Extruded feed formula based on chaff of crops or field residues for ruminants and horses

Abstract

The present patent application refers to a nutritional formulation presented as animal feed, concentrate and supplement, with extruded characteristic, based on crop haystacks or culture residues, with the object to complement or provide nutritional requirements for ruminants and/or equines, disclosing a product with considerable reduction of the final cost, due to the abundance of the raw material as used being originated from annual crop haystacks, improving the utilization of the food contained in the final product, with gains of digestibility, consequently improving the effectiveness of the rational use of nutritional resources with those species.

Claims

1. A formulation for an animal consisting of: a milled thermally extruded mixture consisting of: 5% to 60% by weight of at least one source of raw fiber selected from the group consisting of raw corn haystack, raw sugar cane bagasse, and raw sunflower bran; 0.01% to 8% by weight of urea; 1% to 42% by weight of at least one source of protein selected from the group consisting of soy bran, cotton bran, sugar cane yeast, and sunflower bran; 3% to 70% by weight of at least one source of energy selected from the group consisting of corn, sorghum, soy molasses, corn germen, corn oil, soybean oil, and palm fat; 0.2% to 20% by weight of at least one source of minerals selected from the group consisting of calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, potassium chloride, ammonium chloride, filtered sulfur, zinc oxide, organic chromium, organic zinc, copper sulfate, sodium chloride, manganese monoxide, cobalt sulfate, calcium iodate, organic selenium, sodium bicarbonate, and sodium selenite; 0.01% to 0.2% by weight of at least one additive including virginiamycin, lysine, tannin from chestnut, and/or ash tree; and wherein the formulation is an animal feed supplement.

2. The formulation of claim 1, wherein the animal is a ruminant or an equine.

3. An animal feed for ruminants or equines consisting of: a milled thermally extruded mixture consisting of: 5% to 60% by weight of at least one source of raw fiber selected from the group consisting of raw corn haystack, raw sunflower bran, and raw sugar cane bagasse; 0.01% to 8% by weight of urea; 1% to 42% by weight of at least one source of protein selected from the group consisting of soy bran, cotton bran, sugar cane yeast, soy meal, and sunflower bran; 3% to 70% by weight of at least one source of energy selected from the group consisting of corn, sorghum, soy molasses, corn germen, sugar cane molasses, corn oil, soybean oil, and protected palm fat; at least one source of minerals selected from the group consisting of dicalcium phosphate, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, potassium chloride, and ammonium chloride; 0.2% to 20% by weight of a filtered sulfur, zinc oxide, organic chromium, organic zinc, copper sulfate, sodium chloride, manganese monoxide, cobalt sulfate, calcium iodate, organic selenium, sodium bicarbonate, and sodium selenite; 0.01% to 0.2% by weight of at least one additive consisting of virginiamycin, lysine, or tannin from chestnut, or ash tree; and wherein the formulation is an animal feed supplement.

4. The formulation of claim 1, wherein the nutritional supplement is a supplement for ruminants or equines.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

(1) The invention refers to the formulation of food classified as animal feed, concentrate and supplement, with extruded characteristics, which process involves passing the mass of ingredients as adequately mixed, be them milled or not, to the equipment known as thermoplastic food extruder. It is based on the use of products of vegetal origin, valuable products and fiber subproducts, especially crop haystacks or culture residues.

(2) The raw material as used is originated from annual and/or perennial crop haystacks, especially from sugar cane and grass, but not excluding haystacks of corn, soy, sorghum, millet, wheat, triticale, bulgur, ryegrass, oats, sugar cane bagasse and many others, as well as their crop residues.

