Abstract
A loudspeaker driver or tweeter (e.g., 100, 200 or 300) having a voice coil connected with a loudspeaker diaphragm (e.g., 106, 206 or 306), having a substantially circular diaphragm portion which is connected with or rests upon a voice coil attachment segment (e.g., 104, 204, 304). The diaphragm also includes a first central elliptical (non-circular-shaped) inner roll portion (e.g., 112, 212, 312) defining a central recessed area and a second, outer elliptical (non-circular-shaped) roll portion (e.g., 108, 208, 308) so the central portion and the outer roll portion that have substantially elliptical edge circumferences with substantially circular central peripheral edges to define diaphragm segments with a varying radial Chord lengths having non-uniform diameter dimensions (inside diameter to outside diameter) and when in use, the excursion of the diaphragm is controlled such that any breakup modes are minimized and the associated resonances are minimized.
Claims
1. A loudspeaker driver or tweeter (e.g., 100, 200 or 300) having a chassis and a magnet system defining an annular air gap for a voice coil connected with a loudspeaker diaphragm (e.g., 106, 206 or 306), the loudspeaker diaphragm having a substantially outermost diaphragm portion which interconnects the voice coil at a voice coil attachment segment (e.g., 104, 204, 304) and the chassis that includes an annular, arch-profiled strip area, and having a first central elliptical (non-circular-shaped) central roll portion (e.g., 112, 212, 312) defining a central recessed area (e.g., 114, 214) having an elliptical major or long axis and a minor or short axis, said central recessed area being rigidly fixed to one of the magnet system and the chassis; wherein the loudspeaker also comprises a second, outer elliptical (non-circular-shaped) roll portion (e.g., 108, 208, 308) defining an outer area that is rigidly fixed to one of the magnet system and the chassis; and wherein the central portion and the outer roll portion that have substantially elliptical edge circumferences with substantially circular central peripheral edges connecting to the voice coil former (e.g., at 104, 204, 304).
2. The tweeter of claim 1, wherein said roll height(s) preferably vary in such a manner as to keep the arc-length roughly the same so that the rolls, during excursion have a motion that might be characterized as undulating around the central axis of the tweeter.
3. The tweeter of claim 1, where, when in use, the excursion of the tweeter diaphragm is controlled such that any breakup modes are minimized and the associated resonances are minimized.
4. The tweeter of claim 3, further including a distally projecting waveguide member or bullet-nose shaped member (e.g., 118) which projects distally along the central axis of the tweeter motor structure; and wherein, for an elliptical surround embodiment of the tweeter of the present invention, the distally projecting bullet member (e.g., 118) could also have a substantially elliptical cross section where the major and minor axes of the distally projecting bullet waveguide member are complementary to the major and minor axes of the diaphragm's outer periphery.
5. A tweeter according to claim 1, wherein said central roll or dome portion has a cross section that varies in profile and height (see FIG. 3) between the elliptical major axis and minor axis.
6. A loudspeaker driver or tweeter diaphragm (e.g., 106, 206 or 306) having a substantially circular diaphragm portion which is connected with or rests upon a voice coil attachment segment (e.g., 104, 204, 304); said diaphragm also including a first central elliptical (non-circular-shaped) inner roll portion (e.g., 112, 212, 312) defining a central recessed area having an elliptical major or long axis and a minor or short axis; wherein said diaphragm also comprises a second, outer elliptical (non-circular-shaped) roll portion (e.g., 108, 208, 308) defining an outer area; and wherein the central portion and the outer roll portion that have substantially elliptical edge circumferences with substantially circular central peripheral edges connecting to the voice coil attachment segment (e.g., at 104, 204, 304) define a diaphragm with a varying radial Chord lengths having non-uniform diameter dimensions (from inside diameter to outside diameter).
7. The diaphragm of claim 6, wherein said roll portions have selected roll height(s) which vary to keep the arc-length roughly the same so that the rolls, during diaphragm excursion have a motion which is undulating around the central axis of the diaphragm.
