space, the immediately adjacent round cells 120 are in this case spaced further apart from another in the rear seat region SH or first region B1 in a direction parallel to the vehicle longitudinal axis X than the immediately adjacent round cells 120 in the front seat region SV or second region B2. Owing to this measure, in the first region B1 the round cells 120 of the immediately adjacent second layer can penetrate deeper into the intermediate regions of the first or bottom layer, as a result of which in this first region a total of three layers can be integrated. Without this measure, only two layers would be able to be arranged in this installation space.
[0041] FIG. 3 shows a schematic section of a longitudinal section through a motor vehicle according to a further exemplary embodiment of the technology disclosed here. In the following description of the alternative exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIG. 3, identical reference signs are used for features that are identical and/or at least comparable in terms of their configuration and/or mode of operation in comparison to the first exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2. If they are not explained again in detail, the configuration and/or mode of operation thereof corresponds to the configuration and/or mode of operation of the features already described above. The configuration according to FIG. 3 differs from the previous configuration in that the internal contour KI and the housing contour KG of the energy storage device 100 in the region of the rear bench seat has been changed. Overall, the energy storage device 100 has more installation space here in the rear seat region in the direction of the vehicle vertical axis Z. Consequently, in comparison to the configuration according to FIG. 2, there are further layers here, of which the top three layers have round cells 120 spaced further apart in the direction of the vehicle longitudinal axis X for the purpose of better adaptation to the overall height.
[0042] FIG. 5 shows a schematic cross-sectional view along the line V-V of FIG. 4. The figure shows the energy storage device 100 of FIG. 2 and the internal contour KI of the motor vehicle. The remaining components of the motor vehicle have been omitted for simplification. The first intermediate region ZB, which is formed by immediately adjacent round cells 120 of the bottom layer L1, is shown in FIG. 5.
[0043] FIG. 4 shows a schematic cross-sectional view along the line IV-IV according to FIG. 5. The plurality of round cells 120 is arranged parallel to the vehicle transverse axis Y. The round cells 120 have a length-to-diameter ratio of approximately 10. The cooling elements 140 are arranged here perpendicularly to the round cells 120 and parallel to the vehicle longitudinal direction X. The cooling elements 140 are of strip-like design. The width of the cooling elements 140 is a multiple smaller than the length of the round cells 120. The cooling elements 140 can be of an essentially undulating design in a cross section perpendicular to the vehicle transverse axis Y. The cooling elements 140 have been omitted in the other views and cross sections for simplification. The adhesive, which can be applied here between the two cooling elements 140, has not been illustrated here and in the other figures. The adhesive is expediently constituted to connect the round cells 120 of a layer L1, L2, L3, L4 to one another. Likewise not shown here are the undulating position elements, which, in one configuration, position the bottom layer on the base of the housing relative to one another. In the configuration shown here, the electrical terminals of the round cells 120 are provided on the outer edge of the bottom layer L1. The round cells 120 preferably each have the degassing opening (not shown here) only toward the outer edge or toward the outer longitudinal support of the motor vehicle. In the embodiment illustrated here, in each case two bottom layers L1 are arranged behind one another in the direction of the vehicle transverse axis Y. The two bottom layers L1 are provided parallel to one another. It is likewise conceivable that only one bottom layer L1 or three bottom layers L1 are provided in the storage housing. It is likewise conceivable that, instead of two round cell stacks, only one round cell stack with correspondingly longer round cells 120 or three round cell stacks with correspondingly shorter round cells 120 is provided.
[0044] FIG. 6 shows a schematic cross-sectional view along the line VI-VI of FIG. 4. Two round cell stacks are arranged in the storage housing 110. In this cross-sectional view, each stack comprises multiple layers L1, L2, L3, L4, which add up to form a total height HL2. The total height HL2 essentially corresponds here to the height of the interior of the storage housing 110, which is delimited here by the base and by the housing contour KG of the top side of the storage housing 110. The layers L1 and L3, whose full diameter can be seen here, are arranged in the foreground here. The layers L2 and L4 are shown here in the background and penetrate into the intermediate regions (cf. FIG. 5).
[0045] FIG. 7 shows a schematic cross-sectional view along the line VII-VII of FIG. 4. The layers L1 and L3 are again provided in the foreground and the layers L2 and L4 are arranged in the background. Unlike in the cross section of FIG. 6, in this case the layers L1 and L3 are immersed much deeper into the intermediate regions ZB such that the resulting overall height HL1 is significantly lower than the overall height HL2 of FIG. 6. Even if the number of round cells 120 per layer is reduced due to the enlarged intermediate region, this technology permits the integration of multiple layers given a low overall height, with the result that overall the electrical storage capacity increases.
[0046] FIG. 8 shows the arrangement of the poles of the round cells in the configuration according to FIG. 5. As already mentioned, the two electrical cell terminals of the round cells 120 are each provided on the external ends. The external ends are the ends that are provided proximally to the outer longitudinal supports of the vehicle body. In each case a degassing opening is also advantageously provided at these ends. Such a configuration can be of a particularly compact design, since the gap between the two round cell stacks can be smaller.
[0047] FIG. 9 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a further configuration. In a manner deviating from the configuration according to FIG. 8, the electrical cell terminals here are provided on both sides of the round cells 120. Such a configuration can advantageously have lower line losses. The round cells 120 of a layer, for example all round cells 120 of the bottom layer L1, have the same polarity (symbolized here by a + sign) on one side of the layer, for example the outer side. On the other side of the same layer, in this case the inner side, all round cells 120 of the same layer have the same polarity, which is opposite to the first side. In the immediately adjacent layer, for example the layer L2, the ends of one side in turn each have electrical terminals of the same polarity. This differs, however, from the polarity of the immediately adjacent layer, for example the bottom layer L1. A layer structure configured in this way with round cells 120 oriented in this way makes it possible to interconnect the round cells 120 in a particularly low-expenditure and energy-efficient manner.
[0048] The preceding description of the present invention is used only for illustrative purposes and not for the purpose of restricting the invention. Within the scope of the invention, various changes and modifications are possible without departing from the scope of the invention and the equivalents thereof. Even if the energy storage device is shown here with round cells, the technology disclosed here can equally be applied to other cell geometries that expediently have the cross section-to-length ratios disclosed here.
