All-optical optical parametric oscillator

Abstract

An all-optical optical parametric oscillator includes a laser module, a temperature control module, a plurality of filters and a beam splitter arranged in sequence. A bulk material or waveguide material is arranged in the temperature control module. Both ends of the bulk material are provided with a first OPO cavity mirror M.sub.1′ and a second OPO cavity mirror M.sub.2′. Each of the first OPO cavity mirror M.sub.1′ and the second OPO cavity mirror M.sub.2′ is coated with a high-reflectivity film with respect to an OPO signal light and an OPO idler light, and coated with a high-transmittance film with respect to an OPO pump light, a poling fundamental frequency light and a poling frequency doubled light. The temperature of the material is changed by changing the temperature of the temperature control module to realize temperature tuning of wavelength λ.sub.s of the OPO signal light and wavelength λ.sub.i of the OPO idler light.

Claims

1. An all-optical optical parametric oscillator, comprising a laser module, a temperature control module, a plurality of filters and a beam splitter; wherein the laser module, the temperature control module, the plurality of filters and the beam splitter are arranged in sequence a bulk material or a waveguide material is arranged in the temperature control module; both ends of the bulk material are provided with a first OPO cavity mirror and a second OPO cavity mirror, respectively; each of the first OPO cavity mirror and the second OPO cavity mirror is coated with a first high-reflectivity film with respect to an OPO signal light and an OPO idler light, and each of the first OPO cavity mirror and the second OPO cavity mirror is coated with a first high-transmittance film with respect to an OPO pump light, a poling fundamental frequency light and a poling frequency doubled light; and each of both ends of the waveguide material is coated with a second high-reflectivity film with respect to the OPO signal light and the OPO idler light, and each of both ends of the waveguide material is coated with a second high-transmittance film with respect to the OPO pump light, the poling fundamental frequency light and the poling frequency doubled light.

2. The all-optical optical parametric oscillator according to claim 1, wherein, the laser module is a first laser unit, a second laser unit, a third laser unit or a fourth laser unit.

3. The all-optical optical parametric oscillator according to claim 2, wherein, the first laser unit comprises a first laser, a second laser, a first reflector, and a second reflector; the poling fundamental frequency light is emitted by the second laser, and then the poling fundamental frequency light is incident on the bulk material through the first reflector and the second reflector, the bulk material produces a second-order nonlinear coefficient to generate the poling frequency doubled light by a second-order nonlinear effect, and the bulk material produces a periodic second-order nonlinear coefficient under a combined action of the poling fundamental frequency light and the poling frequency doubled light; the OPO pump light is emitted by the first laser, and then the OPO pump light is incident on the bulk material through the second reflector to generate the OPO signal light and the OPO idler light by a nonlinear effect of the bulk material; the poling fundamental frequency light, the poling frequency doubled light, the OPO pump light, the OPO signal light, and the OPO idler light pass through a first filter, a second filter and a third filter of the plurality of filters to filter the poling fundamental frequency light, the poling frequency doubled light and the OPO pump light, to obtain the OPO idler light and the OPO signal light; the OPO idler light and the OPO signal light are separated by the beam splitter; the first filter, the second filter and the third filter are arranged in sequence, and the first filter is arranged behind the temperature control module; and the third filter is arranged in front of the beam splitter.

4. The all-optical optical parametric oscillator according to claim 2, wherein, the second laser unit comprises a third laser; the poling fundamental frequency light is emitted by the third laser, and then the poling fundamental frequency light is incident on the bulk material, the bulk material produces a second-order nonlinear coefficient to generate the poling frequency doubled light by a second-order nonlinear effect, and the bulk material produces a periodic second-order nonlinear coefficient under a combined action of the poling fundamental frequency light and the poling frequency doubled light; the OPO pump light is emitted by the third laser, and then the OPO pump light is incident on the bulk material to generate the OPO signal light and the OPO idler light by a nonlinear effect of the bulk material; the poling fundamental frequency light and the OPO pump light are filtered through a first filter of the plurality of filters, and the poling frequency doubled light is filtered through a second filter of the plurality of filters, to obtain the OPO idler light and the OPO signal light; the OPO idler light and the OPO signal light are separated by the beam splitter; the first filter and the second filter are arranged in sequence, and the first filter is arranged behind the temperature control module; and the second filter is arranged in front of the beam splitter.

5. The all-optical optical parametric oscillator according to claim 2, wherein, the third laser unit comprises a fourth laser, a fifth laser, a plurality of optical fibers, and an optical coupler; the poling fundamental frequency light is emitted by the fifth laser, the poling fundamental frequency light enters the optical coupler through a first optical fiber of the plurality of optical fibers, and the poling fundamental frequency light is then incident on the waveguide material through a second optical fiber of the plurality of optical fibers, the waveguide material produces a second-order nonlinear coefficient to generate the poling frequency doubled light by a second-order nonlinear effect, and the waveguide material produces a periodic second-order nonlinear coefficient under a combined action of the poling fundamental frequency light and the poling frequency doubled light; the OPO pump light is emitted by the fourth laser, the OPO pump light enters the optical coupler through a third optical fiber of the plurality of optical fibers, and the OPO pump light is then incident on the waveguide material through the second optical fiber to generate the OPO signal light and the OPO idler light by a nonlinear effect of the waveguide material; the poling fundamental frequency light, the poling frequency doubled light, the OPO pump light, the OPO signal light, and the OPO idler light pass through a first filter of the plurality of filters, a second filter of the plurality of filters and a third filter of the plurality of filters to filter the poling fundamental frequency light, the poling frequency doubled light and the OPO pump light, to obtain the OPO idler light and the OPO signal light; the OPO idler light and the OPO signal light are separated by the beam splitter; the first filter, the second filter and the third filter are arranged in sequence, and the first filter is arranged behind the temperature control module; and the third filter is arranged in front of the beam splitter.