8. The diaphragm of claim 6, where, when in use, the excursion of the diaphragm is controlled such that any breakup modes are minimized and the associated resonances are minimized.
9. The diaphragm of claim 8, further including a distally projecting waveguide member or bullet-nose shaped member which projects distally along the central axis of the diaphragm; and wherein, for an elliptical surround embodiment, the distally projecting bullet member (e.g., 118) could also have a substantially elliptical cross section where the major and minor axes of the distally projecting bullet waveguide member are complementary to the major and minor axes of the diaphragm's outer periphery.
10. The diaphragm of claim 6, wherein said central roll or dome portion (e.g., 212) has a cross section that varies in profile and height between the elliptical major axis and minor axis.
11. The diaphragm of claim 6, wherein said outer roll or dome portion (e.g., 108) has a selected radial chord length W1 along the elliptical long axis for outer diaphragm segment 108; said selected radial chord length W1 being in the range of 3-12 mm.
12. The diaphragm of claim 11, wherein said selected radial chord length W1 along the elliptical long axis for outer diaphragm segment 108 is 8 mm.
13. The diaphragm of claim 11, wherein said inner or central roll or dome portion (e.g., 112) has a selected radial chord length W2 along the elliptical long axis for inner diaphragm segment 112; said selected radial chord length W2 being in the range of 2-10 mm.
14. The diaphragm of claim 13, wherein said selected radial chord length W2 along the elliptical long axis for inner diaphragm segment 112 is 5 mm.
15. The diaphragm of claim 11, wherein said outer roll or dome portion or diaphragm segment (e.g., 108) has a selected radial chord length W3 along the elliptical short axis for outer diaphragm segment 108; said selected radial chord length W3 along the elliptical short axis for outer diaphragm segment 108 being in the range of 2-10 mm.
16. The diaphragm of claim 15, wherein said selected radial chord length W3 along the elliptical short axis for outer diaphragm segment 108 is 5 mm.
17. The diaphragm of claim 15, wherein said inner roll or dome portion or diaphragm segment (e.g., 112) has a selected radial chord length W4 along the elliptical short axis for outer diaphragm segment 112; said selected radial chord length W4 being in the range of 2-10 mm.
18. The diaphragm of claim 17, wherein said selected radial chord length W4 along the elliptical short axis for inner diaphragm segment 112 is 8 mm.
Description
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0010] FIGS. 1A-1C illustrate features of a traditional Ring Radiator Tweeter (e.g., as illustrated in U.S. Pat. No. 6,320,971) and provide an exemplary plot of its frequency response performance, in accordance with the Prior Art.
[0011] FIG. 1D is a perspective view of a modelling simulation result illustrating the undesired strong eigenmodes in the traditional Ring Radiator Tweeter of FIGS. 1A-1C (i.e., having a uniform diaphragm suspension radial Chord length) and provides an exemplary view in uniform gray around the circumference of the diaphragm which shows a strong or dominant mode that involves the entire diaphragm, in accordance with applicant's observations of the Prior Art driver and diaphragm.
[0012] FIGS. 2A and 2B illustrate an embodiment of an Elliptical Ring Radiator Tweeter driver and diaphragm with an elliptical central opening, a circular voice coil attachment and an elliptical outside circumferential edge, where the elliptical central opening and elliptical outer circumferential edge have a similar ratio of major to minor axes, thereby providing a varying radial Chord length as one proceeds around the driver diaphragm's suspension with rolls of constant height, in accordance with the present invention.
[0013] FIG. 2C is a perspective view of a modelling simulation result illustrating the weaker resonant modes in the Elliptical Ring Radiator Tweeter of FIGS. 2A and 2B (i.e., having varying non-uniform diaphragm suspension radial Chord lengths) and provides an exemplary view in the less uniform and more varied uniform gray areas around the circumference of the diaphragm segments which shows no single strong or dominant eigenmode that involves an entire diaphragm segment, in accordance with the method and structure of the present invention.
