Abstract
Described is a device for placing a component of a wind turbine on a wind turbine tower. The device includes a hoisting means with a hoisting cable for taking up the component. A positioning tool is connected to the hoisting cable by means of an intermediately arranged intermediate construction which forms part of the positioning tool. A guide frame of the positioning tool is connected on one side to the intermediate construction and is provided on another side with engaging means for engaging a peripheral part of the wind turbine tower. The invention likewise relates to a method which makes use of the invented device.
Claims
1. (canceled)
2. (canceled)
3. (canceled)
4. (canceled)
5. (canceled)
6. (canceled)
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15. (canceled)
16. (canceled)
17. (canceled)
18. (canceled)
19. (canceled)
20. (canceled)
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28. A device for placing a component of a wind turbine on a wind turbine tower, the device comprising a positioning tool that is coupled to a hoisting cable of a hoisting means and that is during placing of the component suspended from the hoisting cable, wherein the positioning tool comprises a hoisting frame or yoke configured for taking up the component and a guide frame, coupled to the hoisting frame or yoke, and configured for flexibly and temporarily engage a peripheral part of the wind turbine wherein the hoisting frame or yoke is configured to be coupled to the hoisting cable and wherein the guide frame is coupled on one side of it to the hoisting frame or yoke and via the hoisting frame or yoke to the hoisting cable, and the guide frame is on another side than the one side of it provided with engaging means configured for engaging the peripheral part of the wind turbine tower and temporarily and flexibly connect a taken-up component to the wind turbine tower and reduce relative movements of the taken-up component relative to the wind turbine tower.
29. The device according to claim 28, wherein the suspension of the hoisting frame or yoke from the hoisting cable is able to absorb a moment of force.
30. The device according to claim 28, wherein the guide frame is pivotally coupled on the one side to the hoisting frame or yoke, and the guide frame can be brought into different angular positions relative to the hoisting frame or yoke using angle adjusting means.
31. The device according to claim 30, wherein the angle adjusting means are configured to move the guide frame between angular positions relative to the hoisting frame or yoke with damping.
32. The device according to claim 30, wherein the angle adjusting means are configured to hold the guide frame in a fixed angular position relative to the hoisting frame or yoke.
33. The device according to claim 30, wherein the angle adjusting means comprise at least one spacer arranged between the hoisting frame or yoke and the guide frame, which spacer is variable in length and thus varies the angular position between the hoisting frame or yoke and the guide frame.
34. The device according to claim 33, wherein the at least one spacer comprises a hydraulic, pneumatic and/or electric cylinder.
35. The device according to claim 28, wherein the engaging means are configured to engage a peripheral part extending through a peripheral angle≤180° of the periphery of the wind turbine tower.
36. The device according to claim 28, wherein the engaging means are configured to engage a peripheral part extending through a peripheral angle>180° of the periphery of the wind turbine tower, and preferably extends over substantially the whole periphery.
37. The device according to claim 28, wherein the engaging means are selected from bumpers, rolls, wheels, caterpillar tracks, suction cups and support straps, and combinations thereof.
38. The device according to claim 28, wherein the component of the wind turbine comprises a nacelle, a wind turbine blade and/or a rotor.
39. A method for placing a component of a wind turbine on a wind turbine tower, which method comprises the steps of: providing a device according to claim 28; taking up the component to be placed on the wind turbine tower by the hoisting cable of the hoisting means by taking up the component with the hoisting frame or yoke of the positioning tool, which positioning tool is coupled to the hoisting cable; bringing the component taken-up with the positioning tool into the vicinity of the wind turbine tower using the hoisting means; engaging a peripheral part of the wind turbine tower with the engaging means of the guide frame of the positioning tool and temporarily and flexibly connect the taken-up component to the wind turbine tower and reduce relative movements of the taken-up component relative to the wind turbine tower; placing the component on the wind turbine tower; removing the engaging means from the peripheral part.
40. The method according to claim 39, wherein the suspension of the hoisting frame or yoke from the hoisting cable absorbs a moment of force
41. The method according to claim 39, wherein the guide frame is pivotally coupled on one side to the hoisting frame or yoke, and the guide frame is brought into different angular positions relative to the hoisting frame or yoke using angle adjusting means.
42. The method according to claim 41, wherein the angle adjusting means move the guide frame between angular positions relative to the hoisting frame or yoke with damping.
43. The method according to claim 41, wherein the angle adjusting means hold the guide frame in a fixed angular position relative to the hoisting frame or yoke.
44. The method according to claim 41, wherein the angle adjusting means comprise at least one spacer which is arranged between the hoisting frame or yoke and the guide frame and which is varied in length and thus varies the angular position between the hoisting frame or yoke and the guide frame.