(3) The formulation object of the patent application for animal feed, concentrate or supplement for ruminants or equines follows the quantitative and qualitative table as presented below, using at least one of the constituents as mentioned on said table as a source of energy, source of protein, source of nitrogen, source of fiber, source of minerals and additive(s), under the following percent quantities, by weight:

(4) TABLE-US-00001 Source of Energy: corn, sorghum, soy molasses, corn 1% to 70% germen, protected palm fat, sugar cane molasses, corn oil and soybean oil. Source of Protein: soy bran, cotton bran, sugar cane 1% to 42% yeast, soy meal and sunflower bran. Source of Nitrogen: urea for cattle-raising. 0.0% to 8%   Source of minerals: dicalcium phosphate, calcium 0.2% to 20%   carbonate, calcium sulfate, potassium chloride, ammonium chloride, filtered sulfur, zinc oxide, organic chromium, organic zinc, copper sulfate, magnesium oxide, sodium chloride, manganese monoxide, cobalt sulfate, calcium iodate, organic selenium, sodium selenite and sodium bicarbonate. Source of fiber: sugar cane straw (hay) and/or corn 5% to 60% straw (hay) and/or sunflower bran and/or grass haystack (hay) and/or sugar cane bagasse. Additive: sodium monensin, virginiamycin, lysine, 0.0% to 0.2%  tannin from chestnut and/or ash tree.

(5) The preferred modes of formulation of animal feed, respectively, for ruminants and equines, are shown below, highlighting quantities by weight, for use of at least one of the constituents as mentioned on said table as a source of energy, source of protein, source of nitrogen, source of fiber, source of minerals and additive(s), as per the table below:

(6) TABLE-US-00002 Source of Minerals: dicalcium phosphate, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, potassium chloride, ammonium chloride, filtered sulfur, zinc oxide, organic Source of chromium, Energy: organic zinc, Source of corn, copper sulfate, Fiber: sorghum, magnesium sugar cane soy Source of oxide, sodium straw (hay) molasses, Protein: chloride, and/or corn corn soy bran, manganese straw (hay) germen, cotton monoxide, and/or Additive: protected bran, cobalt sulfate, sunflower sodium palm fat, sugar calcium iodate, bran and/or monensin, sugar cane cane Source of organic grass straw virginiamycin, molasses, yeast, soy Nitrogen: selenium, (hay) lysine, tannin corn oil, meal and urea for sodium selenite, and/or from chestnut soybean sunflower cattle- sodium sugar cane and/or ash oil. bran. raising bicarbonate. bagasse. tree. 60% to 70% 25% to 30% 0% to 8% 3% to 5% 5% to 60% 0.1% to 0.2% 40% to 50%  9% to 15% 0% 1% to 2% 40% to 50%  0%

(7) Two preferred embodiments of the formulation of concentrate for ruminants are shown below, highlighting the quantities by weight for the use of at least one of the constituents as mentioned by said table as a source of energy, source of protein, source of nitrogen, source of fiber, source of minerals and additive(s), as per the table below:

(8) TABLE-US-00003 Source of Minerals: dicalcium phosphate, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, potassium chloride, filtered sulfur, zinc oxide, organic chromium, organic zinc, Source of Source of copper sulfate, Fiber: Energy: magnesium sugar cane corn, Source of oxide, sodium straw (hay) sorghum, Protein: chloride, and/or corn soy soy bran, manganese straw (hay) molasses, cotton monoxide, and/or Additive: protected bran, cobalt sulfate, sunflower sodium palm fat, sugar cane calcium iodate, bran and/or monensin, sugar cane yeast, Source of organic grass straw virginiamycin, molasses, powdered Nitrogen: selenium, (hay) lysine, tannin corn oil, milk and urea for sodium selenite, and/or from chestnut soybean sunflower cattle- sodium sugar cane and/or ash oil. bran. raising bicarbonate. bagasse. tree. 35% to 45% 12% to 18% 3% to 5%  9% to 12% 30% to 40% 0.1% to 0.2% 3% to 8% 80% to 90% 2% to 4% 6% to 9% 25% to 35% 0.025% to 0.035%

(9) Three preferred embodiments of the formulation of supplement for ruminants are shown below, highlighting the quantities by weight for the use of at least one of the constituents as mentioned in said table as the source of energy, source of protein, source of nitrogen, source of fiber and additive, as per the table below:

(10) TABLE-US-00004 Source of Minerals: dicalcium phosphate, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, potassium chloride, filtered sulfur, zinc oxide, organic chromium, organic zinc, Source of Source of copper sulfate, Fiber: Energy: magnesium sugar cane corn, Source of oxide, sodium straw (hay) sorghum, Protein: chloride, and/or corn soy soy bran, manganese straw (hay) molasses, cotton monoxide, and/or Additive: protected bran, cobalt sulfate, sunflower sodium palm fat, sugar cane calcium iodate, bran and/or monensin, sugar cane yeast, Source of organic grass straw virginiamycin, molasses, powdered Nitrogen: selenium, (hay) lysine, tannin corn oil, milk and urea for sodium selenite, and/or from chestnut soybean sunflower cattle- sodium sugar cane and/or ash oil. bran. raising bicarbonate. bagasse. tree. 40% to 50% 25% to 30% 4% to 8% 14% to 20% 15% to 20% 0.1% to 0.2% 25% to 35% 45% to 50% 0% 10% to 15% 10% to 15% 0.1% to 0.2% 25% to 35% 15% to 25% 4% to 8% 13% to 18% 15% to 20% 0.1% to 0.2%

(11) It is important to highlight that, in the nutritional formulation presented as animal feed, concentrate and supplement, when formulated for equines, the source of nitrogen should always be 0.0%.

(12) The Formulations have been shown to be more effective for ruminants when used in the following quantitative and qualitative ratios:

(13) at least one source of fiber, based on sugar cane haystack, corn haystack, grass haystack, sugar cane bagasse and sunflower bran, under the ratio between 5 and 60% by weight;

(14) source of nitrogen based on urea for cattle-raising, under the ratio between 0.01% and 8% by weight;

(15) at least one source of protein based on soy bran, cotton bran, sugar cane yeast, soy meal and sunflower bran, under the ratio between 1% and 42% by weight;

(16) at least one source of energy: corn, sorghum, soy molasses, sugar cane molasses, corn germen, corn oil, soybean oil and protected palm fat, under the ratio between 3% and 70% by weight;

(17) at least one source of minerals: dicalcium phosphate, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, potassium chloride, ammonium chloride, filtered sulfur, zinc oxide, organic chromium, organic zinc, copper sulfate, magnesium oxide, sodium chloride, manganese monoxide, cobalt sulfate, calcium iodate, organic selenium, sodium bicarbonate and sodium selenite, under the ratio between 0.2% and 20% by weight; and

(18) at least one additive: sodium monensin, virginiamycin, lysine and tannin from chestnut and/or ash tree, under the ratio between 0.01% and 0.2% by weight.

(19) The Formulations have been shown to be more effective for equines when used under the following ratios:

(20) at least one source of fiber, based on sugar cane haystack, corn haystack, grass haystack, sugar cane bagasse and sunflower bran, under the ratio between 10 and 50% by weight;

(21) at least one source of protein based on soy bran, cotton bran, sugar cane yeast, soy meal and sunflower bran, under the ratio between 1% and 42% by weight;

(22) at least one source of energy: corn, sorghum, soy molasses, sugar cane molasses, corn germen, corn oil, soybean oil and protected palm fat, under the ratio between 3% and 70% by weight;

(23) at least one source of minerals: dicalcium phosphate, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, potassium chloride, ammonium chloride, filtered sulfur, zinc oxide, organic chromium, organic zinc, copper sulfate, magnesium oxide, sodium chloride, manganese monoxide, cobalt sulfate, calcium iodate, organic selenium, sodium bicarbonate and sodium selenite, under the ratio between 0.2% and 20% by weight; and

(24) at least one additive: sodium monensin, virginiamycin, lysine and tannin from chestnut and/or ash tree, under the ratio between 0.01% and 0.2% by weight.

(25) It is important to highlight that, for this formulation, no source of nitrogen is used.