[0014] FIG. 2D is a plan view with a two axis projection of the Elliptical Ring Radiator Tweeter driver and diaphragm of FIGS. 2A and 2B, but illustrates another embodiment having a distally projecting elliptical section waveguide member affixed upon or within the elliptical central opening and particularly illustrates the cross section views for the short and long axes, in accordance with the method and structure of the present invention.
[0015] FIGS. 3A and 3B illustrate an embodiment of an Elliptical Ring Radiator Tweeter Diaphragm and Damping Method with inner and outer rolls of varying height, in accordance with the present invention.
[0016] FIGS. 4A and 4B illustrate an embodiment of an Elliptical Ring Radiator Tweeter Diaphragm and Damping Method with a circular voice coil mounting position and inner and outer rolls defined around non-coaxial axes, in accordance with the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0017] Referring next to FIGS. 2A-4B, in accordance with the present invention, a tweeter (e.g., 100, 200 or 300) having a non-annular diaphragm or radiating part is driven by a relatively conventional moving-coil driver motor where the voice coil (e.g., 104, 204 or 304) is formed on a substantially cylindrical former and situated in an air gap which focuses magnetic flux (as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B). The driving signal current flowing to the voice coil causes the coil to move along the voice coil former central axis inwardly and outwardly to provide the tweeter's vibratory motion which is translated to the diaphragm and the diaphragms motion is coupled to the air to produce the tweeter sound.
[0018] As noted above, the prior art versions of the ring radiator tweeter (as shown in U.S. Pat. No. 6,320,972 and FIGS. 1A and 1B) are axis-symmetric meaning the cross sections and Radial Chord Lengths (RCL.sub.8 or RCL.sub.12) of the diaphragm segments 8 and 12 do not change or vary substantially as one sweeps around the central axis of the diaphragm segments (e.g., as best seen in FIGS. 1A and 1D). The prior art ring radiator tweeter's axis-symmetric geometry (with substantially constant Radial Chord Lengths RCL.sub.8 and RCL.sub.12) was discovered to lead to sound quality problems arising from fundamental resonances, as described above. In accordance with the method and structure of the present invention, the elliptical ring radiator tweeter diaphragm with varying radial Chord lengths (e.g., as illustrated in FIGS. 2A and 2B) provide diaphragm segments or rolls 108, 112 which are substantially circular at their edges where they meet in the central portion which attaches to the voice coil former (at 104) but are elliptical at the inner edge 112IE and outer edge 108OE, thereby providing a non axis-symmetric cross sections (as best seen in the projections of FIG. 2A. More specifically, the rolls of the diaphragm segments 108, 112 are non axis-symmetric.
[0019] Since the outer and inner rolls 108, 112 are not axis-symmetric and have varying diameter dimensions (inside diameter to outside diameter) or radial Chord lengths, there is no one resonance frequency that fits either roll around its entire circumference (as in the view of prior art tweeter diaphragm of FIG. 1D) rather, since the geometry changes as the roll sweeps around the elliptical path, a variety of frequencies may create resonances but each frequency only fits over a small percentage of the diaphragm's surface area (e.g., as best seen in FIG. 2C). This means that instead of one strong resonance eigenmode being caused by the whole roll (e.g., 8, as seen in FIG. 1D) vibrating in sympathy with one frequency there are a wider range of frequencies causing smaller resonances whose individual effects are each much weaker and thereby have less of a deleterious effect on the performance of the tweeter of the present invention.