6. The all-optical optical parametric oscillator according to claim 2, wherein, the fourth laser unit comprises a sixth laser and an optical fiber; the poling fundamental frequency light is emitted by the sixth laser, and then the poling fundamental frequency light is incident on the waveguide material through the optical fiber, the waveguide material produces a second-order nonlinear coefficient to generate the poling frequency doubled light by a second-order nonlinear effect, and the waveguide material produces a periodic second-order nonlinear coefficient under a combined action of the poling fundamental frequency light and the poling frequency doubled light; the OPO pump light is emitted by the sixth laser, and then the OPO pump light is incident on the waveguide material through the optical fiber to generate the OPO signal light and the OPO idler light; the poling fundamental frequency light and the OPO pump light are filtered through a first filter of the plurality of filters, and the poling frequency doubled light is filtered through a second filter of the plurality of filters, to obtain the OPO idler light and the OPO signal light; the OPO idler light and the OPO signal light are separated by the beam splitter; the first filter and the second filter are arranged in sequence, and the first filter is arranged behind the temperature control module; and the second filter is arranged in front of the beam splitter.

7. The all-optical optical parametric oscillator according to claim 3, wherein, a condition satisfied by the waveguide material, the poling fundamental frequency light and the poling frequency doubled light or a condition satisfied by the bulk material, the poling fundamental frequency light and the poling frequency doubled light is expressed as follows:
3hv.sub.f<E≤2hv.sub.f+hv.sub.fd; wherein, h represents a Planck constant, v.sub.f represents a frequency of the poling fundamental frequency light, E represents an energy difference from a defect center of the bulk material or the waveguide material to a conduction band, and v.sub.fd represents a frequency of the poling frequency doubled light; a period of the periodic second-order nonlinear coefficient is expressed as follows: $Λ = \frac{λ_{f}}{2 (n_{fd} - n_{f})};$ wherein, Λ represents the period of the second-order nonlinear coefficient, n.sub.fd represents a refractive index of the poling frequency doubled light, n.sub.f represents a refractive index of the poling fundamental frequency light, and λ.sub.f represents a wavelength of the poling fundamental frequency light.

8. The all-optical optical parametric oscillator according to claim 7, wherein, a value range of the wavelength of each of the poling fundamental frequency light emitted by the second laser, the poling fundamental frequency light emitted by a third laser, the poling fundamental frequency light emitted by a fifth laser and the poling fundamental frequency light emitted by a sixth laser is expressed as follows: $\frac{3 h c}{E} < λ_{f} \leq \frac{4 h c}{E};$ wherein, h represents the Planck constant, E represents the energy difference from the defect center of the bulk material or the waveguide material to the conduction band, and c represents a speed of light, and λ.sub.f represents the wavelength of the poling fundamental frequency light; a value range of a wavelength of each of the OPO pump light emitted by the third laser and the OPO pump light emitted by the sixth laser is expressed as follows: $\frac{3 h c}{E} < λ_{p} \leq \frac{4 h c}{E};$ wherein, λ.sub.p represents the wavelength of the OPO pump light.

9. The all-optical optical parametric oscillator according to claim 8, wherein, the wavelength of the OPO pump light emitted by the first laser is a light transmission range of the bulk material; and the wavelength of the OPO pump light emitted by the fourth laser is a light transmission range of the waveguide material.

10. The all-optical optical parametric oscillator according to claim 9, wherein, energy conservation and momentum conservation of the all-optical optical parametric oscillator satisfy the following conditions: $\frac{1}{λ_{p}} = \frac{1}{λ_{s}} + \frac{1}{λ_{1}};$ $\frac{2 π n_{p}}{λ_{p}} - \frac{2 π n_{s}}{λ_{s}} - \frac{2 π n_{i}}{λ_{i}} - \frac{2 π}{Λ} = 0;$ wherein, λ.sub.p represents the wavelength of the OPO pump light, λ.sub.s represents a wavelength of the OPO signal light, λ.sub.i represents a wavelength of the OPO idler light, n.sub.p represents a refractive index of the OPO pump light, n.sub.s represents a refractive index of the OPO signal light, and n.sub.i represents a refractive index of the OPO idler light.

11. The all-optical optical parametric oscillator according to claim 4, wherein, a condition satisfied by the waveguide material, the poling fundamental frequency light and the poling frequency doubled light or a condition satisfied by the bulk material, the poling fundamental frequency light and the poling frequency doubled light is expressed as follows:
3hv.sub.f<E≤2hv.sub.f+hv.sub.fd; wherein, h represents a Planck constant, v.sub.f represents a frequency of the poling fundamental frequency light, E represents an energy difference from a defect center of the bulk material or the waveguide material to a conduction band, and v.sub.fd represents a frequency of the poling frequency doubled light; a period of the periodic second-order nonlinear coefficient is expressed as follows: $Λ = \frac{λ_{f}}{2 (n_{fd} - n_{f})};$ wherein, Λ represents the period of the second-order nonlinear coefficient, n.sub.fd represents a refractive index of the poling frequency doubled light, n.sub.f represents a refractive index of the poling fundamental frequency light, and λ.sub.f represents a wavelength of the poling fundamental frequency light.