(26) The animal feed for ruminants and equines has shown to be fully effective for the ratios as disclosed below, highlighting that, for equines, no source of nitrogen is used:

(27) at least one source of fiber, based on sugar cane haystack, corn haystack, sunflower haystack, grass haystack and sugar cane bagasse, under the ratio between 5 and 60% by weight;

(28) source of nitrogen based on urea for cattle-raising, under the ratio between 0.01% and 8% by weight;

(29) at least one source of protein based on soy bran, cotton bran, sugar cane yeast, soy meal and sunflower bran, under the ratio between 1% and 42% by weight;

(30) at least one source of energy: corn, sorghum, soy molasses, corn germen, sugar cane molasses, corn oil, soybean oil and protected palm fat, under the ratio between 3% and 70% by weight;

(31) at least one source of minerals: dicalcium phosphate, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, potassium chloride, ammonium chloride, filtered sulfur, zinc oxide, organic chromium, organic zinc, copper sulfate, magnesium oxide, sodium chloride, manganese monoxide, cobalt sulfate, calcium iodate, organic selenium, sodium bicarbonate and sodium selenite, under the ratio between 0.2% and 20% by weight; and

(32) at least one additive: sodium monensin, virginiamycin, lysine and tannin from chestnut and/or ash tree, under the ratio between 0.01% and 0.2% by weight.

(33) The concentrate for ruminants and equines has shown to be fully effective for the ratios as disclosed below, highlighting that, for equines, no source of nitrogen is used:

(34) at least one source of fiber, based on sugar cane haystack, corn haystack, grass haystack, sugar cane bagasse and sunflower bran, under the ratio between 10 and 50% by weight;

(35) source of nitrogen based on urea for cattle-raising, under the ratio between 0.01% and 8% by weight;

(36) at least one source of protein based on soy bran, cotton bran, sugar cane yeast, soy meal and sunflower bran, under the ratio between 1% and 42% by weight;

(37) at least one source of energy: corn, sorghum, soy molasses, corn germen, sugar cane molasses, corn oil, soybean oil and protected palm fat, under the ratio between 3% and 70% by weight;

(38) at least one source of minerals: dicalcium phosphate, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, potassium chloride, ammonium chloride, filtered sulfur, zinc oxide, organic chromium, organic zinc, copper sulfate, magnesium oxide, sodium chloride, manganese monoxide, cobalt sulfate, calcium iodate, organic selenium, sodium bicarbonate and sodium selenite, under the ratio between 0.2% and 20% by weight; and

(39) at least one additive: sodium monensin, virginiamycin, lysine and tannin from chestnut and/or ash tree, under the ratio between 0.01% and 0.2% by weight.

(40) The supplement for ruminants and equines has shown to be fully effective for the ratios as disclosed below, highlighting that, for equines, no source of nitrogen is used:

(41) at least one source of fiber, based on sugar cane haystack, corn haystack, grass haystack, sugar cane bagasse and sunflower bran, under the ratio between 5% and 60% by weight;

(42) source of nitrogen based on urea for cattle-raising, under the ratio between 0.01% and 8% by weight;

(43) at least one source of protein based on soy bran, cotton bran, sugar cane yeast, soy meal and sunflower bran, under the ratio between 1% and 42% by weight;

(44) at least one source of energy: corn, sorghum, soy molasses, sugar cane molasses, corn germen, corn oil, soybean oil and protected palm fat, under the ratio between 3% and 70% by weight;

(45) at least one source of minerals: dicalcium phosphate, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, potassium chloride, ammonium chloride, filtered sulfur, zinc oxide, organic chromium, organic zinc, copper sulfate, magnesium oxide, sodium chloride, manganese monoxide, cobalt sulfate, calcium iodate, organic selenium and sodium selenite, under the ratio between 0.2% and 20% by weight; and

(46) at least one additive: sodium monensin, virginiamycin, lysine and tannin from chestnut and/or ash tree, under the ratio between 0.01% and 0.2% by weight.