[0020] Each of the tweeter diaphragms of the present invention is preferably configured for use in a modified ring radiator style tweeter transducer having a motor incorporating a permanent magnet having an upper pole surface and a lower pole surface, an inner cylindrical voice coil gap, lumen or aperture around a central voice coil Z axis (e.g., 101), where the aperture is defined by an inner surface of the magnet (not shown, but similar to that shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B. Mounted on and in contact with the upper pole surface is an annular front plate which forms an upper pole piece for the motor. This front plate has a central lumen or aperture having a selected inner diameter defined by an inner circumferential edge or wall and has a thickness which defines a front plate axial length of the magnetic gap (which is centered beneath the voice coil attachment portion, e.g., 104 in FIG. 2A). For driver 100, the diaphragm segment roll height (RH, as best seen in FIG. 2B) is preferably 4 mm, but may be in the range of 2-6 mm.
[0021] Referring back to FIG. 2A, and particularly to the cross section views for the short and long axes, the dimensions for the various portions are shown. In an exemplary embodiment, Elliptical ring radiator tweeter 100 has a nominal working diaphragm diameter of 15-30 millimeters (“mm”), and this comprises, for the long axis twice the first radial chord length of segment 108 (W1) plus twice the first radial chord length of segment 112 (W2) plus the long axis length of the central segment 114 (D1). A similar calculation along the short axis uses twice the second radial chord length of segment 108 (W3) plus twice the second radial chord length of segment 112 (W4) plus the short axis length of the central segment 114 (D2).
[0022] In table form, the range for each dimension and the preferred embodiment's dimensions (for diaphragm 106) are as follows:
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Elliptical Tweeter 100 Dimensions (in mm) Range/Preferred Embodiment’s Ideal H W1 W2 W3 W4 D1 D2 Const. 2-6 3-12 2-10 2-10 3-12 3-8 2-7 Roll Ht. 4 8 5 5 8 6 4
[0023] Referring next to FIG. 2B, speaker or driver assembly 100 is defined around a central axis 101 and has a magnet system with an annular air gap 102 for a voice coil assembly 104 connected to a loudspeaker diaphragm 106. The construction is comparable to prior art speakers (e.g., of FIGS. 1A and 1B), having an annular edge suspension 108 of annular ring domed or half doughnut surface shaped cross section connecting the voice coil assembly 104 with a surrounding chassis portion 110, and normally having the voice coil connected with the inner ring dome 112 having a retracted central, elliptical flat portion 114 which is rigidly secured to a central portion 116 of the driver motor assembly's fixed structure. An optional distally projecting waveguide feature (e.g., distally projecting elliptical section waveguide member 118, as best seen in FIG. 2D) may be mounted upon the central portion 116 of the driver motor assembly's fixed structure.
[0024] The improved performance of the resonance damping method of the present invention is illustrated by comparing FIG. 1D (illustrating the undesired strong eigenmodes in the traditional Ring Radiator Tweeter) with FIG. 2C (illustrating the scattered resonant modes in the Elliptical Ring Radiator Tweeter 100 of FIGS. 2A and 2B, which, in use, provides less audible resonant modes shown in the less uniform and more varied gray areas around the circumference of the diaphragm segments, with no single strong or dominant eigenmode that involves an entire diaphragm segment.
[0025] In the second embodiment of the present invention (200, as illustrated in FIGS. 3A and 3B) the arc-length of the outer and inner rolls 208, 212 varies as they sweep around the path to form the rolls This variation in arc-length has two desired effects; first, it keeps the excursion potential of the roll more consistent by insuring that at each radius there is a similar length of material; the second effect is that it provides another means of suppressing strong resonances by changing the height of the rolls (see, e.g., H1 and H2, best seen in the long axis cross sectional view in the two axis projection of FIG. 3A). By keeping the excursion potential around the diaphragm 200 relatively uniform, stiff spots at any point in the diaphragm that might otherwise cause instabilities in the desired linear motion of the diaphragm are minimized.