12. The all-optical optical parametric oscillator according to claim 5, wherein, a condition satisfied by the waveguide material, the poling fundamental frequency light and the poling frequency doubled light or a condition satisfied by the bulk material, the poling fundamental frequency light and the poling frequency doubled light is expressed as follows:
3hv.sub.f<E≤2hv.sub.f+hv.sub.fd; wherein, h represents a Planck constant, v.sub.f represents a frequency of the poling fundamental frequency light, E represents an energy difference from a defect center of the bulk material or the waveguide material to a conduction band, and v.sub.fd represents a frequency of the poling frequency doubled light; a period of the periodic second-order nonlinear coefficient is expressed as follows: $Λ = \frac{λ_{f}}{2 (n_{fd} - n_{f})};$ wherein, Λ represents the period of the second-order nonlinear coefficient, n.sub.fd represents a refractive index of the poling frequency doubled light, n.sub.f represents a refractive index of the poling fundamental frequency light, and λ.sub.f represents a wavelength of the poling fundamental frequency light.

13. The all-optical optical parametric oscillator according to claim 6, wherein, a condition satisfied by the waveguide material, the poling fundamental frequency light and the poling frequency doubled light or a condition satisfied by the bulk material, the poling fundamental frequency light and the poling frequency doubled light is expressed as follows:
3hv.sub.f<E≤2hv.sub.f+hv.sub.fd; wherein, h represents a Planck constant, v.sub.f represents a frequency of the poling fundamental frequency light, E represents an energy difference from a defect center of the bulk material or the waveguide material to a conduction band, and v.sub.fd represents a frequency of the poling frequency doubled light; a period of the periodic second-order nonlinear coefficient is expressed as follows: $Λ = \frac{λ_{f}}{2 (n_{fd} - n_{f})};$ wherein, Λ represents the period of the second-order nonlinear coefficient, n.sub.fd represents a refractive index of the poling frequency doubled light, n.sub.f represents a refractive index of the poling fundamental frequency light, and λ.sub.f represents a wavelength of the poling fundamental frequency light.

14. The all-optical optical parametric oscillator according to claim 11, wherein, a value range of the wavelength of each of the poling fundamental frequency light emitted by a second laser, the poling fundamental frequency light emitted by the third laser, the poling fundamental frequency light emitted by a fifth laser and the poling fundamental frequency light emitted by a sixth laser is expressed as follows: $\frac{3 h c}{E} < λ_{f} \leq \frac{4 h c}{E};$ wherein, h represents the Planck constant, E represents the energy difference from the defect center of the bulk material or the waveguide material to the conduction band, and c represents a speed of light, and λ.sub.f represents the wavelength of the poling fundamental frequency light; a value range of a wavelength of each of the OPO pump light emitted by the third laser and the OPO pump light emitted by the sixth laser is expressed as follows: $\frac{3 h c}{E} < λ_{p} \leq \frac{4 h c}{E};$ wherein, λ.sub.p represents the wavelength of the OPO pump light.

15. The all-optical optical parametric oscillator according to claim 12, wherein, a value range of the wavelength of each of the poling fundamental frequency light emitted by a second laser, the poling fundamental frequency light emitted by a third laser, the poling fundamental frequency light emitted by the fifth laser and the poling fundamental frequency light emitted by a sixth laser is expressed as follows: $\frac{3 h c}{E} < λ_{f} \leq \frac{4 h c}{E};$ wherein, h represents the Planck constant, E represents the energy difference from the defect center of the bulk material or the waveguide material to the conduction band, and c represents a speed of light, and λ.sub.f represents the wavelength of the poling fundamental frequency light; a value range of a wavelength of each of the OPO pump light emitted by the third laser and the OPO pump light emitted by the sixth laser is expressed as follows: $\frac{3 h c}{E} < λ_{p} \leq \frac{4 h c}{E};$ wherein, λ.sub.p represents the wavelength of the OPO pump light.

16. The all-optical optical parametric oscillator according to claim 13, wherein, a value range of the wavelength of each of the poling fundamental frequency light emitted by a second laser, the poling fundamental frequency light emitted by a third laser, the poling fundamental frequency light emitted by a fifth laser and the poling fundamental frequency light emitted by the sixth laser is expressed as follows: $\frac{3 h c}{E} < λ_{f} \leq \frac{4 h c}{E};$ wherein, h represents the Planck constant, E represents the energy difference from the defect center of the bulk material or the waveguide material to the conduction band, and c represents a speed of light, and λ.sub.f represents the wavelength of the poling fundamental frequency light; a value range of a wavelength of each of the OPO pump light emitted by the third laser and the OPO pump light emitted by the sixth laser is expressed as follows: $\frac{3 h c}{E} < λ_{p} \leq \frac{4 h c}{E};$ wherein, λ.sub.p represents the wavelength of the OPO pump light.

17. The all-optical optical parametric oscillator according to claim 14, wherein, the wavelength of the OPO pump light emitted by the first laser is a light transmission range of the bulk material; and the wavelength of the OPO pump light emitted by the fourth laser is a light transmission range of the waveguide material.

18. The all-optical optical parametric oscillator according to claim 15, wherein, the wavelength of the OPO pump light emitted by the first laser is a light transmission range of the bulk material; and the wavelength of the OPO pump light emitted by the fourth laser is a light transmission range of the waveguide material.

19. The all-optical optical parametric oscillator according to claim 16, wherein, the wavelength of the OPO pump light emitted by the first laser is a light transmission range of the bulk material; and the wavelength of the OPO pump light emitted by the fourth laser is a light transmission range of the waveguide material.