45. The method according to claim 44, wherein the at least one spacer comprises a hydraulic, pneumatic and/or electric cylinder.
46. The method according to claim 39, wherein the engaging means engage a peripheral part extending through a peripheral angle≤180° of the periphery of the wind turbine tower.
47. The method according to claim 39, wherein the engaging means engage a peripheral part extending through a peripheral angle>180° of the periphery of the wind turbine tower, and preferably extending over substantially the whole periphery.
48. The method according to claim 39, wherein the peripheral part is engaged with engaging means selected from bumpers, rolls, wheels, caterpillar tracks, suction cups and support straps, and combinations thereof.
49. The method according to claim 39, wherein the component of the wind turbine comprises a nacelle, a wind turbine blade and/or a rotor.
50. The method according to claim 49, wherein the component comprises a wind turbine blade, and the wind turbine blade is mounted on a hub of the wind turbine in a substantially horizontal position.
51. The method according to claim 49, wherein the component comprises a wind turbine blade and the wind turbine blade is mounted on a hub of the wind turbine at an angle of substantially 0° to the vertical direction.
52. The method according to claim 39, wherein the component is mounted offshore from a vessel, particularly a floating platform, on a wind turbine tower present at sea.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0051] The invention will now be elucidated in more detail with reference to the accompanying figures, without otherwise being limited thereto. In the figures:
[0052] FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of the device according to the invention arranged round a turbine tower;
[0053] FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the device according to the invention arranged round a turbine tower;
[0054] FIG. 3A-11A are schematic side views of a number of steps of a method according to an embodiment of the invention;
[0055] FIG. 3B-11B are schematic rear views of the steps shown in FIGS. 3A-11A according to the embodiment of the invention;
[0056] FIG. 12A-16A are schematic side views of a number of steps of a method according to another embodiment of the invention;
[0057] FIG. 12B-16B are schematic top views of the steps shown in FIGS. 12A-16A according to the embodiment of the invention;
[0058] FIG. 12C is a schematic perspective view of a step of the embodiment of the invention shown in FIGS. 12A-16A;
[0059] FIG. 17A-22A are schematic side views of a number of steps of a method according to yet another embodiment of the invention;
[0060] FIG. 17B-22B are schematic rear views of the steps shown in FIGS. 17A-22A according to the embodiment of the invention;
[0061] FIG. 19C is a schematic perspective view of a step of the embodiment of the invention shown in FIGS. 17A-22A;
[0062] FIG. 23A-25A are schematic side views of a number of steps of a method according to yet another embodiment of the invention;
[0063] FIG. 23B-25B are schematic front views of the steps shown in FIGS. 23A-25A according to the embodiment of the invention; and, finally
[0064] FIG. 23C is a schematic perspective view of a step of the embodiment of the invention shown in FIGS. 23A-25A.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0065] The same or similar components are designated in the figures with the same reference numerals.
[0066] Referring to FIG. 1, a device 1 according to an embodiment of the invention is shown, wherein the device 1 is configured to place a nacelle of a turbine on a turbine tower 3. The nacelle 2 is provided with a hub 20 with openings 21 in which wind turbine blades can be arranged. Provided on an underside of nacelle 2 is a connecting flange 22. Arranged on an underside of the connecting flange 22 are positioning pins 23 and bolt holes 24. Using connecting flange 22 the nacelle 2 can be connected to an upper side of wind turbine tower 3.
[0067] Device 1 comprises a number of hoisting cables (10a, 10b) whereby nacelle 2 can be taken up. In the shown embodiment the hoisting cables 10a are connected to a hoisting block 11 which in turn is suspended from hoisting cables 12 of the hoisting means (not shown), for instance a lifting crane. A positioning tool (14, 15) is connected to hoisting cables 10a. The positioning tool (13, 14, 15) comprises an intermediate construction, the form of which depends on the component to be placed and which is embodied according to FIG. 1 as a hoisting beam 13. Hoisting cables 10b connect hoisting beam 13 to the nacelle 2 to be placed. The positioning tool (13, 14, 15) is further provided with a guide frame 14 which is connected on one side to the hoisting beam 13 and which is provided on another side with engaging means 15 for engaging a peripheral part 3a of the wind turbine tower 3.
[0068] In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 the engaging means 15 comprises a number of rolls 15a which are placed in a peripheral direction 30 of wind turbine tower 3 and which are arranged on guide frame 14. Guide frame 14 itself comprises two side arms (14a, 14b) which run in vertical direction 31 and which are connected to a horizontally running transverse beam 14c. Guide frame 14 is pivotally connected on one side to hoisting beam 13 by means of pivoting connections (13a, 13b). Guide frame 14 can then be brought into different angular positions relative to hoisting beam 13 using angle adjusting means 16, as shown schematically with arrow 17.