[0026] Referring now to FIG. 3B, speaker or driver assembly 200 is defined around a central axis 201 and has a magnet system with an annular air gap 202 for a voice coil assembly 204 connected to a loudspeaker diaphragm 206. The construction is comparable to prior art speakers (e.g., of FIGS. 1A and 1B), having an annular edge suspension 208 of annular ring domed or half doughnut surface shaped cross section connecting the voice coil assembly 204 with a surrounding chassis portion 210, and normally having the voice coil connected with the inner ring dome 212 having a retracted central, elliptical flat portion 214 which is rigidly secured to a central portion 216 of the driver motor assembly's fixed structure. An optional distally projecting waveguide feature (not shown) may be mounted upon the central portion 216 of the driver motor assembly's fixed structure.
[0027] Referring back to the two axis projection of FIG. 3A, and particularly to the cross section views for the short and long axes, the dimensions for the various portions are shown. In an exemplary embodiment, Elliptical ring radiator tweeter 200 has a nominal working diaphragm diameter of 15-30 millimeters (“mm”), and this comprises, for the long axis, twice the first radial chord length of segment 208 (W1) plus twice the first radial chord length of segment 212 (W2) plus the long axis length of the central segment 214 (D1). A similar calculation along the short axis uses twice the second radial chord length of segment 208 (W3) plus twice the second radial chord length of segment 212 (W4) plus the short axis length of the central segment 214 (D2).
[0028] In table form, here is the range of each dimension and the preferred embodiment's dimensions (for diaphragm 206):
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Elliptical Tweeter 200 Dimensions (in mm) Range/Preferred Embodiment’s Ideal H1 H2 W1 W2 W3 W4 D1 D2 Var. 2-4 3-7 3-12 2-10 2-10 3-12 5-8 3-7 Roll Ht. 3 5 8 5 5 8 6 4
[0029] A third embodiment of the present invention (300, as illustrated in FIGS. 4A and 4B) differs from the embodiments described and illustrated above and modifies the position of the center axes of the voice coil attachment 304 and the rolls such as they are no longer coaxial with one another. By using different axes for the rolls 308, 312 and the voice coil attachment 304, further asymmetry is introduced into the system, leading to increased modal density and a decrease in strong modes. It is envisioned that a ring radiator tweeter that has different axes for the rolls and the voice coil attachment could be used with either rolls of constant cross section and height or rolls of varying height.
[0030] Referring next to FIG. 4B, speaker or driver assembly 300 is defined asymmetrically around first axis 301 and has a magnet system with an annular air gap 302 for a voice coil assembly 304 connected to loudspeaker diaphragm 306. The elliptically shaped edge suspension 308 has a half doughnut surface shaped cross section connecting the voice coil assembly 304 with a surrounding chassis portion 310, and has the voice coil assembly connected with the inner ring dome 312 having a retracted central, elliptical flat portion 314 which is rigidly secured to a central portion 316 of the driver motor assembly's fixed structure. An optional distally projecting waveguide feature (e.g., similar to distally projecting elliptical section waveguide member 118, as best seen in FIG. 2D) may be mounted upon the central portion 116 of the driver motor assembly's fixed structure.
[0031] Persons of skill in the art will appreciate that the present invention provides a loudspeaker transducer of the tweeter type having a chassis and a magnet system defining an annular air gap for a voice coil connected with a loudspeaker diaphragm (e.g., 106, 206 or 306), the loudspeaker diaphragm having a substantially outermost diaphragm portion which interconnects the voice coil at a voice coil attachment segment (e.g., 104, 204, 304) and the chassis that includes an annular, arch-profiled strip area, and having a first central elliptical (non-circular-shaped) central roll portion (e.g., 112, 212, 312) defining a central recessed area that is rigidly fixed to one of the magnet system and the chassis; wherein the loudspeaker also comprises a second, outer elliptical (non-circular-shaped) roll portion (e.g., 108, 208, 308) defining an outer area that is rigidly fixed to one of the magnet system and the chassis. Preferably, the central portion and the outer roll portion that have substantially elliptical edge circumferences with substantially circular central peripheral edges connecting to the voice coil former (e.g., at 104, 204, 304), and the roll height(s) preferably vary in such a manner as to keep the arc-length roughly the same so that the rolls, during excursion, have a motion that might be characterized as undulating around the central axis of the tweeter.