20. The all-optical optical parametric oscillator according to claim 17, wherein, energy conservation and momentum conservation of the all-optical optical parametric oscillator satisfy the following conditions: $\frac{1}{λ_{p}} = \frac{1}{λ_{s}} + \frac{1}{λ_{1}};$ $\frac{2 π n_{p}}{λ_{p}} - \frac{2 π n_{s}}{λ_{s}} - \frac{2 π n_{i}}{λ_{i}} - \frac{2 π}{Λ} = 0;$ wherein, λ.sub.p represents the wavelength of the OPO pump light, λ.sub.s represents a wavelength of the OPO signal light, λ.sub.i represents a wavelength of the OPO idler light, n.sub.p represents a refractive index of the OPO pump light, n.sub.s represents a refractive index of the OPO signal light, and n.sub.i represents a refractive index of the OPO idler light.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical parametric oscillator in the prior art;

(2) FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram of the periodically poled crystal in quasi-phase matching;

(3) FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the all-optical optical parametric oscillator according to the present invention, in which a bulk material is used as the nonlinear material, and the poling fundamental frequency light and the OPO pump light are laser lights generated by different lasers;

(4) FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the all-optical optical parametric oscillator according to the present invention, in which a bulk material is used as the nonlinear material, and the poling fundamental frequency light and the OPO pump light are laser lights generated by the same laser;

(5) FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the all-optical optical parametric oscillator according to the present invention, in which a waveguide is used as the nonlinear material, and the poling fundamental frequency light and the OPO pump light are laser lights generated by different lasers;

(6) FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the all-optical optical parametric oscillator according to the present invention, in which a waveguide is used as the nonlinear material, and the poling fundamental frequency light and the OPO pump light are laser lights generated by the same laser;

(7) FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the multiphoton absorption of the material according to an embodiment;

(8) FIG. 7 is a graph showing the variation of the wavelength of the poling fundamental frequency light λ.sub.f with the energy difference E from the defect center to the conduction band according to an embodiment;

(9) FIG. 8 is the graph showing the variation of the poled period Λ of the silicon nitride waveguide material with the poling fundamental frequency light wavelength λ.sub.f according to an embodiment;

(10) FIG. 9 is a graph showing the variation of the wavelength λ.sub.s of the OPO signal light and the wavelength λ.sub.i of the idler light with the wavelength λ.sub.p of the pump light when the wavelength λ.sub.f of the poling fundamental frequency light is 1350 nm according to an embodiment;

(11) FIG. 10 is a graph showing the variation of the wavelength λ.sub.s of the OPO signal light and the wavelength λ.sub.i of the idler light with the wavelength λ.sub.p of the pump light when the wavelength λ.sub.f of the poling fundamental frequency light is 1550 nm according to an embodiment;

(12) FIG. 11 is a graph showing the variation of the wavelength λ.sub.s of the OPO signal light and the wavelength λ.sub.i of the idler light with the wavelength λ.sub.f of the poling fundamental frequency light when the wavelength λ.sub.p of the OPO pump light is 1064 nm according to an embodiment;

(13) FIG. 12 is a graph showing the variation of the wavelength λ.sub.s of the OPO signal light and the wavelength λ.sub.i of the idler light with the wavelength λ.sub.f of the poling fundamental frequency light when the wavelength λ.sub.p of the OPO pump light is 1550 nm according to an embodiment; and

(14) FIG. 13 is a graph showing the variation of the wavelength λ.sub.s of the OPO signal light and the wavelength λ.sub.i of the idler light with the wavelength of the OPO pump light λ.sub.p according to an embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

(15) The specific embodiments of the present invention are described below to help those skilled in the art understand the present invention, but it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiments. For those skilled in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention defined by the appended claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations that use the concept of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

Embodiment 1

(16) As shown in FIG. 2, the present invention provides an all-optical optical parametric oscillator, including the laser module, the temperature control module TS, a plurality of filters and the beam splitter M. The bulk material B is arranged in the temperature control module TS. Both ends of the bulk material B are provided with the first OPO cavity mirror M.sub.1′ and the second OPO cavity mirror M.sub.2′, respectively. Each of the first OPO cavity mirror M.sub.1′ and the second OPO cavity mirror M.sub.2′ is coated with a high-reflectivity film with respect to the OPO signal light and the OPO idler light, and is coated with a high-transmittance film with respect to the OPO pump light, the poling fundamental frequency light and the poling frequency doubled light. The first laser unit includes the first laser L1, the second laser L2, the first reflector M.sub.1″ and the second reflector M.sub.2″. The poling fundamental frequency light is emitted by the second laser L2, and then incident on the bulk material through the first reflector M.sub.1″ and the second reflector M.sub.2″, so that the bulk material produces a second-order nonlinear coefficient to generate the poling frequency doubled light by means of the second-order nonlinear effect, and the material produces a periodic second-order nonlinear coefficient under the combined action of the poling fundamental frequency light and the poling frequency doubled light. The OPO pump light is emitted by the first laser L1, and then incident on the bulk material through the second reflector M.sub.2″ to generate the OPO signal light and the OPO idler light by means of the nonlinear effect of the bulk material. The poling fundamental frequency light, the poling frequency doubled light, the OPO pump light, the OPO signal light, and the OPO idler light pass through the filter M1, the filter M2 and the filter M3 to filter the poling fundamental frequency light, the poling frequency doubled light and the OPO pump light, to obtain the OPO idler light and the OPO signal light. The OPO idler light and the OPO signal light are separated by the beam splitter. The filter M1, the filter M2 and the filter M3 are arranged in sequence, and the filter M1 is arranged behind the temperature control module TS. The third filter M3 is arranged in front of the beam splitter M.