[0069] Angle adjusting means 16 are configured to move guide frame 14 between angular positions relative to hoisting beam 13 with damping. For this purpose the angle adjusting means 16 comprises two, for instance hydraulic, cylinders (16a, 16b) which are arranged on either side of a transverse beam 16c and which engage on the side arms (14a, 14b) of guide frame 14 and are able to exert thereon a force running in a longitudinal direction 18 of the hydraulic cylinders (16a, 16b). It is also possible to control the hydraulic cylinders (16a, 16b) such that guide frame 14 can be held in a fixed angular position relative to hoisting beam 13. The hydraulic cylinders (16a, 16b) function as spacers arranged between hoisting beam 13 and guide frame 14, which are variable in length and can thus vary the angular position between hoisting beam 13 and guide frame 14.
[0070] FIG. 2 shows another embodiment in which engaging means 15 comprise a number of support straps 15b which are placed in a peripheral direction 30 of wind turbine tower 3 and are arranged on guide frame 14. Guide frame 14 itself comprises two side arms (14a, 14b) which run in vertical direction 31 and which are connected to a horizontally running transverse beam 14c. Guide frame 14 is pivotally connected on one side to hoisting beam 13 by means of pivoting connections (13a, 13b) which are in this embodiment situated at outer ends of transverse beam 14c. Guide frame 14 can then be placed with angle adjusting means 16 in different angular positions relative to hoisting beam 13, as shown schematically with the arrow 17. Angle adjusting means 16 are shown schematically by a spring 16d arranged between hoisting beam 13 and guide frame 14.
[0071] In both the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and that of FIG. 2 the engaging means 15 are configured to engage a peripheral part 3a which extends over a peripheral angle of about 180° of the periphery of wind turbine tower 3. It is also possible in embodiments that are not shown to configure the engaging means 15 such that they engage a peripheral part extending through a peripheral angle>180° of the periphery of wind turbine tower 3, and preferably extending over substantially the whole periphery.
[0072] Referring to FIGS. 3A-11A and FIGS. 3B-11B, different steps are shown of a method for placing the nacelle 2 of a turbine on a wind turbine tower 3. In the shown embodiment the side arms (14a, 14b) of guide frame 14 are connected pivotally (13a, 13b) to an outer end of hoisting beam 13.
[0073] FIG. 3A shows a hoisting beam 13 which is suspended from hoisting cables 10a and to which a guide frame 14 (with side arms 14a and 14b) is pivotally connected. Guide frame 14 is held in a first angular position by the angle adjusting means 16 (such as the hydraulic cylinders (16a, 16b) or a spring connection 16d), wherein guide frame 14 forms an angle 19 of about 45° with a longitudinal direction of support beam 13. FIG. 3B shows a view of the setup of FIG. 3A from the right, so a rear view of nacelle 2. Nacelle 2 is situated on a ground surface 4 in a suitable support (not shown). Device 1 is lowered with the lifting crane (not shown) toward nacelle 2, into the position shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, wherein the engaging means 15 (15b) are situated on an underside of nacelle 2. Nacelle 2 is then connected to hoisting cables 10b, and guide frame 14 is placed in a second angular position by angle adjusting means 16d, wherein guide frame 14 forms an angle 19 of about 90° with the longitudinal direction of support beam 13, and nacelle 2 is taken up by the hoisting cables 10b (FIGS. 5A and 5B).
[0074] As shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, nacelle 2 is brought into the vicinity of a top part of a turbine tower 3, wherein engaging means 15 in the form of the support straps 15b are situated at the position of a peripheral part 3a of the wind turbine tower 3 to be engaged. Peripheral part 3a is then engaged by the support straps 15b, wherein, if desired, guide frame 14 can co-displace with relative movements of the (moving) nacelle 2 and the (stable) wind turbine tower 3 with some damping. The angle adjusting means 16 (spring 16d or hydraulic cylinders 16a, 16b) then cause guide frame 14 and engaging means 15 to move relatively tightly against wind turbine tower 3 until the relative movements between nacelle 2 and wind turbine tower 3 have become so small that contact can be made between flange 22 of nacelle 2 and a corresponding flange of wind turbine tower 3, which can then be connected.