[0032] In an exemplary embodiment, a 25 mm ring radiator tweeter is configured with rolls that have substantially elliptical outer circumferences with substantially circular central peripheral edges connecting to the voice coil former (e.g., 104, 204). The roll height (e.g., RH) may be substantially constant or may vary (e.g. H1, H2) in such a manner as to keep the arc-length roughly the same so that the rolls, during excursion have a motion that might be characterized as undulating around the central axis of the tweeter. In this method of controlling the excursion of the tweeter, any break up modes are minimized and the associated resonances are minimized. In a preferred embodiment, a distally projecting waveguide member or bullet-nose shaped member projects distally along the central axis of the tweeter motor structure. For an elliptical surround embodiment of the tweeter of the present invention, a distally projecting bullet member (e.g. similar to distally projecting elliptical section waveguide member 118, as best seen in FIG. 2D) could also have a substantially elliptical cross section where the major and minor axes of the distally projecting bullet waveguide member are complementary to the major and minor axes of the diaphragm's outer periphery.
[0033] Persons of skill in the art will appreciate that the present invention makes available a loudspeaker driver or tweeter assembly including a diaphragm (e.g., 106, 206 or 306) having a substantially circular diaphragm portion which is connected with or rests upon a voice coil attachment segment (e.g., 104, 204, 304). The diaphragm also includes a first central elliptical (non-circular-shaped) inner roll portion (e.g., 112, 212, 312) defining a central recessed area nested within a second, outer elliptical (non-circular-shaped) roll portion (e.g., 108, 208, 308) defining an outer area, where each of the elliptical areas has (as shown in the two axis projections of FIGS. 2A, 2D and 3A) an elliptical major or long axis and a minor or short axis. As illustrated in the attached figures, the central portion and the outer roll portion each have substantially elliptical edge circumferences with substantially circular central peripheral edges connecting to the voice coil former or attachment segment (e.g., at 104, 204, 304) and thereby define a diaphragm with a varying radial Chord lengths across each diaphragm segment or non-uniform diameter dimensions (from inside diameter to outside diameter of each diaphragm segment). In selected embodiments (e.g., 200, best seen in FIGS. 3A and 3B) the inner and outer roll portions have selected varying roll height(s) which vary to keep the arc-length roughly the same so that the rolls, during diaphragm excursion, have a motion which is undulating around the central axis of the diaphragm. The diaphragm(s) of the present invention, when in use, have a controlled excursion such that any breakup modes are minimized and the associated resonances are minimized (see, e.g., FIG. 2C).
[0034] Any of the Elliptical Ring tweeter drivers described and illustrated above may optionally include a distally projecting waveguide member or bullet-nose shaped member which projects distally along a central axis of the diaphragm or driver (e.g., distally projecting elliptical section waveguide member 118, as best seen in FIG. 2D). For an elliptical surround embodiment, the distally projecting bullet member (e.g. 118 in FIG. 2D) preferably also has a substantially elliptical cross section where the long or major and short or minor axes of the distally projecting bullet waveguide member are complementary to the corresponding major and minor axes of the diaphragm's outer periphery. Optionally, the central roll or dome portion has a cross section that varies in profile and height (see, e.g., FIG. 3A) between the elliptical major axis and minor axis, and the diaphragm-facing contoured surface of the waveguide member is shaped to provide a substantially uniform gap between the diaphragm surface and the waveguide member underside surface.
[0035] Having described preferred embodiments of a new and improved tweeter diaphragm configuration and method, it is believed that other modifications, variations and changes will be suggested to those skilled in the art in view of the teachings set forth herein. It is therefore to be understood that all such variations, modifications and changes are believed to fall within the scope of the present invention.