(17) In the present embodiment, FIG. 2 shows the structure of an all-optical optical parametric oscillator, in which a bulk material is used as the nonlinear material, and the poling fundamental frequency light and the OPO pump light are laser lights generated by different lasers. The poling fundamental frequency light is emitted by the second laser L2, and then incident on the bulk material through the first reflector M.sub.1″ and the second reflector M.sub.2″, so that the bulk material produces a second-order nonlinear coefficient to generate the poling frequency doubled light by means of the second-order nonlinear effect, and the material produces a periodic second-order nonlinear coefficient under the combined action of the poling fundamental frequency light and the poling frequency doubled light. The OPO pump light is emitted by the first laser L1, and then incident on the bulk material B to generate the OPO signal light and the OPO idler light. The bulk material B is placed in the temperature control module TS. Both ends of the bulk material B are provided with the first OPO cavity mirror M.sub.1′ and the second OPO cavity mirror M.sub.2′, respectively. Each of the first OPO cavity mirror and the second OPO cavity mirror is coated with a high-reflectivity film with respect to the OPO signal light and the OPO idler light, and is coated with a high-transmittance film with respect to the OPO pump light, the poling fundamental frequency light and the poling frequency doubled light. The laser lights emitted by the OPO mainly include the poling fundamental frequency light, the poling frequency doubled light, the OPO pump light, the OPO signal light and the OPO idler light. The filters M1, M2 and M3 are configured to filter out the poling fundamental frequency light, the poling frequency doubled light and the OPO pump light. The beam splitter M is configured to separate the OPO signal light and the OPO idler light.

(18) In the present embodiment, the laser light output by each of the first laser L1 and the second laser L2 may be a single-wavelength laser light or a tunable laser light, a pulsed laser light or a continuous laser light.

Embodiment 2

(19) As shown in FIG. 3, the present invention provides an all-optical optical parametric oscillator, including the laser module, the temperature control module TS, a plurality of filters and the beam splitter M arranged in sequence. The bulk material B is arranged in the temperature control module TS. Both ends of the bulk material B are provided with the first OPO cavity mirror M.sub.1′ and the second OPO cavity mirror M.sub.2′, respectively. Each of the first OPO cavity mirror M.sub.1′ and the second OPO cavity mirror M.sub.2′ is coated with a high-reflectivity film with respect to the OPO signal light and the OPO idler light, and is coated with a high-transmittance film with respect to the OPO pump light, the poling fundamental frequency light and the poling frequency doubled light. The second laser unit includes the third laser L3. The poling fundamental frequency light is emitted by the third laser L3, and then incident on the bulk material B, so that the bulk material produces a second-order nonlinear coefficient to generate the poling frequency doubled light by means of the second-order nonlinear effect, and the material produces a periodic second-order nonlinear coefficient under the combined action of the poling fundamental frequency light and the poling frequency doubled light. The OPO pump light is emitted by the third laser L3, and then incident on the bulk material B to generate the OPO signal light and the OPO idler light by means of the nonlinear effect of the bulk material B. The poling fundamental frequency light and the OPO pump light are filtered through the filter M1, and the poling frequency doubled light is filtered through the filter M2, to obtain the OPO idler light and the OPO signal light. The OPO idler light and the OPO signal light are separated by the beam splitter. The filter M1 and the filter M2 are arranged in sequence, and the filter M1 is arranged behind the temperature control module TS. The filter M2 is arranged in front of the beam splitter M.

(20) In the present embodiment, FIG. 3 shows the structure of an all-optical optical parametric oscillator, in which the bulk material B is used as the nonlinear material, and the poling fundamental frequency light and the OPO pump light are laser lights generated by the same laser L3. The poling fundamental frequency light is emitted by the third laser L3, and then incident on the bulk material B, so that the bulk material produces a second-order nonlinear coefficient to generate the poling frequency doubled light by means of the second-order nonlinear effect, and the material produces a periodic second-order nonlinear coefficient under the combined action of the poling fundamental frequency light and the poling frequency doubled light. At the same time, the laser light emitted by the third laser L3 is also used as the OPO pump light to generate the OPO signal light and the OPO idler light. The bulk material B is placed in the temperature control module TS. Both ends of the bulk material B are provided with the first OPO cavity mirror M.sub.1′ and the second OPO cavity mirror M.sub.2′, respectively. Each of the first OPO cavity mirror M.sub.1′ and the second OPO cavity mirror M.sub.2′ is coated with a high-reflectivity film with respect to the OPO signal light and the OPO idler light, and is coated with a high-transmittance film with respect to the OPO pump light, the poling fundamental frequency light and the frequency doubled light. The laser lights emitted by the OPO mainly include the poling fundamental frequency light, the poling frequency doubled light, the OPO pump light, the OPO signal light and the OPO idler light. Among them, the poling fundamental frequency light and the OPO pump light have the same wavelength. The filter M1 is configured to filter out the poling fundamental frequency light and the OPO pump light, and the filter M2 is configured to filter out the poling frequency doubled light. The beam splitter M is configured to separate the OPO signal light and the OPO idler light.

(21) In the present embodiment, the laser light output by the third laser L3 may be a single-wavelength laser light or a tunable laser light, a pulsed laser light or a continuous laser light.