[0075] Such a connection is shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B and is obtained by lowering nacelle 2 with the crane until the corresponding flanges make contact with each other. Positioning pins 23 serve here to align flange 22 with corresponding openings in the wind turbine tower flange in the peripheral direction 30. According to FIGS. 9A and 9B, the connection is made by means of bolt connections 25 and hoisting beam 13 is then lowered slightly, wherein hoisting cables 10b become slack and can be detached from nacelle 2.
[0076] Referring to FIGS. 10A and 10B, in a subsequent step of the method the support straps 15b are detached from guide frame 14 and guide frame 14 is moved upward along nacelle 2 by the crane. According to FIG. 11B, this step can be facilitated in an embodiment by connecting the side arms (14a, 14b) to transverse beam 14c for pivoting in a transverse plane 33 and bringing it into an outward pivoted position. This is however certainly not essential.
[0077] Referring to FIGS. 12A-16A and FIGS. 12B-16B, different steps are shown of a method for placing a wind turbine blade 5 on the nacelle 2 of a wind turbine on a wind turbine tower 3 in a so-called 3 o'clock position.
[0078] FIG. 12A shows a positioning tool which is suspended from hoisting cables 10a and the geometry of which is adapted to the stated objective. The positioning tool comprises an intermediate construction (13, 40, 41, 42) which is suspended from hoisting cables 10a and which comprises a hoisting beam 13 to which a horizontally running support beam 42 is rigidly connected with interposing of two support beams (40, 41) running vertically downward. FIG. 12B shows a top view of the setup of FIG. 12A, which shows that the horizontal support beam 42 runs at a fixed angle 45 to support beam 13. The positioning tool further comprises a guide frame 44 (with side arms 44a and 44b connected to a transverse beam 44c) which is connected on one side to the intermediate construction (13, 40, 41, 42) and is provided on another side with engaging means 15 in the form of a number of support straps 15b.
[0079] Device 1 is lowered with the crane (not shown) toward wind turbine blade 5 and connected thereto using slings 46. The centre of gravity 50 of wind turbine blade 5 here lies approximately straight under the hoisting block 11, whereby wind turbine blade 5 is oriented in a substantially horizontal position. The engaging means 15 (15b) lie under the wind turbine blade 5.
[0080] The wind turbine blade 5 is then taken up by the slings 46 and, as shown in FIGS. 13A and 13B, brought into the vicinity of a top part of a wind turbine tower 3, wherein engaging means 15 in the form of the support straps 15b are situated at the position of a peripheral part 3a of wind turbine tower 3 to be engaged. This position is also shown in FIG. 12C in perspective view, wherein the engaging means are shown as support rolls 15c. The peripheral part 3a is then engaged by support straps 15b, wherein guide frame 44 (44a, 44b, 44c) can if desired co-displace with relative movements of wind turbine blade 5 and the (stable) wind turbine tower 3 with some damping.
[0081] According to FIGS. 15A and 15B, the wind turbine blade is then moved in substantially horizontal or 3 o'clock position toward an opening 21 of the hub 20 of nacelle 2 and received and fixed therein, wherein support straps 15b continue to engage on wind turbine tower 3.
[0082] Referring to FIGS. 16A and 16B in a subsequent step of the method, once the connection has been made the slings 46 are removed and guide frame 44 and support straps 15b are detached from the periphery of wind turbine tower 3 and removed along the wind turbine blade 5 mounted on hub 20 of nacelle 2 using the crane.
[0083] Referring to FIGS. 17A-22A and FIGS. 17B-22B, different steps are shown of a method for placing a wind turbine blade 5 in a so-called 6 o'clock position on the nacelle 2 of a wind turbine on a wind turbine tower 3.
[0084] FIG. 17A shows a positioning tool which is suspended from hoisting cables 10a and the geometry of which is adapted to the stated objective. The positioning tool comprises an intermediate construction (13, 50, 51, 52, 53) which is suspended from hoisting cables 10a and which comprises a hoisting beam 13 to which a support beam 52 rotatable in a vertical plane around a hinge 53 is connected with interposing of two horizontally running support beams (50, 51). FIG. 17B shows a top view of the setup of FIG. 17A. The positioning tool further comprises a guide frame 54 (with side arms 54a and 54b connected to a transverse beam 54c) which is connected on one side to the intermediate construction (13, 50, 51, 52, 53) and is provided on another side with engaging means 15 in the form of a number of support straps 15b.
[0085] Device 1 is lowered with the crane (not shown) toward the wind turbine blade 5 and connected thereto using slings 46. The centre of gravity 50 of wind turbine blade 5 here lies approximately straight under the hoisting block 11, whereby wind turbine blade 5 is initially oriented in a substantially horizontal position.