Embodiment 3

(22) As shown in FIG. 4, the present invention provides an all-optical optical parametric oscillator, including the laser module, the temperature control module TS, a plurality of filters and the beam splitter M arranged in sequence. The waveguide material W is arranged in the temperature control module TS. Each of both ends of the waveguide material W is coated with a high-reflectivity film with respect to the OPO signal light and the OPO idler light, and is coated with a high-transmittance film with respect to the OPO pump light, the poling fundamental frequency light and the poling frequency doubled light. The third laser unit includes the fourth laser L4, the fifth laser L5, the optical fiber and the optical coupler C. The poling fundamental frequency light is emitted by the fifth laser L5, enters the optical coupler C through the optical fiber, and is then incident on the waveguide material W through the optical fiber, so that the waveguide material produces a second-order nonlinear coefficient to generate the poling frequency doubled light by means of the second-order nonlinear effect, and the waveguide material produces a periodic second-order nonlinear coefficient under the combined action of the poling fundamental frequency light and the poling frequency doubled light. The OPO pump light is emitted by the fourth laser L4, enters the optical coupler C through the optical fiber, and is then incident on the waveguide material W through the optical fiber to generate the OPO signal light and the OPO idler light by means of the nonlinear effect of the waveguide material W. The poling fundamental frequency light, the poling frequency doubled light, the OPO pump light, the OPO signal light, and the OPO idler light pass through the filter M1, the filter M2 and the filter M3 to filter the poling fundamental frequency light, the poling frequency doubled light and the OPO pump light, to obtain the OPO idler light and the OPO signal light. The OPO idler light and the OPO signal light are separated by the beam splitter. The filter M1, the filter M2 and the filter M3 are arranged in sequence, and the filter M1 is arranged behind the temperature control module TS. The filter M3 is arranged in front of the beam splitter M.

(23) In the present embodiment, the laser light output by each of the fourth laser L4 and the fifth laser L5 may be a single-wavelength laser light or a tunable laser light, a pulsed laser light or a continuous laser light.

(24) In the present embodiment, FIG. 4 shows the structure of an all-optical optical parametric oscillator, in which a waveguide is used as the nonlinear material, and the poling fundamental frequency light and the OPO pump light are laser lights generated by different lasers. The poling fundamental frequency light emitted by the fifth laser L5 and the OPO pump light emitted by the fourth laser L4 enter the optical coupler C through the optical fiber, and then are incident on the waveguide material W through the optical fiber. The waveguide material produces a second-order nonlinear coefficient under the action of the poling fundamental frequency light emitted by the fifth laser L5, to generate the poling frequency doubled light by means of the second-order nonlinear effect, and the material produces a periodic second-order nonlinear coefficient under the combined action of the poling fundamental frequency light and the poling frequency doubled light. The OPO pump light emitted by the fourth laser L4 generates the OPO signal light and the OPO idler light by means of the nonlinear effect of the waveguide material W. The waveguide material W is placed in the temperature control module TS. Each of both ends of the waveguide material W is coated with a high-reflectivity film with respect to the OPO signal light and the OPO idler light, and is coated with a high-transmittance film with respect to the OPO pump light, the poling fundamental frequency light and the poling frequency doubled light. The laser lights emitted by the OPO mainly include the poling fundamental frequency light, the poling frequency doubled light, the OPO pump light, the OPO signal light and the OPO idler light. The filters M1, M2 and M3 are configured to filter out the poling fundamental frequency light, the poling frequency doubled light and the OPO pump light. The beam splitter M is configured to separate the OPO signal light and the OPO idler light.

Embodiment 4

(25) As shown in FIG. 5, the present invention provides an all-optical optical parametric oscillator, including the laser module, the temperature control module TS, a plurality of filters and the beam splitter M arranged in sequence. The waveguide material W is arranged in the temperature control module TS. Each of both ends of the waveguide material W is coated with a high-reflectivity film with respect to the OPO signal light and the OPO idler light, and is coated with a high-transmittance film with respect to the OPO pump light, the poling fundamental frequency light and the poling frequency doubled light. The fourth laser unit includes the sixth laser L6 and the optical fiber. The poling fundamental frequency light is emitted by the sixth laser L6, and then incident on the waveguide material W through the optical fiber, so that the waveguide material produces a second-order nonlinear coefficient to generate the poling frequency doubled light by means of the second-order nonlinear effect, and the waveguide material produces a periodic second-order nonlinear coefficient under the combined action of the poling fundamental frequency light and the poling frequency doubled light. The OPO pump light is emitted by the sixth laser L6, and then incident on the waveguide material W through the optical fiber to generate the OPO signal light and the OPO idler light. The poling fundamental frequency light and the OPO pump light are filtered through the filter M1, and the poling frequency doubled light is filtered through the filter M2, to obtain the OPO idler light and the OPO signal light. The OPO idler light and the OPO signal light are separated by the beam splitter. The filter M1 and the filter M2 are arranged in sequence, and the filter M1 is arranged behind the temperature control module. The filter M2 is arranged in front of the beam splitter M.

(26) In the present embodiment, FIG. 5 shows the structure of an all-optical optical parametric oscillator, in which a waveguide is used as the nonlinear material, and the poling fundamental frequency light and the OPO pump light are laser lights generated by the same laser. The poling fundamental frequency light is emitted by the sixth laser L6, and then incident on the waveguide material W through the optical fiber, so that the waveguide material produces a second-order nonlinear coefficient to generate the poling frequency doubled light by means of the second-order nonlinear effect, and the waveguide material produces a periodic second-order nonlinear coefficient under the combined action of the poling fundamental frequency light and the poling frequency doubled light. At the same time, the laser light emitted by the sixth laser L6 is also used as the OPO pump light to generate the OPO signal light and the OPO idler light. The waveguide material W is placed in the temperature control module TS. Each of both ends of the waveguide material W is coated with a high-reflectivity film with respect to the OPO signal light and the OPO idler light, and is coated with a high-transmittance film with respect to the OPO pump light, the poling fundamental frequency light and the poling frequency doubled light. The laser lights emitted by the OPO mainly include the poling fundamental frequency light, the poling frequency doubled light, the OPO pump light, the OPO signal light and the OPO idler light. Among them, the poling fundamental frequency light and the OPO pump light have the same wavelength. The filter M1 is configured to filter out the poling fundamental frequency light and the OPO pump light, and the filter M2 is configured to filter out the poling frequency doubled light. The beam splitter M is configured to separate the OPO signal light and the OPO idler light.

(27) In the present embodiment, the laser light output by the sixth laser L6 may be a single-wavelength laser light or a tunable laser light, a pulsed laser light or a continuous laser light.

(28) In the present embodiment, based on the foregoing Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 4, it can be seen that, compared with the device that generates the poling fundamental frequency light and the OPO pump light by different lasers, the device that generates the poling fundamental frequency light and the OPO pump light by the same laser has a simpler structure, but has a smaller variable range of the OPO signal light and the OPO idler light.

(29) In the present embodiment, based on the foregoing Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 4, whether the nonlinear material used in the OPO is the bulk material B or the waveguide material W, second-order nonlinearity will occur under strong laser irradiation. When the material has certain defect structures, these defect structures will produce a multiphoton absorption phenomenon under the strong laser irradiation, resulting in a coherent photocurrent effect. Under the photoconductive effect, the photocurrent will further form a built-in electric field that exists stably in the medium for a long time, thereby forming a spatial periodicity. Different energy differences from the defect center to the conduction band require different input laser energies to form a spatial periodic structure. When the sum of the photon energies of two poling fundamental frequency lights and one poling frequency doubled light is greater than the energy difference E from the defect center to the conduction band, and the sum of the energies of three poling fundamental frequency lights is less than the energy difference E from the defect center to the conduction band, that is, when the formula (1) is satisfied, the material can form a periodic second-order nonlinear coefficient for quasi-phase-matching, as shown in FIG. 6.
3hv.sub.f<E≤2hv.sub.f+hv.sub.fd (1);

(30) where, h represents the Planck constant, v.sub.f represents the frequency of the poling fundamental frequency light, E represents the energy difference from the defect center of the bulk material or the waveguide material to the conduction band, and v.sub.fd represents the frequency of the poling frequency doubled light.

(31) It can be seen from formula (1), the value range of the wavelength λ.sub.f of the poling fundamental frequency light emitted by each of the second laser L2, the third laser L3, the fifth laser L5, and the sixth laser L6 is as shown in formula (2):

(32) $\begin{matrix} \frac{3 h c}{E} < λ_{f} \leq \frac{4 h c}{E}; & (2) \end{matrix}$

(33) where, h represents the Planck constant, E represents the energy difference from the defect center of the bulk material or the waveguide material to the conduction band, and c represents the speed of light, λ.sub.f represents the wavelength of the poling fundamental frequency light. FIG. 7 is a graph showing the variation of the wavelength λ.sup.f of the poling fundamental frequency light with the energy difference E from the defect center to the conduction band, where, the solid line represents the upper limit of the wavelength λ.sub.f of the poling fundamental frequency light, and the dashed line represents the lower limit of the wavelength λ.sub.f of the poling fundamental frequency light. It can be seen from this figure, as the energy difference E from the defect center to the conduction band increases from 2.9 eV to 5.3 eV, the upper limit of the wavelength λ.sub.f of the poling fundamental frequency light decreases from 1.714 μm to 0.938 μm, and the lower limit of the wavelength λ.sub.f of the poling fundamental frequency light decreases from 1.285 μm to 0.703 μm.

(34) The period of the periodic second-order nonlinear coefficient is expressed as follows:

(35) 0 $\begin{matrix} Λ = \frac{λ_{f}}{2 (n_{f d} - n_{f})}; & (3) \end{matrix}$

(36) where, Λ represents the period of the periodic second-order nonlinear coefficient, n.sub.fd represents the refractive index of the poling frequency doubled light, and n.sub.f represents the refractive index of the poling fundamental frequency light. Taking the silicon nitride waveguide as an example, the poled period Λ of the material varies with the change of the wavelength λ.sup.f of the poling fundamental frequency light. As shown in FIG. 8, as the wavelength λ.sub.f of the poling fundamental frequency light increases from 1.25 μm to 1.55 μm, the poled period Λ of the material increases from 17.6 μm to 26.16 μm.

(37) In the present embodiment, based on the foregoing Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 4, the energy conservation and momentum conservation of the all-optical optical parametric oscillator satisfy the following conditions:

(38) $\begin{matrix} \frac{1}{λ_{p}} = \frac{1}{λ_{s}} + \frac{1}{λ_{i}} & (4) \\ \frac{2 π n_{p}}{λ_{p}} - \frac{2 π n_{s}}{λ_{s}} - \frac{2 π n_{i}}{λ_{i}} - \frac{2 π}{Λ} = 0; & (5) \end{matrix}$

(39) where, λ.sub.p represents the wavelength of the OPO pump light, λ.sub.s represents the wavelength of the OPO signal light, λ.sub.i represents the wavelength of the OPO idler light, n.sub.p represents the refractive index of the OPO pump light, n.sub.s represents the refractive index of the OPO signal light, and n.sub.i represents the refractive index of the OPO idler light. By simultaneously solving the formulas (3), (4) and (5), the wavelength λ.sub.s of the OPO signal light and the wavelength λ.sub.i of the OPO idler light can be calculated.