[0086] Referring to FIGS. 18A and 18B, guide frame 54 is brought from the first angular position shown in FIGS. 17A and 17B into a second angular position by angle adjusting means 56 which are placed between support beams 50 and 52 and take the form of hydraulic cylinders (56a, 56b), wherein guide frame 54 forms an angle 59 of about 90° with the longitudinal direction of support beam 13. Engaging means 15 (15b) are now situated under wind turbine blade 5. FIG. 18B shows this position in a top view.
[0087] Wind turbine blade 5 is then taken up by slings 46 and, as shown in FIGS. 19A and 19B, brought into a substantially vertical position and brought closer to a top part of a wind turbine tower 3, wherein engaging means 15 in the form of support straps 15b are situated at the position of a peripheral part 3a of wind turbine tower 3 to be engaged. This position is also shown in perspective view in FIG. 19C, wherein the engaging means are shown as support rolls 15c.
[0088] According to FIGS. 20A and 20B, peripheral part 3a is then engaged by support straps 15b, wherein guide frame 54 (54a, 54b, 54c) can if desired co-displace with relative movements of wind turbine blade 5 and the (stable) wind turbine tower 3 with some damping. FIG. 20B once again shows a front view of this position.
[0089] According to FIGS. 21A and 21B, wind turbine blade 5 is then moved in substantially vertical or 6 o'clock position toward an opening 21 of the hub 20 of nacelle 2 and received and fixed therein, wherein support straps 15b continue to engage on wind turbine tower 3.
[0090] Referring to FIGS. 22A and 22B in a subsequent step of the method, once the connection has been made the slings 46 are removed and guide frame 54 and support straps 15b are detached from the periphery of wind turbine tower 3 and removed along the wind turbine blade 5 mounted on the hub at 20 of nacelle 2 using the crane.
[0091] Referring to FIGS. 23A-25A and FIGS. 23B-25B, different steps are shown of a method for placing a rotor 6 of three wind turbine blades 5 on the nacelle 2 of a wind turbine on a wind turbine tower 3. A rotor 6 comprises a hub 20 in which three (or two, or more than three) wind turbine blades (5a, 5b, 5c) have already been arranged.
[0092] FIG. 23A shows a positioning tool which is suspended from a hoisting cable 10 and the geometry of which is adapted to the stated objective. The positioning tool comprises an intermediate construction (60, 61, 62, 63) which is suspended from hoisting cables (10a, 10b, 10c) and which comprises a support beam 60 which is directed downward via the horizontal support beam 63 and to which is connected a support beam 62 rotatable in a vertical plane around a hinge 61. FIG. 23B shows a front view of the setup of FIG. 23A. The positioning tool further comprises a guide frame 64 (with side arms 64a and 64b connected to a transverse beam 64c) which is connected on one side to the intermediate construction (60, 61, 62, 63) and is provided on another side with engaging means 15 in the form of a number of support straps 15b. Optional angle adjusting means in the form of hydraulic cylinder(s) 65 can change and set the angular position of support beam 62 relative to the horizontal direction, if desired. FIG. 23C shows the position shown in FIGS. 23A and 23B, but in perspective view. The engaging means are here also embodied as support rolls 15c. It is further noted that the horizontal support beam 63 is suspended with hoisting cables (10a, 10b, 10c) such that the hoisting cables (10a, 10b, 10c) form a triangle. The suspension of the intermediate construction (60, 61, 62, 63) can hereby absorb a moment of force, at least to a certain extent.
[0093] Device 1 is lowered with the crane (not shown) toward the rotor 6 and connected thereto by attaching the hoisting cables (10a, 10b, 10c) to hub 20. This position is shown in FIGS. 23A and 23B, wherein rotor 6 has been brought into the vicinity of a top part of a wind turbine tower 3, wherein the engaging means 15 in the form of support straps 15b are situated at the position of a peripheral part 3a of wind turbine tower 3 to be engaged.
[0094] Referring to FIGS. 24A and 24B, peripheral part 3a is engaged by support straps 15b, wherein the guide frame 64 (64a, 64b, 64c) can if desired co-displace with relative movements of the rotor 6 and the (stable) wind turbine tower 3 with some damping. FIG. 24B once again shows a front view of this position. According to FIGS. 24A and 24B, rotor 6 is then moved with hub 20 to nacelle 2 and fixed thereon, wherein support straps 15b or support rolls 15c continue to engage on wind turbine tower 3.
[0095] Referring to FIGS. 25A and 25B in a subsequent step of the method, once the connection has been made the hoisting cables (10a, 10b, 10c) are detached from rotor 6, and guide frame 64 and support straps 15b are detached from the periphery of wind turbine tower 3 and removed along the rotor 6 mounted on nacelle 2 using the crane.