(40) In the present embodiment, based on the foregoing Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 4, for the device that generates the poling fundamental frequency light and the OPO pump light by different lasers, the wavelength λ.sub.p of the OPO pump light can be the wavelength in the entire light transmission range of the material. Namely, the wavelength of the OPO pump light emitted by the first laser L1 is the light transmission range of the bulk material, and the wavelength of the OPO pump light emitted by the fourth laser L4 is the light transmission range of the waveguide material. For the device that generates the poling fundamental frequency light and the OPO pump light by the same laser, the value range of the wavelength λ.sub.p of the OPO pump light is consistent with the value range of the wavelength λ.sub.f of the poling fundamental frequency light shown in formula (2), namely: the expression for the wavelength of the OPO pump light emitted by each of the third laser L3 and the sixth laser L6 is as follows:

(41) $\frac{3 h c}{E} < λ_{p} \leq \frac{4 h c}{E} .$

(42) In the present embodiment, based on the foregoing Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 4, for the device that generates the poling fundamental frequency light and the OPO pump light by different lasers, when the wavelength λ.sub.f of the poling fundamental frequency light is fixed, the wavelength λ.sub.s of the OPO signal light and the wavelength λ.sub.i of the OPO idler light change with the wavelength λ.sub.p of the OPO pump light. Taking the silicon nitride waveguide as an example, for the device that generates the poling fundamental frequency light and the OPO pump light by different lasers, when the wavelength λ.sub.f of the poling fundamental frequency light is 1350 nm, the variation of the wavelength λ.sub.s of the OPO signal light and the wavelength λ.sub.i of the OPO idler light with the wavelength λ.sub.p of the pump light is shown in FIG. 9. When the wavelength λ.sub.f of the poling fundamental frequency light is 1350 nm, as the wavelength λ.sub.p of the OPO pump light increases from 0.8 μm to 1.8 μm, the wavelength λ.sub.s of the OPO signal light increases from 0.94 μm to 2.57 μm, and the wavelength λ.sub.i of the OPO idler light increases from 5.359 μm to 6.141 μm and then decreases to 5.985 μm. When the wavelength λ.sub.f of the poling fundamental frequency light is 1550 nm, the variation of the wavelength λ.sub.s of the OPO signal light and the wavelength λ.sub.i of the OPO idler light with the wavelength λ.sub.p of the pump light is shown in FIG. 10. As the wavelength λ.sub.p of the OPO pump light increases from 0.8 μm to 1.8 μm, the wavelength λ.sub.s of the OPO signal light increases from 1.08 μm to 3.39 μm, and the wavelength λ.sub.i of the OPO idler light increases from 3.057 μm to 4.566 μm and then decreases to 3.829 μm.

(43) In the present embodiment, based on the foregoing Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 4, for the device that generates the poling fundamental frequency light and the OPO pump light by different lasers, when the wavelength of the OPO pump light is fixed, as the wavelength λ.sub.f of the poling fundamental frequency light changes, the poled period of the material will change accordingly, which in turn causes the wavelength λ.sub.s of the OPO signal light and the wavelength λ.sub.i of the OPO idler light to change. Taking the silicon nitride waveguide as an example, for the device that generates the poling fundamental frequency light and the OPO pump light by different lasers, when the wavelength of the OPO pump light is fixed, as the wavelength λ.sub.f of the poling fundamental frequency light changes, the poled period of the material will change accordingly, which in turn causes the wavelength λ.sub.s of the OPO signal light and the wavelength λ.sub.i of the OPO idler light to change. When the wavelength λ.sub.p of the OPO pump light is 1064 nm, the variation of the wavelength λ.sub.s of the OPO signal light and the wavelength λ.sub.i of the OPO idler light with the wavelength λ.sub.f of the poling fundamental frequency light is shown in FIG. 11. As the wavelength λ.sub.f of the poling fundamental frequency light changes from 1.25 μm to 1.55 μm, the wavelength λ.sub.s of the OPO signal light changes from 1.251 μm to 1.406 μm, and the wavelength λ.sub.i of the OPO idler light changes from 7.114 μm to 4.372 μm. When the wavelength λ.sub.i of the OPO pump light is 1550 nm, the variation of the wavelength λ.sub.s of the OPO signal light and the wavelength λ.sub.i of the OPO idler light with the wavelength λ.sub.f of the poling fundamental frequency light is shown in FIG. 12. As the wavelength λ.sub.f of the poling fundamental frequency light changes from 1.25 μm to 1.55 μm, the wavelength λ.sub.s of the OPO signal light changes from 1.973 μm to 2.374 μm, and the wavelength λ.sub.i of the OPO idler light changes from 7.226 μm to 4.464 μm.

(44) In the present embodiment, based on the foregoing Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 4, for the device that generates the poling fundamental frequency light and the OPO pump light by the same laser, the poling fundamental frequency light and the OPO pump light have the same wavelength and have the same wavelength value range. The wavelength λ.sub.s of the OPO signal light and the wavelength λ.sub.i of the OPO idler light vary with the wavelength λ.sub.p of the pump light. Taking the silicon nitride waveguide as an example, for the device that generates the poling fundamental frequency light and the OPO pump light by the same laser, the poling fundamental frequency light and the OPO pump light have the same wavelength and have the same wavelength value range. The variation of the wavelength λ.sub.s of the OPO signal light and the wavelength λ.sub.i of the OPO idler light with the wavelength λ.sub.p of the pump light is shown in FIG. 13. As the wavelength λ.sub.p of the OPO pump light changes from 1.25 μm to 1.55 μm, the wavelength λ.sub.s of the OPO signal light increases from 1.51 μm to 2.37 μm, and the wavelength λ.sub.i of the OPO idler light changes from 7.213 μm to 4.465 μm.

(45) By means of the above design, the present invention can change the temperature of the material by changing the temperature of the temperature control module to realize temperature tuning of the wavelength λ.sub.s of the OPO signal light and the wavelength λ.sub.i of the OPO idler light.

All-optical optical parametric oscillator

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G02F1/395

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G02F1/3558

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